RU2796167C1 - Small arms with fire control system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: small arms.

SUBSTANCE: small arms with a fire control system contains: a receiver with a barrel, a gas chamber, a gas piston with a rod, a bolt carrier with a bolt, a return mechanism, a trigger box with a trigger mechanism located in it, containing a single-fire sear, a trigger, an interpreter sector and trigger, control handle. The handle contains a control unit electrically connected to the rate of fire switch and the shot queue cutoff switch, the position sensor of the interpreter sector flags, the trigger position sensor and the electric drive. An electric drive connector, which interacts with the electric drive by means of a rod and with the trigger through a protrusion made on the side surface of the trigger is installed. The trigger mechanism contains a self-timer connector, the trigger is configured to hold the trigger in the cocked position. In the body of the trigger box there is a connector for connecting an external signal source, electrically connected to the control unit.

EFFECT: enabling the control of firing modes, reducing the influence of the human factor on firing process in all firing modes, increasing safety when handling weapons, the possibility of integrating weapons into fire control systems.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to small arms and can be used in small arms or devices structurally similar to small arms.

A well-known design of a firearm with an electromechanical trigger mechanism (US patent No. 8807007 dated May 17, 2012, F41A 19/59), in which you can control the rate of fire and the number of shots during firing, the electromechanical trigger mechanism consists of a trigger, the main whispered and whispered single firing, fuse, trigger, electromagnetic drive, circuit closing button, control unit with a battery. To fire a shot, you must press the trigger until it contacts the button to close the circuit, after which the signal about the readiness to fire a shot will go to the control unit, and then to the electromagnetic drive that turns the main sear. When turning, the protrusion of the main sear disengages from the cocking of the trigger, releasing the trigger, after which the trigger rotates relative to the axis under the action of the mainspring and strikes the drummer, which strikes the cartridge primer, after which a small arms shot is fired.

The disadvantage of the design is insufficient safety in controlling the rate of fire, since when the trigger is moved to the limit position relative to the initial position, the electromagnetic drive does not provide control of the rate of fire and the number of shots in the queue due to the fact that at the limit position of the trigger, its front protrusion turns the main sear more angle than necessary. As a result, the protrusion of the main sear can not in all cases interact with the cocking of the trigger and intercept it at the moment of cocking.

A well-known design of a firearm with an electromechanical trigger mechanism (US patent No. 10113823 dated 12/20/2016, F41A 19/59), in which the device of the electromechanical trigger mechanism allows you to select one of the firing modes using a fuse translator: single firing mode, continuous firing and electromagnetic drive firing. On the handle there are controls for selecting the required mode of operation when firing in the mode with an electromagnetic drive.

The disadvantage of the design is the low safety when handling weapons due to the fact that the massive core of the electromagnet, which rotates the main sear that holds the trigger, is subject to movement under the action of inertial loads, which, if the weapon falls, can cause an unintended shot.

A common disadvantage of the known devices is their limited scope only as stand-alone fire control devices without the possibility of integration with fire control systems to provide automated firing on command.

The technical objective of the claimed invention is to increase the functional reliability, performance and expand the scope.

The technical result consists in providing the ability to control firing modes, reducing the influence of the human factor on the firing process in all firing modes, safety when handling weapons, the possibility of integrating weapons into fire control systems, for example, as part of instrument-sighting systems for small arms or combat control systems. robotic complexes.

The task is achieved by the fact that small arms with a fire control system contains: a receiver with a barrel, a gas chamber, a gas piston with a rod, a bolt carrier with a bolt, a return mechanism, a trigger box with a trigger mechanism located in it, containing a single firing sear , the trigger, the interpreter sector and the trigger, the control handle, in which the control unit is located, electrically connected to the rate of fire switch and the shot queue cut-off switch, with the position sensor of the interpreter sector flags, with the trigger position sensor and with an electric drive, an electric drive sear is additionally introduced , interacting with the electric drive through a rod, and with the trigger, through a protrusion made on the side surface of the trigger, and the trigger mechanism additionally contains a self-timer sear, moreover, the trigger is configured to hold the trigger in the cocked position, and a connector for connection of an external signal source, electrically connected to the control unit.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the rate of fire switch and the cutoff switch of the queue of shots are located on the panel installed at the bottom of the control handle and are made with the possibility of discrete switching; in the trigger box, there is additionally installed a position sensor of the translator of the electric drive sear, made in the form of a rotary flag, position sensors: flags of the translator sector, the trigger and the translator of the electric drive sear, located in the trigger box body. Position sensors: flags of the interpreter sector, trigger and interpreter of the electric drive sear are made in the form of non-contact Hall sensors.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 - General view of small arms with a fire control system with a longitudinal section on the right side of the trigger box assembly;

