RU2782985C1 - Acoustic output device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acoustics.

SUBSTANCE: acoustic output device contains at least one low-frequency acoustic exciter made with the possibility of output of sounds from at least two first sound directing holes; at least one high-frequency acoustic exciter made with the possibility of output of sounds from at least two second sound directing holes; and a support component made with the possibility of support of the specified at least one high-frequency acoustic exciter and the specified at least one low-frequency acoustic exciter and provision of that the specified at least two first sound directing holes and the specified at least two second sound directing holes are located at a distance from the user’s ear. The ratio of amplitudes of sounds output from the specified at least two first sound directing holes is the first amplitude ratio, and the ratio of amplitudes of sounds output from the specified at least two second sound directing holes is the second amplitude ratio, wherein the first amplitude ratio is greater than the second amplitude ratio.

EFFECT: increase in volume of listening by a user and reduction in sound leak.

9 cl, 16 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The present disclosure relates to the field of acoustics, in particular, relates to an acoustic output device.

State of the art

An open binaural acoustic output device is a portable audio device that facilitates sound conduction within a user's specific range. Compared with traditional in-ear headphones and headphones, the open binaural acoustic output device can have the characteristics of non-overlapping and closing the ear canal, allowing users to receive the sound information existing in the environment while listening to music, which ensures safety and comfort. . Through the use of an open structure, sound leakage in an open binaural acoustic output device can be greater than in traditional headphones. It is now common practice in the industry to use two or more sound sources to build a specific sound field and adjust the sound pressure distribution to reduce sound leakage. Although this method can achieve a sound leakage reduction effect to a certain extent, it still has certain limitations. For example, when suppressing sound leakage, this method also reduces the volume of the sound sent to the user. In addition, since the wavelength of sounds with different frequencies is different, the method has a weak suppression effect for high-frequency leakage.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide an acoustic output device to increase the listening volume of the user and reduce leakage.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

One embodiment of the present disclosure is an acoustic output device. The acoustic output device comprises at least one low frequency acoustic driver that outputs sounds from at least two sound guide holes; at least one high frequency acoustic driver that outputs sounds from at least two sound guide holes; and a support component configured to support at least one high frequency acoustic driver and at least one low frequency acoustic driver and ensure that said at least two first sound guide holes and said at least two second sound guide holes are away from the location of the user's ear.

In some embodiments, the sounds output from the low frequency acoustic driver are in the first frequency range, the sounds output from the high frequency acoustic driver are in the second frequency range, the second frequency range may include higher frequencies than the first frequency range.

In some embodiments, the first frequency range includes frequencies below 650 Hz and the second frequency range includes frequencies above 1000 Hz.

In some embodiments, the first frequency band and the second frequency band overlap.

In some embodiments, the at least two first sonic guide holes and the at least two second sonic guide holes are located on the support component.

In some embodiments, the amplitude ratio of sounds output from said at least two first sonic guide holes may be a first amplitude ratio, and the amplitude ratio of sounds output from said at least two second sonic guide holes may be a second amplitude ratio. The first amplitude ratio may be greater than the second amplitude ratio.

In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio and the second amplitude ratio may be in the range of 1-1.5.

In some embodiments, the first acoustic path of said at least one low frequency acoustic driver to said at least two first sound guide holes comprises an acoustic resistive material. The acoustic resistive material has an acoustic impedance and influences the first amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the second acoustic path from said at least one high frequency acoustic driver to said at least two second sound guide holes comprises an acoustic resistive material. The acoustic resistive material has an acoustic impedance and influences the second amplitude ratio.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the specified at least one low-frequency acoustic driver may be located in the first socket, which forms the first front chamber and the first rear chamber of the specified at least one low-frequency acoustic driver. The first front chamber of at least one low-frequency acoustic exciter may be acoustically connected to one of the at least two first sound guide holes. The first rear chamber of said at least one low-frequency acoustic exciter may be acoustically coupled to another of said at least two first sound guide holes.

In some embodiments, said at least one high frequency acoustic driver may be located in a second socket that defines a second anterior chamber and a second rear chamber of said at least one high frequency acoustic driver. The second front chamber of said at least one high frequency acoustic exciter may be acoustically coupled to one of said at least two second sound guide holes. The second rear chamber of said at least one high frequency acoustic driver may be acoustically coupled to another of said at least two second sound guide holes.

In some embodiments, the first anterior chamber and the first posterior chamber of the at least one low frequency acoustic driver have different acoustic impedances, and the second anterior chamber and the second posterior chamber of the at least one high frequency acoustic driver have different acoustic impedances.

In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance ratio of the first anterior chamber and the first rear chamber of said at least one low frequency acoustic driver may be greater than the acoustic impedance ratio of the second anterior chamber and the second rear chamber of said at least one high frequency acoustic driver.

In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance ratio of the first anterior chamber and the first rear chamber of the at least one low frequency acoustic driver may be in the range of 0.8-1.2.

In some embodiments, the first acoustic path may include at least one of the following: a sonic guide tube, a sonic cavity, a resonant cavity, a sonic hole, a sonic slot, or a tuning network.

In some embodiments, the diameter of the sonic guide tube corresponding to the first acoustic path may be at least 1.5 mm.

In some embodiments, the diameter of the sonic guide tube corresponding to the first acoustic path may be no greater than 10 mm.

In some embodiments, the length of the sonic guide tube in the acoustic output device may be no greater than 100 mm.

In some embodiments, the phase difference of sounds output from said at least two first sonic guide holes may be a first phase difference, and the phase difference of sounds output from said at least two second sonic guide holes may be a second phase difference. The absolute value of the first phase difference may be less than the absolute value of the second phase difference.

In some embodiments, the absolute value of the first phase difference is in the range of 160-180 degrees, and the absolute value of the second phase difference is in the range of 170-180 degrees.

In some embodiments, said at least one low frequency acoustic driver outputs sounds from said at least two second sound guide holes based on different sound paths, and said at least one high frequency acoustic driver outputs sounds from said at least two second sound guide holes. based on different sound paths.

In some embodiments, the ratio of sound paths of said at least one low frequency acoustic driver acoustically coupled to said at least two first sound guide holes is in the range of 0.5-2.

In some embodiments, said at least two first sonic guide holes are of different sizes or shapes.

In some embodiments, the implementation of these at least two second sound guide holes have different sizes or shapes.

Brief description of the drawings

The present disclosure is further illustrated by exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These examples do not create restrictions. In these drawings, the same number indicates the same construction, in which:

fig. 1 is an exemplary point-to-point sound source according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 - variants of listening and leakage sounds of a two-point sound source with a certain distance and a single-point sound source with a frequency corresponding to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 3A is a graph showing listening and leakage sound variants of a point-to-point sound source with an amplitude ratio of point-to-point sound sources corresponding to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 3B is a graph showing listening and leakage sound variants of a point-to-point sound source with a phase difference between two sound source points of a point-to-point sound source according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 - two point-to-point sound sources corresponding to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 6A and 6B are graphs showing variations in sonic guide tube parameters for various audio frequencies corresponding to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a graph of changes in sound output versus length and diameter of the sonic guide tube, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a plot of changes in sound pressure of sound output from a sonic guide tube of various lengths, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 - two point-to-point sound sources corresponding to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 10A-10D are exemplary graphs of leakage sounds from an acoustic output device with two point-to-point sound sources according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

fig. 11 is a mobile phone with a plurality of audio guide holes according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Implementation of the invention

To illustrate the technical solutions associated with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings referred to in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only examples or embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can apply the present disclosure to other similar scenarios corresponding to these drawings without much creative effort. Unless otherwise expressly follows from the context shown here, or from the context otherwise presented, the same reference numeral in the drawings corresponds to the same construction or operation.

It should be understood that the terms "system", "device", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein are one way of distinguishing various components, elements, parts, sections or assemblies of various levels in ascending order. However, if the same goal can be achieved with other words, these words can be replaced by other expressions.

As used in the present disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms contain the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprise" and "include" are simply meant to include steps and elements that have been explicitly identified, and these steps and elements do not form an exclusive list. The methods or devices may also contain other steps or elements.

The flowcharts used in this disclosure show the operations that systems implement in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the above or subsequent operations may not be performed exactly in the order shown. Instead, the steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. In addition, other steps may be added to these procedures, or one or more steps may be removed from these procedures.

The present disclosure provides an acoustic output device. When the user puts on the acoustic output device, the acoustic output device may be located on at least one side of the user's head, close to but not obstructing the ear. The acoustic output device may be worn on the user's head (e.g., over-the-ear headphones, worn with glasses, a headband, or other constructive device) or worn on other parts of the body (such as the user's neck/shoulder area) or near the ears user in other ways (those in which the user can pin them). The acoustic output device may comprise at least two groups of acoustic drivers, including at least one group of high frequency acoustic drivers and one group of low frequency acoustic drivers. Each group of acoustic drivers can be used to generate sound in a certain frequency range and the sound can be transmitted outwards through at least two sound guide holes associated with them.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an exemplary point-to-point sound source in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. To further explain the effect of setting sound guide holes on an acoustic output device on the acoustic output effect of an acoustic output device, and considering that sound can be considered as propagating outward from sound guide holes, the present disclosure may describe sound guide holes on an acoustic output device as sources of sound for sound output.

