RU2791721C1 - Acoustic output device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acoustics.

SUBSTANCE: loudspeakers. An acoustic output device comprising a bone conduction speaker configured to generate bone conduction acoustic waves; air conduction loudspeaker. The air conduction speaker comprises a vibrating diaphragm configured to vibrate to generate air conduction acoustic waves, the air conduction speaker being independent of the bone conduction speaker; and at least one housing configured to house a bone conduction speaker and an air conduction speaker, wherein the angle formed between the vibration direction of the bone conduction speaker and the central vibration direction of the vibrating diaphragm of the air conduction speaker is 70-115°.

EFFECT: improved sound quality in the mid-low frequency range.

10 cl, 22 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The present invention generally relates to an acoustic output device, and more specifically relates to an acoustic output device using both bone conduction and air conduction to provide audio signals to a user.

State of the art

Today, wearable acoustic output devices (eg, headsets) are booming and becoming more and more popular. An open stereo acoustic output device (eg, a bone conduction speaker) is a portable audio device that facilitates sound transmission to the user. However, a bone conduction loudspeaker has poor mid-low performance and generates strong vibrations that adversely affect the user's experience, especially degrading the user's comfort. Therefore, it is desirable to develop acoustic output equipment that enhances the user's sound perception in the mid-low frequency range.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

According to one aspect of the present invention, an acoustic output device is provided. The acoustic output device may comprise a bone conduction speaker configured to generate bone conduction acoustic waves; an air conduction speaker configured to generate air conduction acoustic waves, the air conduction speaker operating independently of the bone conduction speaker; and at least one housing configured to house a bone conduction speaker and an air conduction speaker.

In some embodiments, the bone conduction speaker comprises a vibrating assembly, the vibrating assembly comprising a magnetic circuit system configured to generate a magnetic field; vibrating plate connected to the specified at least one housing; and one or more coils connected to the vibrating plate, said one or more coils being configured to vibrate in a magnetic field and vibrate the vibrating plate to generate bone conduction acoustic waves.

In some embodiments, an air conduction loudspeaker comprises a driver and a vibrating diaphragm, the driver being configured to vibrate the vibrating diaphragm to generate air conduction acoustic waves.

In some embodiments, the air conduction speaker is located adjacent to the bone conduction speaker.

In some embodiments, said at least one housing comprises a first housing and a second housing, wherein the bone conduction speaker is housed in the first housing and the air conduction speaker is housed in the second housing.

In some embodiments, the direction of vibration of the bone conduction speaker is the first direction, the center direction of vibration of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker is the second direction, the first direction being parallel to the second direction.

In some embodiments, the distance from the air conduction speaker to the listening position is less than the distance from the bone conduction speaker to the listening position.

In some embodiments, the second housing has a sound hole facing the listening position.

In some embodiments, an air conduction speaker and a bone conduction speaker are located one above the other.

In some embodiments, the direction of vibration of the bone conduction speaker and the central direction of vibration of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker are the same direction.

In some embodiments, said at least one housing comprises a third housing, wherein the bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker are mounted in the third housing.

In some embodiments, the third housing includes a wall for transmitting bone conduction acoustic waves to the outside.

In some embodiments, the third body has a sound hole facing towards the listening position.

In some embodiments, a bone conduction speaker and an air conduction speaker are arranged vertically.

In some embodiments, the vibration direction of the bone conduction speaker is the third direction, the central vibration direction of the air conduction speaker diaphragm is the fourth direction, the third direction being substantially perpendicular to the fourth direction.

In some embodiments, said at least one housing comprises a fourth housing, the bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker being mounted in the fourth housing.

In some embodiments, the bone conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-high frequencies and the air conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-low frequencies.

In some embodiments, the bone conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-low frequencies and the air conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-high frequencies.

In some embodiments, the air conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-low frequencies and the bone conduction acoustic waves comprise frequencies of a broader frequency range than the air conduction acoustic wave frequencies.

In some embodiments, the bone conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-low frequencies, and the air conduction acoustic waves contain frequencies over a broader frequency range than those of the bone conduction acoustic waves.

In some embodiments, the air conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-high frequencies, and the bone conduction acoustic waves contain frequencies in a wider frequency range than the air conduction acoustic wave frequencies.

In some embodiments, the bone conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-high frequencies and the air conduction acoustic waves comprise frequencies over a broader frequency range than those of the bone conduction acoustic waves.

Additional features will be set forth in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description and the accompanying drawings, or may be determined during manufacture or use of the examples. The features of the present invention can be realized and obtained during the practical application or use of various aspects of the methods, tools and apparatus, as well as combinations of such components, proposed in the detailed descriptions of the examples below.

Brief description of the drawings

The present invention is further described in terms of exemplary embodiments. These example options are discussed in detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings are not to scale. These variants are non-exhaustive examples of variants in which similar reference numerals have been assigned to similar structures in several drawing views, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a simplified diagram illustrating an example of a speaker system according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 2A and 2B are simplified diagrams of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 3A is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 3B is a simplified diagram of another example of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a simplified diagram of a resonant system in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 5A is a simplified diagram of an example of a bone conduction speaker according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 5B is a simplified diagram of an example of an air conduction loudspeaker according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a simplified diagram of an example of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a simplified diagram of an example of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a simplified diagram of an example of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 9 and 10 are simplified diagrams of sound leakage versus frequency curves for an acoustic output device 600 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a simplified diagram of an example of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a simplified diagram of an example of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 13 and 14 are simplified diagrams of sound leakage versus frequency curves for an acoustic output device 1100 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is a simplified diagram of an example of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a simplified diagram of sound leakage versus frequency curves for an acoustic output device 1500 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 17-21 are simplified diagrams of frequency response curves of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention; And

Fig. 22 is a simplified spectral plot of displacement during oscillation versus frequency for a bone conduction loudspeaker in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.

Implementation of the invention

The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the present invention and is designed in the context of a particular application and its requirements. Various modifications of the described embodiments will be readily understood and apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the options shown here, but should comply with the broadest scope consistent with the Claims.

The terminology used here is intended solely to describe specific examples of variants and is not intended to be limiting in any way. As used here, singular forms such as "some", "some", and "that" may be intended to cover plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that terms such as "comprise", "comprises" and/or "comprising", "include (in)", "includes" and/or "comprising", when used in the present description, specify the presence of the specified features, integers, operations, elements and/or components, but do not prevent the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, components and/or groups of listed objects.

It should be understood that the terms "system", "machine", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein represent one way of distinguishing between different components, elements, parts or assemblies at different levels in ascending order. However, if the same purpose can be achieved by other words, the corresponding terms can be replaced by other expressions.

In general, the word "module", "functional unit", or "unit", as used herein, refers to the logic embodied in hardware, or in firmware, or in a collection of downloadable software instructions. The module, functional unit, or block described herein may be implemented in software and/or hardware and may be stored on some type of non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or other information storage device. In some embodiments, a module/functional unit/unit of software may be compiled and linked to become an executable program. It should be understood that software modules may be callable from other modules/functional units/blocks or from themselves and/or may be called in response to detected events or interrupts. Modules/functional units/blocks of software configured to execute in processor devices (e.g., processor 220 as illustrated in FIG. 2) may be provided on a computer-readable storage medium such as a CD, digital video disc, flash drive, magnetic disk, or some other tangible media, or digitally downloaded (and may initially be stored in a compressed or installable format that requires installation, expansion, or decryption before execution). Such software code may be stored, in whole or in part, in an information storage device in a processing device for execution by the processing device. The software instructions may be stored in a storage device such as an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM). It should be further understood that hardware modules/functional units/blocks may be included in connected logic components such as gates and flip-flops and/or may be included in programmable functional units such as field-programmable gate arrays or processors. Such modules/functional units/blocks or processor devices as described functionally herein may be implemented as downloadable software modules/functional units/blocks, but may also be in the form of hardware or firmware. In general, the modules/functional units/blocks described herein refer to logical modules/functional units/blocks that can be combined with other modules/functional units/blocks or sub-modules/functional sub-units/sub-blocks independently. from their physical organization or storage. The description provided may be applied to a system, machine, or part of it.

It should be understood that when a functional unit, machine, module, or block is said to be "located on", "connected to," or "associated with" another functional unit, machine, module, or block, that object may be directly located on, be connected to or associated with, or communicate with, another functional unit, machine, module, or block specified, or there may be an intermediate functional unit, machine, module, or block between them, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, the term "and/or" may encompass any and all combinations of one or more of the objects in the associated list.

To illustrate technical solutions regarding embodiments of the present invention, the following is a summary of the drawings associated with the description of embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or variations of the present invention. Even ordinary people skilled in the art will be able to apply the present invention in other similar scenarios without much creative effort using these drawings. Unless otherwise indicated or obvious from the context, like reference numerals in the drawings refer to like structures and operations.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be discussed with reference to the drawings, as described below. Obviously, the described options are not exhaustive and limiting. Other options derived from the options given in the present description, even ordinary experts in the field without much creative effort, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

One aspect of the present invention relates to an acoustic output device. This acoustic output device may comprise a bone conduction speaker (also referred to as a vibrating speaker) and an air conduction speaker, and at least one enclosure configured to receive a bone conduction speaker and an air conduction speaker. The air conduction loudspeaker is independent of the bone conduction loudspeaker. Various placements and/or frequency responses of the bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker can be applied here to improve the user's listening experience of the acoustic output device at low frequencies and reduce sound leakage from the acoustic output device.

On FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram illustrating an example of a speaker system in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. This speaker system 100 may include a multimedia platform 110, a communications network 120, an acoustic output device 130, a terminal device 140, and an information storage device 150.

The multimedia platform 110 may communicate with one or more components of the speaker system 100 or an external data source (eg, a cloud data center). In some embodiments, media platform 110 may provide data or signals (eg, audio data of a piece of music) to acoustic output device 130 and/or user terminal 140. In some embodiments, media platform 110 may facilitate data/signal processing for acoustic output device 130 and /or user terminal 140. In some embodiments, multimedia platform 110 may be implemented on a single server or a group of servers. This group of servers may be a centralized group of servers connected to the communications network 120 via an access point, or a distributed group of servers connected to the communications network 120 via one or more access points, respectively. In some embodiments, media platform 110 may be locally connected to communication network 120 or remotely connected to communication network 120. For example, multimedia platform 110 may access information and/or data stored in acoustic output device 130, user terminal 140, and/or information storage device 150 via communication network 120. As another example, storage device 150 may serve as an internal data store for media platform 110. In some embodiments, media platform 110 may be implemented on a cloud platform. Just by way of example, a cloud platform may be a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an inter-cloud system, a multi-cloud system, or other similar cloud, or any combination of such clouds.

