RU27856U1 - PHOTOGRAMMETER WORKPLACE - Google Patents

Description

PHOTOGRAMMETER WORKPLACE

Technical field

This technical solution relates to the field of computer technology, namely, to devices for obtaining images specially designed for photogrammetry.

State of the art

An analogue of this technical solution is the well-known device - the Analit RDSh.320308 computing complex, consisting of a stereo comparator, a special calculator and a computer with appropriate software.

A disadvantage of the known analogue is the lack of the ability to visualize graphics and, accordingly, accurate control and correction of the digital elevation model (DEM).

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed device is a photogrammetric device - InterMap 6487 ImageStation (INTERGRAPH. USA) (see advertising materials INTERGRAPH Solutions for the Technical Desktop), containing a digital stereo plotter, stereo review system, a processor for compressing / decompressing data to minimize file memory image, ergonomically designed table.

The disadvantages of the prototype:

  ,

it is not possible to smoothly move graphics in the image for monitoring and subsequent correction of products by the operator;

high cost of equipment.

Utility Model Essence

The photogrammetric workstation (PCF) contains a personal electronic computer (PC) in the basic configuration, consisting of a system unit with a monitor, keyboard, graphic manipulator such as a mouse and printer connected to it, a stereoscopic video monitoring device (CMS), consisting of a color monitor, on-screen polarization filter (BF), coordinate joystick (DLC), parallax joystick (DGP) and operator console (ON).

The purpose of this technical solution is to create a photogrammetric device for processing space and aerial photographs to obtain digital elevation models and cadastral plans with higher accuracy and lower cost characteristics.

To obtain this technical result, the known device further comprises a controller for a stereoscopic video monitoring device, the first output of which is connected to the input of the color monitor, the second output is connected to the input of a polarization filter on the screen, the three inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the coordinate joystick, parallax joystick and operator panel, and the input an output with an output-input of a local computer network (LAN) of a PC system unit.

The controller of the stereoscopic video monitoring device contains a computer interface unit, the first input-output of which is connected via the SCSI bus to the output-input of the adapter of the PC system unit, the second input-output with the internal bus of the controller’s SD, the first (LAN Address) and second (PrK Address) outputs connected to the internal bus of the controller’s ADR, and the first and second inputs, respectively, with the LVK and PrK synchronization circuits, the operator panel register (RgPO), the input of which is connected to the output of the operator panel, and the output with the internal data bus of the controller BH, regis p joysticks, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the coordinate joystick (JLC) and the parallax joystick (JO), and the output with the internal data bus of the controller, the control unit of the polarized polarization filter PPF, the output of which is connected to the input of the polarized filter, and the input to LVK synchronization circuit, random access memory image device (ШУИ), four inputs of which ЛВК and PrK are connected in pairs with the internal address bus (ADR) and data bus Ш, IZ logic circuit, the output of which the first is connected to the internal data bus SD, random access memory device (OSjT), the four inputs of which LVK, PrK are paired respectively with the internal address bus (ADR) and data bus SD, the first register of path numbers (PHTpl), the input of which is connected to the internal data bus (BH), the second register of path numbers (RNTr2), the input of which is connected to the internal data bus (BH), a track number counter (SChNtr), whose input is connected to the internal data bus (BH), the register of random access memory image (RZOZUI), the input of which is connected to the output of random access memory image

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(033Tl), a output with the first input of the logic logic IZH, a register of the operative memory device for graphics (РГОЗУГ), the input of which is connected to the output of the operative memory device graphics (03jT), and the output with the input of the logic circuit IL, the node of the formation of the brand, the input of which is connected with an internal address bus (ADR), an image shifting circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the register of the random access memory of the image (РГОЗУИ), a decoder of the numbers of graphic points, the four inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the register the RAM of the graphics (RGOG), the first register of path numbers (PHTpl), the second register of path numbers (PHT2) and the counter of path numbers (SCNTr), a digital-to-analog converter (DAL), the input of which is connected to the output of the image shift circuit, a circuit a graphics shift, the input of which is connected to the output of the decoder of the numbers of graphics points, an interface unit with a monitor, the three inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the brand forming unit, digital-to-analog converter (DAL) and the graphics shift circuit, three outputs (video, H and V) with the corresponding inputs of a color monitor.

