RU2789571C1 - Method for automated localization of leaky timing valves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in internal combustion engines. A method for automated localization of leaky valves of the gas distribution mechanism (GDM) of a 4-stroke automobile gasoline or diesel 3÷12-cylinder internal combustion engine (ICE) of in-line, or V-shaped, or boxer types, longitudinal or transverse arrangement in the engine compartment of a car, of any design numbering of cylinders and any order of operation of cylinders includes pneumosmoke diagnostics of the combustion chamber of the tested cylinder, the piston of which is installed at the top dead center of the end of the compression stroke, and control over the exit of smoke from the control cylinders, the numbers of which determine the leakage of the inlet and outlet timing valves of the tested cylinder. On a personal computer in the operating system Windows-XP, or Windows-7, Windows-8, or Windows-10, a program is launched into which the type of location, the number of cylinders and the type of the diagnosed internal combustion engine are manually entered. They activate and, if necessary, edit the serial and design numbers of the cylinders and receive automatically calculated numbers of control cylinders and their visualization on the cylinder block diagram, which ensures the identification of control cylinders on the diagnosed internal combustion engine, quick and accurate localization of leaky timing valves of the tested cylinder, eliminating the need to combine intake and exhaust cavities tracts of banks of 8÷12-cylinder V-shaped and boxer internal combustion engines. The program calculates the serial numbers of cylinders according to the diagnostic model embedded in it, which are then converted into the corresponding design numbers of the cylinders.

EFFECT: ensuring the availability, speed and reliability of the localization of leaking timing valves.

1 cl, 20 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention according to the International Patent Classification IPC-2021 refers to objects having classification indices F01L 3/04 “lift valves and valve seats with coatings” and F99Z “subjects not provided for in this section, but closely related to it”.

The tightness of the chamfer-seat valve seat of the gas distribution mechanism (GRM) of an internal combustion engine (ICE) is one of the most important factors determining the pressure of the air-fuel mixture and the working fluid in the cylinder and, ultimately, the power, efficiency and environmental friendliness of the internal combustion engine. Tightness is determined by the absence of a gap between the mating surfaces of the valve, but during operation, the gap arises and increases due to wear of the chamfer and valve seat, rubbing surfaces of the camshaft cams, levers, rocker arms, hydraulic compensators and other timing components, alternating loads on the valve stem, and in addition, damage is possible, primarily burnout of the exhaust valves due to the high temperature of the gases at the beginning of the exhaust stroke.

The availability and development of tools and methods for simple, fast and reliable diagnostics of timing valve tightness is an important condition for detecting the gap at an early stage of its development and preventing avalanche-like growth.

Further in the text, for simplicity of presentation, the terms "inlet valve" and "exhaust valve" also mean the plural, respectively, of intake and exhaust valves per cylinder.

State of the art

Diagnosis (GOST 20911-89. Technical diagnostics. Terms and definitions. Table. 1, item 4) of timing valve interfaces includes determining and predicting their technical condition, searching for a location (localization) and failure reasons. Since diagnosis is an indiscriminate process, localization is probabilistic and is carried out according to indirect diagnostic features. Practice shows that if the fact of leakage of the valves of the tested cylinder is determined quite easily, then recognizing whether the intake or exhaust valve is leaking remains a difficult issue, leading to an erroneous technical diagnosis (GOST 20911-89. Table. 1, p. 9), especially when diagnosing multi-cylinder (more than 4 cylinders) internal combustion engines.

Analogues of localization methods are disclosed in the description of the invention to the patent for invention No. 2716935 (URL: https://www1.fips.ru/registers-web/action?acName=clickRegister &regName=RUPAT→Register of inventions→2716935); these include pneumosmoke diagnostics with a smoke generator for car diagnostics (URL: https://www.Auto-scaners.ru/articles/dymogeneratory-dlya-diagnostiki-avtomobilya/), diagnostics of ICE cylinder leaks with a pneumotester (URL: https://www. drive2.ru/b/4908898865559 63887/), etc.