In some embodiments, media platform 110 may include a processing device 112. Processing device 112 may perform the basic functions of multimedia platform 110. terminal 140 for sound generation. As another example, processor device 112 may process signals (eg, generate a bone conduction control signal) for acoustic output device 130.

In some embodiments, processor device 112 may include one or more processor modules (eg, single-core processor devices or multi-core processor devices). Just by way of example, the processing unit 112 may comprise a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application-specific instruction-set processor (ASIP )), graphics processing unit (GPU), physics processing unit (PPU), digital signal processor (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA) , programmable logic device (PLD), controller, microcontroller module, reduced instruction-set computer (RISC), microprocessor or other similar device, or some combination of these devices.

Communication network 120 may facilitate the exchange of information and/or data. In some embodiments, one or more components in speaker system 100 (e.g., multimedia platform 110, acoustic output device 130, user terminal 140, storage device 150) may communicate information and/or data to other components in speaker system 100 via network 120. connections. In some embodiments, communication network 120 may be any type of wired or wireless communication network, or a combination of such networks. Just by way of example, the communication network 120 may be a cable communication network, a wired communication network, an optical fiber communication network, a telecommunications network, an intranet, the Internet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area communication network (wide area network (WAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), metropolitan area network (MAN), public telephone switched network (PSTN), Bluetooth network, ZigBee communication network, near field communication (NFC) network, or other similar communication network, or a combination of such networks. In some embodiments, communication network 120 may include one or more access points to that communication network. For example, communications network 120 may have wired or wireless network access points, such as base stations and/or Internet exchange points 120-1, 120-2, ..., through which one or more components of speaker system 100 may be connected to the network. 120 communications for exchanging data and/or information.

Acoustic output device 130 can output sounds to the user and interact with the user. In one aspect, the acoustic output device 130 may provide at least audio content to the user, such as songs, poems, news broadcasts, weather broadcasts, audio lessons, and the like. According to another aspect, the user may provide feedback to the acoustic output device 130 via, for example, keys, a touch screen, body movements, voice, gestures, thoughts, and the like. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 130 may be a wearable device. Unless otherwise specified, a wearable device as used herein can be head phones and a variety of other types of personal devices such as devices worn on the head, shoulders or body. The wearable device may provide the user with at least audio content with or without contact with the user. In some embodiments, the wearable device may be a smart headset, smart glasses, head mountable display (HMD), smart wristband, smart shoes, smart glasses, smart helmet, smart wrist. watch, smart clothing, smart backpack, smart accessory, VR headset, VR goggles, VR patch, AR helmet, AR goggles, AR patch or other similar device, or some combination such devices. Just by way of example, such a wearable device may be a Google Glass ^TM , Oculus Rift ^TM , Hololens ^TM Gear VR ^TM or the like.

Acoustic output device 130 may communicate with user terminal 140 via communication network 120. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 130 may receive various types of data and/or information, including, for example, movement parameters (e.g., geographic location, direction of movement, movement speed, acceleration, etc.), voice parameters (voice volume, speech content, etc.), gestures (eg, handshake, head nod, etc.), user thoughts, etc. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 130 may further transmit the received data and/or information to media platform 110 or user terminal 140.

In some embodiments, the user terminal 140 may be specialized, for example through an application installed therein, to communicate with and/or perform data/signal processing for the acoustic output device 130. The user terminal 140 may be a mobile device 130-1, a tablet computer 130-2, a laptop computer 130-3, an embedded vehicle-mounted device 130-4, or the like, or some combination of such devices. In some embodiments, mobile device 130-1 may be a smart home device, smart mobile device, or other similar device, or some combination of such devices. In some embodiments, a smart home device may include a smart lighting fixture, smart electrical control device, smart monitoring device, smart TV, smart video camera, interphone, or other similar device, or some combination of these devices. In some embodiments, the intelligent mobile device may be a smartphone, personal digital assistance (PDA), gaming device, navigation device, point-of-sale (POS) or other similar device, or some combination of such devices. In some embodiments, the vehicle-embedded device 130-4 may be an embedded computer, an embedded on-board television, an embedded tablet, or the like. In some embodiments, user terminal 140 may include a signal transmitter and signal receiver configured to communicate with a location device (not shown) to determine the location of the user and/or user terminal 140. In some embodiments, multimedia platform 110 or device 150 for information storage may be integrated into the user terminal 140. In such a case, functions that may be implemented by the multimedia platform 110 described above may be similarly implemented by the user terminal 140.

The information storage device 150 may store data and/or instructions. In some embodiments, information storage device 150 may store data received from multimedia platform 110, acoustic output device 130, and/or user terminal 140. In some embodiments, information storage device 150 may store data and/or instructions, in accordance with media platform 110, acoustic output device 130 and/or user terminal 140 can perform various functions. In some embodiments, the information storage device 150 may be a mass storage device, a volatile storage device for reading and writing data, a read-only memory (ROM) or other storage device, or some some combination of such devices. Examples of mass storage devices include a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a solid state drive, and the like. Examples of removable storage devices include a flash drive, floppy disk, optical disk, memory card, zip disk, magnetic tape, and the like. Examples of volatile memory devices for reading and writing data include random access memory (RAM). Examples of such RAM (RAM) may include dynamic RAM (dynamic RAM (DRAM)), synchronous dynamic RAM with double date rate synchronous dynamic RAM (DDR SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM), and zero-capacitor RAM (Z -RAM)) etc. Examples of ROM (ROM) may include ROM with mask programming (mask ROM (MROM)), programmable ROM (PROM (programmable ROM (PROM))), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM (erasable programmable ROM (EPROM))), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM)), ROM on a compact disc (compact disk ROM (CD-ROM)) ROM on a digital versatile disk (digital versatile disk ROM) and etc. In some embodiments, the device 150 for x wounding information can be implemented on a cloud platform. Just by way of example, such a cloud platform may be a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an inter-cloud system, a multi-cloud system, or other similar cloud, or any combination of such clouds. In some embodiments, one or more components of speaker system 100 may access and access data and/or commands stored in storage device 150 via communications network 120 . In some embodiments, the storage device 150 may be directly connected to the media platform 110 as an internal data store.

In some embodiments, media platform 110, terminal device 140, and/or information storage device 150 may be integrated in acoustic output device 130. In particular, as technology advances and the processing capabilities of acoustic output device 130 expand, all data processing can be performed in acoustic output device 130. For example, acoustic output device 130 may be a smart headset, MP3 player, hearing aid, or the like. with highly integrated electronic components such as a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU) and the like, resulting in strong processing functions.

On FIG. 2A and 2B are simplified diagrams of examples of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 2A illustrates an oblique view of the acoustic output device 130. Fig. 2B illustrates an exploded view of an acoustic output device 130. This acoustic output device 130 may be described in conjunction with FIG. 2A and 2B.

In some embodiments, acoustic output device 130 may include earpieces 10, telephone module housings 20, electronic circuitry housings 30, a back brace 40, telephone modules 50, control circuit 60, and a battery 70. Telephone module housings 20 and electronic circuitry housings 30 may be located on both ends of the temples 10, respectively, and the back brace 40 may be further attached to the ends of the electronics housings 30 away from the temples 10. The handset housings 20 may be used to accommodate various headphone modules 50. These handset housings 20 and electronics housings 30 may be mounted at both ends of the temples 10, respectively, and a back bracket 40 may then be attached to the ends of the electronics housings 30 away from the temples 10. The handset housings 20 may be used to installation of various microtelephone modules in them. The electronic circuit housing 30 may be used to house the control circuit 60 and the battery 70 therein. The two ends of the back bracket 40 may be connected to respective electronic circuit housings 30. The earpieces 10 may be understood to be structures configured to mount the acoustic output device 130 on the ears of a user while the user is wearing the acoustic output device 130 and to secure the handset housings 20 and the handset modules themselves in predetermined positions relative to the user's ears.

In some embodiments, the temples 10 may comprise an elastic metal wire. This elastic metal wire can be configured to hold the temples 10 in a shape that matches the user's ears with some elasticity so that some elastic deformation can occur according to the shape of the user's ears and the shape of the user's head when the user wears the acoustic output device 130. , thereby adapting to users with different ear shapes and head shapes. In some embodiments, the elastic metal wire may be made from a shape memory alloy having good strain recovery properties. Even if the temples 10 are deformed by an external force, they can return to their original shape when the external force is released, extending the life of the acoustic output device 130. In some embodiments, the elastic metal wire may be made from a non-shape memory alloy. . A conductor may be provided in this elastic metal wire to establish an electrical connection between the telephone modules 50 and other components such as the control circuit 60, the battery 70, etc., to facilitate power and data transmission for the telephone modules 50. In some embodiments, , each temple 10 may further comprise a protective tube 16 and a housing protection element 17 integral with the protective tube 16.

In some embodiments, the handset modules 20 may be configured to receive handset modules 50. These handset modules 50 may include one or more speakers. The plurality of these one or more speakers may comprise a bone conduction speaker, an air conduction speaker, and the like. The bone conduction speaker can be configured to output acoustic waves transmitted through a solid medium (eg, bones). For example, a bone conduction speaker can convert an electrical signal into vibrations of the user's skull bones through direct contact with the user. An air conduction loudspeaker can be configured to output acoustic waves transmitted through air. For example, an air conduction speaker can convert another electrical signal into air vibrations that are perceived by the user's ear. The number of objects of each type of handset modules 50 and handset housings 20 may be two, which may correspond to the user's left and right ears. Details regarding the handset modules 50 can be found elsewhere in this specification, for example with reference to FIG. 3 - 15.

In some embodiments, earpiece 10 and handset module body 20 may be molded separately and then assembled together instead of being molded together.

In some embodiments, the handset module housing 20 may have a contact surface 21. This contact surface 21 may be in contact with the user's skin. Bone conduction acoustic waves generated by one or more bone conduction speakers from the handset modules 50 may, during operation of the acoustic output device 130, be transmitted from the handset housing 20 (e.g., to the user's eardrum) via the contact surface. In some embodiments, the material and thickness of the contact surface 21 may affect the transmission of bone conduction acoustic waves, thereby affecting the sound quality. For example, if the material of the contact surface 21 is relatively soft, the transmission of bone conduction acoustic waves in the low frequency range may be better than the transmission of such bone conduction acoustic waves in the high frequency range. On the contrary, if the material of the contact surface 21 is relatively hard, the transmission of the bone conduction acoustic waves in the high frequency range may be better than the transmission of such bone conduction acoustic waves in the low frequency range.

