RU2794310C1 - Disk regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pipeline equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pipeline fittings and can be used as a shut-off and regulating device for regulating the flow rate and pressure of gaseous, liquid, polluted and aggressive media. The regulators are multi-pass. The bolt assembly is made in the form of two lapped discs, one of which, rotary, is rotatable through a worm drive, and the other is fixed in the regulator. The passageways in the movable and fixed disks are made of trapezoidal shape, which provides a linear flow characteristic in the entire control area, including with small openings of passages and high throttling of the flow, increases the accuracy of regulation, eliminates the appearance of “dagger” jets or “eye” type jets and related phenomena at the outlet. The invention involves various options for making through holes of movable and fixed disks, each of which makes it possible to maintain a trapezoidal shape and linear flow characteristics in the entire control area.

EFFECT: regulators can operate in a wide range of flow parameters regulation, including in conditions where it is necessary to ensure high throttling at small openings of passages and weak throttling at large openings of passages.

5 cl, 27 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pipeline fittings and can be used as a shut-off and control device for controlling the flow rate of gaseous, liquid, contaminated and aggressive media.

Flow regulators operate in a wide range of parameters, including under conditions of large pressure drops, when it is necessary to provide high flow throttling at small openings of the flow area and weak throttling at large openings of the flow area. At the same time, in regulators with a non-linear flow characteristic, at small openings, high-velocity compressed jets appear that emerge from the valve assembly in the form of a crescent, triangle, or eye, which leads to noticeable erosive wear of the regulator elements and, in general, to a decrease in their service life.

In control systems, shut-off and control direct-flow devices are becoming more and more widespread, the gate assembly of which, consisting of ground-in discs, is made multi-pass, in the form of a rotary disc with the number and shape of passages corresponding to the number and shape of passages of the fixed element of the locking assembly.

Known disk rotary axisymmetric valve developed by JSC NPAO "VNIIkompressormash", (Reinforcing, 2013, No. 5(86), pp. 48-51). The gate valve consists of a body with a through hole, two branch pipes with flanges and a locking element in the form of a disc. In each branch pipe, the inlet is divided into two channels, the total area of which is equal to the area of the inlet. The locking body in the form of a disc is provided with round holes similar to the channels in the branch pipes, and is located between the branch pipes with the possibility of rotation around its axis. In the open position, the holes in the locking disc coincide with the holes in the nozzles. The locking disk during rotation occupies intermediate positions, forming passages in the form of an "eye". After turning through 90°, the locking disc assumes a position in which the fluid passage is completely closed. With small openings in such a device, high-speed jets arise, the peculiarity of which is multi-velocity flows inside the jet, along the edges of the passage and in its center, which ultimately leads not only to the destruction of the valve elements, but also to high flow turbulence and associated noise and vibrations. . In addition, for regulators operating under conditions of high pressure drops, it is recommended to adjust the flow rate with a linear characteristic, when the flow rate is proportional to the amount of movement of the plunger or, in the device under consideration, the angle of rotation of the movable disk relative to the fixed nozzles. In the device under consideration, the flow characteristic is non-linear, the shape of the open area of the through hole, when turning from the open position to the closed position, constantly changes its shape and flow characteristic.

Known adjustable direct-flow multi-pass choke according to RF patent 2280800 IPC F16K 3/08. The throttle contains a housing, inlet and outlet covers with inlet and outlet openings, shut-off and control unit, drive unit, fasteners and sealing elements. The shut-off and control unit is made in the form of two mutually lapped discs coaxially installed in the body. The disks are installed with the possibility of rotation of one disk, movable, connected with the drive unit, relative to the other, fixed. The disks are provided with passage holes in the form of triangular circle sectors equal in area and shape and a platform for overlapping the passage holes. When the movable disk rotates relative to the fixed disk, the areas of the passage holes in the fixed disk change. In this case, the movable disk is installed relative to the passage holes of the fixed disk in the following positions. The "open" position, in which the through holes are fully or partially open. The “closed” position is the extreme position at which the opening area of the through holes becomes equal to “zero”. The “closed” position, in which the passage-forming faces of the passage holes of the movable disk, continuing the rotation movement, pass through the “closed” position, providing a guaranteed obstruction of the flow through the shut-off assembly. At the same time, during the movement of the movable disk, the “partially open” position is characterized by a non-linear characteristic of the blocked area of the through holes and, accordingly, the flow rate, which results in the fact that at small openings, the through holes take the form of triangular slots, and the stream escaping from them takes the form of dagger jets, which are cause erosive wear and reduced throttle life. It should also be noted that dagger jets not only destroy obstacles encountered in their path in the form of throttle design elements, but, hitting obstacles, create a reverse flow, which increases the turbulence of the outgoing flow, the level of turbulence of which determines the level of noise and vibration from the outgoing flow .