The prototype of the invention is a method for localizing leaky timing valves (patent for invention No. 2716935), which provides localization of leaky timing valves of a 4-stroke automobile in-line, V-shaped and boxer internal combustion engine with a number of cylinders 3 ÷ 12, any constructive numbering of cylinders (cylinder arrangement in the cylinder block (BC)) and any serial numbering (the order of operation of the cylinders). The essence of the prototype lies in the fact that they carry out pneumosmoke diagnostics of the combustion chamber of the tested cylinder, the piston of which is at the top dead center (TDC) of the end of the compression stroke, and by the numbers of the control cylinders from which smoke comes out, it is determined which valve of the tested cylinder is leaky - inlet or high school graduation. The numbers of control cylinders are determined by mathematical calculations. The prototype has two significant drawbacks that make it difficult to solve the technical problem of localizing leaky valves. The calculation is carried out manually, which increases the diagnostic time and sometimes leads to confusion and errors. For 8-, 10-, and 12-cylinder internal combustion engines, the calculation provides a determination of one control cylinder for the intake and exhaust valves, while there are physically 23 of them, and if the internal combustion engine is V-shaped or opposed, and the test and calculated control cylinders are located in different banks of the engine, this forces the diagnostician to combine the cavities of the intake, and sometimes exhaust, tracts of the banks, which greatly complicates and delays the diagnostic process.

These problems of the prototype are solved in the invention. The proposed method for localizing leaky valves is not known from the prior art, it does not follow from the prior art explicitly for a specialist, it is accessible, simple and can be massively used in the automotive service industry, which is why it is a new, industrially applicable invention with an inventive step.

Disclosure of invention

The method for automated localization of leaky timing valves is based on pneumodiagnostics similar to the prototype and the use of a personal computer (PC) with the Windows-XP, -7, -8, -10 operating system and is designed for fast and reliable localization of leaky timing valves of a 4-stroke automobile gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines of in-line, V-shaped and boxer types of longitudinal and transverse arrangement in the engine compartment of a car with a number of cylinders 3÷12 of any design and serial numbering of cylinders. Using this method, all control cylinders are determined, the smoke output from which indicates which valve of the test cylinder is leaking - inlet or outlet. Routine mathematical calculations are carried out automatically by the Leaky Valves Localizer (LVL) program, which determines the design numbers of the control cylinders and visualizes them on the two-dimensional diagram of the localizer's BC, which greatly facilitates their identification on the diagnosed internal combustion engine. All information is automatically displayed on the PC monitor. The program includes the following diagnostic model (GOST 20911-89. Table 1, item 20):

where x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ - serial numbers of the control cylinders of the intake valve;

y ₁ , y ₂ , y ₃ - serial numbers of control cylinders of the exhaust valve;

c is the serial number of the tested cylinder;

z is the number of cylinders of the diagnosed internal combustion engine.

In all internal combustion engines, the serial numbers of the cylinders x ₁ and y ₁ are subject to calculation; in addition, in 8- and 10-cylinder internal combustion engines x ₂ and y ₂ , in 12-cylinder internal combustion engines x ₃ and y ₃ . The sequence numbers are then converted by the program into the corresponding design numbers according to the table of correspondence between design and serial numbers:

where X _i - design numbers of the control cylinders of the intake valve;

Y _j - design numbers of the control cylinders of the exhaust valve.

For example, for a 12-cylinder internal combustion engine, the table of correspondence between design and serial numbers can have one of the following typical types:

Visualization of the results of calculations on the BC scheme consists in coloring the number of the tested cylinder and design numbers in different colors.

The diagnostic model is implemented by the LVL program according to the algorithm (Fig. 1).

In the main window of the LVL program (Fig. 2), hovering over the cursor brings up information (Fig. 3), help (Fig. 4) and manufacturer's contacts (Fig. 5), and also enters the initial characteristics of the diagnosed internal combustion engine (Fig. 6): location in engine compartment, number of cylinders and engine type.

The method for automated localization of leaky timing valves includes pneumosmoke diagnostics of the combustion chambers of the tested cylinders and automatic calculation of the design numbers of the control cylinders by the LVL program.

