RU2785027C1 - All-year round cooling unit based on the use of cold outdoor air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food, construction and agricultural industries.

SUBSTANCE: proposed solution is intended for use in the food, construction and agricultural industries, which may be consumers of accumulated cold. The effect is achieved in that: a year-round cooling device based on the use of cold outside air, including a cold accumulator with a cold storage system at an ambient temperature below the cooling, cooling temperature, supply and exhaust pipes of the air cooling system (CS), a heat exchanger located in a warm indoors, characterized in that it contains a water cooling system, including a submersible pump, a water CS pressure pipe, a submersible pump connecting through a tap with a heat exchanger, a water CS drain pipe, the upper end of which is connected through a tap to the heat exchanger, and the lower open end is lowered into an underground reservoir , which serves as a cold accumulator, the supply and exhaust pipes of the air CS are also connected to the heat exchanger through the corresponding valves, and the inlet of the supply pipe is located below the outlet window of the exhaust pipe.

EFFECT: increasing the degree of reliability and efficiency.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed solution is intended for use in the food, construction and agricultural industries, which may be consumers of accumulated cold.

In numerous small enterprises processing dairy products, vegetables, berries, etc., a significant part of the costs is the cost of electricity for the production of cold.

It is known "Device for heat exchange of liquids and gases" RU 2517844 [1], including at least one heat exchange structure, which is located below the earth's surface, in the lower part of the heat exchange structure contains an underground reservoir, above the underground reservoir there is a water heat exchanger for use in the warm season, submersible a pump located in the warm season at the bottom of the body of the central freezing unit, with a delivery hose connected to the inlet of the water heat exchanger, and a drain hose connected to the outlet of the water heat exchanger and the tank.

The disadvantage of the known method is the low efficiency, seasonality of the operation of the device, the complexity of the technology and equipment for creating an underground reservoir by washing out frozen soils with water through a well, as well as the impossibility of installing underground cold accumulators in dispersed soils of low power.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is the "Combined display cabinet system with a natural source of cold for cooling" CN 104613706 [2], which includes a cold accumulator with a cold storage system at an ambient temperature below the cooling temperature, an air intake, a fan, an exhaust pipe, a heat exchanger.

The known method makes it possible to cool the heat exchanger in cold weather directly with cold outside air, which increases the efficiency of the device.

The disadvantages of the method include work only in cold weather, low reliability and energy efficiency.

The technical result is an increase in the degree of reliability and efficiency.

The technical result is achieved by: a year-round cooling device based on the use of cold outside air, including a cold accumulator with a cold storage system at an ambient temperature below the cooling temperature, supply and exhaust pipes of the air cooling system (OS), a heat exchanger located in a warm room, characterized in that it contains a water cooling system for summer cooling, including a submersible pump, a water OS discharge pipe connecting the submersible pump with a heat exchanger through a tap, a water OS drain pipe, the upper end of which is connected through a tap to the heat exchanger, and the lower open end is lowered into the underground the reservoir serving as a cold accumulator, the supply and exhaust pipes of the air OS for winter cooling are also connected to the heat exchanger through the corresponding valves, and the inlet of the supply pipe is located below the outlet window of the exhaust pipe.

The cold accumulator in the form of an underground reservoir can be a pit located in the upper part of the permafrost array, filled with water to prevent its roof from buckling in winter, filled with water no more than 0.9 of its height, which will significantly increase the efficiency of the device in terms of the ratio construction costs to productivity and will prevent the destruction of the roof of the pit when water freezes, which will improve reliability.

The cold accumulator can have at least one air heat exchange structure connected to the supply and exhaust pipes of the freezing device, and the exhaust pipe rises 3-5 m above the ground. pipes, respectively. This implementation will further increase energy efficiency due to the ability of the cold accumulator to automatically accumulate cold by convection at an ambient air temperature below the water temperature in the accumulator, for example, at low night temperatures even at a relatively warm season without the cost of pumping atmospheric air through heat exchangers.

The heat exchanger can be installed in the refrigeration chamber, which will simplify the product cooling device, thereby increasing its reliability and efficiency.

The side walls and roof of the excavation can be fixed, and the space between the roof fixing and the ground level is filled with soil, which will make it possible to build an efficient and reliable cold accumulator device.

The above-ground parts of the discharge and drain pipes of the water cooling system can be thermally insulated, which will reduce the cold loss in summer.

The device operates as follows:

The proposed device is shown schematically in the drawing,

where:

1 - refrigerator;

2 - drain pipe of the water OS;

3 - supply pipe of the air OS;

4 - discharge pipe of the water OS;

5 - air OS exhaust pipe;

6 - warm room;

7 - valve on the exhaust pipe of the air OS;

8 - valve on the discharge pipe of the water OS;

9 - valve on the supply pipe of the air OS;

10 - tap on the drain pipe of the water OS;

11 - heat exchanger;

12 - door of the refrigerating chamber;

13 - supply pipe of the freezing device of the pit;

14 - overlap of the pit;

15 - floor beams;

16 - side cladding of the pit;

17 - racks for fastening the pit;

18 - pit;

19 - air freezing pipe;

20 - casing;

21 - discharge pipe of the water OS;

22 - submersible pump;

23 - culvert on the casing;

24 - exhaust pipe of the freezing device of the pit;

25 - bulk soil;

26 - border of seasonal thawing.