On FIG. 3A is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3A, acoustic output device 300 may include a signal processing module 310 and an output module 320. Signal processing module 310 may receive electrical signals from a signal source and process those electrical signals. In some embodiments, the electrical signals may be analog signals or digital signals. For example, the electrical signals may be digital signals received from the multimedia platform 110, terminal device 140, information storage device 150, and the like.

The signal processing module 310 may process electrical signals. For example, signal processing module 310 may process electrical signals by performing various signal processing operations such as sampling, digitizing, compression, frequency division, frequency modulation, encoding, or the like, or some combination of these operations. The signal processing module 310 may further generate control signals based on the processed electrical signals.

Output module 320 can generate and output acoustic bone conduction waves (also referred to as bone conduction sounds) and/or air conduction acoustic waves (also referred to as air conduction sounds). Output module 320 may receive control signals from signal processing module 310 and generate bone conduction acoustic waves and/or air conduction acoustic waves based on these control signals. As used herein, bone conduction acoustic waves refer to acoustic waves transmitted in the form of mechanical vibrations through a solid medium (eg, bones). Acoustic air conduction waves are called acoustic waves transmitted in the form of mechanical vibrations through the air.

For purposes of illustration, output module 320 may include a bone conduction speaker (also referred to as a vibrating speaker) 321 and an air conduction speaker 322. These bone conduction speaker 321 and air conduction speaker 322 may be electrically coupled to the signal processing module 310 . The bone conduction speaker 321 can generate bone conduction acoustic waves in a specific frequency range (e.g., low frequency range, medium frequency range, high frequency range, mid-low frequency range, mid-high frequency range, etc.) in accordance with the control signals generated by the module 310 signal processing. The air conduction speaker 322 may generate air conduction acoustic waves in the same frequency bands as the bone conduction speaker 321 or in different frequency bands in accordance with the control signals generated by the signal processing module 310. In some embodiments, bone conduction speaker 321 and air conduction speaker 322 may be two independent functional devices or two independent components of the same device. As used here, the fact that the first device is independent of the second device means that the operation of the first/second device is not caused by the operation of the second/first device, or in other words, the operation of the first/second device is not the result of the operation of the second/first device. Taking the bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker as examples, the air conduction speaker is independent of the bone conduction speaker because each of the two speakers is independently driven with an electrical signal to generate acoustic waves.

Various frequency bands can be defined according to actual needs. For example, the low frequency range (also referred to as low frequencies) may refer to the frequency range from 20 Hz to 150 Hz, the midrange (also referred to as midrange) may refer to the frequency range from 150 Hz to 5 kHz, the high frequency range (also referred to as high frequencies) may refer to frequency range from 5 kHz to 20 kHz, mid-low frequency range (also called low-mid frequencies) can refer to the frequency range from 150 Hz to 500 Hz, mid-high frequency range (also called mid-high frequencies) can refer to the frequency range from 500 Hz to 5 kHz. As another example, a low frequency range may refer to a frequency range of 20 Hz to 300 Hz, a mid range may refer to a frequency range of 300 Hz to 3 kHz, a high range may refer to a frequency range of 3 kHz to 20 kHz, a mid-low frequency range may refer to a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1000 Hz, and a mid-high range may refer to a frequency range of 1000 Hz to 10 kHz. It should be noted that the values of the limits of these frequency ranges are given simply for purposes of illustration and are not limitations. The definitions of the above frequency ranges may vary according to different application scenarios and different classification standards. For example, in some other application scenarios, the low frequency range may refer to the frequency range from 20 Hz to 80 Hz, the mid range may refer to the frequency range from 160 Hz to 1280 Hz, the high frequency range may refer to the frequency range from 2560 Hz to 20 kHz, the range mid-low range may refer to a frequency range of 80 Hz to 160 Hz, and mid-high range may refer to a frequency range of 1280 Hz to 2560 Hz. As an option, different frequency bands may or may not have overlapping frequencies.

On FIG. 3B is a simplified diagram of another example of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 305 shown in FIG. 3B may be similar or the same as the acoustic output device 300 shown in FIG. 3A, except that acoustic output device 305 may further comprise bone conduction signal processing circuits 316 and air conduction signal processing circuits 317. Bone conduction signal processing circuits 316 may be configured to process bone conduction signals. Air conduction signal processing circuits 317 may be configured to process air conduction signals. In some embodiments, the electrical signals may comprise bone conduction signals and air conduction signals. As used herein, bone conduction signals refer to electrical signals related to bone conduction acoustic waves and/or electrical signals having an effect on the generation and output of acoustic bone conduction waves. Air conduction signals are electrical signals related to air conduction acoustic waves and/or electrical signals having an effect on the generation and transmission of air conduction acoustic waves. In some embodiments, the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 may receive bone conduction signals from a signal source, process the bone conduction signals, and generate an appropriate bone conduction control signal. This bone conduction control signal refers to a signal that controls the generation and output of bone conduction acoustic waves. Similarly, the air conduction signal processing circuit 317 may receive air conduction signals from a signal source, process the air conduction signals, and generate an air conduction control signal. This air conduction control signal denotes a signal that controls the generation and output of air conduction acoustic waves.

The output module 325 may also include a bone conduction speaker 326 and an air conduction speaker 327. The bone conduction speaker 326 and air conduction speaker 327 may be the same or similar to the bone conduction speaker 321 and air conduction speaker 322, respectively, from the output module 320 shown in FIG. 3A, the description of which will not be repeated here. The bone conduction speaker 326 may be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 . This bone conduction speaker 326 can generate and radiate bone conduction acoustic waves in a specific frequency range in accordance with the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuits 316 . The air conduction speaker 327 may be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317 . This air conduction speaker 327 can generate and radiate air conduction acoustic waves in the same or different frequency bands as the bone conduction speaker 326 in accordance with the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuits.

In some embodiments, the bone conduction signal processing circuitry 316 may be integrated with the bone conduction speaker 326 or located in the same housing as the speaker. Similarly, the air conduction signal processing circuitry 317 may be integrated with the air conduction loudspeaker 327, or located in the same enclosure.

In combination with Fig. 3A and FIG. 3B, to adjust the output characteristics (e.g., frequency, phase, amplitude, etc.) of the bone conduction acoustic waves and/or air conduction acoustic waves, the bone conduction control signals and/or the air conduction control signals may be further processed into signal processing module 310 or 315 such that bone conduction acoustic waves and/or air conduction acoustic waves may have different output characteristics. For example, the bone conduction control signals and/or the air conduction control signals may comprise specific frequencies. In some alternative embodiments, the structure of each of the population of at least one component and/or the location and configuration of at least one component in the output module 320 or 325 may be modified or optimized such that the output characteristics (e.g., frequencies) of the acoustic waves can be controlled. bone conduction and/or air conduction acoustic waves.

In some embodiments, one or more filters or groups of filters may be applied to control the output characteristics (e.g., frequencies) of the bone conduction and/or air conduction acoustic waves to process the bone conduction control signals and/or the air conduction control signals in module 310 or 315 signal processing. Examples of filters or groups of filters may include, but are not limited to, analog filters, digital filters, passive filters, active filters, or other similar filters, or some combination of such filters.

In some embodiments, a time domain signal processing method may be provided to enrich the acoustic effects of the output sounds provided by the output module 320 or 325. Examples of such time domain processing methods include dynamic range control (DRC) method, introduction delay time, reverb introduction, etc.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 300 or 305 may also include an active seepage reduction module. In some embodiments, this active leakage mitigation module may output acoustic waves directly, without feedback from a reference signal source (e.g., a microphone) to superimpose and suppress leakage sound waves (i.e., sound leakage) from acoustic output device 300 or 305. Acoustic waves emitted from the output of an active leakage reduction module may have the same amplitudes, the same frequencies, and inverted phases relative to the leakage sound waves. In some alternative embodiments, the active seepage reduction module may emit acoustic waves in response to feedback from a reference signal source. For example, a microphone may be placed in the sound field of the acoustic output device 300 or 305 to obtain sound field information (eg, position, frequency, phase, amplitude, etc.) and provide real-time feedback to the active leakage reduction module. to dynamically adjust the output acoustic waves to reduce or eliminate sound leakage from the acoustic output device 300 or 305. In some embodiments, an active leakage reduction module may be included in the output module 320 or 325.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 300 or 305 may further comprise a beamformer. The beamformer may be configured to generate some sound beam from bone conduction acoustic waves and/or air conduction acoustic waves. In some embodiments, the beamformer may shape this sound beam by controlling the amplitudes and/or phases of the bone conduction acoustic waves and/or air conduction acoustic waves propagating from the output module 320 (e.g., bone conduction speaker 321 and air conduction speaker 322 ) or output module 325 (eg, bone conduction speaker 326 and air conduction speaker 327). The sound beam may be, for example, a fan-shaped beam with a certain divergence angle. The sound beam can be propagated in a particular direction to reach the maximum sound pressure level at the human ear. At the same time, the sound pressure level at other positions in the sound field can be relatively low, which reduces sound leakage from acoustic output device 300 or 305. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 300 or 305 can create a more ideal three-dimensional sound field using three-dimensional (3D) sound field reconstruction technologies or local sound field management technologies so that the user can be better immersed in the sound field. In some embodiments, the beamformer may also be integrated into the output module 320 or 325.

On FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of a resonant system in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, the effect of the structures and/or arrangements of one or more components of acoustic output device 130 on the audio output characteristics of that acoustic output device 130 may be modeled using a resonant system 400. In some embodiments, the resonant system 400 may be described in conjunction with a damping system. containing the mass and the spring. In some embodiments, the resonant system 400 may be described in conjunction with several such damping systems, each comprising a mass and a spring, where these damping systems are connected in parallel or in series. Movement in resonant system 400 can be expressed by Equation (1):

, (1)

, (1)

обозначает смещение в резонансной системе 400.where M is the mass of the resonant system 400, R is the damping in the resonant system 400, K is the spring rate of the resonant system 400, F is the driving force, and

denotes displacement in the resonant system 400.

In some embodiments, the resonant frequency of resonant system 400 may be obtained by solving Equation (1). The resonant frequency of the resonant system 400 can be obtained according to Equation (2):

, (2)

, (2)

обозначает резонансную частоту резонансной системы 400.Where

denotes the resonant frequency of the resonant system 400.

