RU2800145C1 - Lower part of the electrical unit housing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical energy.

SUBSTANCE: structural elements of devices for the supply and distribution of electrical energy, namely to the lower part of the body of the electrical unit. To do this, the lower part of the housing of the electrical installation contains a bottom and a latch for attaching the cover to the lower part. In this case, the first wall of the lower part has a latch containing a form-locking part, which is placed with the possibility of removal in a recess in the first wall of the lower part, and the second wall of the lower part, opposite the first wall, contains a latch containing a form-locking part, placed with the possibility of removal in the recess in second wall. In this case, the latch of the first wall is located diametrically opposite to the latch of the second wall, and the form-locking parts contain a flat outer surface, which is in the same plane as the outer surface of these walls of the lower part, to the walls of which the shaping parts are attached, while these walls contain hooks, which are configured to prevent the removal of the form-locking parts from the lower part in the direction from the plane bounded by the bottom of the lower part.

EFFECT: providing the possibility of using the same bottom part with covers of different types, as well as changing the opening direction of the bottom part cover.

15 cl, 20 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the lower part of the body of the electrical installation. More specifically, the invention relates to the lower part of the body of the electrical installation, which contains a rectangular bottom, the first wall and the second wall opposite to it, which extend upward from the bottom, as well as the third wall and the fourth wall opposite the third wall, the first wall of the lower part has the first latch for attaching the cover to the bottom part, and the second wall has the first latch for attaching the cover to the bottom part.

Users of electrical enclosures, depending on the purpose of the application of the electrical enclosure, have very different requirements for it, as well as different wishes regarding what the bottom and cover of the electrical enclosure should be from a technical point of view in order to make the electrical enclosure as suitable as possible for the application. In practical terms, user requirements for electrical enclosures make it very difficult for enclosure manufacturers to produce them. In order for manufacturers to deliver electrical enclosures meeting required/desired specifications to users in a short time frame, manufacturers must have a large number of prefabricated electrical enclosures in stock. This condition is difficult to achieve, and in fact even impossible, since manufacturers, as a rule, do not have a sufficient number of storage facilities. But even if there were sufficient storage space, an additional problem is that it is impossible to find buyers for all the electrical enclosures manufactured and stored in the warehouse. In view of the foregoing, buyers of electrical enclosures actually have to wait for the delivery of the corresponding electrical enclosure if that type of enclosure is not in stock.

The essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to develop such a lower part of the housing of the electrical installation, which could be easily and quickly modified in order to meet the requirements and requests of users related to its technical characteristics; at the same time, the invention eliminates the need for a large stock of various lower parts for electrical enclosures. This problem is solved by an invention characterized by the features of the distinctive part of paragraph 1 of the attached formula.

The key feature of the invention is that the lower part (which is usually large) contains a set of detachable shape-locking parts (several times smaller than the lower part) with which the housing cover in its first position can be attached to the lower part or, alternatively, in its second position, in which the cover is rotated 180 degrees with respect to the first position. In other words, the direction of opening ("manipulation by hand") can be changed. An additional advantage here is that the technical design of the forming parts, the way the cover is attached and the use of the electrical housing can vary slightly. The shape fixing parts do not impair the appearance of the bottom part, since they are located in recesses formed in the walls of the bottom part so that their flat outer surface is in the same plane as the outer surface of the bottom wall.

The shape fixing part preferably contains a hinge element that allows the cover to be hinged to the desired side of the bottom part, while the opposite side of the bottom part has a shape fixing part containing a recess for attaching the cover with a screw connection to the bottom part or a shackle for attaching the cover to the bottom part.

If the lid is not to be attached to the bottom with a hinge, then the shape fixing parts of the bottom contain a recess for attaching the lid to the bottom with a screw connection or a shackle for attaching the lid to the bottom.

If the opposite walls of the lower part have more than one shape-holding part, which is preferable because the lower part is large, then the shape-holding parts are placed in diametrically opposed recesses on the opposite walls of the lower part. In this case, the fasteners on the cover of the electrical enclosure are designed to attach to the desired side of the bottom to match the opening direction of the cover.

