RU2790802C1 - Optoelectronic smoke detector with swivel housing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire alarms.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of fire alarms, namely to optical-electronic smoke detectors for fire alarms with scattered light, as well as to the field of protection of detectors from dust ingress. The technical result is to provide protection of the detector from clogging with building materials and dust during the period of repair work in the room, the exclusion of smoke flow around when it spreads horizontally, and the provision of protection during transportation.

EFFECT: technical result of the proposed technical solution is achieved by the fact that the detector contains a socket with a mount, a plastic case with slotted holes in the side of the housing, a board, an indicator, an optical module, while the housing is made in the form of a truncated cone; casing between the holes there are smoke guide elements in the form of rectangular prisms.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire alarms, namely to optical-electronic smoke detectors for fire alarms with scattered light, which use horizontally ventilated smoke chambers, which are designed to detect a fire accompanied by the appearance of smoke in enclosed spaces, and are also provided with protection against dust ingress when repair work in the premises or transportation.

A smoke chamber is known for an optical-electronic smoke detector, containing a socket and a sensor, which is a plastic case with slotted holes, inside which an opto-electronic system and a board with radio elements are placed, and a protective mesh with a mesh size is installed on the outside of the smoke chamber on the cover 1x1 mm (utility model patent RU No. 85716, published on August 10, 2009).

The disadvantage of this solution is that the protective mesh, as it becomes clogged with dust and other suspended particles (debris), creates additional resistance to air flow, which reduces the reliability and efficiency of the detector, especially at the initial stage of fire development with a low concentration of smoke in the air. In addition, when carrying out repair work in the room, it is necessary to dismantle the detector, otherwise most of the dust can clog the mesh and get inside the smoke chamber.

The closest in technical essence is an optical-electronic smoke fire detector containing a socket and a sensor, which is a plastic case with slotted holes, inside which is placed an optoelectronic system and a board with radio elements (electronic signal processing circuit). (Optical electronic smoke detector IP 212-45, Passport 4371-006-12215496-00 PS).

The practical use of such fire smoke detectors has shown that during operation the frequency of false alarms may increase, and the reason for this is the penetration and deposition of dust particles in the smoke chamber. To exclude the occurrence of such false alarms, the smoke chambers of the detectors must be periodically cleaned of dust. Carrying out preventive maintenance of the detector consists in its disassembly and subsequent cleaning of the smoke chamber. This requires both labor costs and the risk of breakage of plastic latches that cannot be repaired, which leads to the need to replace the detector. According to clause 6.10 of the Passport, when carrying out repair work in the room, it is necessary to remove the sensor from the socket in order to prevent building materials and dust from getting inside, which requires additional costs for installation / dismantling. According to clause 3.1 of the Passport, some versions of the detector can be equipped with a protective cap, which, according to clause 9.3, is used to protect the smoke chamber from dust during transportation, but after removing it during installation and operation, it requires additional space for storage, accounting, transportation, therefore, often is lost and can not be used for the period of repair work in the room.

The technical objectives are to increase efficiency by increasing the reliability of the fire detector by reducing the number of dismantling / installation, increasing the overhaul period of the smoke detector, providing protection from clogging with building materials and dust during repair work in the room, eliminating the flow of smoke during its horizontal distribution, as well as creating universal unified design of the detector, providing protection during transportation, reduction of labor and economic costs without reducing the possibility of control by the maintenance personnel over the condition of the detector.

Technical tasks are solved by an optoelectronic fire smoke detector with a swivel housing containing a socket with a mount, a plastic housing with slotted holes in the side of the housing, a board, an indicator, an optical module.

What is new is that the housing is made in the form of a truncated cone with a removable cover in the form of a disk with a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower base of the housing, a swivel casing in the form of a truncated cone is placed parallel to the side surface of the housing, bounded by the lower base against the housing cover, with the possibility of rotation around its axis. , rectangular holes are made in the casing, on the surface of the casing between the holes there are smoke guide elements in the form of rectangular prisms, providing a stop for turning the casing.

Also new is that in the operating mode of the detector, the openings of the casing are aligned with the side slotted openings of the casing, and in the repair or transport mode, the slotted openings are blocked by the blind part of the casing.

Also new is the fact that when the slotted openings of the housing are blocked, the openings of the rotary casing are placed opposite the part of the housing, on which special colored markers in the form of rectangles or prisms are applied.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an optoelectronic smoke detector in working condition.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of an optical-electronic smoke detector in a non-operating state for the period of repair work in the room or transportation to prevent dust from entering the housing.

Optoelectronic fire smoke detector with a swivel casing contains a socket 1 (Fig. 1) with a mount 2, a plastic case 3 with side slotted holes 4 (Fig. 1, 2), a board 5 (Fig. 1), an indicator 6, an optical module 7, which includes a light source with a light receiver (not shown in the diagram).