In some embodiments, the bandwidth may be determined according to the half power level point. The quality factor Q of the resonant system 400 can be determined according to Equation (3):

. (3)

. (3)

In the case of multiple resonant systems, the vibration characteristics (eg, frequency response, phase response, transient response, etc.) for each of the multiple resonant systems may be the same or different. For example, each of several resonant systems may be driven by the same driving force or by different driving forces.

In some embodiments, bone conduction speaker 321, air conduction speaker 322, bone conduction speaker 326, or air conduction speaker 327 may each be a single resonant system or a combination of multiple resonant systems. In some embodiments, output module 320 or 325 may also include multiple bone conduction speakers or multiple air conduction speakers.

With regard to acoustic waves of bone conduction, the frequency and bandwidth of the acoustic waves of bone conduction can be adjusted by changing the parameters above (eg, mass, damping, etc.). For example, the resonant frequency can be adjusted to shift into the mid-low frequency range by increasing the mass, decreasing the modulus (e.g., using a spring with a lower modulus of modulus, using a material with a lower Young's modulus as the structure to transmit vibrations, reducing the thickness of the structure to transmission of vibrations, etc.). In such a case, the resonant system 400 (eg, a bone conduction speaker) can output vibrations in the mid-low frequency range. As another example, the resonant frequency can be adjusted to shift into the mid-high frequency range by reducing the mass of the resonant system 400, increasing the spring rate of the resonant system 400 (using a higher spring rate, using a higher Young's modulus material as the structure for vibration transmission by increasing the thickness of the vibration transmission structure, etc., by creating ribs or other reinforcing structures on the vibration transmission structure, etc.). In such a case, the resonant system 400 can transmit vibrations in the medium-high frequency range. As another example, the bandwidth of the vibrations output by the resonant system 400 can be controlled by changing the quality factor Q. As a further example, a composite resonant system containing multiple resonant systems can be provided. The resonant frequency and quality factor Q of each resonant system can be adjusted separately. The center frequency and bandwidth of a composite resonant system can be adjusted by connecting multiple resonant systems in series or in parallel.

As for air conduction acoustic waves, the frequency and bandwidth of these air conduction acoustic waves can be adjusted by changing the parameters exemplified above (eg, mass, damping, etc.) in a similar manner. In some embodiments, one or more acoustic structures may be created to adjust the frequencies of the air conduction acoustic waves. These one or more acoustic structures may be, for example, an acoustic cavity resonator, a sound tube, a sound hole, a decompression hole, a tuning grid, a tuning cotton material, a passive diaphragm, or other similar component, or some combination of such components. For example, the spring rate of system 400 can be adjusted by varying the volume of the acoustic resonant cavity. If the volume of the acoustic resonator is increased, the elasticity coefficient of the system may be lower. If the volume of the acoustic resonator is reduced, the elasticity coefficient of the system may be greater. In some embodiments, the mass and damping in the system 400 can be adjusted by adjusting the sound tube or sound hole. The longer the sound tube or sound hole, the smaller the cross-section will be, the greater the mass and the less damping will be. In contrast, the shorter the sound tube or sound hole, the larger the cross section will be, the smaller the mass, and the greater the damping. In some embodiments, damping in system 400 can be controlled by adjusting the acoustic impedances of materials (eg, tuning holes, tuning grids, tuning cottons, and the like) along the path of the air conduction acoustic waves. In some embodiments, low frequency air conduction acoustic waves can be amplified by adjusting the passive diaphragm. In some embodiments, the phases, amplitudes, and/or frequency ranges of air conduction acoustic waves can be adjusted by tuning one or more sound tubes and/or reflex ports. In some other embodiments, there may be an air conduction speaker grille. The amplitude, frequency range and phase of each air conduction speaker can be adjusted to create a sound field with a specific spatial distribution.

In some embodiments, the user may also adjust the output characteristics of the bone conduction acoustic waves and/or air conduction acoustic waves (eg, by adjusting the amplitude, frequency, and/or phase of the control signal). In some embodiments, the output characteristics of the bone conduction acoustic waves and/or the air conduction acoustic waves may also be controlled by parameters of the resonant system 400 and a user-defined control signal.

On FIG. 5A is a simplified diagram of an example of a bone conduction speaker in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. Such a bone conduction speaker 500 may include a vibration assembly 510. This vibration assembly 510 may comprise a housing 520 or may be mounted in the housing. The vibration assembly 510 may be electrically coupled to the signal processing module 310 or 315 to receive bone conduction control signals and generate bone conduction acoustic waves based on the bone conduction control signals. For example, the vibration assembly 510 may be or include any element (eg, a vibration motor, an electromagnetic vibration device, etc.) that converts electrical signals (eg, control signals for bone conduction) into mechanical vibration signals. Examples of signal conditioning methods may include, but are not limited to, electromagnetic methods (eg, moving coil method, moving iron core method, magnetostrictive method), piezoelectric methods, electrostatic methods, and so on. The internal structures of the vibration assembly 510 may be a single resonant system or a multiple resonant system. In some embodiments, vibration assembly 510 may generate mechanical vibrations in response to control signals for bone conduction. These mechanical vibrations can generate bone conduction acoustic waves.

As illustrated in FIG. 5A, vibration assembly 510 may include a magnetic circuit system 511, a vibration plate 512, and one or more coils 513. The magnetic circuit system 511 may be configured to generate a magnetic field. In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit system 511 may include a magnetic gap. This magnetic circuit system 511 can generate a magnetic field in the magnetic gap. The vibrating plate 512 may contact the user's skin (eg, the user's scalp) and transmit acoustic bone conduction waves to the cochlea of the user when the user wears the acoustic output device 300 or 305. The vibrating plate 512 may also form the bottom wall of the housing 520. As used in the present invention, the designations "lower" or "upper" part of the component are defined in relation to the skin of the user. For example, in housing 520, the wall closest to the skin (eg, the wall attached to the skin) of the user is called the bottom wall, and the wall farthest from the skin (eg, the wall opposite the bottom wall) of the user is called the top wall. Said one or more coils 513 may be mechanically coupled to vibrating plate 512. In some embodiments, one or more coils 513 may also be electrically coupled to signal processing module 310 or 315. In some embodiments, these one or more coils 513 may be placed in a magnetic gap. When an electrical current is applied to these one or more coils 513, the coils 513 can vibrate in the magnetic field and excite the vibrating plate 512 to vibrate and generate bone conduction acoustic waves.

On FIG. 5B is a simplified diagram of an example of an air conduction loudspeaker according to some embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, air conduction speaker 550 may be a general purpose speaker that generates airborne acoustic waves. In some embodiments, the air conduction speaker 550 may be a specially designed speaker customized for certain requirements (eg, output performance requirements). In some embodiments, the air conduction speaker 550 may include a diaphragm 551 and a driver 552. The diaphragm 551 may be a thin film of material sensitive to alternating magnetic fields. Examples of materials for diaphragm 551 may include polyarylester (PAR), thermoplastic elastomer (thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the like. Driver 552 may be a moving iron core driver, a moving coil driver, or the like, or some combination of these components. In some embodiments, driver 552 may receive air conduction control signals from signal processing module 310 or 315 (e.g., air conduction signal processing circuits 317) and drive diaphragm 551 to oscillate in response to air conduction control signals for generation of acoustic waves of air conduction.

In some embodiments, air conduction loudspeaker 550, comprising diaphragm 551 and driver 552, may be mounted in housing 560. In some embodiments, diaphragm 551 may be large such that the interior chamber of housing 560 may be divided into two parts, namely the front part 561 and the back part 562 by the diaphragm 551. The front part 561 refers to the part of the camera located in front of the diaphragm 521 (for example, the lower part, as shown in Fig. 5B) and this part may be referred to as the "front camera". The rear part 562 refers to the part of the camera behind the diaphragm 521 (for example, the top part as shown in Fig. 5B) and this part may be referred to as the "rear camera".

In some embodiments, at least one sound hole (eg, sound hole 570) may be provided in the wall of the anterior chamber of housing 560. The sound hole may be a through hole. Acoustic air conduction waves generated in the front chamber of the housing 560 may propagate out of the housing 560 through the at least one through hole. In some embodiments, when the user is wearing the acoustic output device 300 or 305, the sound hole may face the user's external auditory canal.

In some embodiments, a sound tube (not shown) may be connected to the sound hole. In some embodiments, air conduction acoustic waves passing through the sonic opening may enter the sonic tube and propagate in a particular direction through the sonic tube. With this approach, the sound tube can change the direction in which air conduction acoustic waves propagate.

In some embodiments, a decompression port (not shown) may be provided in the back chamber wall of the body 560. This decompression port may be a through hole to help equalize pressures between the rear chamber of the housing 560 and the space outside the housing. Further, the decompression hole can help adjust the low frequency response of the air conduction speaker 550.

In some embodiments, air conduction acoustic waves may escape through the decompression port, thereby creating sound leakage. In some embodiments, a specially designed decompression port may reduce or completely suppress sound leakage. For example, the decompression port may be larger so that the resonant peak (Helmholtz resonance) of the back chamber of the housing 560 may correspond to a higher frequency. With this approach, low-mid frequency sound leakage that propagates outward from the decompression port can be suppressed. Further, the larger the size of the decompression hole, the smaller the acoustic impedance can be, and the smaller the sound pressure generated by the acoustic waves in the decompression hole can be, thereby reducing sound leakage.

In some other embodiments, a tuning grid (not shown) may be created in the decompression port to reduce the intensity of the resonant peak, thereby reducing the frequency response of the back chamber of the body 520 and suppressing sound leakage.

In some embodiments, the output characteristics of acoustic waves of bone conduction can be controlled by changing the stiffness of the vibrating plate 512 and/or housing 520 (for example, by appropriate selection of dimensions, elastic modulus of the material, ribs and/or other mechanical structures of the vibrating plate 512 and/or housing 520 ). In some embodiments, the air conduction acoustic wave output may be controlled by changing the shape, spring rate, and damping of the diaphragm 521. In some embodiments, the air conduction acoustic wave output may also be controlled by changing the number, positions, dimensions, and/or shape of at least one sound hole and/or decompression holes. For example, a damping structure (eg, a tuning grid) may be provided in the sound hole 570 to control the acoustic effect of the air conduction speaker 550.

