RU2785246C1 - Apparatus for external suspension of helicopter cargo - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of aviation, in particular, to systems for cargo suspension under the helicopter fuselage. Apparatus for external suspension of helicopter cargo comprises supports (1) whereon an upper lock (2) is placed, wherein rotary hooks (13) and a microswitch (15) are located. The supports (1) are secured onto the power elements of the cargo hatch of the cargo cabin of the helicopter, a coupling lock (3) is installed in the upper part of the upper lock (2). A cardan tip (4) is set in the upper lock from below, whereto a central rope (5) or a wireline (10) with an electric lock (11) is secured thereon in connected. A hook (6) is connected to the central rope (5), wherein sling ropes (7) with cargo holders (9) secured thereon are suspended on said hook, a power hydraulic cylinder (14) is placed on the outside of the body of the upper lock (2).

EFFECT: higher security of attaching cargo on the helicopter, flight safety.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of aviation, in particular to cargo suspension systems under the fuselage of a helicopter and can be used for transporting cargo by a helicopter outside its cargo compartment, as well as for quickly unloading cargo at the place of delivery.

A system of external suspension of cargo to a helicopter is known (patent SU 509495, B64D 1/22, published on March 23, 1976). An electric winch is installed on board the helicopter, the cable of which with a trap-lock passes through the power lock. A cargo cable with a hook through the head is fixed to the trap-lock, which is made from the upper part with a collar for fastening in the power lock in the lower part, interconnected by a spherical bearing. The lower part of the head of the cargo cable has a cylindrical thickening, which interacts with the spherical hinge of the flat hinged four-link mechanism, fixed on the body of the power lock with the help of cardans. A rod is fixed on one of the links of the four-link mechanism, which interacts with the spring-loaded levers of the autopilot cable position sensor installed on the body of the power lock and connected by electric circuits to the autopilot.

A device for external load suspension of a rotary-wing aircraft is known (patent US2012018569, publ. 01/26/2012, B64C 7/00), which contains a lower mount designed to perceive longitudinal and transverse loads; upper attachment point, necessary for the perception of vertical loads; as well as a tension element installed between the lower and upper frame attachment points. The tension element is designed to transfer tensile loads between the lower and upper frame attachment points. In this case, the lower frame fastening unit contains an eye attached to the frame of the airframe and additionally contains a swivel axle support arm mounted on the specified eye to enable forward and backward rotation of the swivel axle support arm. At the same time, the pivot arm of the axle support supports a spherical joint designed to compensate for the deflection of an external suspension mounted on the spherical joint. Said deflection includes longitudinal and transverse deflections relative to the spherical joint to respond to longitudinal and transverse loads.

A device for external load suspension is known, which is closest to the claimed invention (patent RU 2763621, B64C 3/00, B64C 3/42, publ. 12/30/2021). by means of cardans it is suspended from the ceiling of the cargo compartment, a cardan tip is inserted into the upper lock with a central rope attached to it, slings ending with four brackets directly hooked to the load. The cardan tip rests on hooks, which, when rotated about their axes, release the cardan tip. Hooks are rotated electrically.

The disadvantages of such a device for external suspension of cargo include the following.

Fixing the upper lock on the ceiling of the cargo compartment occupies some part of the volume of the cargo compartment. In addition, the operation of a helicopter without external suspension requires the dismantling of the upper lock, which takes a considerable amount of time.

The electromechanism for turning the hooks of the upper lock is not very fast, and is also prone to breakage when the load on the rod of the electromechanism is exceeded.

A technical problem not solved in the known device, the solution of which is provided by the claimed invention, is to create an external suspension that does not occupy the usable volume of the cargo compartment, with a hydraulic drive for turning the top lock hooks.

The technical result achieved by the claimed invention is to increase the reliability of cargo attachment to the helicopter, increase flight safety, reduce the time for transferring the helicopter to the state of operation of the latter without external suspension, reduce the burden on personnel, and expand operational capabilities.

To achieve a technical result, a device is proposed for external suspension of cargo of a helicopter, containing supports 1, on which an upper lock 2 is located, in which rotary hooks 13, a microswitch 15 are located, in accordance with the claimed invention, characterized in that the supports 1 are fixed to the power elements of the cargo hatch of the cargo compartment of the helicopter, in the upper part of the upper lock 2, a hitch lock 3 is installed, from below, a cardan tip 4 is installed in the upper lock, to which the central rope 5 or the rope-cable 10 is connected with the electric lock 11 fixed to it, and a hook is connected to the central rope 5 6, on which sling ropes 7 are suspended with load holders 9 fixed on them, a hydraulic power cylinder 14 is placed outside on the body of the upper lock 2.

In addition, four slings 7 are fixed to the central rope 5, ending with four brackets 9, which are directly hooked to the load.

At the same time, the central ropes 5 have different lengths and can be installed in any combination,

Moreover, the hydraulic power cylinder 14 is connected to the hydraulic system of the helicopter.