figure 2 - General view of small arms with a fire control system with a longitudinal section on the left side of the trigger box assembly;

figure 3 - General view of the trigger box assembly, translator sear electric drive in the on position;

figure 4 - General view of the trigger box assembly, the translator whispered the drive in the off position;

For ease of presentation of the operation of small arms, the following parts of the weapon are not shown in the figures presented: the barrel, the bolt carrier with the bolt, the receiver, the gas chamber, the gas piston with the rod, and the return mechanism.

Small arms with a fire control system consists of a trigger box 1 made as a single body part with a handle, for example, in the form of a pistol grip for controlling the weapon. In the trigger box 1, the trigger mechanism 2 and the electric drive 3 with the stem 4 are installed on the seats. In the lower part of the handle of the trigger box 1, the handle cover 5 is installed on the seat, and there is also a control unit 6 with a power control element (not shown), a battery 7, a switch 8 for the rate of fire and a switch 9 for cutting off the burst of shots.

The trigger mechanism 2 contains: electric sear 10, electric sear spring 11, trigger 12, trigger 13, translator sector 14, axis 15, single firing sear 16, self-timer sear 17, electric sear translator 18 (figure 4) and flags 19 sector 14 of the translator (Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

The sear 10 of the electric drive is mounted on the axis 15 of the firing mechanism 2. In the front part, the sear 10 of the electric drive has a side protrusion 20 and a working protrusion 21. The side protrusion 20 has a supporting surface for interacting with the interpreter 18 of the electric sear. In the rear part of the sear 10 of the electric drive, a restrictive protrusion 22 and a shank 23 are made for the supporting end of the spring 11 of the sear of the electric drive.

The trigger 13 has two combat platoons 24 and a self-timer platoon 25 for interacting with the self-timer sear 17. Combat platoons 24 are designed to hold the trigger 13 on the working ledge 26 of the trigger 12 and the working ledge 21 of the sear 10 of the electric drive.

The translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive (figure 3 and 4) contains: the axis 27, the sleeve 28, the pin 29 and the box 30 with the socket 31 and the spring 32. The translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive is installed in the hole of the trigger box 1. On the axis 27 is made a cam protrusion 33 (figure 2) to interact with the bearing surface of the side protrusion 20 of the sear 10 of the electric drive.

The electric actuator 3 with the rod 4 is electrically connected to the control unit 6, which in turn is connected to the switch 8 rate of fire, the switch 9 cut off the queue of shots, with the position sensor of the trigger 12, the position sensor of the flags 19 of the translator sector, the position sensor of the translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive (to simplify the presentation, the sensors are not shown in the figures) and with battery 7.

The trigger position sensor 12, the position sensor of the flags 19 of the interpreter sector, the position sensor of the interpreter 18 of the sear of the electric drive are installed in the side walls of the trigger box 1.

In the trigger 12, in the flag 19 of the interpreter sector, in the interpreter 18 of the drive sear, magnetic marks 34 (figure 2), 35 (figure 4) and 36 (figure 3) are installed, respectively, representing, for example, permanent magnets. The magnetic mark 34 of the trigger 12, the magnetic mark 35 of the flag 19 of the translator sector and the magnetic mark 36 of the translator 18 of the drive sear are in the sensitivity zone of the trigger position sensor 12, the position sensor of the flags 19 of the translator sector and the position sensor of the translator 18 of the drive sear, respectively. As sensors, for example, Hall sensors can be used.

