RU2785266C1 - Method for correcting the level of anxiety and increasing mental performance - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to applied psychophysiology. A color-stimulating effect is carried out simultaneously on both eyes. The time of exposure, the moment of use, as well as the color or its shades, the user chooses independently. Stimulation is carried out using a smartphone, an application to it and VR glasses in the mode of non-periodic, stochastic presentation of a color stimulus with a flickering frequency in the range of 9.75-10.25 Hz from 2 to 5 minutes, with the number of sessions determined individually.

EFFECT: method provides correction of the level of anxiety and increase of mental performance by optimizing the functional state of the nervous system.

1 cl, 11 dwg, 2 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to applied psychophysiology and can be used in physiology and psychology of labor to correct the psycho-emotional state and improve the efficiency of mental activity of workers, in innovative pedagogy to optimize the intellectual activity of students, in everyday life at home.

There is a known method for improving mental performance by exposure to extremely high-frequency radiation (from 30 GHz to 300 GHz. on a point located along the midline of the forearm, 3 cm above the proximal wrist crease, (patent for invention RU No. 2435617 IPC: A61N 5/02, published on March 23, 2010. The disadvantage of this method is the use of complex, expensive, exclusive equipment.

There is a method for correcting the functional state (patent for the invention RU No. 2127135 IPC: A61N 5/00 A6185/00 publ. 22.02.1994), including binocular color stimulation in green and blue in the range of electroencephalogram waves synchronously with the rhythms of pulse output and respiration, the duration of the procedure for each mode is 30 minutes, the course is 6-10 procedures. The method is time-consuming, requires the use of complex exclusive equipment, does not take into account the initial psycho-emotional state of a person, which is reflected in the preference for a particular color for stimulation, and requires the participation of a specialist.

A method is known for purposefully changing the psycho-emotional state of a person by means of complex audiovisual stimulation, which consists in selecting a musical background, choosing color images that model a certain psycho-emotional state of a person, making the selected material in the form of a video film, taking into account the results of a clinical and psychological examination of the patient's psycho-emotional state, adding a carrier and the modulating frequency of sound and color vibrations for rhythmic influence in the frequency spectrum of natural electroencephalographic processes (patent for invention RU No. 2407432 IPC: А61В 5/0476 А61В 5/0482 publ. 27.12.2010). The method is time-consuming, focused only on the correction of the psycho-emotional state of a person, requires the participation of a specialist.

A known method for the treatment of cognitive disorders in chronic encephalopathy in patients with bronchial asthma (patent for invention RU No. 2308885 IPC: A61B 5/0476 A61M 21/00, publ. 27.10.2007), including drug treatment, electroencephalographic (EEG) studies, detection of disorders zonal distribution of the alpha rhythm and audiovisual impact, characterized in that they additionally evaluate the index of the alpha rhythm, as well as the index and relative power of the theta rhythm to determine the stimulation mode, the audiovisual impact is carried out using the device "Vojager Galaxy, by Tetha Texnologies, USA ", starting from the frequency of audiovisual signals of 12 Hz, followed by a smooth decrease in frequency over 8 minutes to 7.83 Hz, which is maintained until the end of the session, the course of treatment is 10 sessions of 30 minutes each. The method is time-consuming, requires the use of complex exclusive equipment, does not take into account the initial psycho-emotional state of a person, which is reflected in the preference for a particular color for stimulation, and requires the participation of a specialist.

There is a device "Rainbow-3L", which is designed for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. It is based on the method of pulsed photostimulation, based on the bioresonance effect on the organ of vision of light quanta in the range from 525 to 680 nm. Exposure to yellow-green and red pulsed light (Patent for invention RU No. 2189168, publ. 09.12.2021). The disadvantage of this method is the narrow range of use, tk. The invention relates to the field of medical technology, contains a control unit, and therefore requires the participation of not only the user, but also a specialist. The frequency of the presented stimuli differs significantly from that which will be used in our method.

There are ASIST training glasses designed to train the receptor and neuromuscular apparatus of the eyes and for general therapeutic and prophylactic effects on the entire body. The impact is carried out by light pulses of red, green and blue. Light sources are colored LEDs. The sequence, duration, color and frequency of pulses are programmed in the microprocessor, where six programs are implemented within the framework of a single algorithm (https://mosglaz.ru/blog/item/1650-ochki-trenazhery-asist.html). The disadvantage of this method is that the work of "ASIST" is based on the use of LEDs with specified glow parameters. This reduces the ability to fine-tune the color of the flashes to suit individual preferences. The device is difficult to manage, requires the participation of a specialist.

