RU2793657C1 - Casting aluminium alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to aluminium-based alloys, and can be used to obtain thin-walled castings of complex shape, mainly by injection moulding, used in the automotive industry, for housings of electronic devices, for critical parts operating at elevated temperatures. Cast alloy based on aluminium contains, in % by weight: calcium 2.0 - 5.2; silicon 0.05 - 0.8; iron 0.05 - 1.0; zinc 0.01 - 5.0; magnesium 0.01 - 2.0; optionally, at least one alloying element from the group: copper 0.01 - 1.4; manganese 0.01 - 1.5; chromium 0.01 - 0.2; titanium 0.01 - 0.2; zirconium 0.01 - 0.2, aluminium and inevitable impurities.

EFFECT: enabling high strength properties while maintaining ductility, manufacturability during casting and high corrosion resistance.

5 cl, 1 dwg, 5 tbl, 2 ex

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, namely to aluminum-based alloys, and can be used to obtain castings of complex configuration by casting into a metal mold, mainly by injection molding.

Prior Art

Usually, castings of complex configuration are made from non-hardenable and hardenable alloys, mainly based on Al-Si and Al-Mg systems. Castings obtained from alloys based on the Al-Si system with additions of magnesium and/or copper, intended for the most critical parts, as a rule, are used after heat treatment to states T7, T6 and T5 to increase strength properties.

Known non-hardenable alloys based on the Al-Si system, such as A413.2 or alloys of the AlSi11 type, are characterized by high processability during casting and good corrosion resistance. Among the disadvantages of this group of alloys, a low level of strength characteristics should be singled out, in particular, the yield strength usually does not exceed 80 MPa in the cast state. A higher level of strength properties of castings in the cast state is provided by the addition of copper, in particular, alloys of the A383.1 type or alloys of the AlSi12Cu2 type are known. Among the disadvantages of these alloys, one should single out a significant decrease in corrosion resistance and a low level of relative elongation, which usually does not exceed 1-2%.

Thermally hardenable cast alloys based on the Al-Mg system are also known, for example, AMg6l, AMg5K, AMg5Mts (GOST1583), Magsimal ^® 59 (Rheinfelden Alloys), etc., which are characterized by satisfactory processability during casting, good corrosion resistance, a good level of strength properties and relative elongation. Among the disadvantages of the alloys of this system, one should highlight the high linear shrinkage and insufficient tightness of thin-walled castings.

The combination of a high level of strength properties, relative to elongation and corrosion resistance is realized in hardened alloys of the Al-Si system with the addition of 0.2-0.5 wt.% magnesium, in particular, alloys of the AK9 type (GOST 1583), Silafont ^® 36 (Rheinfelden Alloys), Trimal ^® 37 (Trimet), etc. Hardening significantly complicates the production cycle of castings, since when using it, warping of castings is possible (especially when using hardening in water), changes in overall dimensions and the appearance of cracks.

A casting alloy of the Al-Ni-Mn system is known, intended for the production of structural components for automotive and aerospace applications, which is an alternative to branded silumins, developed by Alcoa and disclosed in US patent 6783730 (publ. 31.08.2004). From this alloy, it is possible to obtain castings with a good combination of casting and mechanical properties with a content (wt.%) of 2-6 Ni, 1-3 Mn, 1 Fe, less than 1 silicon, as well as other unavoidable impurities. Among the disadvantages of the proposed alloy, it should be noted that a high level of casting and mechanical properties is ensured by the use of high-purity aluminum grades and a high nickel content, which significantly increases the cost of the obtained castings. In addition, the proposed material is not thermally hardenable over the entire concentration range, which limits its use, while in the region of high nickel concentrations, the corrosion resistance of castings is significantly reduced.

