RU2787032C1 - Working body for impulse slotting of the soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The working body for slotting the soil contains the main stand (1) rigidly fixed on the frame of the tool, the active stand (6), the elastic ring (8), the loosening arm, which provide the possibility of pulsed slotting of the soil, and the deformers (3). Deformers (3) are made in the form of two flat disk knives installed in bushings (4) on semi-axes (5) and front peripheries adjacent to each other and spaced from each other in the rear part of the disks, thus forming an acute wedge angle in the direction of movement.

EFFECT: improvement of the quality of slotting of soils with low water and air permeability to ensure its effective aeration and reduction of energy intensity of the technological process of soil slotting is provided.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and, in particular, to devices for slotting the soil, including in fields with insufficient aeration, low water and air permeability.

Known working body for slotting soil under crops of perennial fodder crops containing in its design a stand, a chisel and an expander in the form of two spherical disks set at an angle to each other (patent RU 2116013, publ. 27.07.1998).

The disadvantages of this device is the lack of the possibility of active compaction of the walls of the soil cracks, which contributes to the shedding of soil from their surfaces and reduces the efficiency of soil aeration.

Known is the working body of a tillage tool designed for making slots in the soil, equipped with a stand with an additional chisel and a rope located in the range of the stand (patent RU 2226756, publ. the cutting edge is equipped with a slot mouth former (patent RU 23 75857, publ. 20.12.2009).

The disadvantage of such devices is the shedding of the walls of the slots after the passage of the racks of the working bodies, due to their insufficient compaction, and thereby the efficiency of aeration is reduced.

A slotted block is known, having a main slotter and additional slotters at the ends of the cultivator paws (patent RU 2717298, publ. 19.03.2020), as well as a furrow-slot former, in which the former sections are fixed on the frame of a row cultivator (patent RU 2758283, publ. 28.10 .2021).

The disadvantage of these devices is the impossibility of making compacted walls of the slots carried out in the soil and thereby shedding of the walls and a decrease in soil aeration.

The closest in terms of achieved efficiency and technological result is the working body for slotting the soil (patent RU 2744734, publ. 03/15/2021) containing the main vertical post and the deformer movably connected to the main post.

The disadvantages of this device is the lack of active hardening of the side faces of the produced soil cracks, which leads to their rapid destruction and shedding of soil to the bottom of the soil cracks, thereby worsening the aeration of the treated areas of the field. In fact, a rupture of a layer of stable soil occurs, while leaving soil aggregates prone to falling out on the walls of the rupture, which subsequently crumble and fill the previously formed gap. In addition, the disadvantage of this device is the high energy intensity of the process of slotting the soil.

The technical result of the application of the present invention is to improve the quality of soil slotting with low water and air permeability to ensure its effective aeration and reduce the energy intensity of the technological process of soil slotting.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed working body for slotting the soil, including the main rack, rigidly fixed to the tool frame, and the deformers, which are made in the form of two flat disc knives rotating in bushings mounted on the axle shafts, while the disc knives are adjacent to each other with their front peripheries, and the peripheries of the rear parts of the disks are separated from each other, thus forming an acute wedge angle in the direction of movement.

The new elements are an active strut hinged to the upper part of the main strut and installed in front of and in alignment with the main strut, there is an elastic ring made with side holes and fixed between the lower parts of the main and active struts, while the axle shafts are fixed on the disk knives, placed together with bushings in the side holes of the elastic ring and fixed with lock nuts.

A new element is also a ripping arm mounted on an active stand, while the outer contour of the ripping arm frontally overlaps the front faces of both deformers, and there is a vertical groove in the inner side of the ripping arm, which includes the front peripheral parts of the deformers.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where

fig. 1 - front view is shown,

fig. 2 - side view,

fig. 3 - section A-A, enlarged,

fig. 4 - section B-B, enlarged.

The working body for slotting the soil contains the main rack 1, mounted on the tool frame 2 and the deformers 3 made in the form of two flat disc knives installed in the bushings 4 on the axle shafts 5. The deformers 3 form an acute angle of the wedge in the direction of movement of the working body (see Fig.4 ). There is an active rack 6 attached to the main rack 1 by means of a hinge 7. The elastic ring 8 is made with side holes 9 and is fixed between the lower parts of the main rack 1 and the active rack 6, and the semi-axes 5 are fixed on the disk knives 3 and together with the bushings 4 are placed in side holes of the elastic ring 8 and fixed with lock nuts 10. There is a ripping foot 11 mounted on the active rack 6, while the ripping foot 11 on the inside has a vertical groove 12, in which the front peripheral parts of the flat disks of the deformers 3 are placed.

The working body for slotting the soil works as follows.

When the working body is deepened into the soil and the technological process of slotting is performed, the active rack 6 together with the loosening paw 11 perform self-oscillatory movements relative to the rack 1, deforming (compressing, unclenching) the elastic ring 8 with variable forces. The elastic ring 8, contracting in the longitudinal-vertical plane, simultaneously expands, increasing its initial dimensions in the transverse vertical plane (pressing periodically some elliptical shape, see Fig. 4 dashed lines). Pulsed self-oscillations of the elastic ring 8 are transmitted to the flat disk knives by deformers 3, which are connected to the elastic ring 8 through holes 9 and bushings 4 on the axle shafts 5 with lock nuts. Thus, the self-oscillations of the elastic ring 8, which occur as a result of overcoming the temporary stresses of compression and shear of the soil, are performed together with the deformers 3, which, in turn, compact the walls of the soil gap with the amplitude of deformation and compactor ΔL with periodic pressure pulses (see Fig. 4) . As a result, the walls of the soil crack are actively strengthened and the relaxation stresses of the soil are quenched, which were obtained from the previous compression of the walls of the cracks by flat disk knives with deformers 3.

Thus, the industrial application of the claimed device of the working body for slotting the soil provides the necessary aeration of the soil by improving the quality of the formation of soil slots and reducing the energy intensity of the processes of slotting the soil.

Claims (4)

1. The working body for slotting the soil, containing the main stand, rigidly fixed to the frame of the tool, the active stand, the elastic ring, the ripping paw, providing the possibility of pulsed slotting of the soil, and deformers, characterized in that the deformers are made in the form of two flat disc knives installed in bushings on axle shafts and front peripheries adjacent to each other and separated from each other in the rear part of the disks, thus forming an acute wedge angle in the direction of movement. 2. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the active rack is pivotally attached to the upper part of the main rack and installed in front of and in alignment with the main rack. 3. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic ring is made with side holes and is fixed between the lower parts of the main and active racks, while the axle shafts fixed on the disk knives are placed together with the bushings in the side holes of the elastic ring and fixed with locking nuts. 4. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the ripping paw is mounted on an active rack in such a way that the outer contour of the ripping paw frontally overlaps the front faces of both deformers, and in the inner side of the ripping paw there is a vertical groove, which includes the front peripheral parts deformers.

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