RU2788922C1 - Automobile mobile laboratory for investigation of wells - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the oil and gas industry, and in particular to autonomous mobile laboratories for the study of oil, gas and gas condensate wells. The laboratory includes the chassis of a wheeled off-road vehicle with an insulated box body, a winch with manual and electric drive, a lubricator, replaceable drums and a computer. The van body is made of three compartments separated by partitions with doors: laboratory (2), winch (3) and body (6), which is made with folding right and left sides and a blank tailgate, on which the chassis is mounted on the rear overhang crane-manipulator (14) with retractable supports (15). The laboratory is equipped with an electric generator powered by a car engine, test equipment, a set of research equipment, a printer and an antenna with an amplifier. The mobile laboratory has the ability to independently carry out loading and unloading operations necessary for research, installation of research equipment at the well and conduct the necessary primary research.

EFFECT: invention expands technological and functional capabilities.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, namely to autonomous mobile laboratories for the study of oil, gas and gas condensate wells.

Well and reservoir studies are carried out in order to obtain information about the development object, about the conditions and intensity of fluid inflow into the well, about changes occurring in the reservoir during its development. Such information is necessary for organizing correct, economically justified oil production processes, for implementing rational methods of field development, for substantiating the method of oil production, choosing equipment for lifting fluid from a well, for establishing the most economical mode of operation of this equipment while achieving the highest oil recovery factor.

From the field of technology, a mobile laboratory of geological and technological research is known, containing an insulated building in which metrological equipment is mounted for testing and calibrating measuring channels (MC) of stations of geological and technological research (GTI) at well drilling sites and an electronic computer (computer) is installed for processing and recording research results, moreover, the laboratory building is made in the form of a body, a container or a van with the possibility of self-movement or transportation by land, water and air. The laboratory building can be installed on a wheeled chassis of a KAMAZ vehicle, on a caterpillar chassis of a diesel tractor, on a swamp chassis, on an amphibious vehicle chassis or on an air cushion vessel [RU 144149, IPC V60R 3/14, publ. 08/10/2014].

The disadvantages of the above laboratory include limited functionality and technological capabilities associated with the inability to conduct comprehensive tests of samples of liquid, gas and hydrocarbons at the work site, the inability to remotely monitor and take readings from the instrumentation installed on the well about the state of the parameters of the well , transmit results in real time via the Internet.

Known is another unit closest to the claimed technical solution for well testing, designed to perform hydrodynamic well surveys with local registration devices, including a wheeled van chassis, with an insulated van body, with two compartments: winch and operator [Unit for well testing AIS1 http: //xn--glaoiw.su/ais-l_agregat_dlya_issl, accessed 05.05.2022]. The unit has a lifting device - a jib crane for 350 kg, a winch with manual and electric drive for lowering and lifting operations in the well, a lubricator, replaceable drums and a computer.

The disadvantages of the known unit include limited functionality and technological capabilities associated with the limited equipment of the unit and the inability to conduct primary tests of liquid, gas and hydrocarbon samples at the work site, to obtain data on the samples. The inability to remotely control and take readings from the instrumentation installed on the well about the state of the parameters of the well, by which its condition is determined, which increases the time for taking instrument readings and processing the information received. The inability to transmit reports on the status of well parameters via the Internet in real time, when the parameters are measured in the range from tens of minutes to several days. Also, the limited technological capabilities include the lack of a body compartment with a crane-manipulator for performing loading and unloading operations necessary for research and the inability to install research equipment on the well, transported in the body compartment. And the presence of a jib crane does not provide such an opportunity, since it has a limited range and load capacity.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype, in particular, the expansion of the technological and functional capabilities of the laboratory in the study of oil, gas and gas condensate wells, namely the creation of a mobile autonomous laboratory - capable of independently carrying out loading and unloading operations necessary for research, installation of research equipment on well and conduct the necessary primary studies, namely: remotely take readings from the instrumentation installed on the well about the state of the well parameters, conduct primary tests of samples of liquid, gas and hydrocarbons. At the same time, in real time, via the Internet, promptly transmit reports.

The set technical result is achieved by using a combination of known features common with the prototype, including the chassis of a wheeled vehicle with increased cross-country ability, with an insulated van body with a winch compartment, a lifting device, a winch with manual and electric drive, a lubricator, replaceable drums and a computer, and new features, consisting in the fact that the van body is made of three compartments, separated by partitions with doors: laboratory, winch and body, which is made with folding right and left sides and a blank tailgate, on which, on the rear overhang of the chassis, as a lifting device , mounted crane-manipulator with retractable supports; the mobile laboratory is equipped with an electric generator mounted under the van and powered by a car engine, test equipment, a set of research equipment, a printer and an antenna with an amplifier.