Known cast aluminum alloys based on Al-Ni and Al-Ni-Mn systems and a method for producing cast parts from them, which are described in the invention of Alcoa US 8349462 (publ. 08.01.2013) and application EP 2011055318 of Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH & Co. kg. The invention provides alloy compositions for use in the as-cast state. Common in the proposed inventions is a high nickel content of 1-6%, which determines the main disadvantage - a significant decrease in corrosion resistance. With a relatively low content of nickel and manganese, casting alloys have a low level of strength characteristics.

A material based on the Al-Ni-Mn system is known, proposed by NUST MISIS and disclosed in patent RU 2478131 (published on March 27, 2013). The material contains, wt.%: 1.5-2.5 Ni, 0.3-0.7 Fe, 1-2 Mn, 0.02-0.2 Zr, 0.02-0.12 Sc and 0.002- 0.1 Ce. Castings obtained from the alloy after annealing (without using the hardening operation) are characterized by a tensile strength of at least 250 MPa with a relative elongation of at least 4%. The first disadvantage of this alloy is its increased tendency to form concentrated porosity, which makes it difficult to obtain high-quality relatively large castings. The second drawback is associated with the need to use elevated casting temperatures, which cannot always be implemented in foundry conditions.

A material based on the Al-Ca system is known, proposed by NUST MISIS and disclosed in patent RU 2660492. The material for use in the cast state contains, wt%: 5.4-6.4 calcium, 0.3-0.6 silicon and 0.8-1.2 iron. Among the disadvantages of the proposed alloy, one should single out a low relative elongation, which does not exceed 2.6%, which limits the use of the material in critical cast parts.

The closest to the proposed alloy is the invention of the Institute of Light Materials and Technologies, disclosed in patent RU 2745595. The material for use in the cast state contains, wt%: 1.5-5.1 calcium, 0.1-1.8 zinc, up to 1.0 silicon and up to 0.7 iron. Among the disadvantages of the proposed alloy, a low yield strength in the cast state should be singled out, which is associated with a low solubility of alloying elements, with the exception of zinc, in solid solution and, as a result, insufficient solid solution strengthening.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to create a new cast aluminum alloy intended for castings, mainly by high pressure casting, but not limited to, for use without heat treatment, characterized by good processability during casting, a good level of mechanical characteristics, including a yield strength of at least 100 MPa , and high corrosion resistance.

The main application is casting for the automotive industry, housings for electronic devices, etc. Parts of a responsible purpose can be obtained from the material.

The technical result is the solution of the task with the provision of high strength properties while maintaining ductility, manufacturability during casting and high corrosion resistance.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that an aluminum-based cast alloy is used containing calcium, silicon, iron, zinc, magnesium and optionally (optionally) at least one element from the group of copper, manganese, chromium, titanium, zirconium, with the following concentrations of alloying elements, wt.%:

Calcium 2.0 - 5.2 Silicon 0.05 - 0.8 (preferably 0.3 - 0.8) Iron 0.05 - 1.0 (preferably 0.1 - 0.5) Zinc 0.01 - 5.0 (preferably 1.0 - 2.0) Magnesium 0.01 - 2.0 (preferably 0.05 - 0.5)

Optionally (optionally) the alloy contains at least one alloying element from the group:

Copper 0.01 - 1.4 (preferably 0.02 - 0.5) Manganese 0.01 - 1.5 (preferably 0.5 - 1.0) Chromium 0.01 - 0.2 (preferably 0.05 - 0.1) Titanium 0.01 - 0.2 (preferably 0.05 - 0.1) Zirconium 0.01 - 0.2 (preferably 0.05 - 0.1) Aluminum and inevitable impurities rest

In the case of a private implementation of the invention, magnesium is located in the aluminum matrix, and copper is associated with calcium and forms a eutectic phase, which provides an increase in strength properties without compromising ductility.

The alloy is used to make castings that have the following tensile properties in the cast state: yield strength of at least 100 MPa.

Various modifications and improvements are allowed without going beyond the scope of the disclosure of the invention according to the description and claims.