The long-term level of operation and analysis of chokes and consumer requests that come into repair showed that the main operating defects are manifested in the form of slot-like erosion of the outlet holes of the stationary disk and the outlet cover and erosive wear of other elements of the flow path, and the main problem in flow control is the non-linear flow characteristic .

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to improve the output characteristics of the fluid flow, including under conditions of high pressure drop at the inlet and outlet of the regulator, and to create a linear flow characteristic in the entire possible flow control region between the "open" and "closed" positions.

The solution to this problem is achieved by a combination of known features, which consists in the fact that the disk regulator contains a housing, inlet and outlet covers with inlet and outlet holes, a shut-off and control unit, a drive unit, fasteners and sealing elements, while the shut-off and control unit includes two coaxial installed mutually lapped disks, each of which is provided with through holes and overlapping areas of the through holes, wherein one of the disks is fixedly installed in the regulator, and the other disk, movable, connected to the drive unit, is installed with the possibility of rotation relative to the fixed disk and installation of through holes of the movable disk to the positions “open”, “closed”, “blocked” and intermediate positions relative to the through holes of the fixed disk, and new features, which consist in the fact that the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are made of a trapezoidal shape, the larger and smaller bases of which are made in the form of segments arcs of concentric circles, and the lateral sides connecting them at an angle to each other are made as ribs of passage holes, while the ratio of the lengths of the arcs of the bases and the angles between the ribs is chosen in such a way that in the “closed” position the passage-forming ribs of the passage openings of the movable and fixed disks connected along the entire length of these ribs. Other new features are related to the fulfillment of this condition. When the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the fixed disk is less than the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the movable disk, the lengths of the arcs of the large bases of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are equal. When the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the fixed disk is made greater than the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the movable disk, the lengths of the arcs of the smaller bases of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are made equal. Another feature is that the angle between the ribs of the passage holes of the fixed disk is made smaller than the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the movable disk, while the lengths of the arcs of the large bases of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are equal, and the passage-forming ribs of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are formed by segments sides of the central angular sectors of the circles bounded by the large bases of the through holes of the disks. In addition, a new feature is that the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are made equal, while the length of the arc of the larger base is made less than the length of the arc of the floor area lying on the same circle, and the edges of the through holes are made as segments of a straight line rolling without sliding along a circle of a selected diameter smaller than the diameter of a circle forming the smaller side of the trapezoidal bore. The proposed technical solution allows, in all versions, when the movable disk rotates relative to the fixed disk, while maintaining the trapezoidal shape of the passages, to obtain a uniformly changing opening or closing area of the through holes and the corresponding linear flow characteristic of the regulator. In addition, at small openings, the flow is evenly distributed along the entire length of the passage-forming ribs, which makes it possible to eliminate the appearance of dagger jets, washouts and erosion of the regulator elements, stabilize the flow and reduce the phenomena of noise, vibration, pressure surges, speed and flow associated with deep flow throttling.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by the example of a two-pass regulator with graphic materials explaining its essence, and embodiments, where it is shown:

- in Fig. 1 - general view of a two-pass disk regulator;

- in Fig. 2-5 - examples of the execution of disks according to the design of the through holes of the fixed disk with a smaller angle between the ribs than that of the movable disk, including:

- in Fig. 2 is a diagram of the design of the passage holes of the movable disk;

- in Fig. 3 is a diagram of the design of through holes of a fixed disk;

- in Fig. 4 - discs in the "closed" position;

- in Fig. 5 - discs in the "completely closed" position;

- in Fig. 6-9 - examples of the execution of disks according to the design of the through holes of the fixed disk with a larger angle between the ribs than that of the movable disk, including:

- in Fig. 6 is a diagram of the design of the passage holes of the movable disk;

- in Fig. 7 is a diagram of the design of through holes of a fixed disk;

- in Fig. 8 - discs in the "closed" position;

- in Fig. 9 - discs in the "completely closed" position;

- in Fig. 10-13 - examples of disks according to the variant of the ribs of the through holes of the disks in the form of segments of the sides of the central angular sectors of the circles of large bases, including:

- in Fig. 10 is a diagram of the design of the passage holes of the movable disk;

- in Fig. 11 is a diagram of the design of through holes of a stationary disk;

- in Fig. 12 - disks in the "closed" position;

- in Fig. 13 - discs in the "completely closed" position;

- in Fig. 14-17 - examples of disks with equal bores of the movable and fixed disks (option 1), including:

- in Fig. 14 is a diagram of the design of the passage holes of the movable disk;

- in Fig. 15 is a diagram of the design of through holes of a fixed disk;

- in Fig. 16 - disks in the "closed" position;

- in Fig. 17 - discs in the "completely closed" position;

- in Fig. 18-21 - examples of disks with equal bores of the movable and fixed disks (option 2), including:

- in Fig. 18 is a diagram of the design of the passage holes of the movable disk;

- in Fig. 19 is a diagram of the design of through holes of a fixed disk;

- in Fig. 20 - disks in the "closed" position;

- in Fig. 21 - discs in the "completely closed" position;

- in Fig. 22-27 - a comparative analysis of the proposed form of execution of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks and the known forms of the prototype and analogue with small openings, including:

- in Fig. 22 - movable and fixed disks with passage holes of equal trapezoidal shape in the "fully open" position;

- in Fig. 23 - disks in Fig. 22 in the "partially open" position;

- in Fig. 24 - movable and fixed discs with through holes of equal triangular shape in the "fully open" position (prototype);

- in Fig. 25 - disks in Fig. 24 in the "partially open" position;

- in Fig. 26 - movable and fixed disks with through holes of equal cylindrical shape in the "fully open" position (analogue);

- in Fig. 27 - disks in Fig. 26 in the "partially open" position.

The regulator consists of a housing 1, inlet and outlet end caps 2 and 3 with inlet and outlet openings 4 and 5, a shut-off and control unit, including a fixed disk 6 and a movable disk 7, a drive unit, including a worm wheel 8, rigidly connected to the movable disk 7, and a worm 9 connected to a manual or mechanical drive (not shown), as well as a spring-loaded disk 10, a counter-pressure system 11, fasteners 12 connecting the housing to the end caps, and sealing elements 13. The movable and fixed disks are equipped with ground ends 14 and 15, respectively, and passage holes, respectively, 16 and 17, made of a trapezoidal shape (Fig. 2), the larger and smaller bases 18 and 19, which are respectively made as segments of arcs of concentric circles 20 and 21, and the sides connecting them at an angle to each other another is made as ribs 22 and 23 of the through holes of the disks. In this case, the total area of the through holes of each disk is chosen not less than the area of the inlet 4, and the trapezoidal shape of the through holes is selected from the condition that the passage-forming ribs of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks coincide along the entire length of these ribs in the “closed” position. Schemes for constructing variants of pairs of trapezoidal through holes for the movable and fixed regulator disks that meet this condition are shown on the example of disks for two-pass regulators in Fig. 2 and 3, 6 and 7, 10 and 11, 14 and 15, 18 and 19, and are indicated by dashed lines.

In the embodiment of the through holes of the disks (Fig. 2-5), in which the angle "α" between the ribs 22 and 23 of the through holes of the movable disk 7 is made larger than the angle "α ₁ " between the ribs 24 and 25 of the through holes of the fixed disk 6, remain unchanged while the lengths of the arcs "a" of the large bases 18, and the lengths of the arcs "in ₁ " of the smaller bases 19 of the fixed disk are greater than the lengths of the arcs "in" of the smaller bases of the movable disk. When the movable disk is rotated in the direction of closing the passage holes of the fixed disk, the passage-forming ribs 22 of the movable disk and 25 of the fixed disk take, in accordance with the control command, the “partially open” position, in which the passages between them retain a trapezoidal shape in any position, or when rotated through an angle “ β” (Fig. 4) occupy the “closed” position, in which the passage-forming ribs 22 and 25 coincide along the entire length, and, completing the turn, are set to the “blocked” position (Fig. 5) in anticipation of a command to open the passages. In this case, the angle "β ₁ " corresponds to half the angle between the axes of the through holes: for two-pass disks it is 90°, for three-pass disks - 60 °, for four-pass disks - 45 °.