The body 3 is made in the form of a truncated cone with a removable cover 8 (Fig. 1, 2) in the form of a disk with a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower base of the body 3 (Fig. 1, 2) by 15-20 mm. Cover 8, due to the diameter of the larger diameter of the lower base of the housing 3, ensures the fixation of the casing 9 on the casing 3 and at the same time allows the rotation of the casing 9 around its axis.

Parallel to the side surface of the housing 3, a swivel casing 9 is placed in the form of a truncated cone with a gap that allows the casing to rotate around its axis and the casing 3. The lower base is limited from displacement from the casing by the casing cover 8. The swivel casing 9 has a wall thickness of 2-3 mm and can be made of the same plastic as the casing 3.

Rectangular holes 10 (Fig. 1, 2) are made in the rotary casing. In the operating mode of the detector, the holes 10 of the rotary casing 9 are aligned with the side slotted holes 4 of the housing 3. The height and width of the holes 10 of the rotary casing are 2-4 mm greater than the height and width of the side slotted holes 4 of the housing 3, which eliminates the flow of smoke.

On the surface of the rotary casing 9 between the holes 10, smoke guide elements 11 (Fig. 1, 2) are made in the form of rectangular prisms 5-10 mm high, which also act as stops for rotating the casing 9 around the axis.

The casing 9 with holes 10 and smoke guide elements 11 is made of molded plastic. When assembling the sensor, the casing 9 is put on the bottom of the casing 3 and fixed with a removable cover 8 connected to the casing 3 using plastic pins 12 (Fig. 1) in the corresponding grooves of the cover 8, followed by the connection of the casing 3 and socket 1 with plastic latches (not shown in the diagram). shown).

Optoelectronic fire smoke detector with a swivel casing operates as follows.

The presence of smoke guide elements 11 eliminates the flow of smoke in the case of horizontal distribution relative to the ceiling. Due to this, when signs of smoke appear, smoke enters the body 3 through the side slot holes 4 and further into the optical module 7. The optical module 7 with labyrinth channels, including a light source with a light receiver, works similarly to most used ones, therefore, the diagram is shown without detail. The pulse sequences of electrical signals generated by the electronic circuit on board 5 are converted by the light source into light pulses. Scattered radiation is received by the light detector, which is optically inaccessible to direct radiation of the light source, the optical axis of which is located at an angle to the optical axis of the light detector. The received scattered reflected radiation is converted by the light receiver into electrical signals, which are processed by the elements of the electronic circuit of the board 5 with the subsequent formation of signals "Standby mode" or in the presence of smoke aerosols "Fire".

To disable (Fig. 2) an optical-electronic fire smoke detector with a swivel casing for the period of repair work in the room or transportation, to prevent dust from entering the casing, turn the casing 9 by the smoke guide elements 11, which also act as stops, to the position when the slotted holes 4 are blocked by the blind part of the rotary casing 9, which prevents dust and debris from entering the detector housing, increases the reliability of operation, reduces the risk of false alarms, and increases the overhaul period. At the same time, a single design of the detector elements is ensured, the efficiency of switching to working / non-working positions without the need to dismantle the detector, the problem of storing protective caps and their loss is eliminated. When the slot holes 4 are blocked, the holes 10 of the rotary casing 9 are opposite the part of the body 3, on which special red markers 13 (Fig. 2) in the form of rectangles or prisms can be applied. Markers 13 perform the function of an additional visual indicator for maintenance personnel to eliminate the risk of the detector being left inoperative after repair work is completed.

Thus, the inventive optical-electronic smoke detector with a swivel casing provides increased efficiency by increasing the reliability of the fire detector by reducing the number of dismantling / installation, increasing the overhaul period of the smoke detector, providing protection from clogging with building materials and dust during repair work in the room, elimination of smoke flow around during its horizontal distribution, as well as the creation of a universal single detector design that provides protection during transportation, reduction of labor and economic costs without reducing the ability of maintenance personnel to control the condition of the detector.

Claims (3)

1. Optoelectronic fire smoke detector with a swivel housing containing a socket with a mount, a plastic housing with slotted holes in the side of the housing, a board, an indicator, an optical module, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a truncated cone with a removable disk-shaped cover with a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower base of the housing, parallel to the side surface of the housing, a swivel casing in the form of a truncated cone is placed, limited by the lower base against the housing cover, with the possibility of rotation around its axis, rectangular holes are made in the casing, on the surface of the casing between the holes there are smoke guide elements in the form of rectangular prisms. 2. Optoelectronic smoke detector with a swivel casing according to claim 1, characterized in that during the detector’s operating mode, the casing openings are aligned with the side slotted openings of the housing, and during the repair or transportation mode, the slotted openings are blocked by the blind part of the casing. 3. Optoelectronic smoke detector with a swivel housing according to claim 1, characterized in that when the slot holes of the housing are blocked, the holes of the swivel housing are placed opposite the part of the housing on which special colored markers in the form of rectangles or prisms are applied.

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