The essence of the invention

Concentrations (wt.%) of calcium (2.0-5.2), silicon (0.05-0.8), iron (0.05-1.0), zinc (0.01-5.0) and copper (optionally 0.01-1.4) is limited in the stated limit, which ensures the formation of a structure that is an aluminum solution and the corresponding eutectic phases containing calcium and the following elements: silicon, iron, zinc and, optionally, copper.

Calcium, silicon, iron, zinc, and optionally copper, affect the total amount of eutectic phase in the alloy. At the same time, the amount of eutectic with a minimum content (according to the declared range) of calcium, silicon, iron, zinc and optionally copper is about 2.5 vol.%.

The presence (wt.%) of magnesium (0.01-2.0) and, optionally, at least one element, among which manganese (0.01-1.5), chromium (0.01-0.2), titanium (0.01-0.2) and zirconium (0.01-0.2) provide, in combination with the above elements (calcium, silicon, iron, zinc and, if available, copper) the formation of a structure that is an aluminum solution in the form of a primary crystallizing phase and eutectic, which contains at least one alloying element, including manganese, chromium, titanium and zirconium.

Magnesium and, optionally, at least one of the elements, among which, manganese, chromium, titanium and zirconium in the stated limit, to one degree or another, are able to provide strengthening due to dissolution in an aluminum solid solution (solid solution strengthening), while magnesium and , optionally, at least one of the elements, among which, manganese, chromium, titanium and zirconium in the stated limit increases the crystallization interval, which adversely affects the casting characteristics.

When conducting research, it was surprisingly found that, in relation to the concentration range of alloying elements under consideration, a successful combination of the amount of eutectic, where all eutectic phases are associated with calcium, and alloying of the aluminum solid solution in combination with a crystallization interval of up to 50 ° C provides an acceptable level of casting characteristics and hardening. The presence of magnesium and silicon contributes to the dispersion of eutectic phases containing calcium. A typical casting structure in the as-cast state (HPDC casting) is shown in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 1 shows a typical structure of the alloy in the as-cast state, showing the primary aluminum solid solution and the eutectic phases. Depending on the presence of certain elements in the alloy, the structure in the cast state of the material is represented by an aluminum solution that contains zinc, magnesium and eutectic phase particles containing compounds of aluminum, calcium with zinc, aluminum, calcium with iron and aluminum, calcium with silicon. With additional alloying of the alloy with copper, manganese, chromium, titanium and zirconium, then in the cast state the structure looks qualitatively similar and is represented by an aluminum solid solution containing zinc, magnesium manganese, chromium, titanium and zirconium, as well as particles of the eutectic phase containing aluminum compounds , calcium with zinc, aluminum, calcium with iron, aluminum, calcium with silicon and aluminum, calcium with copper.

A more detailed effect of alloying elements is described below.

A calcium content of less than 2.0 wt.% will lead to a decrease in casting characteristics, the binding of elements such as silicon, iron, zinc and, optionally, copper will not be ensured with calcium. The calcium content of more than 5.2 wt.% will lead to the formation of coarse inclusions of the primary phase of Al ₄ Ca, leading to a decrease in mechanical properties.

The content of silicon in the range of 0.05-0.8 wt.% in combination with calcium provides a good level of relative elongation in the as-cast state, since silicon helps the dispersion of the eutectic. At a silicon concentration of more than 0.8 wt.%, coarse intermetallic compounds containing silicon are formed in the structure and, as a result, reduce mechanical properties. Less than 0.05 wt.% silicon is no longer enough to form a eutectic with a favorable morphology, which leads to an insufficient level of relative elongation in the as-cast state.

The content of iron in the range of 0.05-1.0 wt.% in combination with calcium provides improved casting characteristics with an acceptable level of relative elongation. When the iron content is less than 0.05 wt.% deteriorates manufacturability when casting the alloy, which manifests itself in the form of increased adhesion of the casting to the mold or mold. At an iron concentration of more than 1.0 wt.%, coarse intermetallic compounds of crystallization origin containing iron and calcium are formed in the structure, and, as a result, mechanical properties are reduced.