To hold the shape fixing part on the wall of the lower part so that it cannot detach from the recess in the wall in the direction from (outward) the outer surface bounded by the wall, the recess in the wall is preferably limited by a part of the wall formed in the wall containing a groove that is parallel to the plane bounded by the wall and extends perpendicular to the plane bounded by the bottom of the lower part, while the shape fixing part has a protrusion that is configured to fasten the shape fixing part to the wall. Instead of a groove, said part of the wall limiting the recess may have a protrusion that is parallel to the plane bounded by the wall and runs perpendicular to the plane bounded by the bottom of the lower part, while the shape-fixing part has a groove configured to attach the shape-fixing part to the wall so that the shape-fixing part cannot be detached from the recess in the wall in the direction from the outer surface bounded by the wall.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the attached dependent claims.

The greatest advantages of the inventive lower part of the body of the electrical installation are that, thanks to the use of small-sized form-fixing parts, it can be easily and quickly adapted to fit the cover on it in various ways, depending on how the cover will be attached to the bottom, for example, taking into account the location of the cover in relation to the bottom. The invention significantly reduces the need to manufacture and store a large number of different, as a rule, large lower parts that require a lot of storage space. Thanks to the invention, customers can obtain the required bottom part for the electrical enclosure very quickly.

Brief description of the drawings

Hereinafter the invention is described in more detail on the example of its illustrative variants, disclosed with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 depicts an electrical housing containing the inventive lower part;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the angle shown in FIG. 1 electrical enclosure;

fig. 3 shows the corner of the lid shown in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 shows the one shown in FIG. 1 lower part without form-locking parts, looking directly at the inner bottom of the lower part,

fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the angle of the lower part shown in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 shows the angle corresponding to FIG. 4 but shown with fixing pieces;

fig. 7a and 7b show a perspective view and strictly lateral view of the first version of the form-fixing part;

fig. 8a and 8b show a perspective view and strictly side view of the second version of the form-fixing part;

fig. 9a and 9b show a perspective view and strictly lateral view of the third version of the form-fixing part;

fig. 10 shows a second version of the lower part according to the invention;

fig. 11 shows a third variant of the claimed lower part;

fig. 12a-12c illustrate various variants of the claimed lower part;

and fig. 12d-12f illustrate various forms of the shape-locking piece as viewed from above.

Implementation of the invention

In FIG. 1 shows an electrical housing containing the inventive lower part 1 and a cover 8 attached to it. 1, only walls 3 and 6 are visible. In FIG. 4, all walls 3-6 of the lower part 1 can be seen when looking towards the bottom 2 (inner bottom) of the lower part.

The first wall 3 of the lower part 1 has a first latch 30a1 and a second latch 30a2 by means of which the lid 8 is hinged to the lower part (see FIG. 1). The retainers 30a1 and 30a2 comprise shape-locking parts 7b, the construction of which is shown in FIG. 8a and 8b. The molding parts 7b are separate parts and comprise a hinge part 70b which, together with the hinge part 82 formed on the lid 8, forms the hinge of the lid 8.

The second wall 4 opposite the wall 3 of the lower part 1 has the first latch 40a 1 and the second latch 40a2, to which the cover 8 is additionally attached. . 9a and 9b: the molding parts 7c comprise a shackle 70c which is releasably attached to a hook 81 on the cover 8 (see FIG. 2). When the shackle 70c engages the hook 81 on the lid 8, the shackle secures the lid to the bottom 1. When the latch 700c of the mold-locking piece 7c is rotated, the shackle 70 lifts up and disengages from the hook 81 of the lid 8, thereby releasing the lock. The construction and operation of said locking device correspond to the design of a locking shackle well known to those skilled in the art, so the locking shackle is not described in detail in this context.

