RU2799085C2 - Agricultural disk knife with a multi-diameter edge with flat grooves (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: grouser agricultural tillage knife contains a disk having a central hole and made with the possibility of being attached to the tool with the possibility of rotation around the axis of rotation. The disk has an outer circumference and a plurality of stepped flat recesses in the disk from a position essentially at the outer circumference to a central hole. Grouser agricultural tillage knife device contains a disk having a central hole and made with the possibility of attachment to the tool with the possibility of rotation around the axis of rotation. The disk has an outer circumference, a plurality of stepped flat recesses in the disk from a position essentially at the outer circumference to a central hole, and a sleeve attached to the disc around the central hole. Grouser agricultural tillage knife device contains at least two disks. Each disk has a central hole and is rotatable to the tool about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation. Each disk has an outer circumference and a plurality of stepped flat recesses in each disk from a position substantially at the outer circumference to a central hole. On the shaft between at least two disks there is a spacer coil protruding in the radial direction outward from the central hole. Each of the plurality of stepped flat recesses has a depth and a width. The depth is 50% or less of the width.

EFFECT: uniform cut of the soil and a reduction in soil scattering are ensured.

20 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the present invention relates

The present invention generally relates to an improved grouser blade for an agricultural implement such as a tillage disc or cutter, auger or planter, and more particularly to a blade that, due to this shape, resists kickback and provides a uniform cut.

Prerequisites for the invention

Currently, cutters are used in front of a no-till implement - such as a planter - to break up a narrow strip of soil to prepare the soil for the no-till implement to receive. US Pat. No. 7,497,270 issued to Bruce, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, discloses cutters and one method of using them for cultivation and breaking up soil.

The disk may be a flat cutter that is deformed to a convex shape on one side and a concave shape on the other side so that it throws soil in one direction as it travels forward through the ground. Most commonly, discs are used as a plurality of discs arranged side by side in "batteries" or in rows, as shown in Bruce US Pat. No. 6,554,079, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In addition, US Pat. No. 8,100,194 to Bruce, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, details that due to differences in soil types and differences between crops, there is a need for cutters and discs that can be easily adjusted to shape. during production to meet the conditions expected in the field. One such condition is difficult soil types with excess stones and debris resulting in a non-uniform cut produced by the cutter, or a soil type or crop type for which spreading is not desired. As such, there is a need in the art for a cutter that provides a uniform cut and reduces scatter.

The essence of the invention

The invention relates to a device for an agricultural implement knife. The knife is a disk or cutter, generally circular in shape with an outer circumference. A plurality of stepped flat recesses are located on the outer circumference of the disc, with each of the plurality of stepped flat recesses tapering from a predetermined thickness on the radial inner side to a thinner, generally pointed edge on the radially outermost part. In one embodiment of the present invention, each staggered flat has a uniformly deep and pointed edge to provide uniform ground penetration and crop residue size while reducing soil spread. The disc may be generally a curved, flat cutter, or a disc convex on one side and concave on the other.

Brief description of the drawings

The above needs are at least partially satisfied by providing the device described in the following detailed description, in particular when studied in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

In FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the convex side of a concave/convex disc made in accordance with the invention;

In FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the concave side of the disk of FIG. 1;

In FIG. 3 is a plan view of the convex side of the disc in FIG. 1 and 2;

In FIG. 4 is a side view of the disk in FIG. 1-3 but with a bushing attached to the crankshaft;

In FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view of the sleeve of FIG. 6 on the left side of FIG. 4;

In FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the disk and bushing shown in FIG. 4;

In FIG. 7 is a side view of the two discs shown in FIG. 1-3 with spacer coil between adjacent disks;

In FIG. 8 is a schematic view of part of a battery of discs with spacer coils between adjacent discs, showing the direction in which the discs throw off dirt when pulled through an agricultural field;

In FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a cutter according to the present invention;

In FIG. 10 is a side view of the cutter of FIG. 9 with a sleeve attached to it of the type shown in FIG. 4-6;

In FIG. 11 shows a battery of cutters of the type shown in FIG. 9 located on a shaft with spacer coils located between adjacent cutters;

In FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line 13-13 in FIG. 3; A

In FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line 15-15 in FIG. 9.

Elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions and/or relative position of some elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve understanding of various embodiments of the present invention. In addition, common but well understood elements that are useful or necessary in a commercially executable embodiment are often omitted in order to provide a less obstructed overview of these various embodiments of the present invention. Certain actions and/or steps may be described or depicted in the specific order in which they appear, while those skilled in the art will appreciate that such sequence specificity is not really required. The terms and expressions used in this invention have the usual technical meaning assigned to such terms and expressions by those skilled in the art as set forth above, unless other specific meanings have been indicated in this invention.

Detailed Invention Invention

In the following detailed description of the embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of it, and which show, by way of illustration, specific preferred embodiments in which the inventions may be applied. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the inventions, and it should be understood that other embodiments may be used and that mechanical, procedural, and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description should not be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims, together with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

The terminology used here, such as vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, front, rear, end, and sides, is referred to in accordance with the representations. However, it should be understood that the terms are used for purposes of description only and are not intended to be used as limitations. Accordingly, the orientation of an object or combination of objects can be changed without departing from the scope of the invention.

Agricultural Knife

As stated above, the agricultural knife assembly comprises an agricultural knife 10. Each knife 10 may be of any diameter and thickness, and may be made from any suitable material. In a preferred embodiment, knife 10 is preferably 17 to 40 inches in diameter. In yet another preferred embodiment, the thickness of the knife 10 is preferably between 0.180 inches and 0.5 inches. However, an agricultural knife can be of any diameter and thickness without departing from the scope of the invention. In yet another embodiment, knife 10 is made from any suitable material including, but not limited to, metal, steel, hard plastics, and the like. Each knife 10 additionally contains an outer circle 18.

Disk

As indicated above, the farm knife assembly comprises a farm knife 10. In one embodiment of the farm knife assembly, farm knife 10 is a disc 12 that may be convex on one side and concave on the other. Each disc 12 may be of any diameter and thickness and may be made from any suitable material. In a preferred embodiment, disk 12 is preferably 17 to 40 inches in diameter. In yet another preferred embodiment, disc 12 is preferably between 0.180 inches and 0.5 inches thick. However, the disk may be of any diameter and thickness without departing from the scope of the invention. In yet another embodiment, disc 12 is made from any suitable material including, but not limited to, metal, steel, hard plastics, and the like. Each disk 12 additionally contains an outer circumference 18.

Cutter

As noted above, the farm knife assembly comprises a farm knife 10. In one embodiment of the farm knife assembly, farm knife 10 is a cutter 14 that is substantially flat. Each cutter 14 may be of any diameter and thickness, and may be made from any suitable material. In a preferred embodiment, cutter 14 is preferably 17 to 40 inches in diameter. In yet another preferred embodiment, cutter 14 is preferably between 0.125 inches and 0.5 inches thick. In yet another embodiment, cutter 14 is made from any suitable material including, but not limited to, metal, steel, hard plastics, and the like. Each cutter 14 further comprises an outer circumference 18.

Stepped flat notch

As indicated above, the farm knife assembly comprises a farm knife 10. In one embodiment of the farm knife assembly, the farm knife 10 further comprises a stepped flat notch 16 and preferably a plurality of stepped flat notches 16 located at the outer circumference 18 of the farm knife 10. In a preferred embodiment, the agricultural knife comprises at least five stepped flat notches 16. The opening angle of each notch 16 located at the outer circumference 18 is preferably 80 to 135 degrees, or any angle that is suitable to reduce scatter and provide uniform cuts. It should be understood that the recesses 16 may have other shapes and sizes. Preferably, each notch 16 is of the same shape to ensure uniform wear. It is further preferred that the plurality of notches 16 be equidistant from the outer circumference 18. In a preferred embodiment, the spacing should be such that every third of the farm knife 10 contains at least one notch, preferably at least one and a half notches, and preferably at least two notches.