The crane-manipulator, the load capacity of which at the maximum reach of the boom is 8.25 m, is 950 kg. The power of the electric generator is from 6 to 8 kW, and the voltage is 220 V.

Testing equipment includes: sensors for receiving signals from electronic devices, a chromatograph, a liquid analyzer.

The set of research equipment includes: equipment for lowering into the well, a sampler, a line for conducting gas-hydrodynamic studies; diaphragm critical flow meter, remote electronic pressure sensor, remote electronic temperature sensor, separator.

The novelty of the proposed invention is that the van body is made of three compartments, separated by partitions with doors: laboratory, winch and body, which is made with hinged right and left sides and a blind tailgate, on which the rear overhang of the chassis, as lifting device, mounted crane with retractable supports; the mobile laboratory is equipped with an electric generator mounted under the van and powered by a car engine, test equipment, a set of research equipment, a printer and an antenna with an amplifier.

Thus, the feature of making a van body from three compartments separated by partitions with doors: laboratory, winch and body compartments ensures the separation of the van body into functional compartments - a laboratory, a winch compartment and a body compartment. The body compartment provides the possibility of storing and transporting the necessary equipment for independent loading and unloading operations necessary for research and installation of research equipment at the well. The presence of three compartments: laboratory, winch and body, provides the winch operator, laboratory assistant and crane operator, respectively, with a separate workspace. Provides its own microclimate in the laboratory and winch compartments, retains heat and protects from extraneous noise. Also, the implementation of the van body from compartments provides zonal division of space according to its functional purpose, which makes it possible to conduct the necessary primary studies on the spot, since each compartment has the ability to fully perform its functions.

The implementation of the body compartment with hinged right and left sides and a blank tailgate, on which a crane with retractable supports is mounted on the rear overhang of the chassis, makes it possible to carry out loading and unloading operations from both sides of the body. The installation of a crane-manipulator exactly on the rear overhang of the chassis ensures a stable position of the car during loading and unloading and installation work, since the retractable supports take on the main load, and also provides an optimal place to work, while maintaining the usable space of the body compartment.

Sign: the mobile laboratory is equipped with an electric generator mounted under the van, powered by a car engine - provides the possibility of autonomous operation of the laboratory, since it ensures an uninterrupted supply of electrical energy to the laboratory equipment and the winch electric drive. At the same time, the installation of the generator under the van ensures the rational use of the space of the body compartments, minimizes the influence of the generator as a source of noise on the laboratory personnel, as a source of electrical interference on electronic devices, equipment and the data processing process, as well as on the transmission of the results obtained.

Equipping the laboratory with a set of research equipment ensures the measurement of wellhead and deep pressures and temperatures, sampling and research of deep and wellhead samples of liquid, gas and hydrocarbons, measurement of the flow rate of liquid, gas and hydrocarbons - provides the ability to obtain and study primary information about the state of the well, the qualitative composition of oil , gas, provides research results for the organization of optimal work on a rational method of field development for production.

Sign: the laboratory is equipped with testing equipment - it provides the possibility of direct primary studies of the physicochemical, mechanical, and other properties of samples, samples of reservoir fluids, oil, gases taken in the process of testing while being directly at the well.

Supplying the laboratory with a printer and an antenna with an amplifier provides contactless readings from stand-alone devices, the ability to quickly receive, interpret and transmit data, if necessary, the ability to transfer results via the Internet in real time to make a prompt decision, and also provides the ability to print the necessary information for conducting a comparative analysis of the results obtained. It also monitors well parameters over a wide time range from tens of minutes to several days and transmits them in real time. Reduces time for well exploration, processing and obtaining results. The presence of an antenna with an amplifier provides the possibility of instant communication between various units.

The feature of making a winch with a manual and electric drive ensures the possibility of lowering and lifting the equipment into the well in any case, even if there are power outages.

Sign: the laboratory is equipped with a crane - a manipulator with a lifting capacity of 950 kg at a maximum outreach of 8.25 m - provides the possibility of loading and unloading operations with cargo and equipment weighing 950 kg at a distance of 8.25 m from the body compartment of the laboratory, and operations with cargo and equipment with greater mass at shorter distances from the body compartment. Provides the ability to independently carry out loading and unloading operations even in hard-to-reach places, when it is not possible to drive close.

Sign: the laboratory is equipped with an electric generator, the power of which is from 6 to 8 kW, and the voltage is 220 V - it helps to meet the need for electrical energy in the instruments and equipment of the laboratory, the winch electric drive, and, if necessary, makes it possible to connect power tools.

Sign: the laboratory is equipped with equipment for testing includes: sensors for receiving signals from electronic devices, a chromatograph, a liquid analyzer - provides testing of liquid and gas samples - provides the possibility of high-quality remote reading from instrumentation installed on the well, processing the data obtained computer. Provides the opportunity to conduct research and testing of the taken primary samples on the spot.

