RU2790025C1 - Protected information carrier with optically variable effect and method for its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: security printing.

SUBSTANCE: inventions group relates to the field of security printing and can be used in the manufacture of banknotes, securities, passports and other security printing products. A secure information carrier with an optically variable effect includes a paper, polymer or combined base containing a zone with a regular and/or irregular dot pattern applied. Moreover, the points that make up the raster structure are made in the form of geometric shapes containing straight, broken, curvilinear lines, several colours, and in the area of the raster structure, a three-dimensional raster is applied, made by the method for intaglio colourless embossing, and/or relief embossing, and/or blind embossing, and/or relief printing, and when observing the zone at an angle of 90° from the plane of the information carrier, a uniformly coloured field is visible with a colour resulting from the synthesis of dot structure inks. At the same time, when observing the zone at an acute angle on a uniform field of the protective carrier, the first image is seen, uniformly coloured by colour or stripes alternating in different colours, in addition, when observing the zone of the information carrier at an acute angle and rotated by 90°, the first image changes to the second image uniformly coloured with a colour different from the colour of the first image, or stripes alternating in different colours, different from the colour of the stripes of the first image and changing the orientation of the alternating stripes on the plane of the information carrier.

EFFECT: creation of a new security printing technology, expansion of the arsenal of technical means for creating visual security features based on various visual effects.

6 cl, 17 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of security printing and can be used in the manufacture of banknotes, securities, passports, excise stamps, credit cards, identification documents and other security printing products, which is an urgent task for the security of our country.

One of the most effective and technically feasible solutions for authenticating banknotes, securities, identity cards, passports and other forms of valuable documents is the use of visual security features based on various visual effects. Such visual effects may include, in particular, the effects of the movement of a graphic object, the effect of changing the shape and size of this object, the effect of changing its color, the effect of volume (“3D” effects) or the combination of several visual effects.

The advantages of using these security features are the ease of determining authenticity for the public and cashiers, short adaptation times for the public and the speed of learning, high control performance and a high level of security achieved. Due to these advantages, visual security features are widely used in the field of counterfeit protection, and the constant task of manufacturers of security printing products is to search for new effective and hard-to-reproduce security features with pronounced visual effects.

Solutions are known in which the information carrier is provided with a structure with optically variable properties, for example, RU 2395842 C2, 08/11/2005, with an embossed structure formed and a coating that are combined relative to each other. In US Pat. No. 5,199,744, June 4, 1993, when considering an embossed area of the substrate from different angles, each image and linear part can be distinguished by combining multidirectional stripes in the horizontal and vertical planes.

Technical solutions with optically variable structures are known from the prior art, for example, from RU 2440248 C1, 08/03/2010, an information carrier is known, including a coating made in the form of printed and three-dimensional screens. The optically variable structure is used as a feature that a person can check without the use of auxiliary means, if necessary, along with other features to determine the authenticity of the information carrier. Cards that are used to identify a person or to make transactions or provide services can also be used as a carrier of information. From RU 2235021 C2, 27.08.2004, an information carrier is known, in which the relative position of the printed and three-dimensional screens ensures the formation of moiré in the form of color bands smoothly merging into each other.

The degree of anti-counterfeiting protection afforded by such optically variable embossed security elements can be further enhanced by creating additional visually distinguishable effects by purposefully changing the line pattern or changing the embossed structure. Examples of such additional effects are described in WO 97/17211 and WO 02/20280.

The optically variable effect produced by the known security elements results from the combination of an impression with a blind embossing, preferably carried out with an intaglio printing plate. The disadvantage of blind embossing is that it cannot be integrated into a color printed image obtained by intaglio printing, but can only be used as a separate security feature. This is due to the fact that when applying ink to a printing plate for intaglio printing, it is actually possible to exclude the ink from entering the depressions in the printing plate intended for blind embossing only if there is a sufficiently large distance between its areas intended for blind embossing and the areas rolled up by printing ink.

The disadvantage of all known solutions in obtaining an information carrier with a protective effect is the impossibility of forming latent information images with a stable color-changing image effect, suitable for simple visual verification and at the same time having increased resistance to external conditions and durability of using such an information carrier.