List of figures, drawings and other materials

In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a photogrammetric workstation.

In FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a stereoscopic video monitoring device.

An example embodiment of the device

The principle of stereoscopic measurement implemented in the device.

A variant of the principle of stereoscopic measurement implemented in the device is a fixed mark, a moving model. Moving the left image of the model relative to the right leads to a visible movement of the model along the line of sight (to or from the operator). The left and right images of the brand are motionless and combined. Parallax brand (Rmk) is zero. The mark constantly lies in the plane of the screen. The operator, changing the parallax of the model (Rmd), moves it and combines the image of a point on the surface of the model with the image of a fixed mark. At an atom, the parallax point of the model combined with the brand is Rmd - Rmk. The reading accuracy is 1 pixel - the minimum value by which the left and right images of the model can be expanded (shifted).

A feature implemented in the sample is the ability to display the left and right brand images not only at one point, but also at distances - / 4, / d and the pixel between them. This change in the parallax of the mark moves it along the axis of view and makes it possible to measure the parallax of the model points relative to the mark with pixel accuracy. At the same time, as usual, the model can move through 1 pixel. The monotonic movement of the model relative to the brand is as follows (the initial parallax of the model relative to the brand P):

.

- 5 Parallax model changes through the pixel, parallax marks through the pixel. The measured parallax, equal to the difference between the parallax of the model and the brand, changes through the pixels.

In principle, one bit per pixel is sufficient to display graphics. Zero - no graphics. Unit - The pixel is filled with the color of the graphic. However, in this case, the resolution of the display of stereoscopic graphics in parallax (height) will correspond to one pixel. Operators claim that they see the displayed profile in steps, while the terrain looks smooth. A parallax step equal to a pixel is large.

villages (without graphics), empty, t; corresponding to the pixels containing the graphic points are recorded: in two digits - the offset of the graphic point relative to the nominal position, expressed in quarters of the pixel, in the remaining digits - the number of trajectories (graphic image - profile, horizontal, etc.). This structure allows you to store in the graphics memory not one display object, but several (up to 64). This allows at each moment of time to highlight only those graphic objects whose numbers are given (up to three). In addition, without any preparation, you can show a certain sequence of images (animation), sorting through their numbers. So it is possible to show the profile of the relief, smoothly sliding along it, or contour lines, smoothly moving in height. These effects significantly accelerate the control of the calculated relief while improving the quality of control. The presence of the offset recording allows you to realize it by delaying the displayed point in time by a recorded amount, which raises the quality of the graphic display. For the operator, this virtually eliminates the stepping of the displayed profile.

Technical implementation.

Photogrammetric workstation (FRM) (Fig. 1) contains a personal electronic computing machine (PC) 1, consisting of a system unit 2, monitor 3, keyboard 4, mouse 5, printer 6, and a stereoscopic video monitoring device (CMS) 7, consisting from the controller CMS 8, a color monitor 9, a polarization screen filter (PPF) 10, a coordinate joystick (DLC) I, an operator console (PO) 12 and a parallax joystick (D1P) 13.

The controller of the otereoscopic video surveillance device (Fig. 2) contains a block for interfacing with a monitor 14, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 15, a ± 6 graphics shift circuit, a mark formation unit 17, an image shift circuit 18, a graphic point number decoder 19, a random access memory register image devices (RG RAM) 20, the register of random access memory graphics (Rg RAM) 21, RAM images (RAM) 22, the logic circuit IL 23, random access memory

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the second register of trajectory numbers (RNTr2) 26, the counter of trajectory numbers SSchNTr 27, the register of the operator panel (RgPO) 28, the unit for interfacing with the computer 29, the register of joysticks 30, the control unit of the screen polarization filter (PPF) 31, the adapter 32.

The principle of the photographic workstation.

The FRM is designed to obtain a digital terrain matrix, (IlmP) from digital photo images of stereo pairs of photographs.

It consists (see Fig. 1) of a personal computer 1, a stereoscopic video monitoring device (OVKU) 8, standard software (Windows) and two special software packages, one of which allows you to process satellite images, and the other - aerial photographs of scale 1 : 500, 1: 2000, 1: 4000, etc. to obtain cadastral plans for the given rushuny in electronic form.

