RU2785947C1 - Adjustable high-power attenuator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: attenuators.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to UHF equipment. Adjustable high-power attenuator comprises a waveguide channel, a dielectric absorber, and a movement mechanism. The attenuator includes a dual waveguide tee, one of the side arms whereof is linked with a short-circuiting switch, and the other is linked with a movable short-circuiting switch with a movement mechanism; a waveguide matched load containing a dielectric absorber and connected to one of the two remaining arms of the dual waveguide tee; and a circulator, the second arm whereof is linked with the other remaining arm of the dual waveguide tee, and the first and third arms constitute the input and output of the apparatus, respectively. The waveguide matched load can be made in the form of a high-power waveguide matched load. The circulator can be made in the form of a Y-circulator or a phase-shift circulator.

EFFECT: possibility of gradually changing the magnitude of attenuation introduced by the adjustable high-power attenuator, from the minimum value determined by the natural VSWR of the dual waveguide tee and the waveguide matched load to the maximum value determined by losses in the waveguide path of the apparatus.

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Description

The invention relates to microwave technology, in particular to waveguide auxiliary attenuator devices, and can be used for measuring and technological purposes.

Known millimeter-wave attenuator containing a segment of a circular waveguide, made in the form of a movable section, and transitions to a rectangular waveguide at both ends, made in the form of fixed sections and having a rectangular cross section, each section has an absorbing plate, and in the segment of the circular waveguide - along diameter, and in the transitions the absorbing plates are parallel to the wide walls of a rectangular cross section and to each other, while the absorbing plates are made of dielectric [RU 101868 H01P 1/22, published on 01/27/2011]. The disadvantage of the given technical solution is the low level of the maximum allowable signal power.

Also known is a variable microwave attenuator containing a segment of the waveguide, an absorber and a mechanism for moving the absorber [SU 566281 H01P 1/22, published 25.07.1977]. The disadvantage of the given technical solution is the negative impact of the reflected wave on the signal source.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a variable attenuator containing a segment of the waveguide with dielectric and ferromagnetic absorbing elements and a movement mechanism [SU 497669 H01P 1/22, published 12/30/1975]. The disadvantages of the given technical solution are the limited level of the maximum allowable signal power and a complex design that complicates production and excludes the possibility of using the device in the millimeter wavelength range.

The technical task of the presented solution is to provide the possibility of a smooth change in the amount of attenuation introduced by a high power adjustable attenuator over a wide range.

The technical problem is solved due to the fact that the adjustable high-power attenuator containing a waveguide channel, a dielectric absorber and a movement mechanism also contains a double waveguide tee, one of the side arms of which is connected to a short circuit, and the other to a movable short circuit with a movement mechanism, a waveguide matched load , containing a dielectric absorber and connected to one of the two remaining arms of the double waveguide tee, and a circulator, the first arm of which is connected to the other remaining arm of the double waveguide tee, and the second and third arms are the output and input of the device.

The waveguide termination may be in the form of a high power waveguide termination.

The circulator can be made in the form of a Y-circulator.

The circulator can be made in the form of a phase circulator.

The claimed device has a set of essential features that are not known from the prior art for devices of this purpose, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the "novelty" criterion.

Also, the claimed device, according to the applicant and the authors, meets the criterion of "inventive step", since for specialists it does not explicitly follow from the prior art, i.e. not known from available sources of scientific, technical and patent information at the date of application.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is explained with the help of figures, where:

- in Fig. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of a high power attenuator adjustable by connecting a circulator to the H-arm of a double waveguide tee;

- in Fig. Figure 2 shows the electrical circuit diagram of a high power attenuator adjustable by connecting a circulator to the E-arm of a double waveguide tee.

The high-power adjustable attenuator consists of a double waveguide tee 2, one of the side arms of which is connected to a short-circuit 4, and the other to a movable short-circuit 5 with a moving mechanism, a waveguide matched load 3 containing a dielectric absorber and connected to one of the two remaining arms of the double waveguide tee 2, and circulator I, the second arm of which is connected to the other remaining arm of the double waveguide tee 2, and the first and third arms are the input 6 and output 7 of the device, respectively.

High power adjustable attenuator works as follows.

The electromagnetic wave entering the input 6 of the adjustable high power attenuator, through the circulator 1 enters the double waveguide tee 2 and is divided equally between its side arms. In this case, the signals in the side arms can be in-phase if the circulator 1 is connected to the H-arm of the double waveguide tee 2 (Fig. 1), or out of phase if the circulator 1 is connected to the E-arm (Fig. 2). If the length of the side arms is equal, the signals, after reflection from the short-circuit 4 and the movable short-circuit 5, will return to the arm connected to the circulator 1 after reflection. 180°, and the signals, having added up, will fall into the arm connected to the waveguide matched load 3. With a difference in the lengths of the arms in the range between 0 and λ/4, part of the signal will return to the circulator 1, and a part will go to the waveguide matched load 3. Thus Thus, by moving the movable short-circuit 5 using the movement mechanism, it is possible to control the length of one of the side arms, and, consequently, change the power value at output 7 from the minimum value determined by the intrinsic voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the double waveguide tee 2 and the waveguide matched load 3, up to the maximum value determined by the losses in the waveguide path of the device.

Using a high power waveguide termination as waveguide termination 3 increases the maximum power dissipation, and therefore allows high power input signals to be handled.

The technical result of the invention is the ability to smoothly change the amount of attenuation introduced by the adjustable high power attenuator, from the minimum value determined by the intrinsic VSWR of the double waveguide tee and the waveguide matched load, to the maximum value determined by the losses in the waveguide path of the device. To implement the proposed device in the conditions of serial production, there is no need to develop complex technological devices and use expensive technological processes.

Samples of a high-power adjustable attenuator were made, which confirmed the correctness and practical feasibility of the described technical solution. This confirms the compliance of this technical solution with the criterion of "industrial applicability" for the invention.

Claims (4)

1. Adjustable high-power attenuator containing a waveguide channel, a dielectric absorber and a movement mechanism, characterized in that it contains a double waveguide tee, one of the side arms of which is connected to a short circuit, and the other to a movable short circuit with a movement mechanism, waveguide matched a load containing a dielectric absorber and connected to one of the two remaining arms of the double waveguide tee, and a circulator, the second arm of which is connected to the other remaining arm of the double waveguide tee, and the first and third arms are the input and output of the device, respectively. 2. High power attenuator adjustable according to claim 1, characterized in that the waveguide matched load is made in the form of a waveguide matched load of a high power level. 3. High power attenuator adjustable according to claim 1, characterized in that the circulator is made in the form of a Y-circulator. 4. Adjustable high power attenuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the circulator is made in the form of a phase circulator.

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