Solutions are known that are used to create a secure information carrier that have a new optical visual effect and an increased degree of protection of banknotes, securities, identity cards, passports and other forms of valuable documents on a multilayer carrier from unauthorized changes using visual features based on a combination of printed and three-dimensional rasterized elements to obtain a stable optically variable image effect. Such a solution is known from RU 2661222 C1, 08/25/2017, in which the carrier is made on a paper, polymer or combined basis and contains a zone with a dotted raster regular and/or irregular structure. On top of the raster structure, a three-dimensional raster is applied, made in the form of an embossed linear spatial structure of the lattice type and/or concentric and/or honeycomb spatial structure. Dots of the printed screen are placed on the side faces, bottoms or blank elements of the three-dimensional structure, regardless of the positioning of the printed and three-dimensional screens, to obtain an image on the media that has the form of intersecting linear structures. When viewed at an angle of 90 degrees from the plane of the carrier, the protective element is visible in the form of a uniform field of the integral color of the substrate inks, and when the carrier is observed at an acute angle, a change in the color of the element to an integral, mixed two colors of the substrate is observed, while when the carrier is rotated, a moire pattern appears, moreover depending on the angle of rotation, a color change and/or a moiré pattern is observed, the pattern appearing as solid moire stripes, discontinuous stripes and/or may have a lattice structure in the form of intersecting moire stripes. A similar solution is known from RU 2659989 C1, 08/25/2017.

In addition to the above disadvantages of known solutions, it should be taken into account that the most important disadvantage for all currently known solutions is that very quickly each patented technology becomes available for copying by unscrupulous persons in order to falsify documents.

This circumstance requires the rapid development of the latest technologies, which must be regularly updated, improved and changed to overcome the possibility of fakes.

Thus, the technical result of the invention is the elimination of these shortcomings and the actual development of another technology that is not available for counterfeiting documents and securities.

The objective of the proposed invention is to create a secure information carrier that would have a new optical visual effect and an increased degree of protection of banknotes, securities, identity cards, passports and other forms of valuable documents on a multilayer carrier from unauthorized changes using visual features based on a combination of printed and three-dimensional rasterized elements to obtain a stable optically variable image effect.

As mentioned above, the main technical result is the creation of another new security printing technology, the expansion of the arsenal of technical means for creating visual security features based on various visual effects.

To achieve a technical result, a secure information carrier with an optically variable effect includes a paper, polymer or combined base containing a zone with an applied dotted raster regular and/or irregular structure, moreover, the dots that make up the raster structure are made in the form of geometric shapes containing straight lines, broken, curvilinear lines, several colors, and in the area of the raster structure, a three-dimensional raster is applied, made by the method of intaglio colorless embossing and / or embossing and / or blind embossing and / or relief printing, moreover, when observing the zone at an angle of 90 ° from the plane of the information carrier a uniformly colored field is seen with a color formed as a result of the synthesis of paints of a dot structure, and when observing the zone at an acute angle on a uniform field of a protective carrier, the first image is seen, uniformly colored with a color or stripes alternating with different colors, in addition, when observing the carrier zone information at an acute angle and rotated by 90°, the first image is changed to a second image uniformly colored with a color different from the color of the first image, or with stripes alternating in different colors, different from the color of the strips of the first image, or with stripes alternating with different colors, different from the color of the first image image, and changing the orientation of alternating stripes on the plane of the information carrier, while the three-dimensional raster is formed by superimposing two gratings made with parallel differently directed elements so that the gratings partially overlap each other over an area of 5-95% of the three-dimensional raster in such a way that the overlap of the gratings forms a section or sections with a mutually perpendicular arrangement of the elements of each of these two gratings or with a mutual arrangement of the elements of each of these two gratings at an angle from 0.02° to 89.8°, and the other part of the three-dimensional raster is formed by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 95% of the area of a three-dimensional raster, with unidirectional elements located without forming an angle to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively, or located at an angle from 0.02° to 89.8° to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively.