The fourth wall 6 of the lower part 1 has a first latch 60a 1 and a second latch 60a2 (see Fig. 1). The third wall of the lower part 1, opposite the fourth wall 6, also has two latches, but these are not shown in FIG. 1. The retainers of the third wall and the fourth wall 6 comprise shape fixing parts 7a, the design of which is shown in FIG. 7a and 7b. In the case shown in Fig. 1, the latches of the third wall and the fourth wall 6 do not act as latches for the lid 8 because the lid is already attached (fixed) to the bottom 1 by the latches 30a1, 30a2 on the first wall 3 and the latches 40a1, 40a2 on the second wall. The purpose of the shape-holding parts 7a on the third and fourth walls 6 is to act only as reinforcing elements, improving the appearance of the bottom, which is explained below.

The latches 30a1, 30a2, 40a1, 40a2 on opposite walls 3 and 4 of the lower part 1 are diametrically opposed to each other so that the latch 40a1 is located diametrically opposite to the latch 30a1, and the latch 40a2 is located diametrically opposite to the latch 30a2. The same applies to the retainers on the walls 5 and 6, namely, the first retainer (not shown in Fig. 1) of the wall 5 is located diametrically opposite the first retainer 60a1 of the wall 6, and the second retainer (not shown in Fig. 1) of the wall 5 is located diametrically opposite the second retainer 60a2 of the wall 6.

The fastening of the cover to the lower part 1 can be carried out with the help of the clamps 30a1, 30a2, 40a1, 40a2 in different ways. Alternatively, the lid 8 can be hinged to the wall 3 (as shown in FIG. 1) by means of the hinge parts 82 provided on the lid, or it can be attached to the wall opposite wall 3. If the lid 8 is to be hinged to the wall of the lower part 1 opposite wall 3, the wall 3 is provided with the shape fixing parts 7c shown in FIG. 9c and 9b (or the shaping pieces 7a shown in figs. 7a and 7b), and on the wall opposite wall 3 the shaping pieces 7b shown in figs. 8a and 8b.

If the type of cover 8 is such that it is to be screwed to the bottom part 1, then on the walls of the bottom part are installed the ones shown in FIG. 7a and 7b shape-holding parts 7a (see Fig. 6 and 11, in which the walls 4 and 6 of the lower part have shape-holding parts 7a, shown in Fig. 7a and 7b). In FIG. 7a and 7b, reference numeral 70a denotes a recess in the mold fixing piece 7a. In recess 70a is placed a screw (see screw 87'' (in Fig. 11), with which the cover 8 can be attached to the lower part 1. A screw thread is provided on part of the wall of recess 70a. The recess 70a can also be a through hole through which the screw passes. In this case, a nut can be connected to the screw.

Due to the fact that various types of retainers/shaping parts can be placed on the walls of the bottom part 1, the lid 8 can be attached to the bottom part 1 in various ways, as desired, for example, using eight temples using the shape fixing parts 7 c shown in FIG. 9a and 9b.

Regardless of how the cover 8 is connected to the bottom part 1 and what fasteners the cover has, the walls 3-6 of the bottom part, due to the shape fixing parts 7a, 7b, 7c, have a flat outer surface 72a, 72b or 72c (without recesses or protrusions that disturb the shape), which is in the same plane as the outer surface of the wall on which the shape fixing part is placed. To ensure this, recesses 3a1, 3a2, 4a1, 4a2, 5a1, 5a2, 6a1 and 6a2 are made in the walls 3-6 of the lower part 1 to accommodate the shape fixing parts 7a, 7b or 7c (see Fig. 4, which shows the lower part 1 without the shape fixing parts, which makes the recesses visible).

As a result, the shape fixing parts 7a, 7b or 7c give the outer walls 3-6 of the lower part 1 a graceful and uniform appearance. In the example in FIG. 1 shaping parts 7a, placed on the third and fourth walls 6, do not perform the function of fixing the cover 8; their purpose, as indicated above, is to provide a presentable appearance of the body without the presence of recesses 5a1, 5a2, 6a1, 6a2 (see Fig. 4 and 5) in the lower part 1, which worsen the appearance of the lower part. Additionally, they stiffen the wall 6, as do the other form-fixing parts of the body, each of which stiffens and reinforces the walls of the lower part.

