RU2789000C1 - Device for electric pulse processing of raw meat - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: meat industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for use in the meat industry and relates to devices for processing meat raw materials. The apparatus includes a source of low-frequency electrical vibrations that creates a low-frequency electromagnetic field. A generator of unipolar triangular pulses with a frequency of 10-500 Hz is used as a source of low-frequency electrical oscillations. The solenoid has a ferrite core. The emitter has a bifilar winding.

EFFECT: invention enables to increase the shelf life of meat raw materials.

1 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention is intended for use in the meat industry and relates to devices for processing raw meat.

Known technical solution described in the Russian patent No. 2065282, 20.08.1996, class. A23L 3/32 Semchenko D.A., Ostrikov M.M., Alekseeva S.P. "Device for electromagnetic processing of vegetable raw materials", containing an emitter in the form of an electromagnet with poles of cores having a certain geometric shape, installed above a conveyor with a drive.

Also known is a device for processing a biological object (see RF patent No. 2078490, A01C 1/00, 1997) consisting of a source of low-frequency electrical oscillations and an emitter in the form of a solenoid.

Also known is a method for processing meat raw materials (According to (patent RU No. 2489025 class C1 A23V 4/01, 2013, prototype) Reshetnyak A.I., Bebko D.A., Nesterenko A.A., Bessalaya I.I. "Method raw meat processing.

The disadvantage of the known technical solutions is the lack of efficiency and duration of processing.

EFFECT: obtaining environmentally friendly meat raw materials, increasing the shelf life by reducing microbial contamination and processing time, as well as improving the quality of meat raw materials and increasing the digestibility of the product.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a device for processing meat raw materials consisting of a source of low-frequency electrical oscillations and an emitter in the form of a solenoid using a bifilar winding of a conductor, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of processing, according to the invention, a generator of unipolar triangular pulses with a frequency 10-500 Hz, the solenoid has a ferrite core, the emitter has a bifilar winding, which increases the processing efficiency, and creates a low-frequency electromagnetic field with an energy of more than 9 kcal/mol, i.e. higher than the breaking energy of hydrogen bonds in a biological cell.

The novelty of the proposed proposal is due to the fact that the use of unipolar low-frequency triangular pulses with a frequency of 10-500 Hz, this frequency range allows you to achieve a technical result, in the event of changes in the distance and thickness of the processed meat raw material, using a solenoid with a bifilar winding of the conductor, allows you to increase the processing efficiency and increase the magnetic induction of the field by 2 times. The corresponding resonant frequency of the electromagnetic field for intramolecular transformations in meat raw materials with an energy higher than the energy of breaking hydrogen bonds in a biological cell, reduces the processing time, up to 10 minutes and effectively affects pathogenic microbes, obtaining a homogeneous protein mass from meat raw materials with partial protein denaturation, providing increasing the shelf life and improving the quality of the meat product.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing, where in Fig. 1 shows a device for processing meat raw materials, Fig. 2 is a diagram of a generator of unipolar low-frequency triangular pulses.

The device for processing raw meat contains as a source of low-frequency electrical oscillations a generator of unipolar triangular pulses of FIG. 2; and the emitter of Fig. 1 in the form of a solenoid, with a ferrite core 1 and a bifilar winding 4 that creates a low-frequency electromagnetic field with a strength of 20-30 V / m and a magnetic induction of not more than 12 mT, providing a field energy of more than 9 kcal / mol. Under the radiator there is a platform 5 on which the meat raw material 2 is placed, so that the radiation 3 falls on the meat raw material.

The electrical circuit of the generator of unipolar low-frequency triangular pulses consists of two parts: a pulse generator and a control circuit.

The electrical circuit of the unipolar pulse generator in (Fig. 2) consists of a control pulse generator and a power section. The control pulse generator can be made on the basis of a relaxation generator using a unijunction transistor.

The control circuit is designed to control the VD10 thyristor, the main control element. The main element that controls the thyristor is a unijunction transistor VT1. Frequency generation occurs from the control circuit when interacting with the VD10 thyristor, the value of this frequency is up to 2000 Hz. If we consider the power part of the circuit, then here is shown a circuit based on full-wave rectification, with the subsequent flow of a signal to the capacitances and the inductor, respectively C3, C4 and L1, connected in series and parallel to the VD10 thyristor, and designed to support and amplify the applied pulses in the power parts of the circuit, and the role of the filter elements of the generated frequency, taking into account the load Rн. This type of control circuit based on a silicon triode (transistor) with one junction is a very convenient device for building thyristor control circuits. The advantages of these devices are: a stable unlocking (switching) voltage, a very low unlocking current, a wide operating temperature range and a large allowable amplitude value of the emitter current, transistor VT1. Also, the circuit is characterized by simplicity, compactness and low power consumption.

Let's make a mathematical calculation of the electromagnetic parameters of the emitter affecting the biology and histology of meat products.