Work on the FRM consists of several stages performed using special software algorithms (STR):

automatic input of information about images from the scanner;

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conversion to standard format and transfer of DMg via LAN or on the carrier to the consumer.

The average orientation time of cosmological stereo pairs of images is no more than 2 hours. The average time to obtain a DEM on a scale nomenclature sheet is not more than 8 hours and directly depends on the speed of the computer processor and the skill of the operator.

A PC printer is needed to display the results of the work of operators on the magazine.

The processes of image orientation, automatic acquisition of DEM and its refinement are performed using stereoscopic visualization.

J, fUri, UHiUUJiDnUl and VCrUUyiC., I L-oKj i, TuUiOpue UUeC IeCH) C1e1 UilfUclIU visualization of a stereoscopic image on a special color monitor with a frequency of 55 cal / s;

superimposing on the image DMR graphics in the form of contour lines and DTM points of green color to control and adjust (if necessary) their position in the image;

three-dimensional movement of pictures on the screen in interactive mode with the help of joysticks and in automatic mode;

operator pointing the mark, the selected image point with an accuracy of / 4 pixels (this function is not available in analogues);

i. than using a glass keyboard.

The presence of IVKU is a characteristic osooekost of FRM. and TOMV poses describe its composition and purpose of individual olives and under

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joystick coordinates (DLC) 11, the operator panel (ON) 12 and the joystick parallax 13.

The joystick (11. 13 in Fig. 1) is clear. which gives impulses when the handle is deflected left, right, up and down. PULSES cock the corresponding trigger of the trigger in the register of joysticks: controller b. which, in turn, is regularly interrogated by the PC program. The angle of the handle determines the frequency of the pulses.

The result of the survey is recorded in the PC, and the register of joysticks is reset after the completion of the Poll of joysticks command.

The REMOTE operator (1 in Fig. 1) is a device for the operational interaction of the operator with the program, it contains.

about functional K1 Ki. the purpose of which is determined by the program;

l Avisha enable / disable graphics;

mode enable key; blinking marks;

key Frequency of graphics, which changes the frequency of enumerating the numbers of points of the paths of graphics by the counter c in the controller when executing the control program of the obtained DEM by superimposing horizontals on the image. The counter provides smooth mixing of contour lines on the surface, which allows the operator to identify defective IMG PI sections and then correct them.

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stereo images by visualizing the left frame in the left eye of the operator, and the right in the right eye of the operator. and on the other hand, the polarization of the filter gfistalls changes at the yO nppi passage of the right frame and returns to its original state when passing the left frame.

Accordingly, the polarization film E of the operator’s glasses is oriented TO THIS. THEREFORE, he sees the left frame only with his left eye. and right to right. {Shi high frame rate in the eye of the operator there is a stereo image.

The control of the polarization of the crystals in PPF 10 is carried out from the controller node o1 using the Left frame signal.

The main elements of the controller are the memory of the image and the & L-i graphics. each willow which in turn consists of

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Their contents are continuously read and fixed on the output cells x icU and ioi. l connection with that. that reading from ram and issuing

it on PAI and a monitor with a frequency of dO MHz is very difficult. On the controller, 8 bytes (S points of the line) are read in parallel, and a fast shift in the Id scheme is possible. conversion of a digital pixel value to analog in circuit 15 and transmission of an analog signal through high-frequency video amplifiers in a block

along with this process about S4 bytes. in which numbers are encoded; from 1 to 32; graphic paths and their displacement (2 bits by / 4 pixels, absent in analogue 1 j are fed to the input of the 1U circuit. The other input of which is fed in advance by the law. uci Hu.iuua 1-1,1. iL ii L 4t ; i4y rc ;.