For convenience of description and illustration purposes only, when the dimensions of the sound guide holes on an acoustic output device are small, each sound guide hole can be roughly considered as a point source of sound. In some embodiments, any sound guide hole provided in an acoustic output device for sound output may be roughly considered as a single sound point source on the acoustic output device. The pressure p of the sound field formed by a single point sound source can satisfy equation (1):

, … (1)

, … (one)

where ω is the angular frequency, ρ0 is the air density, r is the distance between the target point and the sound source, Q0 is the volumetric velocity of the sound source, and k is the wave number. It can be concluded that the magnitude of the sound field pressure for the sound field of a point sound source is inversely proportional to the distance to the point sound source.

It should be noted that sound guide holes for outputting sound as a point sound source can only serve as an explanation of the principle and result of the present disclosure, and cannot serve to limit the shape and size of the sound guide hole in practical applications. In some embodiments, if the area of the sonic guide hole is large, the sonic guide hole may also be equivalent to a planar acoustic source. In some embodiments, the implementation of the point sound source may also be implemented in other structures, such as a vibrating source and a sound emitting source. Those skilled in the art, without any creative effort, may be aware that sounds generated by structures such as sound guide holes, vibration sources, and acoustic radiant sources can be equivalent to point sound sources on the spatial scale discussed in this disclosure, and may have compatible sound propagation characteristics and the same mathematical description. Additionally, it may be known to those skilled in the art without any creative effort that the acoustic effect achieved by "an acoustic driver outputs sound from at least the first two sound guide holes" as described in this disclosure may also be achieved by other acoustic designs, for example, "at least two acoustic drivers, each of which outputs sound from at least one acoustic emitting surface". According to actual situations, other acoustic designs can be chosen for regulation and combination, and the same acoustic output can also be achieved. The principle of sound emission to the outside by structures such as surface sound sources may be similar to the principle of emission by point sound sources and is not described again here.

As mentioned above, at least two sound guide holes corresponding to the same acoustic driver can be installed on the acoustic output device presented in the description. In this case, two point sound sources (also referred to as a two-point sound source) can be formed, which can reduce the sound transmitted to the environment. For convenience, sound escaping from an acoustic output device into the environment may be referred to as far-field leakage since it may be heard by others in the environment. Sound exiting the acoustic output device into the ears of the user wearing the acoustic output device may also be referred to as near field sound, since the distance between the acoustic output device and the user may be relatively small. In some embodiments, sounds output from two sound guide holes (ie, a point-to-point sound source) have a certain phase difference. It should be noted that the phase difference between two sounds coming out of two sound guide holes may be referred to in the present disclosure as a phase difference between two point sources corresponding to two sound guide holes, or a two-point sound source phase difference. When the position, amplitude, and phase difference of the two point sound sources satisfies certain conditions, the acoustic output device can produce different sound effects in the near field (eg, at the location of the user's ear) and in the far field. For example, if the phases of the sound point sources corresponding to the two sound guide holes are opposite, that is, the absolute value of the phase difference between the two sound point sources can be 180 degrees, the far-field leakage can be reduced in accordance with the anti-phase signal suppression principle.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sound pressure p in the sound field generated by a two-point sound source can satisfy the following equation (2):

, … (2)

, … (2)

where A1 and A2 are the intensities of the two point sound sources, ϕ1 and ϕ2 are the phases of the two point sound sources, d is the distance between the two point sound sources, and r1 and r2 can satisfy equation (3):

, … (3)

, … (3)

where r means the distance between any target point and the center of the two-point sound source in space, and θ means the angle between the line connecting the target point and the center of the two-point sound source and another line on which the two-point sound source can be located.

According to equation (3), the sound pressure p at a target point in the sound field may refer to the intensity of each point sound source, the distance d, the phases of the two point sound sources, and the distances to the two point sound sources.

A point-to-point sound source with different output effects can be formed by different settings of the sound guide holes. In this case, the sound volume in the near field will be increased and leakage into the far field can be reduced. For example, the acoustic driver may comprise a vibrating diaphragm. When vibrating the vibrating diaphragm, sounds can be transmitted from the front and rear sides of the vibrating diaphragm, respectively. The front side of the vibrating diaphragm in the acoustic output device may be provided with a front chamber for transmitted sound. The anterior chamber can be connected to the sound guide hole acoustically. The sound transmitted from the front side of the vibrating diaphragm can be transmitted to the sound guide hole through the front chamber and further transmitted to the outside. The rear side of the vibrating diaphragm in the acoustic output device may be provided with a rear chamber for transmitted sound. The rear chamber may be acoustically coupled to another sound port, and sound transmitted from the rear side of the vibrating diaphragm may be transmitted to the sound port through the rear chamber and propagated further outward. It should be noted that when the vibrating diaphragm vibrates, the front side and the rear side of the vibrating diaphragm can produce sound in opposite phases, respectively. In some embodiments, the front chamber and rear chamber structures may be specifically set so that the sound output from the acoustic driver in the various sound guide holes can satisfy certain conditions. For example, the lengths of the first chamber and the second chamber may be specially designed such that sound with a certain phase relationship (eg, opposite phases) can be output through the two sound guide holes. As a result, the problems that the acoustic output device has a low volume in the near field and sound leakage in the far field can be effectively solved.

In FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the listening and leakage of sounds of a two-point sound source with a certain distance and a single-point sound source with a frequency corresponding to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Under certain conditions, compared to a single-point sound source, the volume of the leakage sound in the far field of a two-point sound source may increase with increasing frequency. In other words, the leakage capability of a point-to-point far-field sound source may decrease with increasing frequency. For further description, the far-field leakage curve with frequency change may be described with reference to FIG. 2.

The distance between two point sound sources in FIG. 2 can be fixed and two point sound sources can have the same amplitude and opposite phases. The dotted line may indicate the loudness curve of a single point sound source at different frequencies. The solid line may indicate the loudness curve of the leakage sound of a two-point source at various frequencies. The abscissa on the diagram may represent the frequency (f) of the sound and the unit may be Hertz (Hz). The ordinate on the diagram can use the normalization parameter α to estimate the loudness of the leak sound. The equation for calculating the parameter α can be as follows:

, … (4)

, … (four)

where P _far means the sound pressure of the acoustic output device in the far field (ie, the sound pressure of sound leakage in the far field). P _ear means the sound pressure around the user's ears (that is, the sound pressure in the near field). The larger the value of α, the greater the far-field leakage may be relative to the near-field audio being heard, indicating that the ability of the acoustic output device to reduce far-field leakage may be degraded.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the frequency is lower than 6000 Hz, the far-field leakage caused by a two-point sound source may be smaller than the far-field leakage caused by a single point sound source, and may increase as the frequency increases. When the frequency is close to 10,000 Hz (eg, approximately 8,000 Hz or higher), the far-field leakage caused by a two-point sound source may be larger than the far-field leakage caused by a single point sound source. In some embodiments, the frequency corresponding to the intersection of the change curves of the two-point sound source and the single point sound source may be determined as the upper limit frequency up to which the dual-point sound source can reduce leakage.

According to FIG. 2, the crossover point can be determined by the trend of the two-point sound source's ability to reduce sound leakage. The parameters of the point-to-point sound source can be adjusted according to the crossover point to reduce the sound leakage of the acoustic output device. For example, the frequency corresponding to the parameter α of a specific value (eg, -60dB, -70dB, -80dB, -90dB, etc.) can be used as the crossover point. Point-to-point sound source parameters can be determined by setting the bandwidth below the crossover point to improve near-field sound, and by setting the bandwidth above the crossover point to reduce far-field sound leakage. For illustration, the frequency of 1000 Hz, corresponding to the parameter α with a value of -80 dB, can be used as the crossover point. When the frequency is relatively small (for example, in the range of 100 Hz to 1000 Hz), the sound leakage reduction ability of the two-point sound source may be relatively strong (that is, the value of α may be small, less than -80 dB). In such a frequency band, an increase in the loudness of the audible sound can be defined as an optimization goal. When the frequency is relatively high (for example, in the range of 1000 Hz to 8000 Hz), the sound leakage reduction capability of the two-point sound source may be relatively weak (that is, the value of α may be large, above -80 dB). In such a frequency band, the reduction of sound leakage can be defined as an optimization goal.

