RU2785365C1 - Anti-emergency system for gasified premises and window transom used in anti-emergency system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: anti-explosion systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to anti-explosion systems with automatic protection of residential and non-residential premises and is intended for indoor use. The anti-emergency system for gasified premises includes a detection unit containing a microcontroller with a sensor for controlled parameters and a transmitter, an audible alarm and light indication device, and an emergency valve, which is a window transom with an emergency opening device, connected to the microcontroller. Moreover, the system contains a control device for shutting off the input power supply and outputting an emergency sound alarm and light indication outside, outside the living quarters, a detection unit equipped with a sensor for monitoring the presence of gas concentration, and also contains an emergency manipulator for shutting off the gas supply and an emergency window opening device connected to the control device. transoms using variants of spring mechanisms designed to create an ejection force and open the transom and hold it open in emergency cases.

EFFECT: providing a system and means to create a safe environment for closed gasified premises.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical solution claimed as an invention relates to anti-explosion systems with automatic protection of residential and non-residential premises, preventing an explosive situation as a result of leakage of domestic gas, and is intended for use in enclosed spaces.

The inventive system allows for automated shutdown of the main gas supply in the event of an emergency leak with simultaneous blocking of the power supply, a decrease in the gas concentration in the room by opening the transom on the basis of a spring device, as well as with external sound and light informing-alarming about the occurrence of an emergency. The system can be integrated into the work of "Smart Home".

It is now known that one of the causes of severe damage during gas explosions is the widespread use of plastic windows, which make it possible to almost hermetically block the flow of air from the external environment into the premises. Such windows have increased strength, therefore, as a result of a gas explosion, the main impact force falls on the supporting structures of the building, which leads to great destruction. With statistics on average of 70% gasification of regions, technical solutions in the field of safe use of domestic gas are especially relevant.

At present, with the expectation of 100% coverage of cities and even large villages with the Internet, a number of emergency devices and gas control devices have been developed, connected to the signaling and control unit using a wired and wireless communication line, as well as a radio signal. However, gas control and signal transmission do not solve the problem completely, since they do not prevent damage from the explosion. Known gas pollution control models do not meet the requirements of specialized services, since they usually only implement an alarm function with the transmission of information about the occurrence of an emergency - these features were revealed when studying the state of the art in this subject area.

Understanding the physical processes occurring in a gassed room, in order to eliminate the causes of detonation, it is necessary to cut off the power supply and create an active air current, which can reduce the risk of an explosion to a minimum in a matter of minutes. Therefore, the solution to the problem of developing an automatic system for creating a safe environment for gasified premises, which reduces the risk of an explosion and fire hazard, is currently relevant.

Known prior analogue of the proposed technical solution, Automatic gas control system according to the Russian patent for utility model No. 85718 dated 30.03. 2009, IPC: G08B 17/10, published 08/10/2009 The analog describes a system for automatic control of gas contamination, containing at least two gas detectors, a gas shut-off valve with electromagnetic control, an alarm and control unit and a dispatcher console, while the dispatcher console and all gas alarms are connected to the alarm and control unit via a radio channel, and the gas shut-off valve is connected to the signaling and control unit via a wired communication line, while the system contains additional gas shut-off valves connected via a wired communication line to gas alarms, and the gas alarm contains a power supply unit and a microcontroller connected to the power supply unit, a gas contamination sensor , a light and sound signaling module, a module for exchanging information via a radio channel, a shut-off valve control module, a module for selecting the network address of the gas contamination detector, while the microcontroller is connected to a gas contamination sensor, a light and sound module signal indication, information exchange module via radio channel, shut-off valve control module and module for selecting the network address of the gas contamination detector.

Common features with the claimed technical solution is the presence of a general scheme of the system, as well as the fact that the system-analogue according to the patent for utility model No. emergency.

The disadvantages of this analog are related to the purpose of its development, mainly aimed at improving the effectiveness of the alarm signaling with the supply of sound or light signals in the presence of smoke or gases, while the inventive system is capable, in addition to this, of performing actions both to shut off the gas supply and by opening the transom of the window for effective ventilation with the elimination of the possibility of accumulation of a large amount of gas.

