RU2795153C1 - Method for geocryological monitoring and assessment of the condition of roads in the permafrost zone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: geocryological monitoring.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for geocryological monitoring of roads. Temperature and humidity in the active layer of soil, thickness of snow cover, surface temperature of the roadway and heat fluxes of the roadway are controlled on a road section. In addition, the temperature, wind strength and precipitation near the road section are measured. Temperature control in the active soil layer is carried out by drilling thermometric wells and conducting thermometric observations in them using temperature sensors. Thermometric wells are drilled to a depth of 15-20 m and equipped with thermometric pipes for the entire depth. At the same time, one well is located in the middle of the roadway, two more wells are located on the slopes of the road embankment, and two more wells are located off the road on both sides of the roadway in the natural landscape.

EFFECT: improving the accuracy of assessing the condition of roads in the permafrost zone.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to systems for geocryological monitoring of permafrost soils and is intended for monitoring (evaluating) the state of roads in the permafrost zone and their efficient operation.

Known "METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING THE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOILS" RU 2361208 [1], which consists in installing a sensor for measuring the temperature of the vapor-liquid phase of the soil in the bottom zone of the base, measuring the temperature of the vapor-liquid phase before and after applying a dynamic load and determining the difference between the measured parameters in the same base zone install a sensor to measure the relative electrical conductivity of the soil, measure the relative electrical conductivity of the soil.

The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of monitoring and assessing the state of highways in permafrost.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the "METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE STABILITY OF THE BOARDS OF PITS, Dumps AND STRUCTURES FROM FROZEN ROCK" RU 2684543 [2] including the installation of temperature and humidity sensors in the active layer of the structure.

The disadvantages of the method is the low accuracy of monitoring and assessing the state of roads in permafrost, due to the lack of consideration of the contribution of the seasonal component.

The technical result is to increase the accuracy of monitoring and assessing the state of roads in the permafrost zone.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of geocryological monitoring and assessment of the state of roads in the permafrost zone, including monitoring the temperature in the active layer of soil by drilling thermometric wells and conducting thermometric observations in them using temperature sensors, monitoring humidity in the active layer of soil, monitoring the thickness of the snow cover , collection and processing of information for further analysis, is characterized by the fact that thermometric wells are drilled to a depth of 15-20 m and equipped with thermometric pipes to the full depth, while one well is located in the middle of the roadway, two more wells are located on the slopes of the road embankment and another two wells - outside the road on both sides of the roadway in the natural landscape, additionally monitor the surface temperature of the roadway and monitor the heat fluxes of the roadway, and also measure the temperature, wind strength and precipitation near the monitoring site.

To monitor heat flows, heat meters installed under the roadway can be used, which will allow estimating heat flows and further increasing the monitoring accuracy.

A weather station (with continuous recording of temperature, wind strength, rainfall) can be used to increase monitoring accuracy.

As a device for near-surface monitoring of snow cover, snow gauges with contrast marks located in the field of view of a digital camera can be used. The use of digital cameras will reduce the environmental impact of the measurement process, further improving the accuracy of snow depth measurements.

Data from all sensors and the weather station are transmitted to the central processing center, which records and processes data from all sensors and gives the result.

Implementation of the invention:

Schematically, the method is shown in the drawing (section), where:

1. gravel-sandy loam embankment with a roadbed;

2. loam;

3. ice;

4. underground ice;

5. upper roof of permafrost;

6. boundary of soil layers;

7. isotherms;

8. thermometric wells, their number;

9. heat meters;

10. humidity sensors; 11. snow gauges;

12. Surveillance cameras;

13. weather station.

The method is carried out as follows:

The natural landscape consists of underground ice 4, pure ice 3, a layer of loam 2. The boundary of the soil layers is shown 6. An embankment 1 with a roadbed is arranged on the surface of the loam. After the construction of the embankment, isotherms 7 and the upper roof of permafrost 5 shift depending on the average temperature on the surface and on the seasonal component.

Thermometric wells 8 run vertically from the surface. Heat meters 9 are installed under the canvas and under the surface of the natural landscape. Moisture sensors 10 can be installed in the body of the embankment and directly below it. Snow gauges 11 are installed along the edges of the embankment and on the surface of the natural landscape adjacent to the embankment. Surveillance cameras 12 are installed so that snow poles fall into the field of view of the cameras. Weather station 13 is located in the vicinity of the road section.

In key areas, thermometric wells are being drilled to a depth of 15-20 m with the selection of soil samples for physical and mechanical properties (in Fig.). These wells should be installed as follows:

- one well in the middle of the roadway;

- two wells on the slopes of the road fill;

- two wells off the road on both sides of the canvas in a natural landscape.

Boreholes must be equipped with thermometric pipes to the full depth. Temperature sensors must be installed in thermometric pipes in accordance with GOST 25358-2012 “SOILS. Field temperature determination method”. To obtain more detailed data with a continuous series of soil temperature records, thermocouples with a logger system are used.

All the information received will be compiled into databases with operational processing and analysis. This will make it possible to comprehensively, using an array of obtained field data and mathematical modeling, prepare recommendations for technical solutions that take into account the peculiarities of engineering and cryological conditions of key sections of the highway for the period of its construction, overhaul and operation.

The technical result of improving the accuracy of monitoring and assessing the state of roads in the permafrost zone is achieved by taking into account the influence of precipitation and the surface temperature of the object on the temperature regime of the road section and predicting the deterioration of its condition in a timely manner. In this case, it becomes possible to take into account the variation of seasonal weather conditions (cold winter, extended summer, etc.) on the state of the temperature field and the state of the road.

Industrial application. The proposed method of geocryological monitoring can be successfully used to assess the state of roads in the permafrost zone.

Claims (4)

1. A method for geocryological monitoring of roads in the permafrost zone, including temperature monitoring in the active soil layer by drilling thermometric wells and conducting thermometric observations in them using temperature sensors, monitoring humidity in the active soil layer, monitoring snow cover thickness, collecting and processing information for further analysis, characterized in that thermometric wells are drilled to a depth of 15-20 m and equipped with thermometric pipes to the full depth, while one well is located in the middle of the roadway, two more wells are located on the slopes of the road embankment and two more wells are off the road from both sides of the roadway in the natural landscape, additionally monitor the surface temperature of the roadway and monitor the heat fluxes of the roadway, as well as measure the temperature, wind strength and precipitation near the monitoring site. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring of the heat fluxes of the roadway is carried out using heat meters installed under the roadway. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature, wind strength and precipitation near the monitoring site are measured using a weather station. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring of the thickness of the snow cover is performed using snow gauges with contrast marks located in the field of view of a digital camera.

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