In some embodiments, a high frequency band with relatively high audio frequencies (e.g., sound output from a high frequency acoustic driver) and a low frequency band with relatively low audio frequencies (e.g., sound output from a low frequency acoustic driver) may be determined based on the crossover point. . As used herein, the term "low band" in embodiments of the present disclosure refers to a first frequency band with relatively low frequencies, and the term "high band" refers to a second frequency band with relatively high frequencies. The first frequency band and the second frequency band may or may not contain overlapping frequency bands. The second frequency range may include frequencies higher than the first frequency range. Just by way of example, the first frequency band may contain frequencies below the first frequency threshold, and the second frequency band may contain frequencies above the second frequency threshold. The first frequency threshold may be less than, equal to, or greater than the second frequency threshold. For example, the first frequency threshold may be lower than the second frequency threshold (eg, the first frequency threshold may be 600 Hz and the second frequency band may be 700 Hz), indicating no overlap between the first frequency band and the second frequency band. As another example, the first frequency threshold may be equal to the second frequency threshold (eg, the first frequency threshold and the second frequency threshold may be 650 Hz or other arbitrary frequencies). As a further example, the first frequency threshold may be greater than the second frequency threshold, indicating an overlap between the first frequency band and the second frequency band. In such cases, the difference between the first frequency threshold and the second frequency threshold may not exceed the third frequency threshold. The third frequency threshold may have a constant value (eg, 20 Hz, 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 150 Hz, 200 Hz), or may be a value associated with the first frequency threshold and/or the second frequency threshold (eg, 5%, 10% , 15%, etc. of the first frequency threshold), or a value flexibly set by the user according to the actual scene, which is not limited here. It should be noted that the first frequency threshold and the second frequency threshold can be set flexibly according to different situations, which is not limited here.

As described above, the crossover point may be a signal frequency that distinguishes the first frequency band from the second frequency band. For example, when there is an overlapping frequency range between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, the crossover point may be a feature point in the overlapping frequency band (e.g., a low-frequency boundary point, a high-frequency boundary point, or a center frequency point, etc. of the overlapping frequency band) . In some embodiments, the crossover point may be determined according to the relationship between frequency and audio leakage of an acoustic output device. For example, assuming that the leaky sound of an acoustic output device changes with frequency, a frequency point corresponding to the loudness of the leaky sound that satisfies a certain condition may be assigned as a crossover point, such as 1000 Hz in FIG. 2. In some alternative embodiments, the user may directly designate a specific frequency as the crossover point. For example, assuming that the human ear can hear the audio frequency range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz, the user may select a frequency point in the range as the frequency split point. For example, the crossover point may be 600 Hz, 800 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1200 Hz, etc. In some embodiments, the crossover point may be determined according to the characteristics of the acoustic driver. For example, assuming that the low frequency acoustic exciter and the high frequency acoustic exciter have different frequency response curves, the crossover point can be determined from a frequency range that is higher than 1/2 the upper cutoff frequency of the low frequency acoustic exciter and 2 times lower than the lower cutoff frequency of the high frequency acoustic exciter.

In some embodiments, the method for measuring and calculating sound leakage may be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, the average value of the sound pressure amplitude of a plurality of points on a spherical surface with a radius of 40 cm with a two-point sound source at the center can be defined as the sound leakage value. As another example, the center of a two-point sound source can be used as the center of the circle, and the sound pressure amplitude uniformly selected according to a certain spatial angle in the far field can be averaged, and the average value can be taken as the sound leakage value. These measurement and calculation methods may be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual devices and are not intended to be limiting.

In accordance with FIG. 2, it can be concluded that in the high frequency band (the higher frequency band defined according to the crossover point), the double point sound source may have a weak sound leakage reduction capability, and in the low frequency band (the lower frequency band defined by crossover point), dual point sound source can have a strong ability to reduce sound leakage. At a certain audio frequency, amplitude, phase difference, etc. two point sources of sound may be different, the ability of two point sources of sound to reduce sound leakage may be different, and the difference between the volume of the sound heard and the volume of the sound of leakage may also be different. For a better description, the far-field leakage curve as a function of the distance between two point sound sources can be described with reference to FIG. 3A and 3B.

In some embodiments, the listening sound and the leakage sound produced by the dual point sound source may be related to the amplitudes of the two point sound sources of the dual point sound source. In FIG. 3A is a graph explaining the changes in the listening sound and the leakage sound of a dual point sound source with an amplitude ratio of the two point sound sources in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Amplitude ratio, as the term is used here, refers to the ratio of a larger amplitude to a smaller one for sounds output from two point sound sources. It should be noted that the ratio of the amplitudes of two sounds output from two sonic guide holes in the present disclosure can also be considered as the ratio of the amplitudes of two sonic guide holes, or as the ratio of the amplitudes of two point sources corresponding to the two sonic guide holes, or as the ratio of the amplitudes of a two-point sound source. As shown in FIG. 3A, the solid line represents the change curve of the near-field listening sound of the two-point sound source by amplitude, and the dotted line represents the change curve of the far-field leakage sound of the two-point sound source by amplitude. The abscissa represents the amplitude ratio between two point sources of sound, and the ordinate represents the loudness of the sound. To better represent the relative changes in the heard sound and the leak sound, the listened sound loudness can be normalized based on the leak sound loudness, i.e., the ordinate reflects the ratio of the actual sound loudness to the leak sound loudness (i.e., |P | / | P _far |) .

In accordance with FIG. 3A, the listening sound and the leakage sound of the point-to-point sound source may have a specific frequency. At a particular frequency, when the amplitude ratio between two point sound sources increases within a certain range, the increase in the volume of the listening sound of the two-point sound source may be significantly greater than the increase in the volume of the leak sound. As shown in FIG. 3A, when the amplitude ratio A2/A1 between two point sound sources is changed between 1-1.5, the increase in the volume of the listening sound may obviously be larger than the increase in the volume of the leak sound. That is, in such cases, the larger the amplitude ratio between the two point sound sources, the easier it is for the two-point sound source to produce a higher listening sound volume in the near field and to reduce the leakage sound volume in the far field. In some embodiments, as the amplitude ratio between two point sound sources increases further, the slope of the normalized listening sound loudness curve gradually tends to 0 and the normalized listening sound loudness curve gradually tends to become parallel to the normalized loudness curve of the leak sound, indicating that increasing the volume of the listening sound is essentially the same as increasing the volume of the leak sound. As shown in FIG. 3A, when the amplitude ratio A2/A1 between the point-to-point sound sources changes within more than 2, the increase in the loudness of the heard sound can be substantially the same as the increase in the volume of the leak sound.

In some embodiments, to ensure that a point-to-point sound source can produce a larger near-field listening sound and a lower far-field leakage sound, the amplitude ratio between the two point sound sources may be set between 1-5. In some embodiments, the ratio between two point sound sources can be set between 1-4.5. In some embodiments, the amplitude ratio between two point sound sources may be set to between 1-4. In some embodiments, the amplitude ratio between two point sound sources can be set to between 1-3.5. In some embodiments, the amplitude ratio between two point sound sources can be set to between 1-3. In some embodiments, the amplitude ratio between two point sound sources may be set to between 1-2. In some embodiments, the amplitude ratio between two point sound sources can be set to between 1-1.5.

In some embodiments, the listening sound and the leakage sound generated by the two point sound source may be related to the phases of the two point sound sources. In FIG. 3B is a graph explaining changes in listening sound and leakage sound of a point-to-point sound source with a phase difference between two point sound sources of a point-to-point sound source according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Like FIG. 3A as shown in FIG. 3B, the solid line represents the near-field listening sound change curve of the two-point phase difference sound source, and the dotted line represents the far-field leakage sound change curve of the two-point phase difference sound source. The abscissa represents the phase difference between two point sources of sound, and the ordinate represents the loudness of the sound. To better represent the relative changes in the heard sound and the leak sound, the listened sound loudness can be normalized based on the leak sound loudness, i.e., the ordinate reflects the ratio of the actual sound loudness to the leak sound loudness (i.e., |P | / | P _far |) .

In accordance with FIG. 3B, the listening sound and the leakage sound of the point-to-point sound source may have a specific frequency. At a particular frequency, as the phase difference between the two point sound sources changes, the normalized curve corresponding to the listening volume of the two-point sound source may form a peak. As shown in FIG. 3B, the absolute value of the phase difference between two point sound sources corresponding to a peak may be approximately 170 degrees. At the peak, the point-to-point sound source has the highest normalized listening sound volume, which indicates that the point-to-point sound source can produce a larger listening sound volume while maintaining the leak sound volume unchanged, or the point-to-point sound source can produce a smaller leak sound volume while at the same time while maintaining the volume of the sound being heard.

It should be noted that at different frequencies the phase difference corresponding to the peak of the normalized loudness curve of the listened sound can be shifted or changed. In some embodiments, to ensure that within a certain range of audio frequencies (e.g., within the range of frequencies audible to the human ear), a point-to-point audio source can produce more listening audio in the near field and less audio in the far field, the absolute value phase difference between two point sound sources can be set within certain limits. In some embodiments, the absolute value of the phase difference between two point sound sources can be set between 180 degrees and 120 degrees. In some embodiments, the absolute value of the phase difference between two point sound sources can be set between 180 degrees and 140 degrees. In some embodiments, the absolute value of the phase difference between two point sound sources can be set to between 180 degrees and 150 degrees. In some embodiments, the absolute value of the phase difference between two point sound sources can be set between 180 degrees and 160 degrees.