An analog of the next generation is known, an emergency device for gas according to the Russian patent for utility model No. 131887 of 09/13/2012, IPC: G08B 19/10, published on 08/27/2013, including a detection unit with a temperature sensor, and the detection unit additionally contains a single-crystal microprocessor connected to a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a sound speaker and a radio transmitter circuit, designed so that in the case when the gas supply is not shut off and causes continuous burning, temperature rise or smoke, the radio transmitter circuit generates a radio signal; wherein the gas emergency device additionally includes a control unit containing a radio receiver circuit and a solenoid valve connected to the radio receiver circuit, wherein the solenoid valve contains a gas inlet connected to the gas hose and a gas outlet connected to the gas supply hose to the gas stove, moreover the radio receiver circuit is configured to receive a radio signal from the radio transmitter circuit of the detection unit and operate the solenoid valve to shut off the gas supply, while the detection unit additionally includes an automatic dialing system connected to a single-crystal microprocessor to dial the telephone number of the fire department or the police in the event that the temperature is elevated or the presence of smoke does not stop within the specified time. Thus, this analogue includes various types of sensors and a wireless communication circuit for communication with the control unit, as a result of which, when an elevated temperature, gas or smoke is detected, the gas supply is blocked and an alarm is issued to alert the user.

As can be seen from the index of the International Patent Classification, G08B 19/10, chosen when patenting this analogue, this analogue refers to alarm devices that respond to two or more different undesirable or abnormal conditions, in this case, an alarm about an increase in gas level, an increase in temperature, or the presence of smoke , which differs from the proposed technical solution by the complexity in the production of such a system.

The technical solution under the utility model patent No. 131887 has similarities with the claimed technical solution, such as the presence of a circuit solution. However, in this analogue, as in the previous one, attention is mainly paid to improving the alarm signaling. The analog system generates an alarm to alert the user, and if the user cannot resolve the accident on their own, then the auto-dial system contacts the fire department or the police by phone to ensure safety. In contrast to the claimed technical solution, the application of which involves preventive measures, in practice excluding the occurrence of an alarming situation with an increase in temperature and smoke.

The disadvantages of the analogue according to the utility model patent No. 131887 include the relative complexity of use in the absence of a preventive exception to the emergency.

A known system for automatic detection and control of gas leaks (prototype) according to the Russian patent for invention No. 2666324 of 02/06/2017, IPC: G08B 29/00, 19/00, 17/10, published on 09/06/2018, which includes a detection unit, containing a microcontroller with sensors of monitored parameters and a transmitter, an audible alarm device and an emergency valve associated with the microcontroller, the detection unit being equipped with a sensor for monitoring the presence of odorant concentration, as well as a differential pressure sensor installed in the exhaust ventilation zone, connected to the microcontroller, configured to calculation of the concentration of controlled gases and odorant at each moment of time, taking into account the frequency of air exchange per cubic capacity of the room and comparison with the level of permissible concentrations of controlled gases to issue a signal in case of deviation of permissible values, while the detection unit is located as part of a consumption device or a device for accounting for gas consumption and content It contains sensors for controlled parameters, namely: gas, carbon monoxide, smoke, and the emergency valve is made with a manual drive, protected from unauthorized activation and ensuring the resumption of gas supply.

Common features of the prototype with the claimed technical solution are the presence of a schematic solution and a schematic representation of the room with the system placed in it. However, the relatively narrow range of application, the involvement of a manual drive, in connection with this, possible errors due to the human factor make the prototype system inconvenient for a wide range of goals.

The prototype system does not allow preventive protection of the room from gas contamination, which reduces its effectiveness, while in the claimed solution the system is aimed at preventing emergencies.

The purpose of the proposed technical solution is to achieve the possibility of developing an anti-emergency system for automatic protection of premises with the accompanying creation of a safe environment for gasified premises and ensuring a reduction in the risk of an explosive and fire hazardous situation.

The technical task is to create a block diagram of a communication system and interaction of devices of the claimed anti-emergency system with optimal technical characteristics and with the accompanying creation of an emergency opening device for a window transom operating as an emergency valve in a gassed room.

The technical result is the expansion of the operational capabilities of the anti-emergency system, the practical application of the optimal parameters of all devices that make up the system design.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the anti-emergency system for creating a safe environment for gasified premises, in addition to a detection unit containing a microcontroller with sensors for monitored parameters and a transmitter, an audible alarm device and an emergency manipulator / gas shut-off valve, is additionally equipped with an emergency light indication, a supply cut-off device power supply and a device for emergency opening of the window transom.