Fig. 5, which shows the corner of the bottom part 1 without the shape fixing parts, illustrates the design of the recesses 4a2 and 6a1 made in the walls of the bottom part. Other recesses (3a1, 3a2, 4a1, 5a1, 5a2, 6a2) in the lower part 1 have a similar design. The recess 4a2 is limited by a part of the wall, which is formed in the wall 4 and contains three main surfaces (lower surface, two edge surfaces and an end surface), and the specified part of the wall has opposite grooves 11 (grooves 11 on the edge surfaces), which run parallel to the plane bounded by the wall 4, and perpendicular to the plane bounded by the bottom 2 of the lower part. The mold fixing parts 7a, 7b and 7c, by analogy, have two oppositely placed protrusions 73a, 73b, 73c (see Fig. 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b). Thanks to the grooves 11 and the protrusions 73a, 73b, 73c, the shaping parts 7a, 7b and 7c can be positively locked in the recesses 4a2, 6a1 or any other recess in the lower part 1 in such a way that they cannot detach from the respective walls in the direction from (outward) the outer surface defined by the walls. Thus, the described locking is carried out for all the molding parts of the lower part 1. The locking provided by the tongue-and-groove connection is preferably gap-free, as a result of which the molding parts effectively reinforce/stiffen the walls of the lower part.

In FIG. 12a-12c show three shape-locks, slightly different from each other, for shape-locking parts that allow the lid to be fixed with screws. To this end, the molding parts 7a', 7a'', 7a'' comprise a screw hole 70a', 70'', 70'''. In FIG. 12a-12c, the same reference numerals are used for the respective elements as in FIG. 4, 7a, 8a and 9a. The mold fixing parts 7a', 7a'' and 7a''' are fixed in a recess 3a1', 3a1'', 3a''' made in the wall 3', 3'', 3''' of the lower part. As illustrated in FIG. 12a-12c, the shape of the protrusions 73a', 73a'', 73a''' of the mold fixing parts 7a', 7a'', 7a''' can vary to a great extent. Fig. 12a-12c further illustrate that the shape fixing parts 7a', 7a'', 7a''' may, instead of the protrusions, have grooves 74a', 74a'' and 74a''' for fixing the shape fixing part by closing in shape in the protrusion 12', 12'', 12''' in the wall 3', 3'', 3''' of the lower part. As is clear from FIG. 12a-12c, the shape of the grooves 74a', 74a'' and 74a''' may vary considerably, and it is possible to use shapes not illustrated in the drawings.

In contrast to FIG. 12a-12c, the shaper may have a groove at both of its opposite edges, corresponding to the shapers 7a ^V and 7a ^VI shown in FIG. 12e and 12f. Obviously, in this case, the recess made in the wall of the lower part must have protrusions for insertion into said grooves.

The shapes of the shape fixing parts 7a', 7a'', 7a''', 7a ^IV , 7a ^V and 7a ^VI shown in FIG. 12a-12f can equally be used for molding pieces of the type where they provide hinge instead of screw fixation (see FIGS. 8a and 8b) or shackle fixation (see FIGS. 9a, 9b).

Thus, with regard to the shape-holding parts and their shapes, one can essentially say that they are separate parts, and to ensure shape-holding, a protrusion and a groove may be present at their opposite edges, and the recesses of the lower part 1 may have a groove or protrusion. In order for the lower part with its form-fixing parts to be rational in production and use, all the recesses of this lower part must be similar to each other; the shapes of all form-fixing parts should also be similar. In this case, any shape fixing piece can be installed in any recess of the lower part, regardless of whether it forms a screw mount, a hinge mount, or a shackle mount.