According to the above descriptions, it can be seen that by adjusting the parameters of the point-to-point audio source by a certain means, the increase in the loudness of the near-field audio being heard can be greater than the increase in the volume of the leakage sound in the far-field. In practical applications, the amplitude and/or phase difference of the point-to-point sound source may be limited or adjusted to further improve the sound output effect of the point-to-point sound source based on the sound characteristics of the point-to-point sound source at different frequencies. For example, a high frequency point to point sound source and a low frequency point to point sound source can be set. By adjusting the amplitude ratio of the two sound sources of each point-to-point sound source in a certain way, the amplitude ratio between the two sound sources of the high-frequency point-to-point sound source can be different from the amplitude ratio between the two sound sources of the low-frequency point-to-point sound source. Specifically, assuming that a low-frequency point-to-point sound source has less sound leakage (that is, a large leakage reduction capability) and a high-frequency point-to-point sound source has a large sound leakage (that is, a weak leakage reduction capability), the amplitude ratio between the two sound sources of the low-frequency point-to-point source sound can be set larger than the amplitude ratio between the two high-frequency point-to-point sound sources in order to increase the listening volume of the low-frequency point-to-point sound source. As another example, a high frequency point to point sound source and a low frequency point to point sound source may be set. By adjusting the phase difference of the two sound sources of each point-to-point sound source in a certain way, the absolute value of the phase difference between the two sound sources of the high-frequency point-to-point sound source can be different from the absolute value of the phase difference between the two sound sources of the low-frequency point-to-point sound source. Specifically, assuming that the normalized listening sound curves corresponding to the low frequency point to point sound source and the high frequency point to point sound source are different, the absolute value of the phase difference between the two sound sources of the high frequency point to point sound source may be larger or smaller than the absolute value of the phase difference between the two sound sources. low-frequency two-point sound source.

In FIG. 4 depicts an exemplary acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 4, acoustic output device 100 may include frequency division electronics 110, acoustic driver 140, acoustic driver 150, acoustic path 145, acoustic path 155, at least two first sound guide holes 147, and at least two sound guide holes 157. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may further comprise a controller (not shown). The frequency division electronics module 110, as part of the controller, may be configured to generate electrical signals that are input to various acoustic drivers. The connection between the various components in the acoustic output device 100 may be wired or wireless. For example, frequency division electronics 110 may send signals to acoustic driver 140 and/or acoustic driver 150 via wired transmission or wireless transmission.

The frequency division electronics 110 may divide the frequency of the source signal. The source signal may come from one or more audio source devices (eg, audio data memory) integrated into the acoustic output device 100. The source signal may also be an audio signal that the acoustic output device 100 receives by wired or wireless means. In some embodiments, frequency division electronics 110 may decompose an input source signal into two or more frequency separated signals at different frequencies. For example, frequency division electronics 110 may decompose the source signal into a first frequency division signal (or frequency division signal 1) with high frequency sound and a second frequency division signal (or frequency division signal 2) with low frequency sound. For convenience, a frequency-separated signal with high-frequency sound may be referred to as a high-frequency signal, and a frequency-separated signal with low-frequency sound may simply be referred to as a low-frequency signal. The low frequency signal may refer to an audio signal with frequencies in the first frequency range. The high frequency signal may refer to an audio signal with frequencies in the second frequency range.

In some embodiments, the frequency division electronics 110 may include a frequency divider 115, a signal processor 120, and a signal processor 130. The frequency divider 115 may be used to decompose a source signal into two or more frequency divided signals containing different frequency components, for example, divided by frequency signal 1 with high frequency audio components and frequency divided signal 2 with low frequency audio components. In some embodiments, frequency divider 115 may be an electronic device capable of performing a signal decomposition function, including, but not limited to, a passive filter, an active filter, an analog filter, a digital filter, or any combination thereof.

The signal processors 120 and 130 may further process the frequency separated signals, respectively, to satisfy subsequent audio output requirements. In some embodiments, signal processor 120 or 130 may include one or more signal processing components. For example, a signal processor may include, but is not limited to, an amplifier, an amplitude modulator, a phase modulator, a delay device, or a dynamic gain controller, and the like. or any combination of them. Just by way of example, the processing of an audio signal by signal processor 120 and/or signal processor 130 may comprise adjusting the amplitude corresponding to certain frequencies in the audio signal. Specifically, in the case where the first frequency band and the second frequency band overlap, signal processors 120 and 130 may adjust the intensity of the audio signal at the corresponding frequency in the overlapping frequency range (e.g., reduce the amplitude of the signal at the corresponding frequency in the overlapping frequency range). This should help avoid excessive loudness in the overlapping frequency range on subsequent audio output caused by the overlap of multiple audio signals. In some embodiments, the processing of an audio signal by signal processor 120 and/or signal processor 130 may comprise adjusting the phase corresponding to certain frequencies in the audio signal.

After processing operations have been performed by signal processor 120 or 130, frequency separated signals may be transmitted to acoustic drivers 140 and 150, respectively. In some embodiments, the audio signal transmitted to the acoustic driver 140 may be an audio signal containing a lower frequency band (eg, the first frequency band). Therefore, acoustic driver 140 may also be referred to as a low frequency acoustic driver. The audio signal transmitted to the acoustic driver 150 may be an audio signal containing a high frequency range (eg, a second frequency range). Therefore, the acoustic driver 150 may also be referred to as a high frequency acoustic driver. The acoustic driver 140 and the acoustic driver 150 can convert sound signals into low frequency sound and high frequency sound, respectively, and then output the converted signals to the outside.

In some embodiments, acoustic driver 140 may be acoustically coupled to at least two first sound guide holes (such as two first sound guide holes 147) (e.g., connected to two first sound guide holes 147 via two acoustic paths 145, respectively). The acoustic driver 140 may then output sound through at least two first sound guide holes. Acoustic driver 150 may be acoustically coupled to at least two second sound guide holes (such as two second sound guide holes 157) (eg, connected to two second sound guide holes 157 via two acoustic paths 155, respectively). The acoustic driver 150 may then output sound through at least two second sound guide holes. In some embodiments, to reduce the far field leakage of the acoustic output device 100, the acoustic driver 140 may be used to generate low frequency sounds with equal (or approximately equal) amplitudes and opposite (or approximately opposite) phases at at least the first two sound guide holes. , respectively. Acoustic driver 150 may be used to generate high frequency sounds with equal (or approximately equal) amplitudes and opposite (or approximately opposite) phases at at least two second sound guide holes, respectively. Thus, far-field leakage of low-frequency sounds (or high-frequency sounds) can be reduced in accordance with the principle of acoustic interference cancellation. In some embodiments corresponding to FIGS. 2, fig. 3A and FIG. 3B, further considering that the wavelength of the low-frequency sound is longer than the wavelength of the high-frequency sound, and in order to reduce the interference cancellation of sound in the near field (for example, at the position of the user's ear), the parameters of the sound output from the first two sound guide holes, and the parameters of the sound output from the second two sound guide holes can be set differently. For example, assuming that there is a first amplitude ratio between the two first sonic guide holes and a second amplitude ratio between the second sonic guide holes, the first amplitude ratio may be greater than the second amplitude ratio. As another example, assuming that there is an absolute value of a first phase difference between the two first sonic guide holes and an absolute value of a second phase difference between the two second sonic guide holes, the absolute value of the first phase difference may be less than the absolute value of the second phase difference. Additional details about the parameters of the point-to-point sound source may be disclosed elsewhere in the present disclosure (such as Fig. 5 and Fig. 9 and their descriptions).

As shown in FIG. 4, acoustic driver 140 may include a transducer 143. Transducer 143 may transmit sound to first sound guides 147 via acoustic path 145. Acoustic driver 150 may include transducer 153. Transducer 153 may transmit sound to second sound trails 157 via acoustic path 155. In some embodiments, the transducer may include, but is not limited to, a gas conductive acoustic output transducer, a bone conductive acoustic output transducer, a hydroacoustic transducer, an ultrasonic transducer, and the like. or any combination of them. In some embodiments, the transducer may be of a moving coil type, an electromagnetic type, a piezoelectric type, an electrostatic type, or a magnetostrictive type, and the like. or any combination of them.

In some embodiments, acoustic drivers (such as low frequency acoustic driver 140, high frequency acoustic driver 150) may comprise transducers with different properties or parameters. For example, each low frequency acoustic driver 140 and high frequency acoustic driver 150 may comprise a transducer having different frequency responses (such as a woofer and a tweeter). As another example, low frequency acoustic driver 140 may include two transducers (such as two woofers) and high frequency acoustic driver 150 may include two transducers 153 (such as two tweeters).

In some alternative embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may generate sound at different frequency ranges by other means. For example, frequency division by a transducer, frequency division on an acoustic path, etc. When the acoustic output device 100 uses a transducer or an acoustic path for audio splitting, the frequency splitting electronics 110 (within the dotted box) may be omitted. When the acoustic output device 100 uses a transducer to perform signal frequency division, the acoustic driver 140 and the acoustic driver 150 can convert the sound source input signal into low frequency sound and high frequency sound, respectively. Specifically, through the transducer 143 (such as a subwoofer), the low frequency acoustic driver 140 can convert the source signal into low frequency sound with low frequency components. The low frequency sound may be transmitted to the at least two first sound guide holes 147 via at least two different acoustic paths. The low frequency sound can then be output to the outside through the first sound guide holes 147. Through the transducer 153 (such as a tweeter), the high frequency acoustic driver 150 can convert the source signal into high frequency sound with high frequency components. The high frequency sound may be transmitted to the at least two second sound guide holes 157 through at least two different acoustic paths. The high frequency sound can then be output to the outside through the two second sound guide holes 157.