In addition, as mentioned above, the agricultural knife device includes an agricultural knife 10, while the agricultural knife 10 includes a stepped flat recess 16 and preferably a plurality of stepped flat recesses 16 located at the outer circumference 18 of the agricultural knife 10. In one device, as one example , the agricultural knife 10 comprises a plurality of stepped flat notches 16, with each other stepped flat notch 16 being pointed on the opposite side. In another arrangement, the agricultural knife 10 comprises a plurality of stepped flat notches 16, each stepped flat notch 16 being pointed on both sides. In yet another arrangement, the agricultural knife 10 comprises a plurality of stepped flat notches 16, with each stepped flat notch 16 being sharpened on the same side. Any options for sharpening stepped flats 16 including, but not limited to, each stepped flat notch 16 is sharpened in the same way or each stepped flat notch 16 is sharpened in its own unique way (i.e., sharpened on one side, sharpened on both sides, etc. .d.) can be used by the device of an agricultural knife without deviating from the invention. In addition, the stepped flats 16 remain sharp longer than other knives.

In addition, the agricultural knife 10 includes a plurality of stepped flat notches 16 which may be uniform in depth 40 and sharpness so that any force applied to the outer circumference 18 is transmitted uniformly to avoid unevenness in the cut made by the knife 10, whether it be a disc or cutter. In another embodiment, the farm knife 10 includes a plurality of stepped flat notches 16 that can vary in depth 40 and sharpness. In one embodiment, agricultural knife 10 includes a plurality of stepped flat recesses 16, with each stepped flat recess 16 having a depth 40 that is 50% or less of the width 42 of recess 16. In one embodiment, as one example, agricultural knife 10 contains a plurality of stepped flat recesses 16 with different depths, but each stepped flat recess 16 contains a depth 40, which is 50% or less of the width 42 of the corresponding recess 16.

Center Hole, Shaft and Axle

Each of the agricultural knives 10 has a central hole 20 that receives a shaft 32. In an alternative embodiment, each of the agricultural knives 10 has a central hole 20 that receives an axle 22. The central hole 20 may be of any suitable size, shape, and design to accept shaft 32. Similarly, shaft 32 and axle 22 may be of any suitable size, shape, and design.

Sleeve

Each of the agricultural knives 10 has a bushing 24 which provides for the insertion of a shaft 32 or axle 22. The bushing may be of any suitable size, shape and design.

Distance coils

The spacing coil 34 is formed of any suitable size, shape and design and is configured to be positioned between adjacent agricultural knives 10 to provide the correct spacing between the cuts produced by the agricultural implement in the soil. Each of the spacer coils 34 includes a central section and opposite end portions. A shaft hole extends through each of the spacer coils 34. The end portion may have an annular edge or a circumferential portion that is slightly convex to match the internal curvature of the adjacent circular knife 12, or substantially flat to fit the adjacent cutter-knife 14. The opposite end portion also has an annular edge or circumferential portion that is slightly concave to match the outer curvature of the adjacent circular knife 12, or substantially flat to match the adjacent cutter-knife 14. In an alternative embodiment, one end portion may be slightly smaller in diameter than opposite end part, since it has been experimentally found that agricultural knives 10 are less prone to breakage if coils of different diameters are located on their opposite sides.

Threaded fastener

The threaded fastener 26 is formed of any suitable size, shape and design, and is configured to press against the surface of the sleeve 24 while tightening the agricultural knife 10 into a firm engagement with the sleeve 24. The use of the threaded fastener 26 provides a seal between the sleeve 24 and the agricultural knife 10 .

In the device shown, as one example, the threaded fastener 26 is a generally cylindrical elongate member having a first threaded end and a head. The first threaded end and head are coaxially aligned with each other. That is, the central axis of rotation of the first threaded end and the head are aligned with each other, although the diameters or shapes or features of the first threaded end and the head may be different. The first threaded end and the head may have the same diameter or different diameters.