In FIG. 4 and 5, reference numeral 49a2 denotes a hook formed in a recess 4a made in wall 3. Other walls of the lower part 1 are provided with similar hooks 39a1, 39a2, 59a1, 59a2, 69a1, 69a2. These hooks 39a1, 39a2, 49a1, 49a2, 59a1, 59a2, 69a1, 69a2 are the sides of the through holes 48a2 (see Fig. 5), made in the recesses of the walls 3-6. The task of the hooks 39a1, 39a2, 49a1, 49a2, 59a1, 59a2, 69a1, 69a2 is to prevent undesirable displacement of the form-fixing parts 7a-7 c in the direction of the planes bounded by the walls 3-6 of the lower part 1, from the bottom of the lower part and from the recesses Za1, Za2, 4a1, 4a2, 5a1, 5a2 , 6a1, 6a2. To do this, a locking element 71a, 71b and 71c is provided at the end of the form-fixing parts 7a-7c, which abuts against the bottom 2 of the lower part (see Fig. 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b), and this locking element is fixed in the hooks 39a1, 39a2, 49a1, 49a2, 59a1, 59 a2, 69a1, 69a2. The locking element 71a, 71b and 71c is formed by a flexible protrusion on which a ledge 710a, 710b, 710c is formed (see Figs. 7b, 8b, and 9b). When a shape fixing piece, such as the one shown in FIG. 9b, piece 7c is inserted into a recess such as that shown in FIG. 5 recess 49a2, its locking member 71c comes into contact with the wall of the recess 48a, while the locking member flexes laterally; and, upon further insertion, the lip 710c of the locking member 71c will abut against the flanks of the hole 48a2, fixing the shape-holding piece 7c in the recess 49a2. When the shape-holding piece 7c is removed from the recess, a lateral force is applied to its locking member 71c, for example, with a screwdriver, while the locking member is deflected so that its ledge 710c is detached from the sides of the hole 48a, after which the shape-holding member 7c can be removed from the recess 49a2.

Referring next to FIG. 10. Its purpose is to illustrate that the shape-holding piece 7b', with which the cover 8' is hinged to the bottom part 11', can be made in such a way that its hinged part also does not protrude from the plane defined by the outer surface of the side 3' of the body. The hinge portion 82' on the lid 8' is similarly shaped so that it does not protrude from the body.

The claimed lower part is recommended to be made of plastic. The recommended plastic is ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) or PC (polycarbonate). Alternatively, the lower part may be made of metal. Form-fixing parts are also recommended to be made of plastic. If the form-fixing part contains a shackle, then it is made of metal.

The invention has been described above with the help of illustrative examples, so it should be noted that different features of the invention can be implemented in different ways without going beyond the scope of legal protection defined by the attached claims. Therefore, the number and shape of the recesses and shape fixing parts in the lower part may vary. The lower part 1 of the housing has at least two recesses, which are made in opposite walls of the lower part and in which form-fixing parts are placed. Due to the implementation of at least one set of recesses and form-fixing parts in all walls of the lower part, fastening of the cover to the lower part of the housing becomes possible in a variety of ways - either by its hinged attachment to any wall of the lower part, or by attaching the cover to the lower part with the help of forming parts, to which the cover is attached with screws, and/or with the help of forming parts containing a shackle for attaching the cover to the body. It is also possible to fix the form-fixing parts with only one tongue-and-groove connection, the position of which on the part of the wall bounded by the recess can change. The hooks (see, for example, the hook 49a2 in Fig. 5) formed in the recesses of the lower part, which prevent the movement of the shape fixing parts away from the bottom of the lower part and their detachment from the bottom part, can be represented by parts of the walls of the recess in the lower part, against which the upper edge of the shape fixing part abuts, as a result of which the edge of the shape fixing part having a recess, a hinge part or a bow (see recess 70a in Fig. 7a , the hinge portion 70b in FIG. 8a, or the shackle 70c in FIG. 9a), remains stationary when the shaper is pressed (up) from the bottom of the lower portion. In the last mentioned solution, the shape fixing piece is placed in the recess of the lower part from the bottom side of the lower part, i.e. in the direction opposite to the direction in the above examples, in which the shape fixing part is placed in the recess of the lower part by pressing it against the bottom of the lower part, i.e. from above. As indicated in the disclosure of examples of the invention in the description and in the drawings, the external shape of the shaping parts can vary to a large extent, while still providing shaping.