In some alternative embodiments, the acoustic path (eg, acoustic path 145 and acoustic path 155) connecting the transducer and the sonic guide holes can influence the nature of the transmitted sound. For example, the acoustic path may attenuate the sound to some extent or change the phase of the transmitted sound. In some embodiments, the acoustic path may comprise a sonic tube, a sonic cavity, a resonant cavity, a sonic hole, a sonic slot, or a tuning network, and the like. or any combination of them. In some embodiments, the implementation of the acoustic path may also contain an acoustic resistive material having a certain acoustic impedance. For example, the acoustic impedance may be in the range of 5 µS to 500 µS Rayleigh. Acoustic resistive materials may include, but are not limited to, plastic, fabric, metal, permeable material, woven material, shielding material or honeycomb material, porous material, particulate material, polymeric material, and the like. or any combination of them. By setting the acoustic paths to different acoustic impedances, the transducer's acoustic output can be acoustically filtered so that sounds output through different acoustic paths can have different parameters (eg phase, amplitude, frequency, etc.).

In some alternative embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may use acoustic paths to perform frequency division of the signal. Specifically, the source signal can be applied to a special acoustic driver and converted into sound containing high and low frequency components. The audio signal may propagate along acoustic paths having different frequency selection characteristics. For example, the sound signal may propagate along an acoustic path with a low frequency transmission characteristic to a corresponding sound guide hole to form a low frequency sound. In this process, high frequency sound can be acoustically absorbed or attenuated by a low pass filtering characteristic. Likewise, the sound signal may propagate along a high-frequency acoustic path to a corresponding sound guide hole to form a high-frequency sound. In this process, low-frequency sound can be acoustically absorbed or attenuated by a high-frequency filtering characteristic.

The sound guide holes (for example, the first sound guide hole 147, the second sound guide hole 157) may be small holes formed on the acoustic output device with a certain opening and allowing sound to pass through. The shape of the sonic guide hole may be round, oval, square, trapezoidal, rounded rectangular, triangular, irregular, or any combination thereof. In addition, the number of sound guide holes connected to the acoustic driver 140 or 150 may not be limited to two, but may be an arbitrary value, such as three, four, six, or the like. In some embodiments, the acoustic path between the same acoustic driver and its respective different sound guide holes may be designed to suit different situations. For example, by setting the shape and/or size of the first sound guide hole 147 (or the second sound guide hole 157), or by placing a lumen or an acoustically absorbing material with a certain absorption into the acoustic path, the acoustic path between the same acoustic driver and its respective different sound guides holes can be configured to have approximately the same equivalent acoustic impedance. In this case, since the same acoustic driver outputs two groups of sounds with the same amplitude and opposite phases, the two groups of sounds can continue to have the same amplitude and opposite phase when they reach the corresponding sound guide hole through different acoustic paths. In some embodiments, the first sonic guide holes and the second sonic guide holes may have the same or different structures. For example, the number or number of first sound guide holes may be two, and the number or number of second sound guide holes may be four. As another example, the shapes of the first sonic guide holes and the second sonic guide holes may be the same or different.

In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may include a controller (not shown). The controller can cause the low frequency acoustic driver 140 to output sound in the first frequency range (ie, low frequency sound) and cause the high frequency acoustic driver 150 to output sound in the second frequency range (ie, high frequency sound). In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may also include a support structure. The support structure may be used to support an acoustic driver (such as high frequency acoustic driver 150, low frequency acoustic driver 140) so that the sound guide holes corresponding to the acoustic driver are located at a distance from the user's ear. In some embodiments, the sound guide holes, acoustically associated with the high frequency acoustic driver 150, may be located near the expected position of the user's ear (for example, near the entrance to the external auditory canal), while the sound guide holes, acoustically associated with the low frequency acoustic driver 140, may be located at a distance from the expected position. In some embodiments, the support structure may be used to package the acoustic driver. The support structure of the compact acoustic exciter may be a housing made of various materials such as plastic, metal, tape, etc. The housing may include an acoustic driver and form a front chamber and a rear chamber corresponding to the acoustic driver. The anterior chamber may be acoustically coupled to one of at least two sound guide holes. The rear chamber may be acoustically coupled to another one of at least two sound guide holes. For example, the front chamber of the low frequency acoustic driver 140 may be acoustically coupled to one of the at least two first sound guide holes 147. The rear chamber of the low frequency acoustic driver 140 may be acoustically coupled to the other one of the at least two first sound guide holes 147. the high frequency acoustic driver chamber 150 may be acoustically coupled to one of the at least two second sound guide holes 157. The rear high frequency acoustic driver chamber 150 may be acoustically coupled to another one of the at least two sound guide holes 157. guide holes (such as the first sound guide hole 147 and the second sound guide hole 157) may be located on the housing.

The above description of the acoustic output device 100 may be merely an example. Corrections and changes in structure, quantity, etc. may be made by those skilled in the art. acoustic exciter, which is not limited in this disclosure. In some embodiments, acoustic output device 100 may comprise any number of acoustic driver designs. For example, acoustic output device 100 may comprise two groups of high frequency acoustic drivers 150 and two groups of low frequency acoustic drivers 140, or one group of high frequency acoustic drivers 150 and two groups of low frequency acoustic drivers 140 and these high/low frequency drivers can be used to produce sound in a particular frequency range. . As another example, acoustic driver 140 and/or acoustic driver 150 may include an additional signal processor. The signal processor may have the same or different structural components as signal processor 120 or 130.

It should be noted that the acoustic output device and its modules shown in FIG. 4 can be implemented in various ways. For example, in some embodiments, the system and modules may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The hardware may be implemented with dedicated logic. The software may be stored in a storage device and may be executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specialized hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the aforementioned methods and systems may be implemented by computer-executable instructions and/or incorporated into processor control programs. For example, the control programs may be provided on a medium such as a disc, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable storage device such as read only memory (eg, firmware), or on a data carrier such as an optical or electrical signal carrier. The system and modules in the present disclosure may not only be implemented by hardware circuits in a programmable hardware device on an ultra-large-scale integrated circuit, a gate antenna array chip, a semiconductor such as a logic integrated circuit or a transistor, a programmable logic integrated circuit, or a programmable logic device. The system and modules in the present disclosure may also be implemented by software to be executed by different processors, and optionally also by a combination of hardware and software (eg, firmware).

It should be noted that the above description of the acoustic output device 100 and its components is for convenience of description only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that those skilled in the art, after understanding the principle of operation of the device, can arbitrarily combine blocks or form an additional structure for connection with other blocks, without deviating from these principles. For example, the signal processor 120 or 130 may be part independent of the electronic module 110 frequency division. These changes may fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

When the acoustic driver (e.g., low frequency acoustic driver 140, high frequency acoustic driver 150) outputs sounds through at least two sound guide holes (e.g., at least two first sound guide holes 147, at least two second sound guide holes 157) , the at least two sound guide holes can output sounds with the same or different sound amplitudes. For example, for the first two sound guide holes 147 outputting low frequency sounds with different sound amplitudes, when the amplitude ratio of the large amplitude low frequency sound to the smaller amplitude low frequency sound increases, as shown in FIG. 3A, the increase in near-field listening sound of an acoustic output device may be greater than the far-field leakage sound increase, which may allow sound to be output with a higher listening sound volume and a lower low-band leakage sound volume. As another example, for the two second sound guide holes 157 outputting high-frequency sounds with different sound amplitudes, when the ratio of the amplitudes for the high-frequency sound with a larger amplitude to the high-frequency sound with a smaller amplitude increases, according to FIG. 3A, an increase in the volume of the near-field listening sound of the acoustic output device to be greater than an increase in the volume of the far-field leakage sound, which may result in a higher volume of the listening sound and a lower volume of the leakage sound in the high frequency band. Therefore, through reasonable design of the frequency division electronic module, transducers, acoustic paths, or sound guide holes, the amplitude ratio of high-frequency sounds in the sound guide holes (i.e., high-frequency point-to-point sound source) corresponding to the high-frequency acoustic driver, and the amplitude ratio of low-frequency sounds in the sound guides holes (that is, a low-frequency two-point sound source) corresponding to a low-frequency acoustic driver can satisfy a certain condition, which can make the acoustic output device have a better sound output effect.

In some embodiments, it is assumed that there is a first amplitude ratio between a higher amplitude low frequency sound and a lower amplitude low frequency sound in a low frequency point to point sound source, and a second amplitude ratio exists between a high amplitude high frequency sound and a lower amplitude high frequency sound of the high frequency point to point sound source . The first amplitude ratio and the second amplitude ratio may be any value. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least 1, the second amplitude ratio may be at most 5, and the first amplitude ratio may be greater than the second amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least 1, the second amplitude ratio may be at most 4, and the first amplitude ratio may be greater than the second amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least 1.2, the second amplitude ratio may be at most 3, and the first amplitude ratio may be greater than the second amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least 1.3, the second amplitude ratio may be at most 2, and the first amplitude ratio may be greater than the second amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least 1.3, the second amplitude ratio may be at most 1.5, and the first amplitude ratio may be greater than the second amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be in the range of 1-3 and the second amplitude ratio may be in the range of 1-2. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least 1.2 times the second amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least 1.5 times the second amplitude ratio. In some embodiments, the first amplitude ratio may be at least twice the second amplitude ratio.