In the rear part of the trigger box 1, above the weapon control handle, a connector 37 is installed for connecting an external signal source, for example, in order to use small arms as part of a fire control instrumentation and sighting system.

Instead of connector 37, an additional data receiver can be used, for example, in the form of a wireless communication module. To increase reliability and ensure compactness, the wires of the sensors, switches, and connector can be located in the body of the material of the trigger box 1.

Let us consider in more detail the operation of small arms with a fire control system in various operating modes.

For the operation of the mechanisms of small arms during firing, the energy of the powder gases discharged from the bore into the gas chamber is used. When fired, part of the powder gases following the bullet rushes through the hole in the barrel wall into the gas chamber, and expanding in the gas chamber, acts on the gas piston of the rod, while throwing the bolt frame with the bolt to the rear position.

When the bolt frame moves back, the bolt is unlocked, which removes the sleeve from the chamber and throws it out with the help of a reflective protrusion. The bolt frame compresses the return spring and cocks the trigger 13. The trigger 13 is held by the self-timer platoon 25 on the self-timer sear 17.

The bolt carrier with the bolt returns to the forward position under the action of a return spring. The shutter at the same time sends the cartridge from the magazine into the chamber and closes the bore. The shutter frame removes the self-timer sear 17 from under the self-timer cocking 25 of the trigger 13, after which the next shot can be fired, depending on which of the shooting modes has been selected. Small arms with a fire control system provide firing in the following modes:

1.1 single firing with mechanical control;

1.2 automatic firing with mechanical control;

1.3 single firing with electromechanical control;

1.4 automatic firing with electromechanical control;

2.1 single firing with electromechanical control from an external source of signals;

2.2 automatic firing with electromechanical control from an external signal source.

With mechanical control, the shot is carried out by pressing the trigger 12, holding the trigger 13 on the cocking 24.

With electromechanical control, the shot is carried out by pressing the trigger 12, while the sear 10 of the electric drive holding the trigger 13 on the cocking 24 is driven by the rod 4 of the electric drive 3.

For firing with mechanical control, it is necessary that the translator 18 of the electric sear is in the off position, as shown in Fig.4.

For firing with electromechanical control, it is necessary that the translator 18 of the electric sear is in the on position, as shown in Fig.3.

Single firing with mechanical control (mode 1.1) is carried out as follows:

The translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive is in the off position (figure 4), while the electric drive 3 with the rod 4 and the sear 10 of the electric drive are not involved in the operation of the firing mechanism 2.

Flags 19 of the translator sector are set to the “single shooting” position, this allows you to fire only one shot when you press the trigger 12, while for the next shot you need to release the trigger 12 and press it again, since the trigger 13 is held by the sear 16 of single shooting .

If the flags 19 of the translator sector are set to the “automatic firing” position, this allows two or more shots to be fired when the trigger 12 is pressed (automatic firing with mechanical control - mode 1.2). To stop firing, release the trigger 12, after which the trigger with its cocking 24 stands on the working ledge 26 of the trigger 12.

Single shooting with electromechanical control (mode 1.3) is carried out as follows:

The translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive is in the on position (figure 3), while the sear 10 of the electric drive is involved in the operation of the firing mechanism 2, while the control unit 6 reads the signal from the position sensor of the translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive to turn on the electric drive 3 with the stem 4 in operation of the firing mechanism 2.

The flags 19 of the translator sector are set to the “single shooting” position, which allows, when the trigger 12 is pressed, only one shot is fired, while when the trigger 12 is pressed, the magnetic mark 34 installed in it falls into the range of the trigger position sensor 12 , which transmits information about the position of the trigger 12 to the control unit 6, from which a signal is sent to the electric drive 3, which moves the rod 4. Moving, the rod 4 turns the sear 10 of the electric drive, which releases the trigger 13 for firing.

To fire the next shot, you must release the trigger 12 and press it again, since the trigger 13 is held by the sear 16 of single firing.