The zinc content in the range of 0.01-5.0 wt.% improves corrosion resistance and increase casting characteristics. When the zinc content is less than 0.01 wt.% is not established a positive effect of zinc on the strength properties. Starting from 0.01 wt.%, a modification effect is noted, which manifests itself in the form of a change in the morphology of the eutectic containing calcium. At a zinc concentration of more than 5.0 wt.%, coarse phases of crystallization origin containing zinc and calcium are formed, which negatively affects the mechanical properties of the alloy.

The content (optional) of copper in the range of 0.01-1.4 wt.% helps to increase the strength characteristics without compromising casting characteristics and maintaining corrosion resistance at an acceptable level. Maintaining satisfactory corrosion resistance at copper content is ensured due to the binding of copper into the phase with calcium. When the copper content is less than 0.01 wt.%, no positive effect of copper on mechanical and other properties has been established. At low concentrations of copper, starting from 0.01 wt.%, a modification effect is noted, which manifests itself in the form of a change in the morphology of the eutectic phases containing calcium due to the formation of phases containing copper and calcium.

The magnesium content in the range of 0.01-2.0 wt.% increases the strength properties in the cast state. When the magnesium content is more than 2.0 wt.% significantly expands the range of crystallization, which unacceptably worsens the casting characteristics, in particular, the index of hot brittleness. When the magnesium content is less than 0.01 wt.%, no positive effect of magnesium on the strength properties in combination with other elements within the declared chemical composition has been established.

With a manganese content in the range of 0.01-1.5 wt.%, a positive effect of manganese on strength properties in combination with other elements within the declared chemical composition due to solid solution hardening was established. With a manganese content of more than 1.5%, coarse phases of crystallization origin are formed, which reduce the mechanical properties.

Chromium in the range of 0.01-0.2 wt.% contributes to solid solution hardening in the cast state. At a higher concentration, the probability of the formation of primary crystals of the Al ₇ Cr phase increases significantly, which leads to a decrease in the level of mechanical properties.

Titanium in the range of 0.01-0.2 wt.% contributes to the modification of the primary selection of aluminum solid solution during crystallization. With a higher content of titanium in the structure, primary crystals may appear, which will reduce the overall level of mechanical properties, and with a lower content, the positive effect of the influence of this element will not be realized. In the case of introducing titanium in the form of a multicomponent composition Al-Ti-B or Al-Ti-C, the presence of boron or carbon in the alloy is possible in amounts proportional to their content in the ligature. Boron and carbon, as independent elements, in relation to the considered range, do not have a significant effect on the mechanical and casting properties.

Zirconium in the range of 0.01-0.2 wt.% contributes to solid solution strengthening in the cast state. Larger quantities require casting temperatures to rise above typical levels, which reduces mold life and increases the tendency for hot cracks to form during casting.

The structure is allowed to contain a small amount of primary crystals in an amount up to 0.3 vol.%, containing manganese, and/or chromium, and/or zirconium, and/or titanium, to reduce the effect of casting sticking to the mold walls.

The following methods were used as confirmation of the implementation of the invention.

Quantitative assessment of the phase composition, in particular, the number of eutectic phases, the number of primary crystals was carried out by at least one of 2 methods: 1) by calculation using the Thermo-calc program; 2) by metallographic method.

The crystallization interval was estimated by at least one of 2 methods: 1) by calculation using the Thermo-calc program; 2) experimental in coordinates with the construction of a cooling curve in temperature-time coordinates, and the value of the crystallization interval, as the difference between the liquidus temperature and the solidus temperature.

Confirmation of the technical result was carried out in laboratory conditions, where the compositions of the alloys indicated in the examples were prepared and studied. The alloys were prepared in an induction or resistance furnace in graphite crucibles using primary aluminum with a content of at least 99.8 wt.% and 99.99 wt.% as a base, zinc with a content of at least 99.90 wt.%, copper with content of at least 99.9 wt.%, magnesium with a content of at least 99.9 wt.% (the purity of the initial metals used in the melt is indicated) and double master alloys: AlCa10, AlFe10, AlMn20, AlSi10, AlTi5, AlCr10, AlZr10. The sum of other elements and inevitable impurities in the alloy did not exceed 0.05 wt.%, i.e. which are contained in primary aluminum and ligatures, and which were not standardized during the preparation of the melt.