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fixed by NE, eight-bit register © SHIFTS, ib.

in the circuit 14, the outputs of the eight bits of the shifter 16 are collected by the OR circuit and, through the amplifier in the circuit 14, are fed to the monitor on

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Ia.kim Oiraz. each point of the image will be superimposed with a green dot on the grahiki with the corresponding mix, multiple of / pixel. After the shift of the sites, the next ones are selected from the UIU, and so on, until the whole line is removed. The RAM address is formed in the interface with obiyi Ud. where there are registers of the starting address of the sweep and an address counter, entering the information of the CPU in JOJ LJU1 CiilУ1 о V f 1- „l i 1h- - 1 H-- h J-iilO (lOiC-H: .xI 1 a, il OcLli lllU 4eL vIC

Data bus for testing iZU they are connected through a circuit

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For guidance on the surface of the image and measure the coordination, t and height of the points serves as a mark. wlapKai is made in the form of a hollow point in the center of the screen and is formed in node 1 /. l node 17, in addition to the address comparison scheme, there is a scheme for shifting the mark by a / d pixel for more accurate pointing it at the measured image point. Mix marks are controlled by the lower order register register starting address sweep line. From block 14, standard signals of horizontal (H) and vertical /, sweeps of the monitor are also output to the monitor.

Management IED 8 from the PC 1 drained through an adapter: Jic. Ada, pter is installed in iioBivi i in a 1bm slot and implements a truncated version of the standard bCSi bus.

- {rom applicability

A photogrammetric workplace is industrially marketable, it is oolate with a higher accuracy. THE BEST VALUE CHARACTERISTICS

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Claims (2)

1. Photogrammetric workstation (PCF), containing a personal electronic computer (PC) in the basic configuration, consisting of a system unit with a monitor, keyboard, graphic mouse manipulator and printer connected to it, a stereoscopic video monitoring device (CMS), consisting of a color monitor, screen polarization filter (PPF), coordinate joystick (DLC), parallax joystick (DGP) and operator panel (ON), characterized in that it further comprises a controller with aereoscopic video monitoring device, the first output of which is connected to the input of the color monitor, the second output with the input of a polarization filter on the screen, the three inputs of which are connected respectively with the outputs of the coordinate joystick, parallax joystick and operator’s console, and the input-output with the output-input of the local area network (LAN) ) PC system unit. 2. Photogrammetric workstation (PCF) according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller of the stereoscopic video monitoring device comprises a computer interface unit, the first input-output of which is connected via the SCSI bus to the output-input of the adapter of the PC system unit, the second input-output with the internal bus of the controller’s controller, the first (LVK Address) and second (PrK Address) outputs are connected to the controller’s internal ADR bus, and the first and second inputs are respectively of the LVK and PrK synchronization circuits, the operator panel register (RgPO), the input of which is connected to the pool output the operator, and the output with the internal data bus of the controller's controller, the joystick register, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the coordinate joystick (DLC) and the parallax joystick (JPS), and the output is with the internal controller data bus, the control unit of the PPF screen polarization filter, the output of which is connected to the input of the on-screen polarization filter, and the input to the LVK synchronization circuit, a random access memory (RAM), the four inputs of which LVK and PrK are connected in pairs respectively with the internal th address bus (ADR) and data bus ШД, logical circuit OR, whose output is connected to the internal data bus ШД, random access memory (RAM), four inputs of which LVK, PrK are paired respectively with the internal address bus (ADR) and bus data register, the first register of trajectory numbers (РНТр1), the input of which is connected to the internal data bus (ШД), the second register of trajectory numbers (РНТр2), the input of which is connected to the internal data bus (ШД), the number of trajectories (СЧНТр), whose input connected to inner w another data (SHD), the register of random access memory of the image (RZOZUI), the input of which is connected to the output of the random access memory of the image (RAM), and the output with the first input of the logic circuit OR, the register of random access memory of the graphic (RZOZUG), the input of which is connected to the output of random access memory graphics (RAM), and the output with the input of the logical OR circuit, the node forming the brand, the input of which is connected to the internal address bus (ADR), the image shift circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the register of the random access memory of the image (RGOZUI), the decoder of the numbers of graphics points, the four inputs of which are connected respectively with the output of the register of the random access memory of the graphics (RgOPS), the first register of the numbers of trajectories (РНТр1), the second register of numbers of trajectories (РНТр2) and the counter of the numbers of trajectories (SCNTr), digital-to-analog converter (DAC), the input of which is connected to the output of the image shift circuit, the graphic shift circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the decoder Afik, a monitor interface unit, the three inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the brand-forming unit, the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and the graphic shift circuit, and the three outputs (Video, H and V) with the corresponding inputs of the color monitor.