When using a system for single firing with electromechanical control (1.3), there is a decrease in the effect on the weapon in the process of aiming by the shooter when the trigger is actuated in all firing modes.

Automatic firing with electromechanical control (mode 1.4) is carried out as follows:

The translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive is in the on position (figure 3), then the sear 10 of the electric drive is activated in the operation of the trigger mechanism 2, while the control unit 6 reads the signal from the position sensor of the translator 18 of the sear of the electric drive to turn on the electric drive 3 with the stem 4 to work trigger mechanism 2. Flags 19 of the translator sector are in the “automatic shooting” position.

If it is necessary to change the rate of fire, the required rate of fire is selected by the switch 8 of the rate of fire, the value from the switch 8 of the rate of fire is transmitted to the control unit 6, which regulates the time of the period of operation of the electric drive 3, as a result of which the release of the trigger 13 by the sear 10 of the electric drive occurs at certain points in time corresponding to given rate of fire.

If it is necessary to change the cutoff of the number of shots in the firing queue with the flags 19 of the translator sector set to the "automatic firing" position, the required number of shots in the queue is selected by the switch 9 of the cutoff of the queue of shots, while the value from the switch 9 of the cutoff of the queue of shots is transmitted to the control unit 6, which regulates the number of actuations of the electric drive 3, as a result of which the release of the trigger 13 by the sear 10 of the electric drive occurs a predetermined number of times.

Similarly to the modes of single and automatic firing with electromechanical control (1.3 and 1.4), in the mode of single and automatic firing with electromechanical control from an external signal source (2.1 and 2.2), for firing a shot, the electric drive 3 is triggered when a command is given from the control unit 6, while the control unit 6 receives a command from an external signal source.

As a control unit 6, a microcontroller can be used, which incorporates counters and timers that provide control over the execution of the control program.

To monitor the device's performance, for example, an indicator in the form of an LED or a microvibration motor can be installed in the control unit 6, which is triggered by a signal from the trigger position sensor 12 when the trigger 12 is pressed.

The control unit 6 can be made in the form of a device that sends data on the selected firing modes and information from the trigger position sensor 12, as well as other service information, for example, the charge level of the battery 7 through the connector 37 to an external signal source.

The proposed design of small arms with a fire control system allows the use of an external signal source to set up the system, for example, as part of the instrument-sighting systems of the fire control system for small arms, as part of automated combat systems, or in a remotely controlled combat module.

The advantage over existing models is the presence of a built-in electric drive, which eliminates the need for additional drives in the combat module to act on the trigger part, and as a result, increases the reliability of the system.

The scope of the claims is not limited to the proposed embodiments set forth in the description, and may have a broad interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.

Claims (5)

1. Small arms with a fire control system, including a receiver with a barrel, a gas chamber, a gas piston with a rod, a bolt carrier with a bolt, a return mechanism, a trigger box with a trigger mechanism located in it, containing a single-shot sear, trigger, sector interpreter and trigger, a control handle in which the control unit is located, electrically connected to the rate of fire switch and the shot queue cut-off switch, with the position sensor of the interpreter sector flags, with the trigger position sensor and with an electric drive, characterized in that an electric drive sear is additionally introduced , which interacts with the electric drive through the rod and with the trigger through a protrusion made on the side surface of the trigger, and the trigger mechanism additionally comprises a self-timer sear, wherein the trigger is configured to hold the trigger in the cocked position, and a connector for connecting an external signal source is located in the trigger box body, electrically connected to the control unit. 2. Small arms according to claim. 1, characterized in that the rate of fire switch and the switch for cutting off the queue of shots are located on a panel installed at the bottom of the control handle and are made with the possibility of discrete switching. 3. Small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger box additionally has a position sensor for the translator of the electric drive sear, made in the form of a rotary flag. 4. Small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that the position sensors: the flags of the translator sector, the trigger and the translator of the electric drive sear are located in the trigger box housing. 5. Small arms according to claim 4, characterized in that the position sensors: the flags of the interpreter sector, the trigger and the interpreter of the sear of the electric drive are made in the form of contactless Hall sensors.

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