Pneumosmoke diagnosis is similar to the prototype: the piston of the tested cylinder is set to TDC of the end of the compression stroke; smoke is forced into the combustion chamber through the spark plug/injector hole and the numbers of the control cylinders from which the smoke comes out are recorded. If smoke does not come out of the cylinders, the diagnosis is made: the valves of the tested cylinder are tight.

If smoke comes out of the control cylinders, then, unlike the prototype, the LVL program is used, which is as follows. Manually enter the initial characteristics of the diagnosed internal combustion engine - type of location, number of cylinders and type, as shown in the example of a longitudinally located 12-cylinder V-shaped internal combustion engine with (Fig. 7); by clicking on the "Next" button, a window is opened (Fig. 8) containing the BC scheme, ordinal and constructive numbering of the cylinders by default. According to the hint (at the bottom of the window), the operating order of the cylinders is activated and edited by moving the cursor sequentially from left to right over the serial numbers and selecting them to edit the operating order for the corresponding diagnosed internal combustion engine. Activation of the last serial number activates the design number 1 of the cylinder of the BC scheme (Fig. 9), after which, according to the new prompt (below), the design numbers of the cylinders on the BC diagram are activated and edited by successively moving the cursor in ascending order of numbers and selecting them for editing on the corresponding diagnosed ICE (Fig. 10). Activation of the last design number activates the next hint, following which, by clicking on the mouse, the number of the tested cylinder is selected on the BC diagram (for example, this is number 5) (Fig. 11), which is painted red and reflected to the left of the engine compartment, and press the button " Control”, which leads to the instant calculation of the numbers of the control cylinders and their visualization (Fig. 12): the design numbers of the control cylinders of the intake valve (in the example it is 7, 6, 10) are painted in blue, the design numbers of the control cylinders of the exhaust valve (11 , 4, 9) in green, and are also reflected to the right of the engine compartment.

Then, according to the received design numbers of the control cylinders of the BC scheme, the numbers of the control cylinders on the diagnosed internal combustion engine are identified, from which smoke comes out, and a diagnosis is determined, which indicates which valve of the test cylinder is leaking - inlet or outlet.

Similarly, the timing valves of the remaining engine cylinders are localized by highlighting the number of the tested cylinder on the BC diagram with a mouse click and pressing the "Control" button.

Input errors are corrected by pressing the "Reset" button, which resets the window to its original state. To go to the main window, press the title of the main window or the button with the symbol of the main window, which is simultaneously reset.

The numbers of cylinders on the BC diagram that are on the compression stroke (in Fig. 12 these are cylinders 3 and 8), when you press the "Control" button, they turn purple; cylinders on the stroke stroke (cylinder 1) in orange; cylinder in the valve overlapping phase (cylinder 2) in light green. This information is not directly related to the proposed method, but it can be used when performing other engine diagnostics operations related to the stroke / phase of the cylinders.

According to the duty cycle of 36-cylinder internal combustion engines, the LVL program determines one control cylinder per intake and exhaust valve of the tested cylinder. So, the phase diagram of a 6-cylinder internal combustion engine (Fig. 13) shows that when testing, for example, a cylinder with serial number 3, the piston of which is at TDC between the compression and stroke strokes in the 600 ° phase (closed arrows), one by one intake and exhaust valve of cylinders with serial numbers 5 and 1.

From the phase diagram of an 8-cylinder internal combustion engine (Fig. 14), it follows that when testing, for example, a cylinder with serial number 4, the piston of which is at TDC between the compression and stroke strokes in phase 630 ° (closed arrows), two intake valves are open cylinders with serial numbers 6, 7 and two exhaust valves of cylinders with serial numbers 1, 2. The same number of open valves, and therefore control cylinders, is also available in a 10-cylinder internal combustion engine. In a 12-cylinder internal combustion engine, three intake and exhaust valves are open at the same time, i.e. respectively, there are three control cylinders for the intake and exhaust valves of the tested cylinder. The LVL program takes into account the total number of control cylinders, which ensures the localization of leaking valves by means of control cylinders located in the same bank as the tested cylinder. So, in the above example, when testing cylinder 5 (Fig. 12) in the right bank (in the direction of the car), cylinders 7 and 11 are control. If localization is carried out by means of 6, 7 and 4, 9 control cylinders, then a laborious operation of combining the cavities of the tracts of the same name of both banks may be necessary.