A method for obtaining a secure information carrier with an optically variable effect includes applying a zone with a dotted raster regular and / or irregular structure to a paper, polymer or combined base, moreover, the dots that make up the raster structure are made in the form of geometric shapes containing straight lines, broken lines, curvilinear lines, several colors, and in the area of the raster structure, a three-dimensional raster is applied, made by the method of intaglio colorless embossing and / or embossing and / or blind embossing and / or relief printing at a pressure in the range of 5–200 MPa and as materials for creating a three-dimensional raster brass, copper, nickel, elastomer-based photopolymer are used, and when observing the zone at an angle of 90 ° from the plane of the information carrier, a uniformly colored field is seen with the color formed as a result of the synthesis of paints of a dot structure, and when observing the zone at an acute angle on a uniform field of the protective carrier V the first image is seen, evenly colored with a color or stripes alternating in different colors, in addition, when observing the area of the information carrier at an acute angle and rotated by 90 °, the first image changes to a second image, uniformly colored with a color different from the color of the first image, or alternating with different colors stripes different from the color of the stripes of the first image, or stripes alternating in different colors, different from the color of the strips of the first image, and changing the orientation of the alternating stripes on the plane of the information carrier, while a three-dimensional raster is created by superimposing two gratings made with parallel differently directed elements so that the gratings are partially overlap each other on the area of 5-95% of the three-dimensional raster in such a way that the overlap of the gratings forms a section or sections with a mutually perpendicular arrangement of the elements of each of the indicated two gratings or with a mutual arrangement of the elements of each of the indicated two gratings at an angle of 0.02 ° to about 89.8 °, and the other part of the three-dimensional raster is formed by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5-95% of the area of the three-dimensional raster, and the unidirectional elements are located without forming an angle to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively, or are located at an angle from 0, 02° to 89.8° to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively.

An embossing tool, such as an embossing die or printing plate, with an engraved surface that makes it possible to obtain a protective carrier is characterized by the arrangement of the side walls of the first and second multidirectional gratings, having a profile of any shape, or having a trapezoidal profile with a side edge angle to a long base in interval from 45° to 75°.

A manual engraving tool for making an embossing tool is made in the form of a chisel, or an automated engraving tool for making an embossing tool is made in the form of a cutter, a laser.

Experimentally, the authors found that an embossing tool, such as an embossing die or printing plate with an engraved surface, should have a trapezoidal profile with an angle of the side face to the long base in the range from 45° to 75°. Since it is precisely such a shape profile with a side face angle in the range from 45° to 75° that provides the height of the three-dimensional raster sufficient for the clarity of the first image when observing the information carrier zone at an acute angle and for the clarity of the second image when observing the information carrier zone at an acute angle and turning 90°.

In the manufacturing process can be used: hand engraving tool to make engraving tool in the form of a chisel, such as "Vallorbe", automated engraving tool to make an engraving tool in the form of a carbide rod cutter, for example, TCLR-035-330, laser, for example manufactured by Coherent.

Particular attention should be paid to the fact that the change from the first image to the second occurs precisely in the overlap zone of the gratings.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- Fig. 1 shows lattices 1 and 2 - with formed sections of non-overlapping of lattices 3 and one section of overlap 4;

- Fig. 2 shows a variant of the dot structure, consisting of fragments, the boundaries of which are indicated by solid lines 5;

- fig. 3 shows a fragment of a dot structure, consisting of a square 3a, for example, blue, a square 3b, for example, magenta and a square 3c, for example, yellow;

- fig. 4, 5, 6, 7 variants of applying a three-dimensional raster, made by the method of intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and/or blind embossing and/or relief printing, on the dot structure of FIG. 2;

- fig. 8, 9, 10, 11 - options for visual observation of the carrier at different angles;

- fig. 12, 13, 14, 15 - options for the location of differently directed sections of the gratings.

- Fig.16 - shows the execution of geometric shapes containing curvilinear lines.

- Fig.17 - the execution of geometric figures containing broken lines is presented.

