RU2783683C1 - Desinsection powder based on quartz flour (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: inventions relate to agriculture. Desinsection powders are characterized by the fact that they consist of a mechanical mixture of quartz flour and hydrophilic silicon dioxide or of a mechanical mixture of quartz flour, hydrophilic silicon dioxide and boric acid powder, with a powder particle size ranging from 0.5 to 50 microns. All components are taken at a certain ratio.

EFFECT: inventions make it possible to increase efficiency by improving the desinsection properties of powders.

2 cl, 3 tbl

Description

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to insect control agents used in medical disinfestation, agriculture and forestry, veterinary medicine, home gardening and in everyday life, in particular with synanthropic cockroaches, crickets, bed bugs, fleas, silverfish and represents insecticidal compositions of inorganic substances , which is especially important due to the fact that many insect pests have formed populations that are resistant (resistant) to organic synthetic insecticides from the classes of organochlorine and organophosphorus compounds, carbamic acid derivatives, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids. However, there is no resistance to inorganic substances, since they are not subject to detoxification with the help of detoxification enzymes inherent in the body of insects.

It is known to use diatomite powder as an insecticide or its component, in particular, an insecticide is known containing abrasive particles of diatomite or tripoli having a porous structure. The particle size of the powder used for external impact on insects is less than 1/100 of the average body length of the destroyed insects, and the particle size of the powder used for influencing the respiratory and esophageal tract of insects is less than 1/1000 of the average body length of the destroyed insects, while the powder has specific surface not less than 12000 cm ² /g (RU 2 660 282 C1, 07/05/2018).

Known insecticidal composition for combating cockroaches and other insects, made on the basis of zeolite powder, and may additionally include other porous minerals, in particular diatomite. In this case, the patent also mentions the possibility of additional use of boric acid additives (US 5576007, 11/19/1996).

Also known is an insecticide containing abrasive particles of crushed rock containing diatomite having a porous structure, characterized in that the powder particles are obtained by impact grinding, and the powder has a specific surface area of at least 12000 cm ² /g (RU 2 653 368 C1, 08.05.2018 ).

Known insecticidal composition containing a powder of a porous mineral and boric acid, characterized in that as a porous mineral used uncoated diatomite powder, the composition contains components in the following ratio, wt.%: diatomite powder - 10-90, boric acid powder - 10-90, and the powders have a particle size of 1 to 200 microns (RU 704 443 C1, 10/28/2019).

Information about the effectiveness of preparations based on diatomite powder is contradictory. The disadvantage of the known insecticidal compositions is the insufficient effectiveness of pest control due to either the small specific surface of the known powder, which determines its absorbent (sorption) capacity, which reduces the working surface of a unit volume of the powder, leads to a greater consumption of the insecticide and worsens the attachment of particles to the insect, or due to weak abrasive properties of the particles of the initial components of the compositions in violation of the epicuticle of insects, which depend on the method of grinding the material and its origin.

The technical problem is the lack of efficiency of known powders, as well as their relatively high cost.

The technical result of the claimed group of inventions is to increase efficiency by improving the disinfestation properties of powders, as well as to reduce their cost.

The technical result is obtained by two versions of the pest control powder, the first of which is characterized by the fact that it consists of a mechanical mixture of quartz flour and hydrophilic silicon dioxide, while the composition contains components in the following ratio, wt. %:

quartz flour - from 10 to 90,

hydrophilic silicon dioxide - from 10 to 90,

moreover, the particle size of the powder is from 0.5 to 50 microns.

The second version of the pest control powder is characterized by the fact that it consists of a mechanical mixture of quartz flour, hydrophilic silicon dioxide and boric acid powder, while the composition contains components in the following ratio, wt. %:

quartz flour - from 9 to 90,

hydrophilic silicon dioxide - from 9 to 90,

boric acid powder - the rest,

moreover, the particle size of the powder is from 0.5 to 50 microns.

The proposed options for the compositions of pest control powders are developed on the basis of a mixture of silica powders with an abrasive effect, where the main component of the composition is mineral raw materials (quartz flour) of geological origin, and not diatomite flour of biological origin, as in most known compositions, as well as hydrophilic silicon dioxide.

Quartz flour or powdered quartz is produced by grinding chemically pure, natural quartz sand to a finely dispersed state and complies with GOST 9077-82. The technology used for the production of quartz flour guarantees the stability of the chemical composition during grinding and makes it possible to obtain a constant granulometric composition of quartz flour. Crushed quartz flour is represented by rounded particles with uneven, broken edges and differs from other mineral fillers in hardness, abrasive and chemical resistance. The structure of the particles of quartz flour and their abrasive properties make it possible to achieve effective damage to the epicuticle of insects, which, in combination with hydrophilic silicon dioxide powder, leads to a rapid loss of moisture, as a result of which the insect dies from dehydration. Quartz flour and hydrophilic silicon dioxide are agents that enhance each other's action due to high abrasive properties, which makes it possible to provide a synergistic effect from their interaction. In addition, quartz sand has a relatively low cost in comparison, for example, with diatomite.