The effect of the amplitude ratio between the sound sources of the point-to-point sound source on the sound output of the acoustic output device can be further described based on the two point-to-point sound sources shown in FIG. 5.

As shown in FIG. 5, the two-point sound source on the left side (outputting low-frequency sounds at frequency ω1) represents the equivalent of two sound guide holes corresponding to the low-frequency acoustic driver, and the two-point sound source on the right side (outputting high-frequency sounds at frequency ω2) represents the equivalent of two sound guide holes, corresponding to a high-frequency acoustic exciter. For simplicity, let's assume that a high-frequency two-point sound source and a low-frequency two-point sound source can have the same spacing d. It should be noted that in the actual acoustic output device, the acoustic output device may be set in conjunction with the spacing ratio between the low frequency point to point sound source and the high frequency point to point sound source described elsewhere in this disclosure (for example, the distance between the low frequency point to point sound source is greater than than the distance between the high-frequency point-to-point sound source), which is not limited here.

The high-frequency point-to-point sound source and the low-frequency point-to-point sound source can output a group of high-frequency sounds with opposite phases and a group of low-frequency sounds with opposite phases, respectively. The amplitude ratio for the amplitude of a point sound source with a larger amplitude to the amplitude of a point sound source with a smaller amplitude in a low-frequency two-point sound source can be equal to A1, and the ratio of the amplitudes for the amplitude of a point sound source with a larger amplitude to the amplitude of a point sound source with a lower amplitude in a high-frequency two-point sound source sound source can be equal to A2 and A1>A2. Accordingly, FIG. 5, the sound listening position (also called sound listening position) is on the line on which the high-frequency two-point sound source is located, and the line connecting the sound listening position with the point sound source of the low-frequency two-point sound source can be perpendicular to the line on which the low-frequency two-point sound source is located. sound source. It should be understood that the choice of position for listening to sound here can be used simply as an example and is not a limitation of the present disclosure. In some variable embodiments, the position of the listening sound may be any appropriate position. For example, the sound listening position may be on the center line of the point-to-point sound source. As another example, the sound listening position may be on the vertical line of the point-to-point sound source. As a further example, the sound listening position may be on a circle centered on the center of the two-point sound source.

In some embodiments, an amplitude ratio that satisfies the requirement can be obtained by adjusting the structural parameters of the various components in the acoustic output device. For example, the amplitudes of the sounds output to the sound guide holes can be changed by adjusting the acoustic impedances of the acoustic paths. For example, one or more absorbent materials such as adjustable meshes, adjustable cotton, etc. may be added to acoustic path 145 or 155 to change its acoustic impedance. Assuming that the acoustic impedance ratio of the front and rear chambers of the low frequency acoustic driver is the first acoustic impedance ratio, and the acoustic impedance ratio of the front chamber and rear chamber of the high frequency acoustic driver is the second acoustic impedance ratio, in some embodiments the first acoustic impedance ratio and the second acoustic impedance ratio may be arbitrary values, and the first acoustic impedance ratio may be greater than, less than, or equal to the second acoustic impedance ratio. In some embodiments, the first acoustic impedance ratio may be at least 0.1 and the second acoustic impedance ratio may be at most 3. In some embodiments, the first acoustic impedance ratio may be at least 0.3 and the second acoustic impedance ratio may be not greater than 2. In some embodiments, the first acoustic impedance ratio may be at least 0.5 and the second acoustic impedance ratio may be at most 1.5. In some embodiments, the first acoustic impedance ratio and the second acoustic impedance ratio may be in the range of 0.8-1.2. In some embodiments, the first acoustic impedance ratio may be in the range of 0.5-1.6 and the second acoustic impedance ratio may be in the range of 0.6-1.5. In some embodiments, the first acoustic impedance ratio may be in the range of 1.0-1.5 and the second acoustic impedance ratio may be in the range of 0.7-1.3.

In some alternative embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the acoustic path may be varied by adjusting the diameter of the sound guide tube corresponding to the acoustic path in the acoustic output so as to achieve the goal of adjusting the amplitude of the sound at the sound guide hole. In some embodiments, the ratio of the tube diameters (also referred to as the diameter ratio for short) (i.e., the ratio of the smaller radius sonic guide tube tube diameter to the large radius sonic guide tube tube diameter) of two sonic guide tubes in a low frequency acoustic driver can be set within 0.8-1.0. In some embodiments, the ratio of tube diameters for the two sonic guide tubes in the low frequency acoustic driver can be set in the range of 0.95-1.0. In some embodiments, the ratio of tube diameters for two sonic guide tubes in a high frequency acoustic driver may be set to be the same.

In some embodiments, the internal friction or viscosity of the medium in the sonic guide tube can have a significant effect on sound propagation. If the tube diameter for the sound guide tube is too small, it may cause excessive sound loss and reduce the volume of the sound in the sound guide hole. The effect of the sonic guide tube diameter on sound volume can be further described based on the following descriptions with respect to the sonic guide tube diameter at various frequencies in conjunction with FIG. 6A and 6B.

In FIG. 6A is a graph illustrating variations in sonic guide tube parameters for various audio frequencies in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 6A shows a curve for the minimum tube diameter for a sonic guide tube at various audio frequencies. The ordinate indicates the minimum tube diameter value for the sonic guide tube, expressed in centimeters (cm), and the abscissa indicates the audio frequency, indicated in Hertz (Hz). As shown in FIG. 6A, when the audio frequency is in the range of 20Hz-20KHz, the tube diameter (or equivalent radius) for the audio guide tube cannot be less than 3.5mm. When the sound frequency is in the range of 60Hz-20kHz, the tube diameter (or equivalent radius) for the sound guide tube cannot be less than 2mm. Therefore, in order to reduce the loss of sound output from the acoustic output device within the hearing range of the human ear by the small diameter sound guide tube, the diameter of the sound guide tube tube corresponding to the acoustic path in the acoustic output device can be at least 1.5 mm. , or not less than 2 mm or not less than 2.5 mm.

In some embodiments, when the diameter of the sonic guide tube is too large and the frequency of the transmitted sound is higher than a certain frequency, higher order sound waves may be generated in the sonic guide tube, and the sonic guide tube may affect the sound, which eventually escapes. from the sound guide hole. Therefore, the design of the sonic guide tube must ensure that no higher order waves are generated in the frequency range of the sound to be transmitted, and only plane waves propagate in the direction of the sonic guide tube. In FIG. 6B is a graph illustrating variations in sonic guide tube parameters for various audio frequencies in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 6B is a plot of the maximum sonic guide tube diameter value for various audio high cutoff frequencies. The abscissa is the maximum tube diameter for the sonic guide tube, expressed in centimeters (cm), and the ordinate is the upper cutoff frequency of the sound transmission, expressed in kilohertz (kHz). As shown in FIG. 6B, when the upper cutoff frequency of the audio transmission is 20 kHz, the tube diameter (or equivalent radius) of the audio guide tube can be no more than 5 mm. When the upper cutoff frequency of the audio transmission is 10 kHz, the tube diameter (or equivalent radius) of the audio guide tube can be no more than 9 mm. Therefore, in order to ensure that the acoustic output device does not generate high-order waves when outputting sound within the sound range perceived by the human ear, the tube diameter for the sound guide tube corresponding to the acoustic path in the acoustic output device can be no more than 10 mm or no more than 8 mm etc.

In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the acoustic path may be varied by adjusting the length of the sound guide tube corresponding to the acoustic path in the acoustic output device to achieve the goal of correcting the amplitude of the sound at the sound guide hole. The transmitted sound can be affected by the length and aspect ratio (ie, length to diameter ratio) of the sound guide tube. Just as an example, the sound pressure of the sound transmitted by the sonic guide tube, the length and radius of the sonic guide tube, can satisfy Equation (5):

, … (5)

, … (5)

where P0 means the sound pressure of the sound source, L means the length of the sonic guide tube and β can satisfy equation (6):

, … (6)

, … (6)

where a is the radius of the sonic guide tube, c0 is the speed of sound, ω is the angular frequency of the sonic wave, and η/ρ0 is the dynamic viscosity of the medium. For other sonic guide tube diameters, the degree of attenuation of sounds at different frequencies can be related to the length and aspect ratio of the sonic guide tube, as shown in FIG. 7.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the tube diameter for the sonic guide tube is constant, the larger the length (or aspect ratio) of the sonic guide tube, the greater the degree of attenuation of the sounds transmitted in the sonic guide tube can be, and the sound in the high frequency band can have a large degree of attenuation, than the sound in the low frequency band. Therefore, in order to ensure that the sound attenuation of the acoustic output device is not too large to affect the loudness of the sound heard, the aspect ratio of the sound guide tube corresponding to the acoustic path in the acoustic output device may be no more than 200, or no more than 150, or no more than 100, and etc.

