RU2788194C1 - Method for producing glass-metallic microballs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engineering, electronics, biotechnology and jewelry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the production of glass-metal microspheres and can be used in engineering, electronics, biotechnology, as well as in jewelry. The method includes batch preparation, its plasma melting, microballoon trapping. At the same time, a granular charge of 3-5 mm in size is prepared, moistened to 5-7%, from a mixture of finely dispersed copper powders and broken glass at a ratio of 1:3. Plasma melting of the charge is carried out at a plasma torch power of 6 kW and a flow rate of granulated charge of 6 g/s.

EFFECT: simplification and acceleration of the technological process, improving the quality of the final product.

1 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of glass-metal microspheres and can be used in engineering, electronics, biotechnology, as well as in jewelry.

A known method of obtaining glass microballoons, which consists in mixing the components of the charge, forming rods and their plasma spraying and trapping [Krokhin V.P., Bessmertny V.S., Beam O.V., Nikiforov V.M. Synthesis of yttrium aluminum glasses and minerals // Glass and ceramics. 1997. No. 9.S. 6-7.].

The disadvantage of this method is the duration of the process and its high energy intensity.

The closest technical solution adopted as a prototype is a method for producing glass-metal microballoons, including the preparation of rods based on a metal wire coated with a paste consisting of ground glass and a binder, while spraying was carried out at a plasma torch power of 9 kW, and the rods were introduced into the plasma torch at a speed of 8-12 mm / s [Patent RU2455118 Glass-metal microballoons and a method of obtaining / Bessmertny V.S., Simachev A.V., Dyumina P.S., Gantsov Sh.K., Platova R.A., Tarasova I .D., Krakht V.B., Bakhmutskaya O.N., Parshina L.N., Gurieva A.A. Application dated 05/24/2010; Published 07/10/2012. Bull. No. 19. 5s.].

The disadvantage of this method is the duration of the process, its low productivity and high energy consumption.

The problem to be solved by the invention is to simplify and speed up the technological process and improve the quality of the final product.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to simplify and speed up the process and improve the quality of the finished product.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method for producing glass-metal microballoons includes weighing the components, their averaging, moisturizing, granulating, feeding the charge into a powder feeder, plasma melting of the charge to form microballoons and trapping them; Moreover, for the preparation of the charge, fine powder of copper and cullet is used at a ratio of 1: 3, the charge is moistened up to 5-7%, the charge is granulated to a granule size of 3-5 mm, and the plasma melting of the granulated charge is carried out at a plasma torch power of 6 kW and a flow rate of granular mixture 6.0 g/sec.

A distinctive feature of the proposed method is:

- humidification of the charge mixture to a moisture content of 5-7%;

- preparation of a granular charge from copper powders and cullet with a size of 3-5 mm at a ratio of 1:3, respectively;

- supply of granular charge to the powder feeder and plasma torch.

The comparative analysis of technological operations is presented in Table 1.

Table 1

Comparative analysis of technological operations

proposed and known methods

Known way Suggested method Glass grinding

Mixing glass powder with PVA glue

Rod forming from copper wire and paste

Drying rods

Insertion of rods into the plasma torch

Spray and trap Glass grinding

Mixing and moistening of glass and copper powders up to 5-7%

Granulation of the mixture up to the size of 3-5 mm

Feeding the charge into the powder feeder

Entering the charge into the plasma torch

Spray and trap

Humidification of the mixture is carried out for satisfactory granulation of a mixture of glass and copper powder. At a moisture content of less than 5%, the granules do not have sufficient strength and delaminate when they are fed into the plasma torch.

At a moisture content of more than 7%, the granules partially stick together, which makes it difficult to feed them into the plasma torch. The optimal value of the moisture content of the charge, experimentally obtained, is the value of 5-7%. The optimal technological parameters, experimentally obtained, are presented in tables 2 and 3.

table 2

Optimal ratio of charge components

The ratio of copper powder and glass (wt. parts) Diffuse reflection coefficient (DR, %) Percentage of marriage, % 1:2 68 2.2 1:3* 72* 1.5* 1:4 69 2.5 * - the best option

Table 3

Optimum technological parameters

Work power, kW Charge size, mm Charge consumption Quality, organoleptic evaluation five 2 6.0 Lack of fusion 3 6.0 Lack of fusion four 6.0 Lack of fusion five 6.0 Lack of fusion 6 6.0 Lack of fusion 6* 2 3.0 Deformation 3* 5.0 Charge penetration 6.0 Charge penetration 7.0 Lack of fusion four* 5.0 Charge penetration 6.0 Charge penetration 7.0 Lack of fusion five* 5.0 Charge penetration 6.0 Charge penetration 7.0 Lack of fusion 6 6.0 Lack of fusion 7 3 6.0 Deformation four 6.0 Deformation five 6.0 Deformation 6 6.0 Deformation 7 6.0 Deformation * - the best option

The starting material used was cullet of sheet glass of the following chemical composition (wt %): SiO ₂ – 72.0; Na ₂ O - 14.5; CaO - 6.8; Al ₂ O ₃ - 3.2; MgO - 3.4; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 0.05; SO ₃ - 0.5.

For the preparation of the charge, copper powder was used according to GOST -4960-2017.

Copper powder and glass powder finely ground in a ball mill were averaged in a laboratory mixer with simultaneous moistening of 5-7% at a ratio of 1:3 parts by weight for 15 minutes. The mixture was granulated in a laboratory granulator to obtain 3-5 mm granules. The granules were placed into the powder feeder of the UPU-8m electric arc plasma torch. The arc was ignited and the plasma-forming argon gas and charge were supplied to the plasma torch at a flow rate of 6.0 g/sec.

In a plasma torch with an average mass temperature of a plasma torch of 6000ºС, instantaneous melting of the charge occurred with the formation of spherical molten particles. Under the action of the outgoing plasma-forming argon gas, the particles were transformed into the accumulator zone where they were cooled and accumulated in the collector.

The operating parameters of the plasma torch were as follows: power 6 kW; the flow rate of plasma-forming argon gas is 0.0014 g/sec at a pressure of 0.28 MPa.

The number of perfectly spherical particles of glass-metal microspheres with a size of 400-3000 microns was 98.5%.

The diffuse reflection coefficient, carried out on the POS-1 device according to the standard method, was 72%.

The invention relates to the production of composite materials, namely glass-metal microballoons, which can be used in engineering, electronics, biotechnology and jewelry. The claimed method includes weighing the components of the charge, their averaging, moisturizing up to 5-7%, granulating to a granule size of 3-5 mm, feeding into a powder feeder, plasma melting of the charge with the formation of microballoons and their capture.

At the same time, a finely dispersed powder of copper and cullet is used to prepare the mixture at a ratio of 1:3. Plasma melting of the granular charge is carried out at a plasma torch power of 6 kW and a flow rate of the granulated charge of 6.0 g/sec.

Claims (1)

A method for producing glass-metal microballoons, including the preparation of a charge, its plasma melting, trapping of microballoons, characterized in that a granular charge 3-5 mm in size is prepared, moistened to 5-7%, from a mixture of finely dispersed copper powders and broken glass at a ratio of 1:3 , and the plasma melting of the mixture is carried out at a plasma torch power of 6 kW and a flow rate of granulated mixture of 6 g/s.