It should be noted that the number, dimensions, shapes (e.g., cross-sectional shapes) and/or positions of one or more additional acoustic structures exemplified above (e.g., sound hole, sound tube, decompression hole, and/or tuning grid) may be set according to actual needs and may not be limited in any way in the present invention. In some embodiments, the number, dimensions, shapes, and/or positions of one or more additional acoustic structures may be optimized in accordance with sound leakage from acoustic output device 300 or 305. In some embodiments, optimization may be performed in accordance with sound leakage curves. from the frequency given below. In addition, the spatial arrangement of the bone conduction speaker 500 and air conduction speaker 550 and/or one or more components of the bone conduction speaker 500 and air conduction speaker 550 may not be limited in the present invention. For example, the spatial arrangement of the bone conduction speaker 500 and the air conduction speaker 550 (for example, the air conduction speaker 550 may be located adjacent to the bone conduction speaker 500, the air conduction speaker 550 and the bone conduction speaker 500 may be located one on another, etc.) may vary according to actual needs, and may not be limited here. As another example, the position of driver 552 and/or diaphragm 551 in housing 560, the orientation (eg, front side direction) of diaphragm 551, and the like may vary according to actual needs, and may not be limited here.

The acoustic output device of the present invention can combine a bone conduction speaker (eg, bone conduction speaker 500) and an air conduction speaker (eg, air conduction speaker 550) to provide better acoustic effects and tactile sensations for the user. In some embodiments, the bone conduction acoustic waves and the air conduction acoustic waves emitted from the output of an acoustic output device may comprise sound waves of different frequencies.

On FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the acoustic output device 600 includes a first cabinet 610, a second cabinet 620, a bone conduction speaker 630, and an air conduction speaker 640. The bone conduction speaker 630 may be the same or similar to the bone conduction speaker 500 shown in FIG. 5. The structure of the bone conduction speaker 630 can be simplified as shown in FIG. 6. The bone conduction speaker 630 may be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuits 316 and configured to generate bone conduction acoustic waves in accordance with the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuits 316 . The bone conduction speaker 630 may be positioned on the inside of the bottom wall of the first housing 610. The bone conduction acoustic waves generated by the bone conduction speaker 630 may be transmitted to the user through the bottom wall of the first housing 610. This bottom wall may be in contact with the user's skin. (eg, represented by dashed line 650). In some embodiments, the vibration plate of the bone conduction speaker 630 may be mechanically connected to the bottom wall of the first housing 610, or the bottom wall of the first case 610 may be part of the bone conduction speaker 630 and may be considered as the vibration plate of the bone conduction speaker 630. In such cases, the vibrating plate may vibrate in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin (dashed line 650). In some alternative embodiments, the bone conduction speaker 630 may be located on the top wall of the first enclosure 610, opposite the bottom wall of the first enclosure 610. As used in the present invention, two directions may be considered substantially parallel to one another if the difference between the angle formed by these two directions, and the angle 0 degrees (or 180 degrees) is less than some threshold value (eg 2 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees). Similarly, two directions may be considered substantially perpendicular if the difference between the angle formed by the two directions and the 90 degree angle is less than a specified threshold (eg, 2 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees).

The air conduction loudspeaker 640 may be coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuits 317 and configured to generate air conduction acoustic waves in accordance with the air conduction control signal generated by the air conduction signal processing circuits 317 . The air conduction speaker 640 may be positioned adjacent to the bone conduction speaker 630. In particular, the bone conduction speaker 630 and the air conduction speaker 640 may be located on a reference plane (eg, on the user's skin or on the plane containing the bottom wall of the first housing 610). In this case, the air conduction speaker 640 may be on the side of the bone conduction speaker 630.

The bone conduction speaker 630 may be located in the inner chamber 611 of the first body 610. The air conduction speaker 640 may be located in the inner chamber 621 of the second body 620. The inner chamber 611 of the first body 610 and the inner chamber 621 of the second body 620 may not be connected. The second housing 620 may also be located adjacent to the first housing 610. In some embodiments, the first housing 610 and the second housing 620 may be fixedly connected to one another and attached to one another. For example, the first housing 610 and the second housing 620 may share the same side wall located between them. In some embodiments, the first housing 610 and the second housing 620 may be spaced apart (eg, there may be some distance between the first housing 610 and the second housing 620) and may be connected to one another via a connecting component.

The front side of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 640 may face in any direction. In some embodiments, the front side of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 640 may face downward with respect to the bottom wall of the second housing 620 (ie, the dashed line 650 shown in FIG. 6). The direction of oscillation of the bone conduction speaker 630 (i.e., the direction in which the bone conduction acoustic waves propagate from the bone conduction speaker 630) may be perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin, and the central direction of oscillation of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 640 may also be be perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin. As used herein, the center direction of vibration of the diaphragm refers to the direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 640. The direction of oscillation of the bone conduction speaker 630 may be identical to the direction of vibration of the vibrating plate of the bone conduction speaker 630. In such a case, the central vibration direction of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 640 may be parallel to the vibration direction of the bone conduction speaker 630.

In some embodiments, at least one sound hole may be provided in the wall of the second housing 620. This at least one sound hole may output acoustic air conduction waves to propagate outwardly from the inner chamber 621. For example, the first sound hole 622 may be provided in the top wall of the second housing 620. The second sound hole 623 may be provided in the side wall of the second housing 620 In some embodiments, the second sound hole 623 may be located below the front surface of the air conduction speaker 640 (e.g., the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 640) in a vertical direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the second housing 620.

When the user wears the acoustic output device 600, the first body 610 may or may not be directly attached to the user's skin. The bottom wall of the first body 610 in contact with the user's skin can transmit bone conduction acoustic waves to the user's cochlea through the user's skin and bones. In some embodiments, compared to the bone conduction speaker 630, the air conduction speaker 640 may be closer to the listening position (eg, the position of the user's ear). The second sound hole 623 of the second body 620 can face the listening position so that air conduction acoustic waves can propagate directly to the user's ear, thereby reducing sound loss and increasing the volume of the sound the user hears.

It should be noted that the at least one sound hole (eg, sound holes 622 and 623) may be provided for purposes of illustration, so that the presence and number of such holes are not limited. In some alternative embodiments, sound hole 623 may be unnecessary. The front camera of the second body 620 may be omitted. The air conduction acoustic waves generated by the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 640 can propagate directly from the second cabinet 620 to the outside. In such cases, the air conduction speaker diaphragm may form a wall (e.g., bottom wall) of second enclosure 620. In some embodiments, one or more additional acoustic structures (e.g., tuning grid, decompression port, sound tube, etc.) may be provided. ).

The bone conduction speaker 630 may be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 . This bone conduction speaker 630 can generate and output bone conduction acoustic waves in a specific frequency range (e.g., low frequency range, mid range, high frequency range, mid-low range, mid-high range, etc.). ) in accordance with the bone conduction control signals generated by the circuits 316. The air conduction loudspeaker 640 may be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuits 317. The air conduction loudspeaker 640 may generate air conduction acoustic output waves in the same or in other frequency bands compared to the bone conduction speaker 630 in accordance with the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuits 317 .

For example, bone conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-high frequencies, and air conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-low frequencies. Low-mid frequency air conduction acoustic waves can be used in addition to high-mid frequency bone conduction acoustic waves. The full acoustic output of an acoustic output device can cover both mid-low frequencies and mid-high frequencies. In such cases, higher sound quality can be achieved (especially at low frequencies), and intense vibrations of the bone conduction speaker at low frequencies can also be avoided.

As another example, bone conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-low frequencies and air conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-high frequencies. In such a case, the acoustic output device may provide prompts or warnings to the user via the bone conduction speaker and/or the air conduction speaker because the user is sensitive to mid-low frequency acoustic bone conduction waves and/or mid-high frequency acoustic air conduction waves. frequencies.

As another example, air conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-low frequencies, and bone conduction acoustic waves may contain frequencies in a wider frequency range (wideband frequencies) than air conduction acoustic waves. The mid-bass output power can be increased and the sound quality can be improved. More details regarding frequency distributions in bone conduction acoustic waves and/or air conduction acoustic waves can be found elsewhere in this specification, for example in relation to FIG. 17 - 21.

It should be noted that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Even ordinary experts in this field will be able to make numerous changes and modifications in accordance with the provisions of the present invention. However, these changes and modifications do not deviate from the scope of the present invention. For example, the relative position of the bone conduction speaker 630 and the air conduction speaker 640, the masses, shapes and/or dimensions of the first enclosure 610 and/or the second enclosure 620, one or more additional acoustic structures, and the like. can be modified and optimized according to different needs, which is not limited in any way in the present invention.

On FIG. 7 is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 700 may be the same or similar to the acoustic output device 600, except that the front side of the air conduction speaker diaphragm 740 may face upward relative to the bottom of the second enclosure 720 (i.e., the top wall of the second housing 720). The bottom wall of the first housing 710, which houses the bone conduction speaker 730, may be in contact with the user's skin (eg, represented by horizontal dotted line 750) when the user wears the acoustic output device 700.

In some embodiments, the sound hole 723 may be provided in the side wall of the second housing 720. The sound hole 723 may be located above the front surface of the air conduction speaker 740 (e.g., the diaphragm surface of the air conduction speaker 740) in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the second body 720. In addition, a decompression hole (not shown in FIG. 7) can be provided in said side wall of the second body 720. This decompression hole may be located below the front surface of the air conduction speaker 740 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the second cabinet 720.

On FIG. 8 is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, acoustic output device 800 may include a cabinet 810, a bone conduction speaker 830, and an air conduction speaker 840. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 800 may be similar to acoustic output device 700, except that bone conduction speaker 830 and air conduction speaker 840 may use the same internal chamber of enclosure 810. Bone conduction speaker 830 may be located on the inside of the bottom wall of the case 810. The bone conduction acoustic waves generated by the bone conduction speaker 830 may be transmitted to the user through the bottom wall of the case 810. This bottom wall of the case 810 may be in contact with the user's skin (e.g., represented by dashed line 850) . The air conduction speaker 840 may be positioned adjacent to the bone conduction speaker 830 within the housing 810.

In some embodiments, the housing 810 may define the front chamber along with the front surface of the air conduction speaker 840 (eg, the diaphragm surface of the air conduction speaker 840). This front surface of the air conduction speaker 840 may face upward relative to the bottom wall of the cabinet 810, and emit air conduction acoustic waves towards the front chamber. In some embodiments, the air conduction speaker 840 may be fixed between the side wall of the housing 810 and the retainer wall protruding into the interior chamber of the housing 810. For example, the retainer wall may protrude vertically perpendicular to the bottom wall of the housing 810. Combination of retainer wall, side wall of the housing 810 and the diaphragms of the air conduction speaker 840 may form the front chamber of the air conduction speaker 840.