The pest control powder according to the first variant is made by mixing quartz flour with a hydrophilic silicon dioxide powder, consisting of 99% amorphous silicon dioxide with a particle size corresponding to the particle size of quartz flour.

The second version of the pest control powder additionally contains boric acid powder, which enhances the insecticidal effect of the composition.

The variants of powders obtained in this way are highly abrasive compositions that do not contain toxic substances and are safe for the environment, animals and humans. The powder particles scratch and absorb the waxy coating of insect cuticles. The wax layer turns into a "molecular sieve" through which water evaporates and the insect dies from drying out.

The achievement of the claimed technical result is confirmed by the test results. The experiments were carried out on red cockroaches and bed bugs. When selecting insects for the experiment, the method of random sampling was followed. The experiments were repeated three times.

Performance indicators according to GOST R 59074-2020 p. 5.2: death of bed bugs after 24 hours 50%; the death of red cockroaches in the presence of a drinker with water on the 5th day is 50%, in the absence of a drinker with water on the 2nd day 80%.

Samples were prepared from a mixture of powders of quartz flour and hydrophilic silicon dioxide, as well as samples containing 100% diatomite powder from the Inza deposit, 100% powder of quartz flour, 100% hydrophilic silicon dioxide. All samples were applied at the same flow rate of 20 mg/m2.

The insecticidal compositions for cockroaches were evaluated in 50×30×15 cm containers with a perforated lid. A drinking bowl with water and food (dry bread) were placed in the corner of the container, 20 individuals of cockroaches (females, males in a ratio of 1:1) were kept for 24 hours for insects to get used to the landfill in containers. At the bottom of the container a thin layer of powder was poured at a rate of 20 g/m ² .

The experiments were carried out at a temperature of 22-24°C and a relative air humidity of more than 60%.

The effectiveness of the powders against the sensitive insect race of the red cockroach Blattella germanica is shown in Table 1.

In the presence of a drinker with water, sample No. 6 was the most active, causing 100% death of insects after 84 hours from the start of the experiment. Samples No. 5, 8, 9 acted a little slower: 100% death of insects occurred on the fourth or fifth day.

Red cockroaches were quite sensitive to the effects of the claimed compositions. The most sensitive were males, the death of females occurred later. When using 100% quartz flour in the presence of a drinker with water, the effect was not manifested during the entire observation period (5 days). The use of 100% diatomite powder is ineffective, since 50% of cockroaches did not die on the 5th day.

The acute effect on bedbugs was determined by planting adults of bedbugs in exposure meters with a diameter of 4 cm, mounted on a test surface made of plywood treated with the agent at a consumption rate of 2 mg/cm ² (20 g/m ² ). Accounts were taken after 1, 2, 3 days.

The insecticidal activity of powders of natural origin against bed bugs C. lectularius at a rate of 20 g/m ² is shown in Table 2.

As a result of the experiments, it was found that the claimed compositions are effective against bed bugs, since the death of insects in all variants of the samples was 100% on the 1st day of observation.

In order to achieve the greatest efficiency in relation to synanthropic cockroaches, crickets and ants, it is possible to introduce an additive of boric acid into the claimed composition. Boric acid powder for the claimed composition can be prepared by any method known to the person skilled in the art. The boric acid particles can also have sizes up to 200 µm, with the most preferred particle size being 0.5-50 µm, which allows good retention of the particles on the surface of insect antennae and paws and their penetration into the body orally.

To prepare the composition, the powders are subjected to mechanical mixing using any device known to the person skilled in the art.

When using the composition, the mixture of powders is scattered over the surfaces in the room at a flow rate of about 20 mg/m ² . After several days after the death of all insects, the composition can be removed from the surfaces.

The effectiveness of the composition with the addition of boric acid against the susceptible insect race of the red cockroach Blattella germanica is shown in Table 3.

In the presence of a drinking bowl with water. Sample No. 3 turned out to be the most effective, as it caused the death of insects already on the third day. The remaining samples, when taken into account on the 4th day, showed 100% efficiency, with the exception of sample No. 1 (100% boric acid).

While the composition has been shown to work on cockroaches, one of skill in the art will appreciate that it will be effective against other insects as well, since the mechanism of action on their outer cover will be the same. In particular, the described compositions are promising for controlling silverfish and ants and many other insect species.