Sign: a set of research equipment includes: equipment for running into a well with a quick-release roller, a sampler, a line for conducting gas-hydrodynamic studies; diaphragm critical flow meter, remote electronic pressure sensor, remote electronic temperature sensor, separator - quick-detachable roller provides the ability to rotate the roller plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the winch drum, which makes it possible to install a mobile laboratory and a winch on any side of the well, the presence of a sampler provides the possibility of sampling, and the installation of a line for conducting gas-hydrodynamic studies with the above-mentioned instruments mounted on it provides the possibility of taking readings and measurements from sensors on the state of the well. It also provides a more complete study of the development object and obtaining information about the conditions and intensity of fluid inflow into the well, about the changes occurring in the reservoir during its development. The presence of such equipment provides the possibility of prompt decision-making on the well, since the data obtained is sufficient for making a decision.

Thus, it is the combination of the above features that ensures the achievement of the technical result set by the invention: the expansion of the technological and functional capabilities of the laboratory in the study of oil, gas and gas condensate wells, namely the creation of a mobile autonomous laboratory - capable of independently carrying out loading and unloading operations necessary for research, installation research equipment at the well and conduct a set of necessary primary studies.

The invention is illustrated with graphic materials.

Figure 1 shows an example of a scheme for conducting research on a well;

Figure 2 schematically shows the location of the equipment in the laboratory and winch compartments;

Figure 3 - schematically shows the location of the compartments and equipment mounted outside the laboratory.

The proposed autonomous mobile laboratory for well research consists of the chassis of a wheeled vehicle with increased cross-country ability with an insulated van body 1, consisting of three compartments separated by partitions with doors: a laboratory compartment 2, a winch compartment 3 with a winch 4 with replaceable drums 5 and a body compartment 6 with a blind tailgate. The autonomous laboratory is equipped with a lubricator 7 with a quick-release roller, while the lubricator 7 is securely packed and secured, since the transport fastening should ensure its safety during transportation. Also, the laboratory has a sampler 8 and a set of research equipment, as well as the necessary elements for assembling the line 9 - for gas-hydrodynamic research, transported disassembled in the body compartment 6, diaphragm critical flow meter 10 (ICT), remote electronic pressure sensors 11; remote electronic temperature sensor 12, separator 13 for sampling from the well. Mounted behind the body compartment 6 crane-manipulator 14 with retractable supports 15 on the rear overhang of the chassis. Equipment for testing liquid and gas samples, receiving, interpreting and transmitting data: chromatograph 16, liquid analyzer 17, sensor for receiving signals 18 from electronic devices, computer 19, printer 20, antenna 21 with an amplifier for data transmission via the Internet.

At the same time, figure 2 schematically shows the location of equipment in the laboratory and winch compartments, where in the winch compartment 3 there are: table-workbench 22, operator's workplace 23 winch 4, tool cabinet 24, working drum 25 winch 4, placed in the laboratory compartment : wardrobe 26, workplace 27 of a laboratory assistant with the equipment necessary for conducting research. Electric generator 28 installed under the van 1 of the mobile laboratory. Autonomous mobile laboratory can be additionally equipped with antifreeze or autonomous heaters.