Claims (16)

1. The lower part (1) of the body of the electrical installation, which contains a rectangular bottom (2), the first wall (3) and the second wall (4) opposite to it, which extend upward from the specified bottom, as well as the third wall (5) and the fourth wall (6) opposite the third wall (5), while the first wall (3) of the lower part (1) has the first latch (30a1) for attaching the cover (8) to the lower part, and the second wall (4) has the first fix torator (40a1) for attaching the lid (8) to the lower part (1), characterized in that the said first latch (30a1) of the first wall (3) contains the first form-fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), which is placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (3a1) formed in the outer surface of the first wall (3) of the lower part (1), wherein the first form-fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), placed in the first recess (3a1), contains a flat outer surface (72a, 72b or 72c) which is in the same plane as the outer surface of the first wall (3), and the first hook (39a1) formed in the first wall (3) configured to prevent the first mold fixing piece (7a, 7b or 7c) placed in the first recess (3a1) from being removed from the lower part (1) in the direction away from the plane bounded by the bottom (2) of the lower part (1) when the locking element ( 71a, 71b or 71c) of the first form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c) is placed with interaction with the first hook (39a1), while the specified first latch (40a1) of the second wall (4) contains the second form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), which is placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (4a1) formed in the outer surface of the second wall (4), and the second form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), placed in the first recess (4a1) of the second wall (4), contains a flat outer surface (72a, 72b or 72c), which is in the same plane as the outer surface of the second wall (4), and the first hook (49a1) formed in the second wall (4), made with the possibility of preventing the extraction of the second form-fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c) placed in the first recess (4a1) of the second wall (4). ), from the lower part (1) in the direction from the plane bounded by the bottom (2) of the lower part (1), when the locking element (71a, 71 b or 71 c) of the second form-fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c) is placed with interaction with the first hook (49a1) formed in the second wall (4), and the first latch (30a1) of the first wall (3) is located diametrically opposite to the first latch (40a1) of the second wall (4 ). 2. The lower part according to claim 1, characterized in that the first forming part (7b) comprises a hinged part (70b) for attaching the lid (8) to the lower part (1) by means of a hinge. 3. The lower part according to claim 1, characterized in that the first form-fixing part (7a) contains a recess (70a) for fastening the cover (8) to the lower part (1) by means of a screw connection. 4. The lower part according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the second form-fixing part (7a, 7c) contains a recess (70a) for fastening the cover (8) with a screw connection to the bottom part (1) or a shackle for attaching the cover (8) to the bottom part (1). 5. The lower part according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second forming parts (7c) contain a shackle (70c) for attaching the cover (8) to the lower part (1). 6. The lower part according to claim 1, characterized in that the first latch of the first wall (3) and the first latch of the second wall (4) are located in the middle of the first wall (3) and the second wall (4). 7. The lower part according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the first recess (3a1) of the first wall (3) is similar to the first recess (4a1) of the second wall (4) so that the form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c) of the first wall (3) can be placed in the first recess (4a1) of the second wall (4). 8. The lower part according to claim 1, characterized in that the third wall (5) contains the first latch containing the first form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), which is placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (6a1) formed in the outer surface of the third wall (5), while the fourth wall (6) contains the first latch (60a1) containing the first form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), which is placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (6a1) formed in the outer surface of the fourth wall (6), while the first latch of the third wall (5) is located diametrically opposite the first latch (60a1) on the fourth wall (6). 9. The lower part according to claim 8, characterized in that the first latch of the third wall (5) and the first latch of the fourth wall (6) are located in the middle of the third wall (5) and the fourth wall (6). 