Also shown in this example is a head located at the end of the threaded fastener 26. The head is any element or device that allows the threaded fastener 26 to be gripped and the threaded fastener 26 to be rotated. In the device shown, as one example, the head is generally cylindrical and has a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the first threaded end. This head contains a plurality of flat surfaces on opposite sides of the head. These flat surfaces allow a wrench or other tool to grip the head and apply torque to it. This can be helpful during the installation process. Thus, it is contemplated for use that the head may have any other shape, for example, a hex head element, a square head element, a recessed hex socket, a recessed square socket, a recessed flat head element that accepts a flat head screwdriver, a Philips recessed head that accepts a Phillips head screwdriver, a slot, a pair of crossed slots, or any other element that can be used to impart rotation. In this device, when the first threaded end is inserted into the sleeve 24, the head protrudes out of the sleeve 24, thereby allowing easy access to the head. In this device, as soon as the first threaded end is inserted into the sleeve 24, the tool engages the head, thereby transmitting rotation to the threaded fastener 26 or preventing the threaded fastener 26 from rotating.

screw

Also shown in this example is a nut 30 located at the end of a threaded fastener 26 opposite the head and coaxially aligned with the head. The nut 30 is any element or device that allows the threaded fastener 26 to be gripped and the threaded fastener 26 to be rotated and remain in close engagement with the sleeve 24 and the agricultural knife 10. In the illustrated device, by way of example, the nut 30 has a generally cylindrical shape and diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the first threaded end. Nut 30 includes a plurality of flat surfaces on opposite sides of nut 30. These flat surfaces allow a wrench or other tool to grip nut 30 and apply torque to it. This can be helpful during the installation process. Thus, it is contemplated for use that the nut 30 may be of any other shape, such as a hex head element, a square head element, or any other element that can be used to impart rotation. In this device, when the first threaded end is inserted into the sleeve 24 and the nut 30, the nut protrudes outward from the agricultural knife 10, thereby providing easy access to the nut 30. In this device, as soon as the first threaded end is inserted into the nut 30, the tool grasps the nut 30, thereby imparting rotation to the nut 30 or preventing rotation of the threaded fastener 26.

During operation

With reference now to FIG. 1-3 and 12, the farm knife 10 has a plurality of stepped flat notches 16 located at the outer circumference 18 of the disc 12 or cutter 14. The cross section shown in FIG. 12 shows a cross section of the disk 12 and the stepped flat recesses 16.

An important difference between the farm knife 10 and the farm knives of the prior art is that the stepped flats 16 are of equal depth and sharpness so that any force applied to the outer circumference 18 will be transmitted uniformly to avoid unevenness in the cut made by the knife. , be it a disc or a cutter. In the preferred embodiment, the disc 12 or cutter 14 is connected to a fastening device, such as a bushing 24 (FIGS. 4-6) on the crankshaft 22 or a spacer coil 34 (FIGS. 7 and 8), which separates and holds the discs 12 in place along the shaft 32, which provides rotation around the axis of rotation. In one embodiment, the axis of rotation is substantially horizontal. The disk battery 36 shown in FIG. 9, or the torch battery 38 shown in FIG. 12 may have a non-circular center hole with a complementary shaped shaft in the non-circular center hole so that the shaft and discs or cutters all rotate together as a unit. In one embodiment, spacer coil 34 is positioned on shaft 32 between two discs 12 or between two cutters 14, and spacer coil 34 protrudes radially outward for a distance.

In addition, as described above, in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concave/convex disc made in accordance with the inventions. However, in another embodiment, the side of the disk shown in FIG. 1 may be concave without departing from the invention. In addition, as described above, in FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a concave/convex disc. However, in another embodiment, the side of the disk shown in FIG. 2 may be convex without departing from the invention.