The essence of the proposed technical solution lies in the fact that the anti-emergency system for gasified premises includes a detection unit containing a microcontroller with a sensor for controlled parameters and a transmitter, an audible alarm and light indication device, and an emergency valve, a window transom with an emergency opening device associated with the microcontroller . Moreover, the system contains a control device for shutting off the input power supply and outputting an emergency sound alarm and light indication outside, outside the living quarters, a detection unit equipped with a sensor for monitoring the presence of gas concentration, and also contains an emergency manipulator for shutting off the gas supply and an emergency window transom with emergency opening device.

Window transom used in the anti-emergency system for gasified premises, opened only in emergency cases and equipped with an emergency opening device, which is a glazed sash that fits tightly into the profile of the window frame, and the window frame in the porch sash vestibule is equipped with a spring mechanism designed to create a force ejection and opening of the transom and its retention in the open state in emergency cases, while the transom sash under normal conditions is tightly pressed against the window frame by means of electrical connection with the control device, which securely fixes the transom sash relative to the window frame during system operation, while the spring connection consists either of at least one helical spring placed under tension in the groove of the window frame profile and touching with one end of the transom sash, or of at least one Belleville spring placed under tension in the groove of the window frame profile and cassette transom sash, or from at least one flat spring, in the straightened state, also placed, in the appropriate size and thickness of the flat spring in the groove of the window frame profile, which, when the electrical circuit of the system is opened, create a force for pushing and opening the window transom and holding it in the open state. At the same time, the window transom from the side of the room is equipped with a window fittings handle without a twist lock in order to prevent its unauthorized blocking.

Blocks of the anti-emergency system for detecting and controlling functions that ensure the creation of a safe environment for gasified premises from the possible occurrence of an explosion and fire hazardous situation can be placed in a single housing autonomously, or as part of the installation of the electrical switchboard of the premises.

The detection unit contains sensors for controlled parameters of natural gas, methane and/or propane-butane mixture. The emergency manipulator for shutting off the gas supply is equipped with a device to protect against unauthorized switching on and ensure the resumption of the gas supply by specialists manually after the accident has been eliminated.

The control device is configured to output an emergency sound alarm and light indication outside the living space to increase awareness of the presence of an emergency requiring a special response.

The essence of the anti-emergency system for gasified premises and window transoms used in the anti-emergency system aimed at creating a safe environment for gasified premises is illustrated by drawings Fig.1-2 and sketches Fig.3-4, which show:

Fig. 1 - diagram of the control unit of the integrated system;

Fig. 2 - variant of the location of the spring in the anti-emergency window transom;

Fig. 3 - diagram of the orientation of the system in the room;

Fig. 4 - diagram of the location of the indication outside the premises about the presence of an emergency requiring a special response, where:

1 - control unit;

2 - gas leak sensor;

3 - sound alarm device;

4 - light indication device;

5 - microcontroller;

6 - emergency manipulator of the gas valve;

7 - device for disconnecting the power supply to the room;

8 - a device for opening a window transom;

9 - window transom spring.

The anti-emergency system for creating a safe environment for gasified premises includes a control unit of the integrated system 1, a gas leak sensor 2, an audible alarm device 3, a light indication device 4, an emergency gas valve manipulator 6, a device for disconnecting the power supply to the room 7 and a device for opening a window transom 8. Main technical characteristics of the system: operating voltage 220 V; current consumption in idle/alarm mode 15/200mA; operating temperature range from -10 to + 60 С; working humidity - no more than 95%.

The integrated system control unit 1 contains a microcontroller 5 connected to a gas leak sensor 2 and controls an audible alarm device 3, a light indication device 4, an emergency gas valve manipulator 6, a device for disconnecting the power supply to the room 7 and a device for opening a window transom 8. Sensor gas leak 2 can be placed independently, as well as as part of unit 1. The maximum distance between the gas leak sensor and the gas central is 100 m.

The sound signaling device 3 and the light indication device 4 are placed outside the dwelling (for example, in the entrance at the entrance door to the dwelling or on the display board at the entrance to the entrance) to increase awareness. The emergency manipulator of the gas valve 6 is installed on the valve without being included in the gas system. The microcontroller 5 can be made with the function of alerting special services, such as Gorgaz, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the owner of the premises.

The anti-emergency window transom is equipped with a device for its opening 8 and a spring 9.

The emergency manipulator of the gas cock is a device capable of automatically shutting off the gas supply. The emergency manipulator of the gas cock is protected from unauthorized activation. The resumption of gas supply is carried out in manual mode. The claimed system assumes the possibility of using an emergency gas valve built into the gas pipe according to the rules for its installation.