Thus, the proposed method for localizing leaky timing valves differs from the prototype by automatic calculation and visualization of all control cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which ensures the exclusion of the operation of combining the cavities of the intake and exhaust tracts of banks of 8÷12-cylinder V-shaped and boxer engines.

The technical result when applying the proposed method is objectively manifested in such technical effects and properties as accessibility, speed and reliability of localization of leaky timing valves of said internal combustion engines of any design and ordinal numbering of cylinders. The technical result is in a direct causal relationship with such essential features of the method as novelty, simplicity, speed, accuracy, low labor intensity and versatility.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1. Algorithm of the LVL program.

Fig. 2. The main window of the LVL program.

Fig. 3. Information on the application of the LVL program.

Fig. 4. Information about the procedure for using the LVL program.

Fig. 5. Contact details of the manufacturer of the LVL program.

Fig. 6. Characteristics of diagnosed internal combustion engines.

Fig. 7. An example of entering the characteristics of the diagnosed internal combustion engine.

Fig. 8. An example of a diagnosable internal combustion engine window.

Fig. 9. An example of activating the order of operation of the cylinders.

Fig. 10. An example of activation and editing of constructive numbers.

Fig. 11. An example of a tested cylinder of a diagnosed internal combustion engine.

Fig. 12. An example of control and other cylinders of a diagnosed internal combustion engine.

Fig. 13. Phase diagram of a 6-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Fig. 14. Phase diagram of an 8-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Fig. 15. Practical localization of the timing valves of a 3-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Fig. 16. Practical localization of the timing valves of a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Fig. 17. Practical localization of the timing valves of a 5-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Fig. 18. Practical localization of the timing valves of a 6-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Fig. 19. Practical localization of the timing valves of an 8-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Fig. 20. Practical localization of the timing valves of a 10-cylinder internal combustion engine.

Implementation of the invention

The method of automated localization of leaky timing valves is designed to locate leaky timing valves of 4-stroke 3÷12-cylinder in-line, V-shaped and boxer internal combustion engines with any design numbering of cylinders in the cylinder block and any cylinder operation order. The method includes pneumosmoke diagnostics of internal combustion engine cylinders, calculation and visualization of numbers of control cylinders of the inlet and outlet valves of the tested cylinder using the LVL computer program operating in the Windows-XP, -7, -8, -10 environment.

Specifications:

completeness smoke generator lvl.exe program type of diagnosed internal combustion engine in-line, V-shaped, boxer number of cylinders of the diagnosed internal combustion engine 3÷12 location of the engine in the engine compartment transverse, longitudinal constructive numbering of cylinders in the cylinder block any the order of the cylinders any input of initial data manual calculation of control cylinders auto visualization of the location of the internal combustion engine automatic visualization of calculated cylinders automatic color calculation and visualization time of calculated cylinders less than 0.1 sec. computer operating system Windows XP, -7, -8, -10 computer processor clock speed 1 ghz and above computer RAM 512 Mb and above scope of the program LVL 2.7 Mb

The technical characteristics of the method for automated localization of leaky timing valves are confirmed by numerous practical examples.

Example 1. Daewoo Matiz 0.8 2004. 3-cylinder engine Engine code: F8CV. When testing cylinder 2, smoke comes out of the control cylinder 3. The leak in the exhaust valve of cylinder 2 was determined by means of the LVL program (Fig. 15). The dismantling of the cylinder head (cylinder head) showed burnout of the exhaust valve of cylinder 2, which confirmed the diagnosis.