In some embodiments, housing 810 may have at least one sound hole. For example, the sound hole 822 may be located in the side wall of the front chamber of the housing 810. In some embodiments, this sound hole 822 may face the listening position (eg, the user's ear when the user is wearing the acoustic output device 800). This sound hole 822 may be located above the front surface of the air conduction speaker (e.g., the diaphragm surface of the air conduction speaker 840) in a vertical direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the enclosure 810. In some alternative embodiments, the front surface of the air conduction speaker 840 (e.g., the surface diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 840) may face downward relative to the bottom surface of the housing 810. In such cases, the position of the sound hole 822 may be changed accordingly. In some embodiments, a decompression port 812 may also be provided in the housing 810 to balance the pressure in the rear chamber for the air conduction speaker 840 bounded by the housing 810. As shown in FIG. 8, the bone conduction speaker 830 may be positioned within the rear chamber of the air conduction speaker 840. The decompression port 812 and the air conduction speaker 840 may be located on opposite sides of the bone conduction speaker 830. The distance between the sound hole 822 and the air conduction speaker 840 may be less than the distance between the decompression hole 812 and the air conduction speaker 840.

On FIG. 9 and 10 are simplified diagrams of sound leakage versus frequency curves for an acoustic output device 600 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. The sound leakage versus frequency curve for the acoustic output device 600 is understood to mean a curve representing the variations in the sound leakage from the acoustic output device 600 as a function of the frequency of the sound. With respect to the acoustic output device 600, the air conduction speaker 640 may be positioned adjacent to the bone conduction speaker 630. Sound leakage versus frequency curves can be presented for the acoustic output device 600 under various conditions. The horizontal axis may represent the frequency of the sound. The vertical axis may represent the volume of the leaked sound from the acoustic output device 600. As shown in FIG. 9, the first leakage vs. frequency curve 910 corresponds to conditions where the acoustic output device 600 includes only the bone conduction speaker 630 (the air conduction speaker 640 is excluded). The second sound leakage versus frequency curve 920 corresponds to conditions where at least one sound hole is formed in the wall of the anterior chamber of the second body 620. The third sound leakage versus frequency curve 930 corresponds to conditions where at least one sound hole in the wall of the front chamber of the second body 620 is excluded. As shown in FIG. 10, the fourth sound leakage vs. frequency curve 1010 corresponds to conditions where at least one sound hole is provided in the wall of the rear chamber of the second body 620. The fifth sound leakage vs. frequency curve 1020 corresponds to conditions where at least one sound hole in the wall of the rear chamber of the second body 620 is eliminated. And the sixth sound leakage vs. frequency curve 1030 corresponds to conditions when the weight of the second body 620 is increased.

It can be determined that sound leakage under conditions where the acoustic output device 600 contains only the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 (air conduction loudspeaker 640 is excluded) is greater at most frequencies than under conditions where the acoustic output device 600 contains both loudspeakers - the loudspeaker 630 bone conduction and air conduction loudspeaker 640. Thus, the combination of the bone conduction speaker 630 and the air conduction speaker 640 can reduce sound leakage when the air conduction speaker 640 is adjacent to the bone conduction speaker 630. In addition, the location of at least one sound hole in the wall of the front chamber or rear chamber of the housing 620 may have little effect on the leakage of sound from the acoustic output device 600. It can also be understood that the vibration amplitudes of the non-vibrating walls of the first housing 610 walls and side walls of the first cabinet 610) and the second cabinet 620 can be reduced by increasing the mass of the acoustic output device 600 and the stiffness of the walls of the first cabinet 610 and/or the second cabinet 620. Thus, the leakage of sound from the acoustic output device 600 into the a specific frequency range (for example, in the frequency range above 400 Hz).

On FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, acoustic output device 1100 may include a housing 1110, a bone conduction speaker 1120, and an air conduction speaker 1130. The bone conduction speaker 1120 may be positioned on the inside of the bottom wall of the housing 1110. The bone conduction acoustic waves generated by the bone conduction speaker 1120 may be transmitted to the user through the bottom wall of the housing 1110. The bottom wall may be in contact with the user's skin (e.g., represented by the dotted line 1150). In some embodiments, the vibration plate of the bone conduction speaker 1120 may be mechanically connected to the bottom wall of the housing 1110, or the bottom wall of the case 1110 may be part of the bone conduction speaker 1120 and may be considered as the vibration plate of the bone conduction speaker 1120. In such cases, the vibrating plate may vibrate in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the wearer's skin (dashed line 1150). In some alternative embodiments, bone conduction speaker 1120 may be located on the top wall of housing 1110 opposite the bottom wall of housing 1110. Air conduction speaker 1130 and bone conduction speaker 1120 may be stacked on top of each other. In particular, the air conduction speaker 1130 may be positioned above the bone conduction speaker with respect to a reference plane (eg, the user's skin or the plane containing the bottom wall of the housing 1110). Housing 1110 may include a first internal chamber 1111 and a second internal chamber 1112 arranged in series one after the other in the direction from the top wall to the bottom wall of the housing 1110. In some embodiments, the first internal chamber 1111 and the second internal chamber 1112 may not be connected to each other . For example, the first inner chamber 1111 and the second inner chamber 1112 may be separated by a membrane, an inner wall of the housing 1110, or the like. The bone conduction speaker 1120 may be located in the first inner chamber 1111 of the body 1110. The air conduction speaker 1130 may be located in the second inner chamber 1112 of the body 1110. The second inner chamber 1112 may be the front chamber of the air conduction speaker 1130 as shown in FIG. . 11. Alternatively, the second inner chamber 1112 may be the rear chamber of the air conduction speaker 1130 if the air conduction speaker 1130 is positioned upside down (ie, upside down).

In some embodiments, the front side of the air conduction speaker 1130 may face the bottom surface of the cabinet 1110. The direction of oscillation of the bone conduction speaker 1120 (i.e., the direction in which the bone conduction acoustic waves propagate from the bone conduction speaker 1120) may be perpendicular to the skin of the user, and the central direction of oscillation of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 1130 may also be the direction perpendicular to the skin of the user. In this case, the central vibration direction of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 1130 may be the same as the vibration direction of the bone conduction speaker 1120.

In some embodiments, to reduce sound leakage from the acoustic output device 1100, a decompression port 1113 may be provided in the side wall of the enclosure 1110. The decompression port 1113 may connect the rear chamber of the air-conducting speaker 1130 to the outside and may also be referred to as a rear chamber sound port. In some embodiments, the sound hole 1114 may be provided in the side wall of the front chamber 1112 of the air conduction speaker 1130. This sound hole 1114 may connect the front chamber 1112 to the surrounding area. In some embodiments, the sound hole 1114 may be located below the front surface of the air conduction speaker 1130 (eg, the diaphragm surface of the air conduction speaker 1130). This sound hole 1114 can transmit air conduction acoustic waves to a listening position (eg, to the user's ear when the user is wearing this acoustic output device 1100).

In some embodiments, compared to the bone conduction speaker 1120, the air conduction speaker 1130 may be closer to the listening position and the sound hole 1114 may face the listening position so that air conduction acoustic waves may propagate to the listening position directly through the sound opening 1114. In some alternative embodiments, sound opening 1114 may not be necessary. The front chamber of the housing 1110 (eg, the side wall facing the listening position) may be omitted. Air conduction acoustic waves generated by the air conduction speaker diaphragm 1130 may propagate directly from the enclosure 1110 to the outside. In such a case, the air conduction speaker diaphragm may form the wall of the enclosure 1110.

The bone conduction speaker 1120 may be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 . Bone conduction speaker 1120 can generate and output bone conduction acoustic waves in a particular frequency range (e.g., low frequency range, mid range, high frequency range, mid-low range, mid-high range, etc.). ) in accordance with the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuits 316 . The air conduction speaker 1130 may be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317 . The air conduction speaker 1130 can generate and output air conduction acoustic waves in the same or different frequency bands as the bone conduction speaker 1120 in accordance with the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuits 317 .

For example, bone conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-high frequencies, and air conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-low frequencies. Air conduction acoustic waves of medium-low frequencies can be used as a supplement to acoustic waves of bone conduction of medium-high frequencies. The full acoustic output of an acoustic output device can cover both mid-low frequencies and mid-high frequencies. In this case, you can achieve better sound quality (especially at low frequencies) and avoid intense vibrations of the bone conduction loudspeaker at low frequencies.

More details regarding the frequency distributions of acoustic waves of bone conduction and/or acoustic waves of air conduction can be found elsewhere in the present description, for example, in FIG. 17 - 21.

It should be noted that the above description is merely for purposes of illustration and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Even ordinary experts in this area can make numerous variations and modifications in accordance with the provisions of the present invention. However, these variations and modifications do not deviate from the scope of the present invention. For example, the relative position of the bone conduction speaker 1120 and the air conduction speaker 1130, the mass, shape and/or size of the enclosure 1110, one or more additional acoustic structures, and so on. can be modified and optimized according to different needs, which is not limited in the present invention. As another example, a bone conduction speaker 1120 and an air conduction speaker 1130 may be mounted in two housings separately.

On FIG. 12 is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, acoustic output device 1200 may include a housing 1210, a bone conduction speaker 1220, and an air conduction speaker 1230. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 1200 may be the same or similar to the acoustic output device 1100, except that the front side of the air conduction speaker diaphragm 1230 may face upward relative to the bottom wall of the enclosure 1210 (i.e., the top wall of the enclosure 1210). ). The bone conduction speaker 1220 may be positioned on the inside of the bottom wall of the housing 1210. The bone conduction acoustic waves generated by the bone conduction speaker 1120 may be transmitted to the user through the bottom wall of the housing 1210. This bottom wall may be in contact with the user's skin (e.g., , represented by the dotted line 1150). The air conduction speaker 1230 and the bone conduction speaker 1220 may be positioned one above the other. In some embodiments, air conduction speaker 1230 and bone conduction speaker 1220 may be arranged in series one after the other in a direction from the top wall to the bottom wall of housing 1210. Air conduction speaker 1230 and bone conduction speaker 1220 may share the same same internal chamber of housing 1210. In some embodiments, the front side of air conduction speaker 1230 may face upward relative to the bottom wall of housing 1210.

In some embodiments, the sound hole 1214 may be provided in the side wall of the housing 1210. For example, the sound hole 1214 may be provided in the side wall of the front chamber of the air conduction speaker 1120. In some embodiments, the decompression port 1213 may be provided in the side wall of the case. 1210. For example, a decompression hole 1213 may be created in the side wall of the rear chamber of the air conduction speaker 1230. The bone conduction speaker 1220 may also be located in the rear chamber of the air conduction speaker 1230.