In the embodiment of the through holes of the disks (Fig. 6-9), in which the angle "α" between the ribs 26 and 27 of the through holes 28 of the movable disk 29 is made smaller than the angle "α ₁ " between the ribs 30 and 31 of the through holes 32 of the fixed disk 33, the lengths of the arcs "b" of the smaller bases of the through holes of the disks remain unchanged, and the lengths of the arcs "a" of the large bases of the through holes of the movable disk are made less than the lengths of the arcs "a ₁ " of the large bases of the through holes of the stationary disk.

When the movable disk is rotated in the direction of closing the passage holes of the fixed disk, the passage-forming ribs 27 of the movable disk and 31 of the fixed disk take, in accordance with the control command, the “partially open” position, in which the passages between them retain a trapezoidal shape in any position, or when turning at an angle "β" (Fig. 8) occupy the "closed" position, in which the passage-forming ribs 27 and 31 coincide along the entire length of the ribs, and, completing the turn at the angle "β ₁ " (Fig. 9), as in the previous example, equal to 90 ° are set to the “closed” position.

In the embodiment of the through holes of the disks (Fig. 10-13), in which the angle "α" between the ribs 34 and 35 of the through holes 36 of the movable disk 37 is made greater than the angle "α ₁ " between the ribs 38 and 39 of the through holes 40 of the stationary disk 41, the lengths of the arcs "a" of the large bases of the passage holes of the movable and fixed disks are made equal, and the passage-forming ribs 34 of the movable disk and 39 of the fixed disk are formed by segments of the sides 42 and 43 of the central angular sectors of the circles of the large bases. With such an implementation, when the movable disk is rotated in the direction of closing the passage holes of the fixed disk, the passage-forming ribs 34 of the movable disk and 39 of the fixed disk occupy, in accordance with the control command, the “partially open” position, in which the passages between them in any position retain a trapezoidal shape, or when turning at the angle "β" (Fig. 12) occupy the "closed" position, in which the passage-forming ribs 34 and 39 coincide along the entire length of the ribs, and, completing the turn at the angle "β ₁ " (Fig. 13), are set to the "blocked" position ".

Examples of performing disks with equal bores of the movable and fixed discs are presented in two of the many possible options for making through holes with different passage areas.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14-17 through holes 44 of the movable disk 45 are made equal with the through holes 46 of the fixed disk 47. In this case, the length of the arc 48 of the larger base "a" is made less than the length of the arc 49 of the floor area 50, which lies on the same circle 51 between the ribs 52 of the through hole 44 and 53 through holes 54 of this disk. In this case, each rib is made as a segment of a straight line 55 rolling along a circle 56 of the selected diameter "d". When the movable disk is rotated in the direction of closing the passage holes of the fixed disk, the passage-forming ribs 57 of the movable disk and 58 of the fixed disk take, in accordance with the control command, the “partially open” position, in which the passages between them in any position retain a trapezoidal shape, or when rotated through an angle “ β” (Fig. 16) occupy the “closed” position, in which the passage-forming ribs 57 and 58 coincide along the entire length of the ribs, and, completing the rotation at the angle “β ₁ ” (Fig. 17), are set to the “blocked” position.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 18-21, the passage holes 59 of the movable disc 60 are made equal with the passage holes 61 of the stationary disc 62. In this case, in FIG. 18 and 19 are schemes for constructing through holes of maximum area for the given parameters of concentric circles 63 and 64 and the running circle 65 with a diameter "d" subject to the condition that the length of the arc 66 of the larger base of the through hole is less than the length of the arc 67 lying on the same circle 63 between the ribs 68 of the through hole 59 and 69 of the through hole 70, and the ribs themselves, as segments of a straight line 71, rolling around a circle 65 with a diameter "d". When the movable disk is rotated in the direction of closing the passage holes of the fixed disk, the passage-forming ribs 72 of the movable disk and 73 of the fixed disk take, in accordance with the control command, the “partially open” position, in which the passages between them in any position retain a trapezoidal shape, or when rotated through an angle β" (Fig. 20) occupy the "closed" position, in which the passage-forming ribs 72 and 73 coincide along the entire length of the ribs, and, completing the rotation at the angle "β ₁ " (Fig. 21), are set to the "blocked" position.