10. The lower part according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that, in addition to the first latch (30a1), the first wall (3) has a second latch (30a2), containing a second shaping part (7a, 7b or 7c), which is placed with the possibility of removal in the second recess (3a2) formed in the outer surface of the first wall (3), and in addition to the first latch (40a1), the second wall (4) has a second latch (40a2), containing the second shape-fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), placed with the possibility of removal in the second recess (4a2), formed in the outer surface of the second wall (4), while the second latch (30a2) of the first wall (3) is located diametrically opposite to the second latch (40a2) of the second wall (4). 11. The lower part according to claim. 10, characterized in that the third wall (5) contains the first latch containing the first shaping part (7a, 7b or 7c), which is placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (5a1) formed in the outer surface of the third wall (5), while the fourth wall (6) contains the first latch (60a1), containing the first shaping part (7a, 7b or 7c), placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (6a1) formed in the outer surface of the fourth wall (6), while the first latch of the third wall (5) is located diametrically opposite the first latch (60a1) of the fourth wall (6). 12. The lower part according to claim 10, characterized in that the third wall (5) contains the first latch containing the first form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), which is placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (5a1) formed in the outer surface of the third wall (5), and the second latch containing the second form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c), placed with the possibility of removal in the second recess (5a2), formed in the outer surface of the third wall (5), moreover, the fourth wall (6) contains the first latch (60a1) containing the first shaping part (7a, 7b or 7c) placed with the possibility of removal in the first recess (6a1) formed in the outer surface of the fourth wall (6), and the second latch (60a2) containing the second shaping part (7a, 7b or 7c) placed with the possibility of removal in the second recess (6a2) formed in the outer surface of the fourth wall (6), wherein the first latch of the third wall (5) is located diametrically opposite to the first latch (60a1) of the fourth wall (6), and the second latch of the third wall (5) is located diametrically opposite to the second latch (60a2) of the fourth wall (6). 13. The lower part according to any one of paragraphs. 8, 9, 11 or 12, characterized in that the recesses (3a1, 3a2, 4a1, 4a2, 5a1, 5a2, 6a1, 6a2) formed in all walls (3-6) of the lower part (1) are similar to each other, so that the shape fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c) of the first wall (3) can be placed in the recess (3a1, 3a2 , 4a1, 4a2, 5a1, 5a2, 6a1, 6a2) of any wall (3-6) of the lower part (1). 14. The lower part according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the first recess (Za1) is limited by a part of the wall formed on the first wall (3), which contains a groove (11) parallel to the plane bounded by the first wall (3) and passing perpendicular to the plane bounded by the bottom (9) of the lower part (1), while the first form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c) has a protrusion (73a, 73b or 73c, respectively), which is made with the possibility fastening the first form-setting piece to the first wall (3) to prevent the first form-setting piece from detaching from the first wall (3) in the direction away from the outer surface bounded by the first wall (3). 15. The lower part according to any one of paragraphs. 1-13, отличающаяся тем, что первое углубление (3а1') ограничено частью стенки, образованной на первой стенке (3', 3'', 3'''), которая содержит выступ (12', 12'', 12'''), параллельный плоскости, ограниченной первой стенкой (3', 3'', 3'''), и проходящий перпендикулярно плоскости, ограниченной дном (9) нижней части, при этом первая формофиксирующая деталь (7а', 7а'', 7а''', 7a ^IV , 7a ^V и 7a ^VI ) имеет паз (74а', 74а'', 74а'''), который выполнен с возможностью крепления первой формофиксирующей детали к первой стенке (3', 3'', 3'''), чтобы предотвратить отсоединение первой формофиксирующей детали от первой стенки (3', 3', 3'') в направлении от внешней поверхности, ограниченной первой стенкой (3', 3', 3''). 16. The lower part according to claim 1, characterized in that said first hook (39a1) formed in the first wall (3) contains sides, and said locking element (71a, 71b or 71c) of the form fixing part (7a, 7b or 7c) contains a flexible protrusion that contains a ledge (710a, 710b, 710c) configured to attach the form fixing part to the specified to the first hook (39a1), while the form-fixing part is made with the possibility of detaching from the lower part (1) by applying force to the flexible protrusion so that it goes beyond the specified first hook (39a1), ensuring the release of the form-fixing part.