To determine the mechanical properties and analyze the structure, the crystallization of the alloys was carried out in a metal mold - a "separately cast cylindrical sample" with a working part diameter of 10 mm and a mold temperature of up to 150°C. The casting properties of the alloys were evaluated in terms of hot brittleness using a "ring test", where the best indicator is a ring with a minimum wall thickness at a constant outer diameter of 40 mm, crystallized without a crack in the series 3, 7 and 10 mm. The mechanical properties were evaluated in uniaxial tension of separately cast specimens in the cast state. The test speed is 10 mm/mm, the length of the working part is 50 mm in accordance with GOST 1583-93. As a criterion of "adhesion", the ability of the material to separate from the surface of the metal mold without mechanical action was evaluated.

Example of a specific implementation

EXAMPLE 1

To study and confirm the declared chemical composition in laboratory conditions, alloys were prepared according to the chemical composition of Table 1. The results of determining the crystallization interval and analyzing the tendency to form hot cracks are shown in Table 2. The results of determining the mechanical properties are shown in Table 3.

Table 1 - Chemical composition, wt.%

No. Ca Si Fe Zn mg Cu Mn Cr Ti Zr Al Prototype 3.8 0.22 0.08 1.3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 1 1.4 0.03 0.03 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 2 5.2 0.8 0.19 1.8 0.5 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 3 3.3 0.05 1.0 0.9 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 4 3.3 0.4 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 5 2.0 0.05 0.05 0.01 2.0 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 6 2.0 0.03 0.07 0.01 4.0 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 7 5.5 1.0 1.1 2.0 0.02 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 8 3.0 0.15 0.2 1.1 1.0 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 9 3.1 0.15 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.95 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 10 3.0 0.15 0.2 0.9 0.9 1.4 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis eleven 3.2 0.3 0.2 2.1 0.05 <0.001 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 12 3.3 0.3 0.2 3.1 0.05 <0.001 0.8 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 13 3.4 0.4 0.2 4.1 0.05 <0.001 1.5 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 14 3.5 0.3 0.2 4.9 0.05 <0.001 2.0 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 15 3.3 0.2 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 16 3.4 0.2 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 0.1 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 17 3.3 0.3 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 0.15 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 18 3.4 0.5 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 0.2 <0.001 <0.001 The basis 19 3.3 0.3 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 <0.001 The basis 20 3.3 0.3 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.1 <0.001 The basis 21 3.3 0.3 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.2 <0.001 The basis 22 3.3 0.3 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.3 <0.001 The basis 23 3.2 0.3 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 The basis 24 3.2 0.3 0.2 4.9 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.1 The basis 25 3.4 0.4 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.15 The basis 26 3.3 0.3 0.2 5.0 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.2 The basis 27 3.9 0.7 0.2 1.5 0.1 <0.001 0.8 0.05 <0.001 0.05 The basis 28 3.3 0.4 0.2 0.9 0.08 0.9 0.8 0.04 <0.001 0.09 The basis 29 3.7 0.5 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.04 0.05 0.08 The basis

Table 2 - Analysis of the crystallization range and hot brittleness index

No. Crystallization interval, K Hot brittleness index Prototype 28 No cracks 1 40 No cracks, sticking to mold wall 2 17 Crack 3mm 3 31 No cracks 4 32 No cracks 5 50 No cracks 6 64 Cracks on all samples 7 43 No cracks 8 43 No cracks 9 53 No cracks 10 59 No cracks eleven 31 No cracks 12 thirty No cracks 13 27 No cracks 14 26 No cracks 15 32 No cracks 16 32 No cracks 17 32 No cracks 18 thirty No cracks 19 32 No cracks 20 32 No cracks 21 32 No cracks 22 32 No cracks 23 32 No cracks 24 32 No cracks 25 31 No cracks 26 31 No cracks 27 22 No cracks 28 28 No cracks 29 23 No cracks