In some embodiments, due to the interaction between the sonic guide tube and the radiation impedance of the sonic guide tube nozzle, sound of a specific frequency transmitted through the sonic guide tube can form a standing wave in it, causing the output sound to peak/notch at specific frequencies, and affect sound output result. The length of the sonic guide tube can affect the formation of standing waves. In FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change in sound pressure when sound is output by various lengths of sonic guide tube, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 8 shows curves of relative sound pressure values output by sonic guide tubes of various lengths. In accordance with FIG. 8, the longer the sonic guide tube, the lower the minimum peak/trough frequency of the sound output from the sonic guide tube can be, and the larger the number of peaks/notches can be. In order to reduce the influence of peaks/troughs on the sound output result, the length of the sound guide tube can be adjusted to meet certain conditions. In some embodiments, the length of the sound guide tube may be no more than 200 mm so that the sound output is relatively uniform over the range of 20 Hz-800 Hz. In some embodiments, the length of the audio guide tube may be no more than 100 mm so that the output sound is uniform and without peaks and dips in the range of 20 Hz-1500 Hz. In some embodiments, the length of the audio guide tube may be no more than 50 mm so that the output sound is uniform without peaks and dips in the range of 20 Hz-3200 Hz. In some embodiments, the length of the audio guide tube may be no more than 30 mm so that the output sound is uniform without peaks and dips in the range of 20 Hz-5200 Hz.

In some embodiments, the length and diameter (or radius) of the sonic guide tube may be adjusted simultaneously to suit certain conditions. In some embodiments, the diameter of the sonic guide tube may be at least 0.5 mm and the length of the sonic guide tube may be at most 150 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the tube for the sonic guide tube may be at least 0.5 mm and the length of the sonic guide tube may be at most 100 mm. In some embodiments, the tube diameter for the sonic guide tube may be at least 1 mm and the length of the sonic guide tube may be at most 200 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the tube for the sonic guide tube may be at least 1 mm and the length of the sonic guide tube may be at most 150 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the tube for the sonic guide tube may be at least 2 mm and the length of the sonic guide tube may be at most 300 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the tube for the sonic guide tube may be at least 5 mm and the length of the sonic guide tube may be at most 500 mm. In some embodiments, the diameter of the tube for the sonic guide tube may be at least 5 mm and the length of the sonic guide tube may be at most 350 mm.

In some embodiments, setting the ratio of the amplitudes of the two-point sound source can be achieved by adjusting the structure of the sound guide holes in the acoustic output device. For example, the two sound guide holes corresponding to each acoustic driver of the acoustic output device may respectively have different sizes, different areas and/or different shapes. As another example, the sizes of the second sound guide holes corresponding to the high frequency acoustic driver and the sizes of the first sound guide holes corresponding to the low frequency acoustic driver may be different. As a further example, sound guide holes corresponding to different acoustic drivers of the acoustic output device may be set in different numbers.

It should be noted that the foregoing description of an acoustic output device is merely an example and description and does not limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Various modifications and changes can be made to the acoustic output device by those skilled in the art, guided by the present disclosure. However, these modifications and changes should still remain within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

When the acoustic driver (e.g., low frequency acoustic driver 140, high frequency acoustic driver 150) outputs sound through at least two sound guide holes (e.g., at least two first sound guide holes 147, at least two second sound guide holes 157 ), the at least two sound guide holes can output sounds with the same or different phases. For example, when low frequency sounds with different phases are output from the first two sound guide holes 147 and the absolute value of the phase difference of the low frequency sounds approaches 170 degrees, as described in FIG. 3B, the acoustic output device can produce an increased volume of the listening sound while maintaining the volume of the leakage sound in the far field. As another example, when high frequency sounds with different phases are output from the two second sound guide holes 157 and the absolute value of the phase difference of high frequency sounds approaches 170 degrees, as described in FIG. 3B, the acoustic output device can produce a lower volume of the leakage sound while maintaining the volume of the near field listening sound. Therefore, by reasonably designing the design of the frequency division electronic module, transducers, acoustic paths, or sound guide holes, the phase difference between the high-frequency sounds in the sound guide holes (that is, the high-frequency point-to-point sound source) corresponding to the high-frequency acoustic driver, and the phase difference between the low-frequency sounds in sound guide holes (that is, a low-frequency two-point sound source) corresponding to a low-frequency acoustic driver can meet a certain condition, which can make the acoustic output device have a better sound output result.

The effect of the phase difference between the point-to-point sound source on the sound output of the acoustic output device can be further described based on the two point-to-point sound sources shown in FIG. 9.

In FIG. 9 schematically shows two point-to-point sound sources according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, the two-point sound source shown on the left is the equivalent of two sound guide holes corresponding to the low-frequency acoustic driver, and the two-point sound source shown on the right is the equivalent of two sound guide holes corresponding to the high-frequency acoustic driver. For simplicity, it is assumed that the high frequency point to point sound source and the low frequency point to point sound source can have the same spacing d. It should be noted that in a real acoustic output device, the acoustic output device can be set in conjunction with the relationship for the intervals between the low frequency point to point sound source and the high frequency point to point sound source described elsewhere in this disclosure, which is not limited here.

For simplicity, the high-frequency point-to-point sound source and the low-frequency point-to-point sound source can respectively output a set of high-frequency sounds with the same amplitude and a certain phase difference and a set of low-frequency sounds with the same amplitude and a certain phase difference. In some embodiments, by intelligently designing the phase difference between high frequency sounds output from a high frequency point to point sound source and/or the phase difference between high frequency sounds output from a low frequency point to point sound source, the point to point sound sources can achieve a stronger leakage reduction capability than a single point sound source. As shown in FIG. 9, the sound listening position (also called the sound listening position) is on the line on which the high frequency two-point sound source is located, and the line connecting the sound listening position with the point sound source of the low frequency two-point sound source may be perpendicular to the line on which the low frequency sound source is located. two-point sound source. It should be understood that the sound listening position selection here can be used merely as an example and is not a limitation of the present disclosure. In some alternative embodiments, the sound listening position may be any suitable position. For example, the position of the sound being heard may be on the center line of the point-to-point sound source. As another example, the position of the sound being heard may be on the vertical line of the point-to-point sound source. As a further example, the position of the sound being heard may be located on a circle centered on the point-to-point sound source.

As shown in FIG. 9, the phase difference between the far ear sound source (i.e., the point sound source on the upper left side) and the near ear sound source (i.e., the point sound source on the lower left side) in the low-frequency point-to-point sound source can be denoted as φ1 , the phase difference between the far ear sound source (i.e., the point sound source on the upper right side) and the near ear point sound source (i.e., the point sound source on the lower right side) in a high-frequency point-to-point sound source can be denoted as φ2 , and φ1 and φ2 can satisfy equation (7):

, … (7)

, … (7)

In some embodiments, a phase difference that satisfies the requirement can be obtained by adjusting the structural parameters of various components in the acoustic output device. For example, the phases of sounds output at the sonic guide holes can be changed by adjusting the sound paths from the transducer to the corresponding sonic guide hole in the acoustic output device. In some embodiments, the ratio of the sound paths of the two sound guide tubes corresponding to the low frequency acoustic driver may be in the range of 0.4-2.5, and the ratio of the sound paths of the two sound guide tubes corresponding to the high frequency acoustic driver may be the same. In some embodiments, the ratio of the sound paths of the two sound guide tubes corresponding to the low frequency acoustic driver may be in the range of 0.5-2, and the ratio of the sound paths of the two sound guide tubes corresponding to the high frequency acoustic driver may be the same. In some embodiments, the sonic path from the transducer to the sonic guide holes can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the sonic guide tube. In some embodiments, the length ratio of the two sonic guide tubes (i.e., the ratio of the length of the long sonic guide tube and the length of the short sonic guide tube) corresponding to the low frequency acoustic driver may be in the range of 0.4-2.5 and the length ratio of the two sonic guide tubes guide tubes of the high-frequency acoustic exciter can be the same. In some embodiments, the length ratio of the two sonic guide tubes corresponding to the low frequency acoustic driver may be in the range of 0.8-1.25 and the length ratio of the two sonic guide tubes corresponding to the high frequency acoustic driver may be the same.

In some embodiments, the phase difference between at least two sound guide holes on an acoustic output device corresponding to one acoustic driver may be corrected by adjusting the audio signal applied to the acoustic driver according to one or more of the above descriptions. In some embodiments, the absolute value of the phase difference of the low frequency sounds output from the first two sonic guide holes may be less than the absolute value of the phase difference of the high frequency sounds output from the two second sonic guide holes. In some embodiments, the phase difference of the low frequency sounds output from the first two sonic guide holes may be in the range of 0 degrees to 180 degrees and the phase difference of the high frequency sounds output from the two second sonic guide holes may be in the range of 120 degrees to 180 degrees . In some embodiments, the phase difference of the low frequency sounds output from the first two sonic guide holes may be in the range of 90 degrees to 180 degrees and the phase difference of the high frequency sounds output from the two second sonic guide holes may be in the range of 150 degrees to 180 degrees . In some embodiments, the phase difference of the low frequency sounds output from the first two sonic guide holes may be in the range of 120 degrees to 180 degrees, and the phase difference of the high frequency sounds output from the two second sonic guide holes may be in the range of 150 degrees to 180 degrees. In some embodiments, the phase difference of the low frequency sounds output from the first two sonic guide holes may be in the range of 150 degrees to 180 degrees and the phase difference of the high frequency sounds output from the two second sonic guide holes may be in the range of 150 degrees to 180 degrees. In some embodiments, the phase difference of the low frequency sounds output from the two first sonic guide holes may be in the range of 160 degrees to 180 degrees and the phase difference of the high frequency sounds output from the two second sonic guide holes may be in the range of 170 degrees to 180 degrees. In some embodiments, the phase difference between the low frequency sounds output from the two first sonic guide holes and the phase difference between the high frequency sounds output from the two second sonic guide holes may be 180 degrees in both cases.