On FIG. 13 and 14 are simplified diagrams of sound leakage versus frequency curves for an acoustic output device 1100 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. The air conduction speaker 1130 and the bone conduction speaker 1120 in the acoustic output device 1100 may be stacked on top of each other. Sound leakage versus frequency curves can be presented for the acoustic output device 1100 under various conditions. The horizontal axis may represent the frequency of the sound. The vertical axis may represent the volume of leaked sound from the acoustic output device 1100. As shown in FIG. 13, the first leakage versus frequency curve 1310 corresponds to conditions where the acoustic output device 1100 contains only the bone conduction speaker 1120 (the air conduction speaker 1130 is excluded). The second curve 1320 of sound leakage versus frequency corresponds to the conditions when at least one sound hole is created in the wall of the rear chamber of the housing 1110. The third sound leakage versus frequency curve 1130 corresponds to conditions where at least one sound hole in the back chamber wall of the housing 1110 is excluded. As shown in FIG. 14, the fourth sound leakage versus frequency curve 1410 corresponds to conditions where at least one sound hole is provided in the wall of the front chamber of the housing 1110. The fifth sound leakage versus frequency curve 1420 corresponds to conditions where at least one sound hole in the wall of the front chamber of the housing 1110 is eliminated.

From this it can be determined that sound leakage under conditions where the acoustic output device 1100 contains only the bone conduction speaker 1120 (the air conduction speaker 1130 is excluded), in specific frequency ranges (for example, 1000 Hz-3000 Hz and 8000 Hz-10 kHz) greater than when the acoustic output device 1100 contains both speakers, the bone conduction speaker 1120 and the air conduction speaker 1130. In addition, the location of at least one sound hole in the wall of the rear chamber of the housing 1110 can reduce the leakage of sound from the acoustic output device 1100 in specific frequency ranges (eg, less than 1000 Hz). However, the location of at least one sound hole in the wall of the front chamber of the housing 1110 may increase the leakage of sound from the acoustic output device 1100 in certain frequency ranges (eg, 3000 Hz - 10 kHz). It can also be determined that the vibration amplitudes of the non-vibrating walls of the enclosure 1110 can be reduced by increasing the mass of the acoustic output device 1100 and the stiffness of at least one of the walls of the enclosure 1110. In this way, sound leakage from the acoustic output devices 1100 in a particular frequency range can be effectively reduced (e.g., , in the frequency range 6000 - 10000 Hz).

On FIG. 15 is a simplified diagram of an example acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, acoustic output device 1500 may include a bone conduction speaker 1520 and an air conduction speaker 1530. The bone conduction speaker 1520 and the air conduction speaker 1530 may be located in the same housing 1510. The bone conduction speaker 1520 may be located on the inside of the bottom wall 1511 of the housing 1510. conduction may be transmitted to the user through the bottom wall 1511 of the housing 1510 when the user wears the acoustic output device 1500. The bottom wall 1511 may be in contact with the user's skin (eg, represented by dashed line 1550). In some embodiments, the vibration plate of the bone conduction speaker 1520 may be mechanically connected to the bottom wall of the housing 1510, or the bottom wall of the case 1510 may be part of the bone conduction speaker 1520 and may be considered the vibration plate of the bone conduction speaker 1520. In such cases, the vibration plate may vibrate in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the wearer's skin (dashed line 1550). In some alternative embodiments, the bone conduction speaker 1520 may be located on the top wall of the housing 1510 opposite said bottom wall of the housing 1510.

The air conduction speaker 1530 may be mounted vertically relative to the bone conduction speaker 1520. In other words, the direction of oscillation of the vibration plate of the bone conduction speaker 1520 may be vertical relative to the central direction of oscillation of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 1530. As shown in FIG. 15, the diaphragm 1512 of the air conduction speaker 1530 may form the side wall of the housing 1510 such that the device does not have a front chamber of the air conduction speaker 1530. The front side of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 1530 may face the listening position. The air conduction acoustic waves generated by the air conduction speaker 1530 can propagate directly in the listening direction. In some alternative embodiments, the side wall of the housing 1510 may be located in front of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 1530, thereby forming the front chamber of the air conduction speaker 1530. The air conduction acoustic waves generated by the air conduction speaker 1530 can propagate in the listening direction through the sound hole in the front chamber wall.

In some embodiments, the direction of oscillation of the bone conduction speaker 1520 (i.e., the direction in which bone conduction acoustic waves propagate from the bone conduction speaker 1520) may be a direction perpendicular to the user's skin (represented by dashed line 1550), and the central direction of oscillation the air conduction speaker diaphragm 1530 may be parallel to the wearer's skin (represented by dashed line 1550). In this case, the central direction of oscillation of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 1530 may be substantially perpendicular to the direction of oscillation of the bone conduction speaker 1520. The vibrations of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 (or the bone conduction acoustic waves generated by this bone conduction loudspeaker 1520) may have no or little effect on the diaphragm vibration of the air conduction loudspeaker 1530, thereby achieving a better sound effect of the acoustic output device 1500 It should be noted that the central direction of oscillation of the diaphragm of the air conduction speaker 1530 may not be perfectly perpendicular to the direction of oscillation of the bone conduction speaker 1520. For example, the angle between the two directions may be greater than or less than 90 degrees (eg, 70 degrees, 80 degrees, 85 degrees, 95 degrees, 100 degrees, 115 degrees, etc.).

Bone conduction speaker 1520 may be electrically coupled to bone conduction signal processing circuitry 316 . The bone conduction speaker 1520 can generate and output bone conduction acoustic waves in a specific frequency range (e.g., low frequency range, mid range, high frequency range, mid-low range, mid-high frequency range, etc.). ) in accordance with the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuits 316 . The air conduction speaker 1530 may be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317 . The air conduction speaker 1530 can generate and output air conduction acoustic waves in the same or different frequency bands as the bone conduction speaker 1520 in accordance with the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuits 317 .

For example, bone conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-high frequencies, and air conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-low frequencies. Air conduction acoustic waves of medium-low frequencies can be used as a supplement to acoustic waves of bone conduction of medium-high frequencies. The full acoustic output of an acoustic output device can cover both mid-low frequencies and mid-high frequencies. In this case, you can achieve better sound quality (especially at low frequencies) and avoid intense vibrations of the bone conduction loudspeaker at low frequencies.

More details about the frequency distributions of acoustic waves of bone conduction and/or acoustic waves of air conduction can be found elsewhere in the present description, for example, Fig. 17 - 21.

It should be noted that the above description is for illustration only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Even ordinary experts in this field can make numerous changes and modifications according to the provisions of the present invention. However, these changes and modifications do not deviate from the scope of the present invention. For example, the number, positions, sizes and/or shapes of sound holes and decompression holes provided in the acoustic output device are not limited to those shown in the drawings. In some embodiments, a sound tube may be connected to the sound hole. In some alternative embodiments, the sound tube may be inserted into the housing 1510 directly through the wall. As another example, the relative location of the bone conduction speaker 1520 and the air conduction speaker 1530, the mass, shape and/or size of the enclosure 1510, one or more additional acoustic structures, and the like. can be modified and optimized according to different needs, which is not limited in the present invention. As another example, a bone conduction speaker 1520 and an air conduction speaker 1530 may be mounted in two housings separately.

On FIG. 16 is a simplified diagram of sound leakage versus frequency curves for an acoustic output device 1500 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. The air conduction loudspeaker 1530 from the acoustic output device 1500 may be recessed into the side wall 1512 of the cabinet 1510. In this case, the mass and rigidity of the side wall 1512 can be increased, vibrations of the cabinet 1510 can be reduced, thereby reducing sound leakage from the acoustic output device. 1500. Sound leakage versus frequency curves can be presented for acoustic output device 1500 under various conditions. The horizontal axis may represent the frequency of the sound. The vertical axis may represent the volume of the leaked sound from the acoustic output device 1500. As shown in FIG. 16, the first leakage versus frequency curve 1610 corresponds to conditions where the acoustic output device 1500 contains only the bone conduction speaker 1520 (the air conduction speaker 1530 is excluded). The second curve 1620 of sound leakage versus frequency represents the sound leakage from the acoustic output device 1500 at other frequencies.

In accordance with the sound leakage versus frequency curves 1610 and 1620, it can be determined that in a particular frequency range (e.g., 150 Hz - 10,000 Hz), the sound leakage from the acoustic output device 1500 is less than the sound leakage from the acoustic output device containing only a loudspeaker. with bone conduction.

On FIG. 17-21 are simplified diagrams of frequency response curves of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. The acoustic output device (eg, acoustic output device 600, 700, 800, 1100, 1200, or 1500) may comprise a bone conduction speaker and an air conduction speaker. The bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker may be independent of each other. The bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker can generate acoustic waves at different frequencies (eg, mid-bass, mid-high, etc.). Acoustic waves with different frequencies can be complementary to achieve special output effects.

As shown in FIG. 17, bone conduction acoustic waves generated by a bone conduction speaker and air conduction acoustic waves generated by an air conduction speaker may contain different frequencies. In some embodiments, bone conduction acoustic waves may comprise mid-high frequencies (represented by the short-dashed dashed line in FIG. 17) and air conduction acoustic waves may comprise mid-low frequencies (represented by the dashed line in FIG. 17). Air conduction acoustic waves containing mid-low frequencies (i.e. sounds with mid-low frequencies) can propagate to the ear of a wearer wearing an acoustic output device through the air, and bone conduction acoustic waves containing mid-high frequencies ( i.e. sounds with mid-high frequencies) can propagate to the user through the bones of that user. Sounds with mid-low frequencies can be used as a complement to sounds with mid-high frequencies. The overall acoustic output signal (represented by the solid line in FIG. 17) of an acoustic output device may span mid-low frequencies and mid-high frequencies. In this case, you can achieve better sound quality (especially at low frequencies) and avoid intense vibrations of the bone conduction loudspeaker at low frequencies.