Shown in FIG. 22-27 examples show the shapes of the passages at their full and small openings in the proposed and known forms of making through holes in disc-type regulators.

When making passages 74 and 75 of a trapezoidal and equal bore shape for the movable 76 and fixed 77 disks, when the movable disk moves from the “open” position (Fig. 22), the passage 78 retains a trapezoidal shape and a linear flow characteristic and flow distribution along the entire length of the ribs, as in full and small opening (Fig. 23) up to the closure of the passages.

When performing passages 79 and 80, as in the prototype, a triangular equal passage shape for the movable 81 and fixed 82 disks when the movable disk moves from the “open” position (Fig. 24), the passage 83 changes non-linearly both in the width of the passage-forming ribs and, accordingly, in the area passage and at small openings the flow takes on a dagger shape (Fig. 25).

When performing passages 84 and 85, as in analogy, of a cylindrical equal bore shape for the movable 86 and fixed 87 disks, when the movable disk moves from the “open” position (Fig. 26), the passage 88 nonlinearly changes shape to an elliptical, tapering as it moves, up to form, which is commonly called the form of the "eye" (Fig. 27).

The proposed embodiments of trapezoidal through holes and combinations of through holes of the movable and fixed disks allow us to note the following advantages over analogues, where the through holes of the movable and fixed disks have the same shape and are made in the form of triangular sectors or cylindrical holes. The trapezoidal shape allows in any position of partial opening of passages, including at small passages and large pressure drops, to maintain a linear flow characteristic and get rid of high-speed dagger jets of flow, or jets of flow in the form of an “eye”, converting them into flows distributed along the length of the ribs , close to rectangular flows, which provide a lower tendency of throttled flows to turbulence and the accompanying phenomena of noise, vibration, and erosive wear. The choice of the optimal shape from the presented options and the number of through holes on the disks depends on the tasks set: the maximum area of the through holes for a given area of the contact surfaces of the movable and fixed disks, the closing speed of the regulator, the specified characteristics of the adjustment accuracy.

Claims (5)

1. A disc regulator containing a body, inlet and outlet covers with inlets and outlets, a shut-off and control unit, a drive unit, fasteners and sealing elements, while the shut-off and control unit includes coaxial mutually ground discs, each of which is provided with through holes and one of the disks covers the passage holes of the other disk, one of the disks is fixed in the regulator, and the other is movable, with the possibility of turning relative to it and setting the passage openings of the movable disk to the positions "open", "closed" and "blocked" and intermediate position relative to the through holes of the fixed disk, characterized in that the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are made of a trapezoidal shape, the larger and smaller bases of which are made in the form of segments of arcs of concentric circles, and the lateral sides connecting them at an angle to each other are made as ribs of the passage holes, while the ratio of the lengths of the arcs of the bases and the angles between the ribs of the trapezoidal through holes is chosen in such a way that in the "closed" position, the passage-forming ribs of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks coincide along the entire length of these ribs. 2. The disk regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the fixed disk is made smaller than the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the movable disk, while the lengths of the arcs of the large bases of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are equal. 3. The disk regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the edges of the passage holes of the fixed disk is made greater than the angle between the edges of the through holes of the movable disk, while the lengths of the arcs of the smaller bases of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are equal. 4. The disc regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the fixed disk is made smaller than the angle between the ribs of the through holes of the movable disk, while the lengths of the arcs of the large bases of the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are equal, and the passage-forming ribs of the through holes movable and fixed disks are formed by segments of the sides of the central angular sectors of the circles of large bases. 5. The disk regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the through holes of the movable and fixed disks are made equal, while the length of the arc of the larger base of the through hole is made less than the length of the arc of the floor area lying on the same circle, and the ribs are made as straight segments, rolling without sliding along a circle of a selected diameter, smaller than the diameter of the circle forming the smaller side of the trapezoidal through hole.

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