The anti-emergency system for creating a safe environment for gasified premises works as follows.

The microcontroller receives information from the gas sensor and determines the level of permissible concentrations of controlled gases in constant time mode, taking into account the frequency of air exchange per cubic capacity of the room and compares it with the normative data of controlled parameters. Detected gases: natural gas (methane) and propane-butane. Threshold 10% LEL. When a gas leak is detected, an audible alarm is emitted (loudness 85 dB), accompanied by a light indication (6-9 LEDs with a power of 5 V) in red color in flashing mode with simultaneous transmission of a 12 V pulse to the emergency manipulator, which closes the shut-off valve (torque of the rotary device 40kg/cm). The response time of the automatic drive is 5-10 seconds, the operating voltage is 10 - 14 V.

When the gas concentration in the room is higher than the permissible value, fixed for more than 20 seconds continuously, a control signal is given to disconnect the living space from the power supply and the window transom is automatically opened. The natural influx of air sharply reduces the concentration of gas and eliminates the formation of an explosive atmosphere.

After the gas supply is stopped and its concentration in the air drops to normal, the sound signal will stop, auxiliary devices will turn off, and the indicator will return to standby mode, and the light indication will stop flashing signals.

After the emergency is eliminated, the gas supply is resumed by the service personnel using the manual drive of the emergency gas valve manipulator.

If the gas concentrations in the room are normal, the system is idle.

Anti-emergency window transom works as follows. In the normal inactive state without gas leakage, the transom is closed, the transom handle does not have a twist lock. In the event of a gas leak and operation of the blocks of the proposed system, the window transom opening device 8 is triggered, in which the spring 9 is triggered. If a spiral spring is used, it straightens and opens the transom. If a flat or belleville spring is used, then such a spring relaxes and also opens the transom. After the emergency is eliminated, the transom is closed with the help of a handle by pressing the sash against the window frame.

The inventive anti-emergency system for gasified premises and the window transom used in the anti-emergency system can be manufactured on standard equipment using modern materials and technologies.

From the scientific and technical literature and patent documentation, such a system of automatic protection of residential and non-residential premises from leakage of household gas is not known, which has not only an alert function, but also aimed at reducing the risk of an explosion and fire situation.

Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of "novelty", "inventive step" and "industrial applicability".

Claims (5)

1. Anti-emergency system for creating a safe environment for gasified premises, including a detection unit containing a microcontroller with sensors for controlled parameters and a transmitter, an audible alarm and light indication device, and an emergency valve associated with the microcontroller, characterized in that the system contains a control device with a shutdown device input power supply and outputting an emergency sound alarm and light indication outside, outside the living quarters, a detection unit equipped with sensors to monitor the presence of gas concentration, and also contains an emergency manipulator for shutting off the gas supply connected to the control device, and as an emergency valve, an anti-emergency window transom with a device emergency opening. 2. The anti-emergency system according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection unit is located in a single unit with the control unit autonomously, or both of these mentioned units as part of the installation of the electrical switchboard of the room, while the detection unit contains sensors for controlled parameters of natural gas, methane and / or propane-butane mixtures. 3. Anti-emergency system according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency manipulator is made with a manual drive, equipped with a protection device against unauthorized activation and ensuring the resumption of gas supply. 4. Window transom used in the anti-emergency system for gasified premises, built into the structure of one of the windows of the room, opened only in emergency cases and equipped with a device for opening the window transom, including a body consisting of a frame and a glazing inserted into this frame, characterized in that is a glazed casement, and the transom frame fits tightly into the profile of the window frame, and the transom frame and the window profile are connected in mutually compatible places by a spring connection designed to create an extrusion force for the window transom and open it in emergency cases, while the transom frame in normal conditions, it is tightly pressed against the window frame and the spring connection is electrically connected to the control device, which, during system operation, securely fixes the window transom in the window frame profile, and when the system’s electrical circuit is opened, it creates a force for pushing and opening the window transom, while the spring connection consists of either at least one helical spring placed in tension in the window frame profile groove and touching the transom frame with one of its ends, or from at least one Belleville spring placed in tension in the window frame profile groove and touching the transom frame with one of its ends, or from at least one th flat spring, in a straightened stressed state, placed in the appropriate size and thickness of the flat spring in the groove of the window frame profile. 5. Window transom according to claim 4, characterized in that on the side of the room it is equipped with a window fittings handle that does not have a lock and is used to return the transom to the closed position, which protects the transom under normal conditions from unauthorized blocking.

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