Table 1

Sample Experience variant Gender of insects Accounting for the death of insects (%) after ... hours 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 one. 100% silica flour With water ♂ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ♀ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Average 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2. 100% diatomite With water ♂ 0 0 0 0 0 5 eighteen 25 26 45 ♀ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ten 13 twenty 33 Average 0 0 0 0 0 2.5 fourteen 19 23 39 3. 85% diatomite
15% hydrophilic silica With water ♂ 0 0 0 5 eight 35 40 75 79 88 ♀ 0 0 0 3 5 21 22 38 55 69 Average 0 0 0 four 6.5 28 31 56.5 67 78.5 four. 100% hydrophilic dioxide
silicon With water ♂ 0 0 5 13 25 fifty 76 89 95 98 ♀ 0 0 0 5 eighteen 56 72 82 90 95 Average 0 0 2.5 9 21.5 53 74 85.5 92.5 96.5 5. 90% silica flour
10% hydrophilic silica With water ♂ 0 0 0 3 16 35 54 85 100 - ♀ 0 0 0 0 eight fifteen 35 79 90 100 Average 0 0 0 1.5 12 25 44.5 82 95 100 6. 70% quartz flour
30% hydrophilic silica With water ♂ 0 13 33 fifty 85 98 100 - - - ♀ 0 6 46 75 100 - - - - - Average 0 8.5 40 64 93 99 100 - - - 7. 50% silica flour
50% hydrophilic silica With water ♂ 0 0 four fifteen 29 58 68 87 98 100 ♀ 0 0 0 four fifteen 41 65 75 89 98 Average 0 0 2 9.5 22 49.5 66.5 76 93.5 95.5 eight. 30% silica flour
70% hydrophilic silica With water ♂ 0 0 0 0 12 23 69 89 100 - ♀ 0 0 0 0 fifteen 29 57 77 97 100 Average 0 0 0 0 13.5 26 63 83 98.5 100 9. 10% silica flour
90% hydrophilic silica With water ♂ 0 0 0 fifteen 21 48 76 95 100 - ♀ 0 0 0 eight eleven 32 56 79 96 100 Average 0 0 0 11.5 16 40 66 87 98 100

table 2

Sample Accounting for death after … days, % one 2 3 one. 100% diatom powder (Inzenskoe
field) 40 80 100 2. 85% diatomite
15% hydrophilic silica - 100 3. 100% hydrophilic silica 100 four. 100% quartz flour (Arkhangelsk) 100 5. 90% silica flour
10% hydrophilic silica 100 6. 70% quartz flour
30% hydrophilic silica 100 7. 50% silica flour
50% hydrophilic silica 100 eight. 30% silica flour
70% hydrophilic silica 100 9. 10% silica flour
90% hydrophilic silica 100

Table 3

Sample Experience variant Gender of insects Accounting for the death of insects (%) after ... hours 3 6 12 24 36 48 60 72 96 one. 100% boric acid With water ♂ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ♀ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Average 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2. 60% silica flour
10% hydrophilic silica
30% boric acid With water ♂ 0 0 0 fifteen 43 76 95 97 100 ♀ 0 0 0 eleven fifty 60 80 88 100 Average 0 0 0 13 46.5 68 87.5 92.5 100 3. 40% silica flour
30% hydrophilic silica
30% boric acid With water ♂ 0 fifteen 29 thirty 47 89 100 ♀ 0 3 eighteen 41 58 78 100 Average 0 9 23.5 35.5 52.5 83.5 100 four. 20% silica flour
50% hydrophilic silica
30% boric acid With water ♂ 0 3 ten twenty 33 fifty 85 90 100 ♀ 0 - 5 fourteen 46 75 100 - Average 0 1.5 7.5 17 40 64 93 95 100 5. 10% silica flour
60% hydrophilic silica
30% boric acid With water ♂ 0 5 fifteen twenty 22 60 95 98 100 ♀ 0 - ten fourteen twenty 53 87 90 100 Average 0 2.5 12.5 17 24 56.5 91 94 100

Claims (6)

1. Disinsection powder, characterized in that it consists of a mechanical mixture of quartz flour and hydrophilic silicon dioxide, while the composition contains components in the following ratio, wt.%: quartz flour from 10 to 90 hydrophilic silica from 10 to 90, moreover, the particle size of the powder is from 0.5 to 50 microns. 2. Disinsection powder, characterized in that it consists of a mechanical mixture of quartz flour, hydrophilic silicon dioxide and boric acid powder, while the composition contains components in the following ratio, wt.%: quartz flour 9 to 90 hydrophilic silica 9 to 90 boric acid powder rest, moreover, the particle size of the powder is from 0.5 to 50 microns.

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