Known device Teterina for the correction of the functional systems of the body. The invention relates to the field of medical technology, namely to devices for correcting the functional systems of the human body. The device contains glasses with two light-insulated eyepieces, each of which has a light-diffusing reflector. Inside the reflector, a light source is rigidly fixed in the form of a set of LED emitters of different wavelengths of light radiation. The device also has a master oscillator, a light emission blinking frequency regulator and a power supply unit, a light emission brightness regulator, a control unit connected in series, a modulating pulse shaper and a modulator, two commutators. (Patent for invention RU 2230534, publ: 20.06.2004). The method requires the use of complex exclusive equipment, does not take into account the individual preference for a particular color for stimulation. The device is difficult to manage, requires the participation of a specialist.

In the methods of color exposure described above, the presentation of color with different frequencies was used.

As the closest analogue of the claimed method, one can consider the method of normalizing the psycho-emotional state and increasing the mental performance of a person, described in the article (Yatsenko M.V. et al. The effect of color photostimulation on mental performance indicators // Internet journal "World of Science". 2017, Volume 5, No. 2), where by color-pulse exposure to both eyes in the red, green and blue ranges with a flickering frequency of 10 Hz for 5 minutes. With the ability to adjust the brightness level. The method requires the use of glasses with LEDs that are connected to the device, the participation of a specialist, and the procedure in a special room. Stimulation was carried out in a periodic mode (Fig. 1, A).

The objective of the invention is to create a method for correcting the level of anxiety and increasing mental performance using color-stimulating effects (color stimulation), which makes it possible to carry out the procedure for normalizing the level of anxiety independently without its preliminary diagnosis at any time as necessary, while not requiring expensive specialized equipment and the participation of a specialist.

Manifestations of anxiety include a feeling of fear, problems with concentration, tension or nervousness, expectation of the worst, irritability, anxiety, as well as nightmares, obsessive thoughts, etc., which significantly reduce the quality of life, human performance and require timely correction.

The technical result is to improve the functional state of the body, by correcting the psycho-emotional state and increasing the mental performance of a person.

The essence of the proposed method is that the color-stimulating effect is non-periodic and stochastic, carried out simultaneously on both eyes, while the time of exposure and the moment of use, as well as the color or its shades, the user chooses independently. Stimulation occurs in the mode of non-periodic, stochastic presentation of a color stimulus with a flickering frequency in the range of 9.75-10.25 Hz (Fig. 1, B) from 2 to 5 minutes, with the number of sessions determined individually, until the desired result is achieved.

Non-periodic, stochastic presentation of a color stimulus with a flicker frequency in the range of 9.75-10.25 Hz provides a software application to a smartphone. Virtual reality glasses (VR glasses) are connected to the smartphone. Any glasses can be used, incl. inexpensive cost from 300 rubles.

The advantages of the proposed method:

- the user performs independently, if such a need arises (decrease in mental performance, increased anxiety);

- intuitive interface;

- the minimum set of available devices: smartphone, VR-glasses.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

Fig. 1. Modes of presentation of a color stimulus: A) periodic, B) non-periodic, stochastic.

Fig. 2. Screenshot of the application for color stimulation: selection of the frequency of flickering.

Fig. 3. Screenshot of the application for color photostimulation: selection of the color of exposure.

Fig. 4. Screenshot of the application for color photostimulation: the choice of setting the parameters of the color of the impact.

Fig. 5. Effect of color stimulation on situational anxiety in the highly anxious group (p≤0.05)

Fig. 6. Influence of color stimulation on situational anxiety in the low anxiety group, (р≤0.05)

Fig. 7. Indicators of the volume of information processing before (V1 and cx.) and after (V2) color stimulation, *- p<0.05.

Fig. 8. Indicators of information processing speed before (S1) and after (S2) color stimulation, *- p<0.05.

Fig. 9. The index of attention before (PV) and after (PV2) color stimulation, *- p<0.05.

Fig. 10. An example of the use of the invention.

Fig. 11. An example of the use of the invention.

Animals have shown that non-periodic, stochastic presentation of a color stimulus generates the presence of neuronal noise, which increases the sensitivity of neurons to this effect (Huidobro N., De la Torre-Valdovinos B., Mendez A., et. al. Optogenetic noise-photostimulation on the brain increases somatosensory spike firing responses // Neuroscience Letters/ - 2018. - Vol. 664, January 18. - P. 51-57. Https: //doi.org/10.1016/i.neulet.2017.11.004).