The air OS includes a heat-insulated refrigerating chamber 1 with a door 12 located in a warm room 6, a heat exchanger 11 fixed to the ceiling of the refrigerating chamber, a heat-insulated supply pipe 3, one end of which is connected to the heat exchanger, and the other is brought outside the room, an exhaust pipe 5, one the end of which is connected to the heat exchanger, and the other heat-insulated part is also brought out of the room, located vertically on the outer surface of the wall of the room, the height of this part of the pipe is 3-5 m. The air ducts are equipped with valves 7 and 9.

The water OS includes an underground cold accumulator in the form of a pit 18 filled with water no more than 0.9 of its height and located in the upper part of the array of permafrost soils, fixed from the sides and top by the overlap of the pit 14, floor beams 15, side cladding of the pit 16, pit fastening posts 17, the space between the fixing of the roof of the excavation and the level of the ground surface is filled with soil 25, at least one air-freezing pipe 19 horizontally located in the middle of the height of the excavation with vertical inlet pipe 13, the upper end of which is located above the maximum height of the snow cover and an exhaust pipe 24, above-ground heat-insulated part of which rises above the ground by 3-5 m. The boundary of seasonal thawing 26. In the middle of the pit, a tubular casing 20 with culvert windows 23 is located vertically at the level of the water surface in the pit. The water cooling circulation system consists of a submersible pump 22, located at the bottom of the casing in the summer, a discharge pipe, for example, in the form of a flexible hose 21, connected at one end to a submersible pump, the other to a heat exchanger, a drain pipe, the upper end of which is connected to the heat exchanger, and the lower end is lowered into an underground reservoir and is located above the ice surface. The above-ground parts of the discharge and drain pipes are thermally insulated and equipped with taps 8 and 10.

The device works as follows . In the cold season, the water OS valves 8 and 10 are closed, and the air OS valves 7 and 9 are open. Due to the greater density of cold atmospheric air than the density of warmer air in the exhaust pipe 3, there is a continuous convective movement of cold air through the inlet pipe 3, the heat exchanger 11 and the exhaust pipe 5 connected in series, cooling the product in the refrigerating chamber 1. During the same period, water freezes in an underground pit 18 under the action of cold air moving through the supply pipe 13, the freezing pipe 19 and the exhaust pipe 24. The convective movement of cold air through the freezing system occurs until the temperature of the outside air equals the temperature of the ice in the pit.

Before the termination of the cooling capacity of the air OS due to an increase in the temperature of the atmospheric air, water is poured into the pit 18, the amount of which is determined by the maximum drop in the water level in the pit during ice melting by the end of the water OS operation season. A submersible pump 22 is lowered into the casing 20 with an injection pipe (hose) 21 attached to it, valves 7 and 9 are closed, taps 8 and 10 of the water OS are opened and the submersible pump 22 is turned on. water in the pit 18 to the lower edge of the culverts 23 on the casing 20, the submersible pump 22 is removed from the casing to the surface, the taps on the conduits 8 and 10 are closed, and the valves on the air ducts 7 and 9 are opened. The air temperature in the refrigerating chamber 1 is controlled in summer using valve 8 or 10, in winter using valve 7 or 9. Subsequently, the cycles of operation of air and water OS are repeated.

EFFECT : increasing the degree of reliability and energy efficiency is achieved by replacing a system with a fan supply of cold air to a system with a convective movement of cold air, and in the summer, supplying a liquid heat carrier - water by a pump, which significantly reduces energy costs for moving the coolant. The location of the inlet of the supply pipe below the outlet window of the exhaust pipe will allow for the natural circulation of cooling air, which will increase the reliability and efficiency of the device as a whole.

Industrial applicability. The proposed device can be carried out by known and widely used methods.

Claims (5)

1. A year-round cooling device based on the use of cold outside air, including a cold accumulator with a cold storage system at an ambient temperature below the cooling temperature, supply and exhaust pipes of the air cooling system (OS), a heat exchanger located in a warm room, characterized in that it contains water cooling system, including a submersible pump, a water OS discharge pipe connecting a submersible pump to a heat exchanger through a tap, a water OS drain pipe, the upper end of which is connected through a tap to a heat exchanger, and the lower open end is lowered into an underground reservoir serving as a cold accumulator, to the heat exchanger the supply and exhaust pipes of the air OS are also connected through the corresponding valves, and the inlet of the supply pipe is located below the outlet window of the exhaust pipe. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cold accumulator in the form of an underground reservoir is a pit located in the upper part of the permafrost array, filled with water no more than 0.9 of its height. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cold accumulator has at least one air heat exchange structure connected to the supply and exhaust pipes of the freezing device, and the exhaust pipe rises 3-5 m above the ground. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger is installed in the refrigerating chamber. 5. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the above-ground part of the discharge and drain pipes of the water cooling system are thermally insulated.

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