In addition, the support 1 is a complex-shaped bracket, on the one hand, a groove is made in the supports 1, the size of which corresponds to the size of the top lock 2, and the support 1 is bolted to the mating fasteners of the top lock 2, on the other side, the support 1 is equipped with a horizontal an element with stiffening ribs and holes for bolting to the power elements of the cargo hatch.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings: Fig. 1 - general view of the external suspension; fig. 2 - upper lock of the external suspension; fig. 3 - longitudinal section of the upper lock.

The external load suspension device of the helicopter consists of two supports 1, fixed to the load-bearing elements of the cargo hatch of the cargo cabin of the helicopter. The upper lock 2 is fixed on the supports 1 (Fig. 1, 2).

Each support 1 is a complex-shaped bracket. On the one hand, the supports 1 have a groove, the size of which corresponds to the size of the top lock 2, the size of which corresponds to the size of the top lock 2, and the support 1 is bolted to the mating fastening elements of the top lock 2. On the other side, the support 1 is equipped with a horizontal element with stiffeners and holes for bolting to the load-bearing elements of the cargo hatch of the cargo compartment of the helicopter.

In the upper part of the upper lock 2, a hitch lock 3 is installed, from below, a cardan tip 4 is installed in the upper lock.

A central rope 5 is connected to the cardan tip 4, which consists of one or more segments of different lengths, which can be installed in any combination to achieve the total specified length. A hook 6 is connected to the central rope 5. Line ropes 7 are suspended on the hook 6 with the help of a bracket 8. At the lower ends of the line ropes 7, load holders 9 are installed, designed to connect the external suspension with the transported cargo.

Instead of a central rope 5 with a hook 6, a rope-cable 10 can be installed with an electric lock 11 fixed on it, to which, in this case, with the help of a bracket 8, slender ropes 7 with load holders 9 are fixed.

The upper lock 2 (Fig. 2) is attached to the fuselage with the help of supports 1; an emergency opening handle 12 is installed in the upper part of the upper lock 2.

Inside the upper lock 2 (Fig. 3) there are rotary hooks 13, a microswitch 15 and a load weight sensor 16, the rotation of which is carried out using a power hydraulic cylinder 14 located outside on the upper lock 2 and connected to the hydraulic system of the helicopter.

A cardan tip 4 with a central rope 5 attached to it, a hook 6, slings 7 ending with four load holders 9 directly hooked to the load, and a bracket 8 is inserted from below into the upper lock 2 (Fig. 1), together with a hitch lock 3, which is attached from above to the cardan tip 4. At the same time, the swivel hooks 13 are open.

In the upper part, the cardan tip 4 is made with a circular recess and a mushroom-shaped upper part. In this case, the hooks 13 in the lower part repeat the rounded shape of the recess of the tip 4.

When the tip of the cardan 4 enters together with the hitch lock 3 inside the top lock 2, the microswitch 15 is pressed, which gives a signal to close the hooks 13 of the top lock, by means of the power cylinder 14, which turns the hooks 13. In this case, the lower part of the hooks 13 enters the circular recess of the tip gimbal 4 and engages with the protruding mushroom-shaped upper part of the said tip 4. After that, the gimbal tip drops and hangs on hooks 13 (Fig. 3).

When installing the upper lock 2 in the hatch 17, located in the floor 18 of the cargo compartment 19, the doors 20 rise, which act as a barrier designed for the safety of the operator in the process of working with an external load suspension. Thus, a special guard, which must be removed when the external suspension is not in use, is not required.

On the external suspension (Fig. 1), instead of the central rope 5, a cable-rope 10 can be installed, on which the lower electric lock 11 is fixed.

For the convenience of installing the tip of the gimbal 4 in the upper lock 2, as well as for connecting the central rope 5 in the hover mode, a pull-up of the central rope 5 (Fig. 1) is provided, which is carried out using a winch 21, which is located on the floor 18 of the cargo compartment 19. Winch 21 is switched on for the release of the rope, and the rope 22 of the winch 21 is passed through the roller 23 inside the upper lock 2,

is released outside the helicopter and connected to the gimbal tip 4 with the help of a lock-coupler 3. After that, the winch 21 is switched on for cleaning the rope 22, and the central rope 5 is pulled into the upper lock 2.

The length of the central rope 5 is pre-selected from the flight conditions and the characteristics of the cargo. The central rope 5 consists of individual sections of ropes of different lengths, which can be connected in any combination and in any quantity.

The length of the slings 7 is selected depending on the configuration and dimensions of the cargo. Each sling 7 consists of separate sections of ropes of different lengths, which can be connected in any combination and in any quantity.

Transportation of goods on an external sling is carried out as follows.

In the floor 18 of the cargo compartment 19, a hatch 17 opens, the flaps 20 of which act as a fence. The central rope 5, together with the slings 7, is fixed on the transported cargo with the help of load holders 9.

Then the central rope 5 is installed into the upper lock 2 by means of a cardan tip 4 with the help of a winch 21. The external suspension is ready to carry the load.