In therapy, it is known that color affects the dynamic balance of a person in feelings and emotions by color sublimation of repressed experiences through the creation of a certain color environment. (Serov N.V. Light and color therapy. The therapeutic meaning of color: information - color - intelligence. - St. Petersburg: "Rech", 2001). Therefore, the individual choice of color for exposure allows you to take into account the initial psycho-emotional state without its preliminary diagnosis.

The color impulse effect on the eyes with a flicker frequency of 10 Hz corresponds to the frequency spectrum of the electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha rhythm, which reflects the level of brain activity in a state of calm wakefulness, and allows you to regulate nervous processes in the cerebral cortex due to the reaction of imposing an external rhythm (Arabi L.S. Golub Ya.V., Zhirov V.M. Medico-psychological aspects of the use of light-sound stimulation and biofeedback. - St. Petersburg: "KERI", 2007. - 93 p.).

Each frequency range, provided that it dominates the EEG, corresponds to its own state of consciousness. In a state of anxiety, according to the observations of many researchers, the most “unfavorable” EEG sign is a poorly expressed alpha rhythm (Ivonin A.A. et al. Features of the organization of biopotentials of the cerebral cortex and vegetative status in humans with neurotic depression // Human Physiology. - 2012 - V. 38, No. 1 - P. 20-32; Sviderskaya N. E. et al. Features of EEG signs of anxiety in humans // Journal of Higher Nervous Activity. - 2001. - V. 51, No. 2. - C . 158-165).

The frequency of color flickering can influence the state of the central nervous system. (Arabi L.S. et al. Audio-visual stimulation in the complex therapy of psychogenic disorders // Bulletin of Psychotherapy. - 2011. - No. 39. - P. 9 - 17; Golub Ya.V., Zhirov V.M. Mediko -psychological aspects of the use of light-sound stimulation and biofeedback. - St. Petersburg: "KERI", 2007. - 93 p.). This is an important factor in normalizing the psycho-emotional state (one of the indicators of which is the level of anxiety) and increasing the mental performance of a person in the course of his professional activities.

The proposed method for correcting the psycho-emotional state and improving mental performance allows using any device for color-stimulating effects on both eyes simultaneously, which meets the following requirements:

- the impact has a non-periodic, stochastic character;

- the presence of colors in the visible range, with the ability to adjust hues, saturation and brightness, taking into account individual preferences;

- the ability to change the color of the impact;

- the ability to set their frequency in the range of 9.75-10.25 Hz in a non-periodic stochastic mode.

The color stimulating effect according to the proposed method was carried out using an application (developed by the authors of the method) for a smartphone, which is compatible with devices using Android, Windows and iOS operating systems. Through the application, the user can adjust the color stimulation parameters: flicker frequency (Fig. 2), exposure color (Fig. 3), color parameters such as hue, saturation and value (Fig. 4). As a result, the user is given the opportunity to configure the most comfortable color for the impact. The impact of color photostimulation with a comfortable color, through a smartphone application, is carried out by the user using virtual reality glasses (VR glasses). VR glasses are needed to merge two flickering circles into one, as a result, the user perceives the flickering of not two circles, but one. This ensures that the maximum effect of color stimulation is achieved.

The proposed method is carried out as follows:

1) the user, using the application, starts the frequency of light flickers in the range of 9.75 - 10.25 Hz, which is embedded in the software;

2) the user selects the preferred (comfortable) color and shades of flickering;

3) the user inserts the smartphone into the VR glasses and puts them on;

4) color stimulation time 2-5 minutes depending on the user's feelings;

5) the number of sessions - at the discretion of the user until the desired result is achieved, it is recommended from 1 to 10.

A study was made of the influence of non-periodic, stochastic color-stimulating effects on the psycho-emotional state and mental performance before completing the task of first-year students of Altai State University.

The study involved 30 people (students) of both sexes, aged 17-19 years, during the winter session. In the course of the study, the subjects were assessed situational anxiety (anxiety level) according to Spielberger-Khanin and mental performance indicators using a correction test (the number of characters viewed) V.Ya. Anfimova (Stolyarenko L.D. Fundamentals of psychology. Workshop. - 7th edition. Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2006. 704 p.). As indicators of mental performance, the following were calculated: the volume of information processing, the speed of information processing, and the indicator of attention. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using the software package "Statistica v.5.5" and "SSPS v.13". Significance of differences was assessed using Student's parametric t-test.

At the first stage of the experiment, the initial state of mental performance and situational anxiety was assessed - this is the first measurement.