Execution examples

Example 1

The manufacture of a secure information carrier with an optically variable effect was carried out according to the following technology - applied to paper, (in other tests, a polymer, then a combined basis was taken).

A zone was created, on which a dotted raster regular (we also tried irregular) structure or a combined one was applied. The dots of the raster structure were made with multi-colored geometric shapes - yellow, purple, blue, green, cyan.

Then, a three-dimensional raster was applied to the area of the raster structure, all methods proved to be suitable for testing: intaglio colorless embossing, relief embossing, blind embossing, relief printing.

A three-dimensional raster is applied when pressure in the range of 5–200 MPa, material for creating a three-dimensional raster brass, copper, nickel, photopolymer based on elastomers.

A three-dimensional raster was made by superimposing two gratings made with parallel differently directed elements.

It was observed that the gratings partially overlap each other. In various examples, such an overlap was used over an area from a minimum of 5 to a maximum (in other examples) 95% of the three-dimensional raster.

At the same time, the overlap was provided in such a way that the overlap of the gratings formed one (in other examples, 2, 5, 8 sections were created) section with a mutually perpendicular arrangement of the elements of each of the indicated two gratings or with the arrangement of the elements of each of the indicated two gratings at an angle in the range from 0 .02° up to 89.8°.

The other part of the 3D raster was formed during the manufacturing process by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 (explored during the development of examples and other values - 12, 20, 35, 50, 65, 78, 95 - all showed the achieved effect) % of the area of the 3D raster , and unidirectional elements were located at an angle of 0.02° to the horizontal or vertical plane.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the execution of a variant of a dot structure consisting of fragments, the boundaries of which are indicated by solid lines 5.

In FIG. 3 shows the production of a fragment of a dot structure, consisting of a square 3a, blue, a square 3b, magenta and a square 3c, yellow.

In the horizontal and vertical directions, the squares 3a, 3b, 3c are spaced apart from each other (in another example, a variant of the arrangement of the squares 3a, 3b, 3c was made without indenting each other).

Plot 3d was left unsealed. In other examples, a variant was created with sealing area 3d with a square, other colors with or without indentation from squares 3a, 3b, 3c.

The dot structure in Fig. 2 covers the information carrier. A three-dimensional raster is applied in the area of the dot structure (Fig. 4). For many additional examples of applying a three-dimensional raster during testing, it was created by various acceptable combinations of methods of intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and/or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

All examples gave a structure with the following results: when the resulting structure is observed at an angle of 90° from the plane of the information carrier, the protective element has the form of a uniformly colored field of color, resulting from the synthesis of dot structure paints (Fig. 8).

In all cases, when the information carrier is observed at an acute angle, an image of the number 1 appears on a uniform field of the protective element (Fig. 8).

In all cases, when the information carrier is observed at an acute angle and rotated by 90°, the number 1 is replaced by the letter A (Fig. 8).

Example 2

The implemented technology was the same as in example 1. In the area of the dot structure (Fig. 2) a three-dimensional raster was applied (Fig. 5) by methods (similar to the series of test examples described as example 1) intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and /or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

The other part of the 3D raster was formed during the manufacturing process by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 (explored during the development of examples and other values - 12, 20, 35, 50, 65, 78, 95 - all showed the achieved effect) % of the area of the 3D raster , and the unidirectional elements were located at an angle of 89.8° to the horizontal plane.

As a result, when viewed at an angle of 90° from the plane of the information carrier, the protective element has the form of a uniformly colored field of color, which is formed as a result of the synthesis of paints of a dot structure (Fig. 9).

When observing the information carrier at an acute angle, an image of a circle appears on a uniform field of the protective element (Fig. 9).

When observing the information carrier at an acute angle and turning by 90°, the circle is replaced by a triangle (Fig. 9).

Example 3

The technology used is the same as in example 1.

As a result, when viewed at an angle of 90° from the plane of the information carrier, the protective element has the form of a uniformly colored field of color, which is formed as a result of the synthesis of paints of a dotted structure (Fig. 10).

When observing the information carrier at an acute angle, an image of the number 1 appears on a uniform field of the protective element (Fig. 10).