Typically, human hearing is more sensitive to mid-high frequencies, and human tactile sensation is more sensitive to low frequencies. In some embodiments, the bone conduction acoustic waves may comprise mid-low frequencies (represented by the dotted line in FIG. 17) and the air conduction acoustic waves may comprise mid-high frequencies (represented by the short-dashed dashed line in FIG. 17). In such a case, the acoustic output device may provide prompts or warnings to the user via the bone conduction speaker and/or the air conduction speaker because the user is sensitive to mid-low frequency acoustic bone conduction waves and/or mid-high frequency acoustic air conduction waves. . It should be noted that the mid-low frequency range and the mid-high frequency range may overlap. For example, the maximum frequency of the mid-low band (for example, the frequency corresponding to the half power point on the mid-low frequency response curve) may be higher than the minimum frequency of the mid-high band (for example, the frequency corresponding to the half power point on the response curve for mid-high frequencies). In some alternative embodiments, the mid-low frequency range and the mid-high frequency range may not overlap.

In some embodiments, bone conduction acoustic waves and air conduction acoustic waves may contain the same frequencies. As shown in FIG. 18, the bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker from the acoustic output device can generate acoustic waves at different frequencies (for example, frequencies in a wider frequency range (also called a wide frequency range, represented by the short-dashed dashed line in FIG. 18), or frequencies in a narrower frequency range (also referred to as a narrow frequency range, represented by the dotted line in FIG. 18)). Acoustic waves with different frequencies can be complementary to one another, thus achieving special sound effects. In some embodiments, the bone conduction acoustic waves and the air conduction acoustic waves may contain the same frequencies in the mid-low frequency range. In such a case, the total acoustic output (represented by the solid line in FIG. 18) of the acoustic output device in the mid-low frequency range may be higher than in the mid-high frequency range. In other words, the full acoustic output of an acoustic output device can be amplified in the mid-low frequency range. Because the human hearing threshold is higher in the low-mid range and lower in the high-mid range (i.e., humans are more sensitive to sounds in the mid-high frequency range), amplified acoustic output in the mid-low frequency range may compensate for the above effect of the threshold of hearing, thereby equalizing the sounds with different frequencies heard by the user.

In some embodiments, the air conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-low frequencies, and the bone conduction acoustic waves may contain frequencies in a wider frequency range (wideband frequencies) than the air conduction acoustic waves. Thus, the mid-low frequency acoustic output can be enhanced and the sound quality can be improved. At the same time, intense vibrations at medium-low frequencies can be avoided, thereby increasing the comfort level and safety for the user's hearing. In some embodiments, bone conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-low frequencies, and air conduction acoustic waves may contain frequencies in a wider frequency range (wideband frequencies) than air conduction acoustic waves. By adding moderate vibrations at mid-low frequencies, it is possible to create a tactile sensation for the user along with an auditory sensation, thereby enriching the auditory sensation for the user.

As shown in FIG. 19, the bone conduction acoustic waves and the air conduction acoustic waves may contain the same frequencies in the mid-high frequency range in order to increase the loudness of the sound in the mid-high frequency range or reduce sound leakage in the mid-high frequency range. In some embodiments, air conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-high frequencies (e.g., phase-inverted mid-high frequencies, as shown by the dotted line in Fig. 19), and acoustic bone conduction waves may contain frequencies in a wider frequency range (wide range frequencies). ) than acoustic waves of air conduction. Acoustic air conduction waves can reduce or eliminate sound leakage (e.g., sound leakage from a bone conduction speaker, as represented by the short-dashed dashed line in Fig. 19) at the mid-high frequencies of a bone conduction speaker using the principle of inverted suppression. phases. In such a case, the overall sound leakage (represented by the solid line in Fig. 19) from the acoustic output device can be reduced at mid-high frequencies.

As shown in FIG. 20, bone conduction acoustic waves may contain mid-high frequencies (eg, frequencies in a narrow frequency range, as represented by the dotted line in FIG. 20), and air conduction acoustic waves may contain frequencies in a wider frequency range (eg, wide band frequencies). , as represented by the short-dashed dashed line in Fig. 20) than the bone conduction acoustic waves, thereby amplifying the total acoustic output (represented by the solid line in Fig. 20) of mid-high frequency acoustic waves (e.g., increasing the volume of the sound from the acoustic output device in the mid-high frequency range).

In practical application scenarios, for headphones equipped with an air conduction speaker, the bone conduction acoustic waves generated by the bone conduction speaker can complement the mid-high frequencies from the air conduction speaker. Because the vibration amplitudes of the bone conduction speaker in the low frequency range are relatively large, the user will feel relatively strong vibration of the facial region, leading to a bad feeling for the user. To reduce or eliminate vibrations, low frequency sounds from the bone conduction speaker can be suppressed (for example, by a frequency divider or crossover filter), which can result in a sharp reduction in bass from the bone conduction speaker, thereby degrading the sound quality. However, an air conduction loudspeaker can be used to supplement low frequencies. In particular, the acoustic output device can output low frequency sound through an air conduction speaker, and output midrange and/or high frequency sounds through a bone conduction speaker, thereby providing a balanced sound experience to the user.

As shown in FIG. 21, a bone conduction speaker can output high frequency sounds (represented by a dashed line with short dashes in FIG. 21), and an air conduction speaker can output low frequency sounds (represented by a dotted line in FIG. 21). The acoustic output device can output both high frequency and low frequency sounds, thereby increasing the comfort level for the user as well as maintaining the acoustic effect. In some embodiments, high frequencies can be understood as the frequency range above 300 Hz, 1000 Hz, 10 kHz, etc. Accordingly, low frequencies can be understood as the frequency range below 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 kHz, etc.

On FIG. 22 is a simplified spectral plot of displacement during oscillation versus frequency for a bone conduction loudspeaker in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. Displacements of a bone conduction speaker during vibration at different frequencies can be measured with a laser vibrometer. As shown in FIG. 22, the bone conduction loudspeaker has a resonant characteristic peak at about 180 Hz. Vibration amplitudes of a bone conduction loudspeaker increase rapidly at frequencies around 100 Hz - 250 Hz, which may be an area sensitive to vibrations. In some embodiments, the separation point of the frequency bands of the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker may be set to about 250 Hz. With this setting, the air conduction speaker can generate air conduction acoustic waves mainly at frequencies below 250 Hz, and the bone conduction speaker can generate bone conduction acoustic waves mainly at frequencies above 250 Hz. As a result, the vibration amplitude of the bone conduction loudspeaker can be kept relatively small, thereby effectively reducing the sensation of facial vibrations and leveling the acoustic effect.

With such a description of the basic concepts, it may be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this detailed description that the foregoing detailed description is by way of example only and is not intended to be exhaustive. Various changes, improvements, and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art that are not expressly stated here. It is believed that these changes, improvements and modifications are contemplated by the present inventions and are within the meaning and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

Moreover, certain terminology has been used to describe embodiments of the present invention. For example, the terms "one option", "one of the options" and "some options" mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the considered option, is included in at least one of the variants of the present invention. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be understood that two or more references to "one of the options" or "one option" or "alternative option" in various parts of the present description do not necessarily all refer to the same option. Moreover, specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined as appropriate in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Further, those skilled in the art should understand that aspects of the present invention may be illustrated and described herein in any of a number of patentable classes or contexts, including any new and useful processes, machines, technologies, or compositions of materials, or any new and useful improvements to the above. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, and the like), or through a combination of software and hardware implementations, which may all be collectively referred to as a "module" "unit", "component", "device" or "system". In addition, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable storage media in which computer-readable program code is recorded.

A computer-readable signal carrier may comprise a propagating data signal carrying a computer-readable program code, for example, in the video band or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagating signal may take any of a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, or the like, or some suitable combination of these forms. Computer-readable media can be any computer-readable media that is not computer-readable storage media and that can transmit, distribute, or transport a program for use by or in connection with a system, apparatus, or device for executing instructions. The program code recorded on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including radio link, cable line, fiber optic cable, high frequency signal, or any combination of the above.

Computer program code for performing operations according to aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB . NET, Python or other similar languages, conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" programming language, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy or other languages programming. The program code may run entirely on the user's computer as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through some type of communications network, including a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or a connection may be created to an external computer (for example, via the Internet using the Internet provider) either in a cloud computing environment or provided as a service such as Software as a Service (SaaS).

Moreover, the order of processing elements or sequences given herein, or the use of numbers, letters, or any other designations, is not intended to limit the claimed processes and methods in any order except as may be specified in the Claims. While the above invention has been discussed using various examples, which today are considered to be various useful variations of the invention, it should be understood that such details are provided for this purpose only, and that the appended claims are not limited to the variations described, but rather are intended to cover modifications and equivalent configurations. , which are within the meaning and scope of the described options. For example, the various components described herein may be implemented in a hardware device, they may also be implemented as a pure software solution, such as installed on an existing server or mobile device.

Likewise, it should be understood that in the above description of embodiments of the present invention, various features are sometimes grouped together in one embodiment, drawing, or description to simplify the description and facilitate understanding of one or more of the various embodiments. This mode of description should not, however, be interpreted as reflecting the intent that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. On the contrary, the claimed subject matter does not contain all the features of any one of the above options.

Claims (13)

1. Acoustic output device, containing: a bone conduction speaker configured to generate bone conduction acoustic waves; an air conduction speaker, the air conduction speaker comprising a vibrating diaphragm configured to vibrate to generate air conduction acoustic waves, the air conduction speaker being independent of the bone conduction speaker; And at least one housing configured to accommodate a bone conduction loudspeaker and an air conduction loudspeaker, wherein the angle formed between the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker and the central direction of vibration of the vibrating diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker is 70-115°. 2. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein the difference between 90 degrees and the angle formed between the vibration direction of the bone conduction speaker and the central vibration direction of the vibrating diaphragm of the air conduction speaker is less than a threshold angle. 3. The acoustic output device of claim 2, wherein the threshold angle is 2 degrees, 5 degrees, or 10 degrees. 4. The acoustic output device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the direction of vibration of the bone conduction speaker is perpendicular to the central direction of vibration of the vibrating diaphragm of the air conduction speaker. 5. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein said at least one housing comprises a first housing and a second housing, the bone conduction speaker being housed in the first housing and the air conduction speaker being housed in the second housing. 6. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein the distance from the air conduction speaker to the listening position is less than the distance from the bone conduction speaker to the listening position. 7. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein the bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker are housed in the same housing, the housing housing the bone conduction speaker and the air conduction speaker having a sound hole facing the position listening. 8. The acoustic output device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the bone conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-high frequencies and the air conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-low frequencies. 9. The acoustic output device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the air conduction acoustic waves comprise low-mid frequencies and the bone conduction acoustic waves contain frequencies in a wider frequency range than the air conduction acoustic waves. 10. The acoustic output device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the bone conduction acoustic waves comprise mid-high frequencies and the air conduction acoustic waves comprise frequencies in a wider frequency range than those of the bone conduction acoustic waves.

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