RU2794858C1 - Grain cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering; grain cleaning machines.

SUBSTANCE: agricultural engineering, in particular grain cleaning machines with brush cleaning sieves. Grain cleaning machine contains a frame, sieve stands with sieves movably mounted inside the frame at an angle to the horizon, brush frames with a device for pressing brushes against the sieves, movably mounted on the guides of the sieve stands, a crank mechanism transmitting plane-parallel vibrations to the sieve stands. At the same time, the frames of the brushes are movably connected by means of leashes to one of the ends of the two-arm levers, the axes of which are mounted on the frame of the grain cleaning machine, and the second ends of these two-arm levers are movably connected by means of leashes to sieve stands, which ensures the movement of sieve stands and brush frames in opposite directions, due to which the number of brushes in the brush part is significantly reduced. The brushes in the brush part are installed with a step equal to the oscillation range of the sieve mills 2R plus the ratio of the length of the part of the two-arm levers connected by leashes to the brush frames l _b, to the second part of these two-arm levers, which are connected by means of leashes with sieve stands l _s, multiplied by the range of vibrations of the sieve mill 2R. The leashes are adjustable in length.

EFFECT: increase in productivity of grain cleaning machines and a reduction in energy costs.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to grain cleaning machines with brush cleaning sieves.

A known method of cleaning sieves and a device for its implementation (SU 1755945 A1, 1990, B07V 1/50), containing a frame with a sieve mill mounted on hangers with a sieve, a movable brush frame along the guides and a device for pressing the brushes to the sieve, crank drive mechanisms of the sieve mill and brushes.

The device, thanks to the variable size of the brush frame drive crank, can be adjusted to higher performance. However, due to the presence in the device of the drive mechanisms of the sieve pan and the brush frame, it has a complex design.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device, selected as a prototype, is a grain cleaning machine (RU 2766895 C1, 2021, B07V 1/50), containing a frame, sieve mills with sieves movably mounted inside the frame at an angle to the horizon, brush frames with a device for the brushes pressed against the sieve, movably mounted on the guides of the sieve mills, a crank mechanism that imparts a plane-parallel oscillation to the sieve mill, the brushes on the brush frames are installed with a step equal to or less than the oscillation span of the sieve mill, and the brush frames themselves are connected to the frame of the grain cleaning machine by means of levers connected to the frame of the grain cleaning machine and frames of the brushes movably by means of hinged supports, and the hinged supports of fastening the levers to the frame of the grain cleaning machine are movable in horizontal and vertical planes and fixed by clamps.

Installation of brushes within brushes with a step equal to or less than the size of the swing of the sieve pan leads to the installation of a large number of brushes, which greatly reduce (overlap) the living section of the sieves, therefore, their throughput is significantly reduced, which leads to a decrease in the productivity of the grain cleaning machine.

Therefore, the objective of the claimed invention is to reduce the number of brushes within the brushes, which will increase the performance of grain cleaning machines and reduce energy costs.

The problem is solved by the fact that the grain cleaning machine contains a frame, sieve stands with sieves, movably mounted inside the frame at an angle to the horizon, a frame of brushes with a device for pressing the brushes to the sieves, movably mounted on the guides of the sieve stands, a crank mechanism that informs the sieve stands plane-parallel vibrations.

Unlike the prototype, in the proposed grain cleaning machine, the frames of the brushes are movably connected by means of leashes to one of the ends of the two-arm levers, the axes of which are mounted on the frame of the grain-cleaning machine, and the second ends of these two-arm levers are movably connected to the screen mills by means of the leashes, and the brushes within the brushes are mounted with step equal to the swing of oscillations of the screen stands plus the ratio of the length of a part of the two-arm levers to their axis, connected movably by leashes with frames of brushes to the second parts of the two-arm levers, which are movably connected by means of leashes to the sieve stand, multiplied by the swing of the oscillations of the sieve stand, while the leashes have the ability to length adjustment.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by a drawing, which provides a General diagram of the grain cleaning machine.