When observing the information carrier at an acute angle and turning by 90°, the number 1 is replaced by a triangle (Fig. 10).

Example 4

The technology was used according to a series of examples 1.

In the area of the dot structure (Fig. 2), a three-dimensional raster was applied (shown in Fig. 7) by the method of intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and/or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

As a result, when viewed at an angle of 90° from the plane of the information carrier, the protective element has the form of a uniformly colored field of color, which is formed as a result of the synthesis of paints of a dotted structure (Fig. 11).

When observing the information carrier at an acute angle, an image of the letter A appears on a uniform field of the protective element (Fig. 11).

When observing the information carrier at an acute angle and turning by 90°, the letter A is replaced by a triangle (Fig. 11).

A number of experiments were carried out with different angles from the stated interval.

Example 5

The implemented technology was the same as in example 1. In the area of the dot structure (Fig. 2) a three-dimensional raster was applied (Fig. 5) by methods (similar to the series of test examples described as example 1) intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and /or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

The other part of the 3D raster was formed during the manufacturing process by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 (explored during the development of examples and other values - 12, 20, 35, 50, 65, 78, 95 - all showed the achieved effect) % of the area of the 3D raster , and unidirectional elements were located at an angle of 45° to the horizontal plane.

Example 6

The implemented technology was the same as in example 1. In the area of the dot structure (Fig. 2) a three-dimensional raster was applied (Fig. 5) by methods (similar to the series of test examples described as example 1) intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and /or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

The other part of the 3D raster was formed during the manufacturing process by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 (explored during the development of examples and other values - 12, 20, 35, 50, 65, 78, 95 - all showed the achieved effect) % of the area of the 3D raster , and unidirectional elements were located at an angle of 89.8° to the vertical plane.

Example 7

The implemented technology was the same as in example 1. In the area of the dot structure (Fig. 2) a three-dimensional raster was applied (Fig. 5) by methods (similar to the series of test examples described as example 1) intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and /or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

The other part of the 3D raster was formed during the manufacturing process by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 (explored during the development of examples and other values - 12, 20, 35, 50, 65, 78, 95 - all showed the achieved effect) % of the area of the 3D raster , and the unidirectional elements were located at an angle of 65° to the horizontal plane.

Example 8

The implemented technology was the same as in example 1. In the area of the dot structure (Fig. 2) a three-dimensional raster was applied (Fig. 5) by methods (similar to the series of test examples described as example 1) intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and /or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

The other part of the 3D raster was formed during the manufacturing process by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 (explored during the development of examples and other values - 12, 20, 35, 50, 65, 78, 95 - all showed the achieved effect) % of the area of the 3D raster , and the unidirectional elements were located at an angle of 1° to the horizontal plane.

Example 9

The implemented technology was the same as in example 1. In the area of the dot structure (Fig. 2) a three-dimensional raster was applied (Fig. 5) by methods (similar to the series of test examples described as example 1) intaglio colorless embossing and/or embossing and /or blind embossing and/or relief printing.

The other part of the 3D raster was formed during the manufacturing process by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5 (explored during the development of examples and other values - 12, 20, 35, 50, 65, 78, 95 - all showed the achieved effect) % of the area of the 3D raster , and unidirectional elements were located at an angle of 12° to the horizontal plane.

Please note that the effect is achieved over the entire range of angles from 0.02° to 89.8° using this method.

In addition, it should be noted that the printing and embossing process does not require precise alignment of the substrate and grating elements.

All of the above confirms the compliance of the proposed technical solution with the conditions of patentability of the invention: "novelty", "inventive step" and "industrial applicability".

Thus, as shown by a series of examples, a secure information carrier has been made, which has a public security feature of a high level of security, which has the ability to unambiguously change the information content when viewing conditions change, which does not require high user skills, special devices and control methods.

The resulting visual effects are not limited to the examples presented. When designing a protective element, any letters, numbers, geometric shapes, images, etc. are used.