According to the oscillogram in Fig. 3, we know that the signal frequency is f = 290-500 Hz, the pulse duration is t = 2 ms, the signal period is T = 20 ms, the voltage in the pulse is from U _cf = 70 V to U _a = 90 V, the current in the pulse is from I _cf \u003d 1 A to I _a \u003d 25 A resistance of the radiating device r \u003d 4 Ohm. Let's determine the duty cycle of the signal:

Determine the average and amplitude power

P _cp \u003d I _cp × U _cp \u003d 70 × 1 \u003d 70 W,

P _a \u003d I _a × U _a \u003d 90 × 25 \u003d 2250 W.

Find the energy of one pulse average and amplitude

E _сp =P _cp ×t=70×2×10 ^-3 =0.14×c=0.14 J,

E _a \u003d P _a ×t \u003d 2250 × 2 × 10 ^-3 \u003d 4.5 W × s \u003d 4.5 J.

Since there are 2.39 kcal in 1 J, then when converted to kcal, 4.5 J = 10.75 kcal, i.e. the resulting energy value is greater than the energy of breaking hydrogen bonds in a biological cell.

In the future, in order to calculate the energy of electromagnetic radiation, we will convert the energy indicators into electron volts, it is known that eV = 1.602 × 10 ^-19 J, then

E _cp =8.739×10 ¹⁷ eV

E _a =2.808×l0 ¹⁹ eV

Let's calculate the range of change in the energy of the signal of the electric impulse action

E _cp.cig =E _cp ×f=8.739×l0 ¹⁷ ×290=2.534×10 ²⁰ eV

E _a.sig = E _a ×f=2.808×l0 ¹⁹ ×500=1.404×10 ²² eV

According to the calculation data, we will calculate the energy of the emitted photon in this process, for this we will use the reference data on the amount of electron content in 1 cm ³ \u003d 615 × 1022 pcs. Let us calculate the volume of copper wire used in the radiated installation in Figure 2, indicated by 1. It is known that the length of the copper wire is equal to L=600 cm for the bifilar winding, the cross section of the wire is d=0.025 cm ² , then the volume of the copper wire is

V=600×0.025=15 cm ³

Find the number of electrons in a given volume of wire

n _B \u003d 15 × 6 15 × 10 ²² \u003d 9.225 × 10 ²⁵ pcs.

Let's find the energy of one photon emitted from the radiating installation for this, we use

E with r. f=2.534×10 20/ 9.225×10 25=2.7×10 - 6 e V

Ea. f=1.404×10 22 9.225×10 25=1.52×10-4eV

Let us determine the wavelength range of photon radiation using Planck's constant h=6.626×10 ^-24 and the speed of light С=2.9979×10 ^{8 m} /s

The obtained data of the photon radiation wavelength according to [Kozhaeva D.K. Disinfection of poultry meat with microwave energy / D.K. Kozhaeva // Veterinary Bulletin. - 1998 No. 9 (3). - S. 42-44.] are included in the X-ray wavelength range, this is presumably the main factor influencing the biology and histology of meat products.

Device for processing raw meat works as follows.

Depending on the distance to the object being processed, the specified frequency of electrical impulses is set. A few minutes after turning on the unipolar triangular pulse generator of FIG. 2, fig. 1 and an emitter in the form of a solenoid with a bifilar winding 4 of FIG. 1 the process becomes established. After processing, the meat raw material is checked for the presence of pathogenic bacteria and its structure, and the processed meat raw material is sent for the preparation of the finished product.

When electromagnetic-pulse action on meat raw materials by a low-frequency electromagnetic field created by triangular unipolar pulses with a frequency of 10-500 Hz, meat raw materials are disinfected. It is known from biological and chemical studies that each native unit has its own frequency of electromagnetic radiation, therefore, if conditions for resonance of external electromagnetic influences with internal cell radiations are created, then internal destruction of the biological unit may occur. Experimentally, triangular-shaped signals were used, which are shown in Fig. 3.

It can be seen from the oscillogram that the voltage in the pulse is 60 volts, the frequency range was studied from 10 to 500 Hz, where the resonant mode of influence on the biology and histology of the meat product was clearly manifested. The experiment on the impact on meat products (beef) included an exposure duration of up to 10 minutes for each biological unit with a frequency range from 10 to 500 Hz, as a result, the following data on the biology and histology of meat products were obtained, which are presented in table 1.

Histological examination of the "treated" striated muscle tissue in all species had structural changes in muscle fibers, which were characterized by lysis of myofibrils. The connective tissue between muscle fibers and between muscle bundles was in a state of disintegration and represented a homogeneous protein mass, which practically did not stain.

Claims (1)

A device for processing meat raw materials, consisting of a source of low-frequency electrical oscillations that creates a low-frequency electromagnetic field, a generator of unipolar triangular pulses with a frequency of 10-500 Hz is used as a source of low-frequency electrical oscillations, the solenoid has a ferrite core, the emitter has a bifilar winding.

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