Table 3 - Mechanical properties

No. Tensile strength, MPa Yield strength, MPa Relative extension, % Prototype 202 143 3.1 1 Sticking of the sample to the mold walls 2 240 205 4.5 3 210 160 5.5 4 225 180 5.1 5 210 175 4.6 6 Destruction of the sample in the form during crystallization 7 250 230 1.3 8 225 200 4.2 9 235 205 4.3 10 250 215 4.1 eleven 215 160 5.4 12 225 200 4.1 13 240 210 4.0 14 250 215 4.0 15 230 185 4.9 16 235 190 4.8 17 240 200 4.8 18 250 210 4.7 19 225 185 5.0 20 230 190 4.9 21 235 200 4.9 22 235 210 4.7 23 230 190 5.1 24 235 200 5.0 25 240 205 5.0 26 245 210 5.0 27 240 210 4.0 28 245 215 4.2 29 245 210 4.1

From the analysis of the results presented in tables 2 and 3, it can be seen that compositions 2-5 and 8-26, according to the stated concentration range, provide an acceptable level of resistance to hot cracking. Compositions 1, 6, 7 are not applicable because composition 1 has a high tendency to stick to the mold walls. Composition 6 is characterized by a high tendency to form hot cracks, and composition 7 is characterized by the implementation of an unsatisfactory structure containing unacceptable primary crystals containing calcium, iron, silicon and zinc, which significantly reduce the elongation.

EXAMPLE 2

To confirm the suitability of the alloy for high pressure casting, plates 3 mm thick and 70x150 mm in size were cast, from which tensile specimens were cut. The chemical composition of the alloys is shown in Table 4. The mechanical properties of the alloys are shown in Table 5. A typical structure of an alloy of composition 31 is shown in FIG. 1.

Table 4 - Chemical composition, wt.%

No. Ca Si Fe Zn Mn mg Cr Zr Al thirty 4.5 0.7 0.2 1.4 0.8 0.1 0.08 0.12 The basis 31 3.3 0.75 0.2 1.4 0.8 0.02 0.05 0.05 The basis 32 4.0 0.5 0.3 1.4 0.8 0.02 0.04 0.08 The basis

Table 5 - Mechanical properties

No. Tensile strength, MPa Yield strength, MPa Relative extension, % thirty 270 205 6.1 31 235 110 11.5 32 250 125 8.5

From the analysis of the results presented in tables 4 and 5, it can be seen that the alloy provides a good combination of strength and ductility in high pressure casting.

Claims (9)

1. Cast aluminum-based alloy containing calcium, silicon, iron, zinc, magnesium at the following concentrations, wt.%: Calcium 2.0 - 5.2 Silicon 0.05 - 0.8 Iron 0.05 - 1.0 Zinc 0.01 - 5.0 Magnesium 0.01 - 2.0 Aluminum and inevitable impurities rest 2. An aluminum-based cast alloy containing calcium, silicon, iron, zinc, magnesium and at least one of the following alloying elements: copper, manganese, chromium, titanium, zirconium, at the following concentrations, wt.%: Calcium 2.0 - 5.2 Silicon 0.05 - 0.8 Iron 0.05 - 1.0 Zinc 0.01 - 5.0 Magnesium 0.01 - 2.0, at least one of the following alloying elements: Copper 0.01 - 1.4 Manganese 0.01 - 1.5 Chromium 0.01 - 0.2 Titanium 0.01 - 0.2 Zirconium ……..0.01 – 0.2 Aluminum and inevitable impurities rest 3. An alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that magnesium is located in an aluminum matrix. 4. An alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that copper is associated with calcium and forms a eutectic phase. 5. Alloy according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that in the cast state it has a yield strength of at least 100 MPa.

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