Before starting the transportation of cargo, the weight of the cargo must be monitored according to the readings of the sensor 16 of the weight of the cargo, which is located in the upper lock 2.

After delivering the load to the place, the pilot sets it on the ground, the straps 7 are loosened, and using the button "Tactical load drop" gives an electrical signal to open the upper lock 2 or to open the electric lock 11, depending on the version of the suspension. In the first case, the upper lock 2 opens, and the central rope 5, together with the slings 7, are disconnected from it. In the second case, the electric lock 11 opens, and only the lines 7 are disconnected, and the cable-rope 10 remains on the helicopter.

In order to implement the requirement of the Aviation Regulations (paragraph 29.865 par. (b) (2) on the need for a redundant high-speed emergency cargo release subsystem, an emergency cargo release handle 12 is installed on the top lock 2, with which you can open the top lock manually in the event of a power failure. or hydraulic power cylinder 14 connected to the hydraulic system of the helicopter.

Thus, the design of the external suspension has several versions: in the first version, the central ropes 5 and slings 7 can be steel, in the second - synthetic tape, in the third - instead of the central rope 5, a rope-cable 10 can be installed, to which the electric lock 11 is attached , with which you can carry out a tactical drop of cargo, while the rope-cable 10 remains on the helicopter.

The use of synthetic ropes is a priority, as the comfort and convenience of using them are greatly increased.

Since the upper lock 2 is located inside the cargo compartment 19, it is not exposed to negative environmental factors, there is no need to remove it to the stowed position before landing the helicopter, the possibility of damage to the fuselage during an emergency landing of the helicopter is excluded, it became possible to implement a duplicate mechanical emergency cargo release, as required by the Aviation Regulations.

For ease of use and increase in flight safety, a load weight sensor 16 is installed inside the upper lock 2, the readings of which are displayed on the pilot's instrument panel, and are also recorded in the accident recorder.

Thus, the technical result is achieved. For the convenience of hooking the central rope 5 to the upper lock 2, the central rope is pulled up with the help of a winch 21, designed for rolling wheel loads into the cargo compartment 19.

The use of the upper lock 2, which, with the help of two supports 1, is installed in the hatch 17, located in the floor 18 of the cargo compartment 19, passed through the hatch 17 of the central rope 5 with straps 7 attached to it with the help of a bracket 6, ending with load holders 9, is aimed at increasing reliability and safety of external load suspension.

The installation of the upper lock 2 in the hatch 17, located in the floor 18 of the cargo compartment 19, can significantly reduce the time of re-equipment of the cargo compartment 19 for helicopter operation without external suspension.

The use of the upper lock 2, inside which are the rotary hooks 13, the microswitch 15 and the sensor 16, as well as the use of the power hydraulic cylinder 14, is aimed at increasing the reliability and safety of the external load suspension and reducing the load on the operator.

The use of a central rope 5 with four slings 7 fixed on it, ending with four load holders 9, which are directly hooked to the load, increases the reliability of the load fastening.

The execution of the central rope 5 and each sling 7 is made up of separate sections of ropes of different lengths, which can be connected in any combination and in any quantity, allows you to expand the operational capabilities of the helicopter, due to the possibility of adjusting the total length of the rope, and also provides for the transportation of goods of various configurations, including complex, lengthy, etc.

The provided possibility to automatically record sensor readings 16 in the accident recorder allows to increase the safety of flights with a load.

The provision of the function of pulling the central rope 5, which is carried out with the help of a winch 21, placed on the floor 18 of the cargo compartment 19, increases the convenience of installing the central rope in the upper lock 2 and reduces the load on the operator.

Claims (5)

1. A device for external load suspension of a helicopter, containing supports (1) on which an upper lock (2) is placed, in which swivel hooks (13) are located, a microswitch (15), characterized in that the supports (1) are fixed to the power elements of the cargo hatch of the cargo compartment of the helicopter, in the upper part of the upper lock (2) a hitch lock (3) is installed, a cardan tip (4) is installed in the upper lock from below, to which the central rope (5) is connected or the rope-cable (10) with a fixed on it with an electric lock (11), and a hook (6) is connected to the central rope (5), on which the sling ropes (7) are suspended with load holders (9) fixed on them, a power hydraulic cylinder (14) is placed on the upper lock body (2). ). 2. A device for external suspension of a helicopter load according to claim 1, characterized in that four slings (7) are fixed to the central rope (5), ending with four brackets (9), which are directly hooked to the load. 3. A device for external suspension of a helicopter load according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections of the central rope (5) have different lengths and can be installed in any combination. 4. Device for external load suspension of the helicopter under item 1, characterized in that the hydraulic power cylinder (14) is connected to the hydraulic system of the helicopter. 5. A device for external suspension of a helicopter load according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (1) is a bracket of complex shape, on the one hand, a groove is made in the supports (1), the size of which corresponds to the size of the upper lock (2), and the support (1) is bolted to the mating fasteners of the upper lock (2), on the other side, the support (1) is provided with a horizontal element with stiffeners and holes for bolting to the load-bearing elements of the cargo hatch.

Images