Claims (6)

1. A secure information carrier with an optically variable effect, including a paper, polymer or combined base containing a zone with a dotted raster regular and/or irregular structure, and the dots that make up the raster structure are made in the form of geometric shapes containing straight lines, broken lines , curvilinear lines, several colors, and in the area of the raster structure, a three-dimensional raster is applied, made by the method of intaglio colorless embossing and / or embossing and / or blind embossing and / or relief printing, and when observing the zone at an angle of 90 ° from the plane of the information carrier, one can see a uniformly colored field with a color formed as a result of the synthesis of paints of a dot structure, and when observing a zone at an acute angle on a uniform field of a protective carrier, the first image is seen, uniformly colored with a color or stripes alternating with different colors, in addition, when observing an information carrier zone at an acute angle and povo by 90°, the first image is changed to a second image uniformly colored with a color different from the color of the first image, or stripes alternating in different colors different from the color of the stripes of the first image, or stripes alternating with different colors different from the color of the strips of the first image, and changing orientation alternating stripes on the plane of the information carrier, while the three-dimensional raster is formed by superimposing two gratings made with parallel differently directed elements so that the gratings partially overlap each other over an area of 5-95% of the three-dimensional raster in such a way that the overlap of the gratings forms a section or sections with a mutually perpendicular arrangement elements of each of the above two gratings or with the mutual arrangement of the elements of each of the above two gratings at an angle from 0.02° to 89.8°, and the other part of the three-dimensional raster is formed by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5-95% of the area of the three-dimensional raster , etc than unidirectional elements are located without forming an angle to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively, or are located at an angle from 0.02° to 89.8° to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively. 2. A method for obtaining a secure information carrier with an optically variable effect, including applying a zone with a dotted raster regular and / or irregular structure to a paper, polymer or combined base, moreover, the points that make up the raster structure are made in the form of geometric shapes containing straight lines, broken, curvilinear lines, several colors, and in the area of the raster structure, a three-dimensional raster is applied, made by the method of intaglio colorless embossing and / or embossing and / or blind embossing and / or relief printing at a pressure in the range of 5–200 MPa and as materials for creating a three-dimensional raster, brass, copper, nickel, an elastomer-based photopolymer are used, and when observing the zone at an angle of 90 ° from the plane of the information carrier, a uniformly colored field is seen with a color formed as a result of the synthesis of paints of a dot structure, and when observing the zone at an acute angle on a uniform field protective carrier visible the first image uniformly colored with a color or stripes alternating with different colors, in addition, when observing the area of the information carrier at an acute angle and rotated by 90°, the first image changes to a second image uniformly colored with a color different from the color of the first image, or stripes alternating with different colors , different from the color of the stripes of the first image, or stripes alternating in different colors, different from the color of the strips of the first image, and changing the orientation of the alternating stripes on the plane of the information carrier, while a three-dimensional raster is created by superimposing two gratings made with parallel differently directed elements so that the gratings partially overlap each other on the area of 5-95% of the three-dimensional raster in such a way that the overlap of the gratings forms a section or sections with a mutually perpendicular arrangement of the elements of each of the indicated two gratings or with a mutual arrangement of the elements of each of the indicated two gratings at an angle from 0.02 ° to 89 .8°, and the other part of the three-dimensional raster is formed by non-overlapping parts of the gratings with their unidirectional elements with an area of 5-95% of the area of the three-dimensional raster, and the unidirectional elements are located without forming an angle to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively, or are located at an angle of 0.02° up to 89.8° to the horizontal or vertical plane, respectively. 3. An embossing tool, such as an embossing die or printing plate, with an engraved surface to produce the security carrier according to claim 1, characterized by the arrangement of the side walls of the first and second multidirectional gratings having a profile of any shape. 4. An embossing tool according to claim 3, characterized by the location of the side walls of the first and second multidirectional gratings having a trapezoidal profile with a side face angle in the range from 45° to 75°. 5. A hand engraving tool for making an embossing tool according to claim 3, characterized by the execution in the form of a chisel. 6. A tool for automated engraving for making an embossing tool according to claim 3, characterized by being in the form of a cutter, a laser.

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