In FIG. 6 shows that sleeve 24 is preferably attached to disk 12 around central opening 20 by placing threaded fasteners 26, such as bolts, through substantially coaxial passages 28 in sleeve 24, through substantially coaxial passages 28 passing through disk 12 or cutter 14. which ensures that sleeve 24 is securely fastened to disk 12. Nuts 30 are threaded to the ends of threaded fasteners 26 to hold sleeve 24 on disk 12. FIG. 4-6 show that the sleeve 24 conforms to the surface of the disc 12. The sleeve 24 shown in FIG. 10 preferably has the same external shape as shown in FIG. 4-6. In one embodiment, the center hole is adapted for attachment to an agricultural implement, such as a disc cultivator, disc seeder, or planter.

The second embodiment of the invention, shown by way of example only, is a cutter 14, shown in FIG. 9-11 and 13. The only difference between cutter 14 in FIG. 9-11 and 13 and disc 12 in FIG. 1-3 is that the cutter 14 is generally flat, while the disk 12 may be convex on one side and concave on the other.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a large number of modifications, changes, and combinations may be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such modifications, changes, and combinations should be considered to be within the scope of the invention. inventive concept expressed in the attached claims.

Claims (37)

1. Grouser agricultural tillage knife, containing: a disk having a central hole and configured to be attached to the tool with the possibility of rotation around the axis of rotation; while the disk has an outer circumference and a plurality of stepped flat recesses in the disk from a position essentially at the outer circumference to the central hole, wherein each of the plurality of stepped flat recesses has a depth and a width, and the depth is 50% or less than the width. 2. A tillage knife according to claim 1, wherein the stepped flat recesses are of the same depth. 3. Tillage knife according to paragraphs. 1, 2, in which the disk is convex on one side and concave on the other. 4. Tillage knife according to paragraphs. 1, 2, in which the disk is essentially flat. 5. Tillage knife according to paragraphs. 1-4, in which the sleeve is attached to the disk around the central hole. 6. Tillage knife according to paragraphs. 1-5 wherein substantially coaxial passages extend through the knife and through the sleeve and threaded fasteners extend through the coaxial passages to hold the sleeve attached to the knife. 7. Tillage knife according to paragraphs. 1-6, in which the spacer coil is located on a shaft between two discs and the spacer coil projects radially outward. 8. Groove agricultural tillage knife device, containing: a disk having a central hole and configured to be attached to the tool with the possibility of rotation around the axis of rotation; while the disk has an outer circumference; a plurality of stepped flat recesses in the disk from a position essentially at the outer circumference to the central hole; And a sleeve attached to the disk around the central hole, wherein each of the plurality of stepped flat recesses has a depth and a width, and the depth is 50% or less than the width. 9. The apparatus of claim. 8, in which essentially coaxial passages pass through the knife and through the sleeve and threaded fasteners pass through coaxial passages to hold the sleeve attached to the knife. 10. The device according to paragraphs. 8, 9, further comprising at least two disks. 11. The device according to paragraphs. 8-10, in which the spacer coil is located on a shaft between two disks and the spacer coil projects radially outward. 12. The device according to paragraphs. 8-11, in which the stepped flat recesses have the same depth. 13. The device according to paragraphs. 8-12, in which the disk is convex on one side and concave on the other. 14. The device according to paragraphs. 8-12 in which the disk is substantially flat. 15. Groove agricultural tillage knife device, containing: at least two disks, each disk having a central hole and configured to be attached to the tool with the possibility of rotation about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation; each disc has an outer circumference; And a plurality of stepped flat recesses in each disc from a position essentially at the outer circumference to the central hole; And moreover, the spacer coil is located on the shaft between at least two disks and the spacer coil protrudes in the radial direction outward from the central hole, wherein each of the plurality of stepped flat recesses has a depth and a width, and the depth is 50% or less than the width. 16. The device according to claim 15, in which the stepped flat recesses have the same depth. 17. The device according to paragraphs. 15, 16, in which each disc is convex on one side and concave on the other. 18. The device according to paragraphs. 15, 16, in which each disc is substantially flat. 19. The device according to paragraphs. 15-18, in which a bushing is attached to each disc around a central hole. 20. The device according to paragraphs. 15-19 wherein substantially coaxial passages extend through each disc and through the hub and threaded fasteners extend through the coaxial passages to hold the hub attached to each disc.

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