Example 2 Subary Forester 2.0 2002 4-cylinder boxer engine Engine code: EJ201. When testing cylinder 4, smoke comes out of the control cylinder 2. By means of the LVL program, the leakage of the intake valve of cylinder 4 is determined (Fig. 16). Since intake valves fail less frequently than exhaust valves, before the decision was made to dismantle the cylinder head, the hydraulic compensator of the intake valve of cylinder 4 was checked and replaced, and the valve tightness was restored. Rapid correct diagnosis significantly reduced the time and laboriousness of diagnosis and repair.

Example 3. Car Audi 100 2.3 1994. 5-cylinder engine Engine code: AAR. When testing cylinder 1, smoke comes out of the control cylinder 5. By means of the LVL program, the leakage of the exhaust valve of cylinder 1 was determined (Fig. 17). The dismantling of the cylinder head showed a slight sink in the chamfer of the exhaust valve of cylinder 2, which confirmed the diagnosis. The sink was eliminated by grinding the chamfer and saddle.

Example 4. Car Opel Vectra-B 2.5 2000. 6-cylinder V-engine Engine code: X25XE. When testing cylinder 6, smoke comes out of the control cylinder 2. By means of the LVL program, the leakage of the exhaust valve of cylinder 6 was determined (Fig. 18). Checking and replacing the hydraulic compensator of the inlet valve of cylinder 6 restored the tightness of the valve. Correct diagnosis accelerated diagnosis and repair.

Example 5 BMW 7 Series (E38) 4.0 740i 1995 8-cylinder V engine Engine code: 40 8S cylinder 7 (Fig. 19). As a result of dismantling the cylinder head and replacing the valve, its tightness was restored. Correct diagnosis accelerated diagnosis and repair.

Example 6. Audi S6 5.2 FSI 2007. 10-cylinder V-engine Engine code: ВХА. When testing cylinder 8, smoke comes out of the control cylinders 6 and 1. By means of the LVL program, the leakage of the inlet valve of cylinder 8 is determined (Fig. 20). As a result of flushing the hydraulic compensator, the tightness of the valve was restored. Correct diagnosis greatly accelerated diagnosis and repair.

Thus, a technical result has been achieved, confirmed by numerous experimental data obtained during practical diagnostics of 4-stroke automobile in-line, V-shaped and boxer gasoline and diesel 3÷12-cylinder internal combustion engines with any arrangement and order of operation of the cylinders.

Claims (6)

A method for automated localization of leaking valves of the gas distribution mechanism (GRM) of a 4-stroke automobile gasoline or diesel 3÷12-cylinder internal combustion engine (ICE) of in-line, or V-shaped, or boxer types, longitudinal or transverse arrangement in the engine compartment of a car, of any design numbering of cylinders and any order of operation of cylinders, including pneumosmoke diagnostics of the combustion chamber of the tested cylinder, the piston of which is installed at the top dead center of the end of the compression stroke, and control over the exit of smoke from the control cylinders, the numbers of which determine the leakage of the inlet and outlet timing valves of the tested cylinder, which differs by the fact that on a personal computer in the operating system Windows-XP, or Windows-7, or Windows-8, or Windows-10, they launch a program into which they manually enter the type of location, the number of cylinders and the type of the diagnosed internal combustion engine, activate and, if necessary, edit ordinal and design numbers of cylinders and receive automatically calculated numbers of control cylinders and their visualization on the cylinder block diagram, providing identification of control cylinders on the diagnosed internal combustion engine, quick and accurate localization of leaky timing valves of the tested cylinder, eliminating the need to combine the cavities of the intake and exhaust tracts of banks 8÷12- cylinder V-shaped or boxer internal combustion engines, while the program calculates the serial numbers of cylinders according to the diagnostic model embedded in it:

where x _1, x ₂ , x ₃ - serial numbers of the control cylinders of the intake valve; y ₁ , y ₂ , y ₃ - serial numbers of control cylinders of the exhaust valve; c is the serial number of the tested cylinder; z is the number of cylinders of the diagnosed internal combustion engine, which is then converted into the corresponding design numbers of the cylinders.

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