Next, a color-stimulating effect was performed at a frequency of 10 Hz with the color chosen by the experimenter (subjective choice). After the expiration of the exposure, the subject's indicators of situational anxiety were determined and a correction test was carried out - this is the second measurement.

At the next stage, the subject was asked to choose their own color for color-stimulating exposure with a frequency in the range of 9.75 - 10.25 Hz (objective choice). As you know, the choice of color reflects the psycho-emotional state of a person (Sobchik L.N. The method of color choices - a modification of the Luscher eight-color test: a practical guide. - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2007. - 128 p.). After exposure, situational anxiety indicators were again assessed and a correction test was carried out - this is the third measurement.

According to the results of the study of situational anxiety in the initial state, three groups were formed: highly anxious (above 45 points), moderately anxious (from 31 to 45 points, i.e. with an optimal psycho-emotional state that does not require correction), and low anxious (up to 30 points). points), in which a comparative analysis of the effect of color exposure on the level of situational anxiety was carried out (Fig. 2-3).

From FIG. Figure 5 shows that in the group of highly anxious subjects after a single color-stimulating effect (color - at the choice of the experimenter), there was a significant decrease in the level of situational anxiety from 58.64±0.65 to 57.0±0.55. The maximum decrease in the level of anxiety occurred when the subjects were asked to choose colors (up to 55.93 ± 0.5). Therefore, the color that evokes the most pleasant emotions in a person is able to reduce anxiety more effectively.

In the group of low anxiety subjects (Fig. 6), on the contrary, there was a significant increase in the level of anxiety from 25.5±2.01 to 30.33±2.35 points (subjective choice) and up to 29.83±2.23 (objective choice) , i.e. situational anxiety improved.

Example 1

Student A. (Table 1, No. 26) is classified as highly anxious, because the initial level of situational anxiety was 61 points. After stimulation with the color chosen by the experimenter (subjective choice), situational anxiety decreased to 58 points, and after self-selection (objective choice), to 55 points.

Student P. (Table 1, No. 32) is classified as highly anxious, because the initial level of situational anxiety was 76 points. After stimulation with the color chosen by the experimenter (subjective choice), situational anxiety decreased to 70, and after self-selection (objective choice), to 69 points.

Student M. (Table 1 No. 30) is classified as highly anxious, because the initial level of situational anxiety was 64 points. After stimulation with the color chosen by the experimenter (subjective choice), situational anxiety decreased to 39, and after self-selection (objective choice), to 38 points.

Student N. (Table 1, No. 3) is assigned to the group of low anxiety, because the initial level of situational anxiety was 24 points. After stimulation with the color chosen by the experimenter (subjective choice), situational anxiety increased to 26, and after self-selection (objective choice) - up to 29 points.

Student X. (Table 1, No. 3) is classified as low anxious, because the initial level of situational anxiety was 24 points. After stimulation with the color chosen by the experimenter (subjective choice), situational anxiety increased to 26, and after self-selection (objective choice) - up to 29 points.

As can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 5, 6 a single color-stimulating effect helps to optimize the psycho-emotional state of students, more pronounced in the case of using the preferred color. For a sustainable effect, stimulation must be repeated up to 5-10 times.

From Table 2 and FIG. 7-9 it can be seen that a single color stimulation with the preferred color led to a significant increase in both quantitative (volume and speed of information processing) and qualitative (attention indicator) indicators of mental performance in the group of highly anxious students. For a sustainable effect, stimulation must be repeated up to 5-10 times.

An individual choice of color for color-stimulating effects allows taking into account the initial psycho-emotional state without additional testing.

Example 2. Use of the invention (Fig. 10, Fig. 11).

The proposed method uses inexpensive equipment, including a smartphone and VR glasses, which can be used at any time, anywhere, because. does not require power supply and participation of a specialist.

The user, using a software application for a smartphone, triggers a frequency of light flickers in the range of 9.75-10.25 Hz. Then, using an intuitive interface, selects a comfortable color and shades of flickering. The user inserts the smartphone into the VR glasses and puts them on. The color stimulation time is 2-5 minutes, the number of sessions is from 1 to 10 at the discretion of the user, depending on the sensations.

Claims (1)

A method for correcting the level of anxiety and increasing mental performance using a color-stimulating effect, characterized in that the color-stimulating effect is carried out simultaneously on both eyes; the time of exposure, the moment of use, as well as the color or its shades, the user chooses independently; stimulation is carried out using a smartphone, an application to it and VR glasses in the mode of non-periodic, stochastic presentation of a color stimulus with a flickering frequency in the range of 9.75-10.25 Hz from 2 to 5 minutes, with the number of sessions determined individually.

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