The following designations are adopted in the drawing: 1 - grain cleaning machine frame; 2 - sieve mill; 3 - hinged support on the frames of the brushes; 4 - hinged support on the sieve frame; 5 and 6 - leashes; 7 - two-arm lever; 8 - axis of the two-arm lever mounted on the frame; 9 - input; 10 - brush frame; 11 - suspension; 12 - sieve; 13 - suspension; 14 - output of refined grain; 15 - brush; 16 - roller; 17 - mechanism for preloading brushes; 18 - output of small impurities; 19 - hinged support of the connecting rod; 20 - connecting rod; 21 - crank hinge; 22 - crank; 23 - crank support; 24 - guide; ZS - grain mixture; O3-refined grain; MP - fine impurities; ω - crank rotation speed; R is the radius of the crank; L - brush installation step; α - the angle of installation of the sieve pan to the horizon.

Grain cleaning machine works as follows. The crank 22, rotating at a speed of CO around the support 23 through the connecting rod 20 and the support 19, forces the sieve mill 2 to perform plane-parallel vibrations in the horizontal plane in the direction of V _p. The range of oscillation is two values of the crank 22, i.e. 2R. Simultaneously with the oscillation of the sieve mills 2, the frames of the brushes 10 move in the opposite direction V _u due to the fact that the two-arm levers 7 mounted on the axles 8, mounted on the frame 1 of the grain cleaning machine, are connected to the sieve mills 2 at one end by means of leashes 6 through swivel joints 4 , and the second ends of the two-arm levers 7 are connected in the same way through the leashes 5 and swivel joints 3 with the frames of the brushes 10. 1 grain cleaning machine, provides the ability to increase the pitch L of the installation of brushes 15 within the brushes 10, while

Where

R is the radius of the crank;

- длина части двуплечего рычага конец которого соединен посредством поводка с рамкой щеток;

- the length of the part of the two-arm lever, the end of which is connected by means of a leash to the frame of the brushes;

- длина части двуплечего рычага, конец которой соединен посредством поводка с решетным станом.

- the length of the part of the two-arm lever, the end of which is connected by means of a leash to the sieve frame.

Thus, when the sieve box 2 vibrates with a span equal to two values of the crank 22 of the sieve box drive 2 and the distance between the brushes L within the brushes 10, calculated according to the above formula, the screens 12 will always be cleaned with brushes 15 from the grains stuck in them, however, the calculated size will be limited by the elastic properties of the material from which the brushes are made.

Cleaning grain on the device is as follows. The grain mixture (GS) through the inlet 9 enters the sieve 12, where due to its installation at an angle a to the horizon and reciprocating oscillations of the sieve mill 2, the grain mixture moves along the sieve 12, where at the same time the brushes 15, pressed by the mechanism 17 to the sieve 12, installed within the brushes 10 at the estimated distance L, clean the sieves 12 from the grains stuck in them, allowing you to freely separate the grain when it moves towards the slope to the exits 14 and 18 with their separation on the sieve 12 into cleaned grain (OZ) and fine impurities (MP).

The use of the claimed invention makes it possible to have sieve grain cleaning machines with brush cleaning, in which, due to the movement of the frames with brushes 10 in the opposite direction with respect to the sieves 2, it is possible to significantly reduce the number of brushes 15 within the brushes 10 used to clean the sieves 12. Thus significantly increases the productivity of grain cleaning machines and reduces energy costs.

Claims (3)

1. Grain cleaning machine containing a frame, sieve stands with sieves, movably mounted inside the frame at an angle to the horizon, brush frames with devices for preloading brushes to the sieves, movably mounted on the guides of the sieve stands, a crank mechanism that imparts plane-parallel oscillations to the sieve stands, characterized in that the frames of the brushes are movably connected by means of leashes to one of the ends of the two-arm levers, the axes of which are mounted on the frame of the grain cleaning machine, and the second ends of these two-arm levers are movably connected by means of leashes to sieve stands, the brushes within the brushes are installed with a step equal to the oscillation span sieve mills 2R plus the ratio of the length of the part of the two-arm levers connected by leashes to the brush frames

to the second parts of these two-arm levers, which are connected by means of leads with sieve camps

, multiplied by the range of fluctuations of the sieve mill 2R

2. Grain cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the leashes are adjustable in length.

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