The proposed autonomous mobile laboratory works as follows: In accordance with the work plan, an autonomous mobile laboratory is sent to the area where an oil well is located to study it. Upon arrival at the object of study, the laboratory is deployed. To do this, retractable supports 15 are installed and a set of research equipment is unloaded using a crane-manipulator 14. Further, from the body compartment 6, the necessary elements for assembling the line 9 - strapping are unloaded, and for conducting the necessary primary studies and conducting gas-hydrodynamic studies, remote electronic pressure sensors 11 are installed; remote electronic temperature sensor 12, separator 13 for sampling from the well. Using a crane-manipulator 14, a lubricator 7 with a quick-release roller 30 is mounted on the buffer flange of the well 29 X-mas tree by means of a threaded connection. The lubricator 7 is an element of the wellhead equipment and is designed to introduce and extract various instruments and devices from a well under pressure during its operation. Usually, the installation and dismantling of the lubricator at the wellhead is carried out using a lifting device, for example, a geophysical tower. However, the proposed mobile laboratory operates completely autonomously, and itself provides for the performance of all necessary operations related to loading and unloading operations, installation and carrying out the necessary research. The presence of the crane-manipulator 14 expands the technological and functional capabilities of the mobile laboratory. At the same time, the location of the crane-manipulator 14 on the rear overhang of the chassis provides reliable fixation of the mobile laboratory during loading and unloading operations, as well as access directly to the place of necessary unloading and installation of equipment. Further, after mounting the lubricator 7, a sampler 8 is inserted into it, connected by a scraper wire 31 to a winch 4 installed in the winch 3 compartment. After that, the stuffing box is installed by means of a clamping bolt through which the scraper wire 31 is passed. At the same time, the quick-detachable roller 30 is installed on the sealing stuffing box with the ability to rotate the roller plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drum 25 of the winch 4, which does not require the selection of a special position and the installation of a laboratory , because it provides the ability to install a mobile laboratory and a winch on either side of the well. Further, a downhole device - sampler 8 is lowered into the well using a winch 4, on a wire 31. The operation of the lubricator, including hydraulic tests and pressure testing, is carried out in accordance with the requirements of current regulatory documents and operational documentation. After checking the readiness of the equipment mounted on the well for operation, the equipment of the laboratory compartment 3 is put into operation: the sensor for receiving signals 18 from electronic devices, the computer 19, the printer 20, the equipment for data transmission via the Internet and the antenna amplifier 21 is turned on. The chromatograph 16 is prepared for operation, fluid analyzer 17. Well valve 29 is opened, through which the liquid phase of well production enters line 9 for gas-hydrodynamic studies. Samples are taken through separator 13, which is mounted on line 9 on flanged connections. The temperature in line 9 is monitored by a remote electronic temperature sensor 12, and the pressure is monitored by remote electronic pressure sensors 11. The readings recorded by devices 11 and 12 are transmitted by them to a sensor for receiving signals 18 from electronic devices installed in the laboratory compartment 2, from which come for processing to the computer 19. The presence of remote electronic sensors allows you to remotely take readings from the instrumentation installed on the well about the state of the parameters of the well. At the same time, the laboratory compartment 2 is isolated from the winch compartment 3 by a partition with doors 32, which provides a microclimate for the laboratory personnel, minimizes the penetration of extraneous noise, and the installation of an electric generator 28 under the laboratory van minimizes its effect as a source of noise on the laboratory personnel, as a source of electrical interference on electronic devices, equipment and data processing, as well as on the transfer of the results obtained.

The samples taken through the separator 13 are subjected to primary research and testing of liquids, gases and hydrocarbons on the chromatograph 16 and liquid analyzer 17. The presence of such devices expands the functionality of the mobile laboratory. With the help of computer 19, the results obtained are recorded. Samples obtained with the help of a downhole sampler 8 also undergo primary studies and tests on a chromatograph 16 and a liquid analyzer 17 with the results recorded. Moreover, if during the research a different length of the scraper wire 31 is needed, then the working drum 25 of the winch 4 is replaced with a replaceable drum 5 from the winch compartment 3 with the required wire length. All the results of research and well testing are entered into computer 19 and complex processing is performed. If necessary, all indicators are taken several times after a certain time to track the process over time. The findings of the study are archived or via the Internet, using the antenna 21 with an amplifier are sent in real time.

At the end of the well survey, with the help of a crane-manipulator 14, line 9 and research equipment are dismantled, the mobile laboratory is folded and moved to another well.

The invention has been developed at the prototype level on the chassis of an off-road vehicle. Pilot tests have shown its advanced technological and functional capabilities for the study of oil, gas, gas condensate wells and complete autonomy during loading and unloading operations, installation of research equipment, including a line for gas hydrodynamic studies.

In the near future, a decision will be made on the release of the proposed autonomous mobile laboratories for well research.

Claims (5)

1. An autonomous mobile laboratory for well research, including the chassis of a wheeled vehicle with increased cross-country ability, with an insulated van body with a winch compartment, a lifting device, a winch with manual and electric drives, a lubricator, replaceable drums and a computer, characterized in that the van body made of three compartments separated by partitions with doors: laboratory, winch and body, which is made with folding right and left sides and a blank tailgate, on which a crane-manipulator with retractable supports is mounted on the rear overhang of the chassis as a lifting device , the mobile laboratory is equipped with an electric generator mounted under a van and driven by a car engine, test equipment, a set of research equipment, a printer and an antenna with an amplifier. 2. Autonomous mobile laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that the load capacity of the crane at the maximum outreach of 8.25 meters is 950 kilograms. 3. Autonomous mobile laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that the power of the generator is from 6 to 8 kilowatts, and the voltage is 220 volts. 4. Autonomous mobile laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that the test equipment includes: sensors for receiving signals from electronic devices, a chromatograph, a liquid analyzer. 5. Autonomous mobile laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that the set of research equipment includes: equipment for running into the well with a quick-release roller, a sampler, a line for conducting gas-hydrodynamic studies, a diaphragm critical flow meter, a remote electronic pressure sensor, a remote electronic temperature sensor, separator.

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