It should be noted that the foregoing descriptions of an acoustic output device are merely exemplary and descriptional and do not limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Various modifications and changes can be made to the acoustic output device by those skilled in the art, guided by the present disclosure. However, these modifications and changes should still remain within the protection scope of the present disclosure. For example, the phase difference of sound sources for a point-to-point sound source in an acoustic output device may be corrected in any reasonable manner to improve the sound leakage reduction capability of the acoustic output device.

In FIG. 10A-10D are exemplary graphs of acoustic output device leakage sounds with point-to-point sound sources according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 10A, compared with a single-point sound source, the leakage reduction capability can be improved by installing two point-to-point sound sources with different amplitude ratios. For example, the amplitude ratio of a low frequency point to point sound source may be A1, and the amplitude ratio of a high frequency point to point sound source may be A2. In the low frequency range, after adjusting the amplitude ratio of each point-to-point sound source (e.g., A1 is set to a value greater than 1), the increase in the near-field sound heard may be greater than the increase in the far-field leakage sound, which may result in a higher listening sound volume. in the near field in the low frequency range. Since the far-field leakage sound of the two-point sound source is initially very low in the low frequency range, after correcting the amplitude ratio of the two-point sound source, the slightly increased leakage sound can still be kept low. In the high band, A2 can be equal to or close to 1, setting the amplitude ratio of the sound sources in the high frequency point to point sound source so that a greater ability to reduce leakage in the high band can be obtained to meet the needs of an open binaural acoustic output device. In accordance with FIG. 10A, the total leakage sound generated by a system containing two two-point sound sources can be kept low in the frequency range below 7000 Hz and can be less than for a single-point sound source.

As shown in FIG. 10B, compared with a single-point sound source, the leakage reduction capability can be improved by installing two point-to-point sound sources with different phase differences. For example, the phase difference of a low-frequency two-point sound source may be φ1, and the phase difference of a high-frequency two-point sound source may be φ2. In the low band, after correcting for the phase difference of each point-to-point sound source, the increase in the near-field heard sound may be greater than the increase in the far-field leakage sound, which may produce a higher loudness of the near-field heard sound in the low frequency range. Since the far-field leakage sound of the point-to-point sound source is initially very low in the low-frequency band, after adjusting the phase difference of the point-to-point sound source, the somewhat increased leakage sound can still be kept low. In the high frequency range, φ2 can be equal to or close to 180 degrees, setting the phase difference of the sound sources of the high-frequency point-to-point sound source so that a greater ability to reduce leakage in the high frequency band can be obtained to meet the needs of an open binaural acoustic output device.

It should be noted that the total reduced leakage sound curves in FIG. 10A and 10B are ideal situations and are only meant to explain the principle and result. Influenced by one or more factors such as actual filter circuit characteristics, transducer frequency response, and audio channel frequency response, the actual output low frequency sound and high frequency sound may differ from the sounds shown in FIG. 10A and 10B. At the same time, low frequency sound and high frequency sound may have some overlap (overlap) in the frequency band near the crossover point, which may cause the actual total reduced leakage sound may not have a sharp change at the crossover point, as shown in FIG. 10A and/or FIG. 10B, but may have a fade and transition in the frequency band near the crossover point (eg, as shown by the thin solid line in FIG. 10A and/or FIG. 10B). It is understood that these differences cannot affect the overall acoustic output device sound leakage reduction effect provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

In FIG. 10C shows sound leakage reduction curves for a two-point sound source at various sonic guide tube diameter ratios. As shown in FIG. 10C, within a certain frequency range (for example, in the range of 800 Hz-10 kHz), the ability to reduce sound leakage for a two-point sound source may be better than for a single-point sound source. For example, when the diameter ratio of the sound guide tubes for the two-point sound source is 1, the two-point sound source can have a greater ability to reduce sound leakage. As another example, when the diameter ratio of the sound guide tubes of the two-point sound source is 1.1, the leakage reduction capability of the two-point sound source may be better than that of the single-point sound source in the range of 800Hz-10kHz. As a further example, when the ratio of the diameters of the sound guide tubes of the two-point sound source is 0.95, the sound leakage reduction capability of the two-point sound source may still be better than that of the one-point sound source.

In FIG. 10D shows sound leakage reduction curves for a point-to-point sound source at various sonic guide tube length ratios. As shown in FIG. 10D, in the range of 100 Hz-1 kHz, the leakage reduction capability of a two-point sound source can be set to be better than that of a single-point sound source by adjusting the length ratio (i.e., the ratio of the length of a longer sound guide tube to a length of more short sonic guide tube) sonic guide tubes for a two-point sound source. For example, the length ratio may be 1, 1.05, 1.1, 1.5, 2, and so on. In the range of 1 kHz-10 kHz, by adjusting the length ratio of the sound guide tubes of the two-point sound source near 1 or making it equal to 1, the sound leakage reduction capability of the two-point sound source can be set to be better than that of the one-point sound source.

In some other embodiments, sounds output from a point-to-point sound source may also have different amplitudes, different phases, or different spatial relationships. In some alternative embodiments, the point-to-point sound source parameters can be adjusted in other available ways to improve the ability of the acoustic output device to reduce far-field sound leakage, which is not limited in this disclosure. For example, it is possible to set up that the low-frequency acoustic driver outputs sounds through only one sound guide hole (i.e., it is equivalent to a single-point sound source), and the high-frequency acoustic driver additionally outputs sound through two sound guide holes (i.e., it is equivalent to a two-point sound source). ). In some embodiments, multiple point-to-point audio sources may also be used to output audio signals with different frequency components.

It should be noted that the foregoing description of an acoustic output device is merely exemplary and descriptive and does not limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Various modifications and changes can be made to the acoustic output device by those skilled in the art, guided by the present disclosure. However, these modifications and changes should still remain within the protection scope of the present disclosure. For example, in order to make the acoustic driver obtain a stronger low-frequency effect in the low-frequency range below 300 Hz, the amplitude ratio for the larger amplitude point sound source and the lower amplitude point sound source of the low-frequency two-point sound source can be corrected to be larger, or the phase difference between the two point sound sources of a low-frequency two-point sound source can be adjusted to approach 0 degrees, so that the sound output result of a low-frequency two-point sound source can be close to a single-point sound source. As a result, the acoustic output device can output low frequency sounds to the environment to be louder, and can have the effect of improving the low frequency components in the heard sound in the near field. As another example, a single point sound source can be directly installed in the low frequency band to improve the low frequency signal output of the acoustic output device. As a further example, according to the requirements of actually listening to near-field audio and reducing far-field leakage, different point-to-point audio sources can be set in different frequency bands. The number of frequency subbands may be two or more. The point-to-point sound source corresponding to each frequency subband may be set based on one method or a combination of the above methods.

You should be aware that the description of the present disclosure does not limit the actual use of an acoustic output device. An acoustic output device may be any device, or part thereof, that is intended to output sound to the user. For example, an acoustic output device may be applied to a mobile phone. In FIG. 11 schematically shows a mobile phone with a plurality of audio guide holes, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in the drawing, the top 1120 of the mobile phone 1100 (ie, "vertical" to the top end surface of the mobile phone display) is provided with a plurality of audio guide holes, as described elsewhere in this disclosure. Just by way of example, the sound guide holes 1101 may constitute a two-point sound source group (or a single-point sound source array) for outputting low frequency sounds. The two sound guide holes 1102 may form another two-point sound source group (or point source array) for outputting high-frequency sounds. The distance between the sound guide holes 1101 may be larger than the distance between the sound guide holes 1102. The low frequency acoustic driver 1130 and the high frequency acoustic driver 1140 are provided inside the mobile phone case 1100. The low frequency sound generated by the low frequency acoustic driver 1130 can be transmitted to the outside through the sound guides. holes 1101, and the high frequency sound generated by the high frequency acoustic driver 1140 can be transmitted out through the sound guide holes 1102. According to other embodiments described in the present disclosure, when the user places the sound guide holes 1101 and 1102 near the ear to respond to voice information , the sound guide holes 1101 and 1102 can emit a loud sound to the user in the near field, and at the same time can reduce leakage to the environment. In addition, by installing the sound guide hole on the top of the phone instead of the top of the mobile phone display, the space required to install the sound guide hole on the front side of the phone can be kept in place, and then the display area of the mobile phone can be further increased and the appearance of the phone can be also be improved and made more beautiful.

The above description of installing a sound guide hole on a mobile phone is for illustration purposes only. Without departing from the principle, design corrections may be made by those skilled in the art, and the corrected design may still be within the protection scope of the present disclosure. For example, all or part of the sound guide holes 1101 or 1102 may also be installed in other positions on the mobile phone 1100. For example, a back cover top, a side cover top, and so on. and this setting can still ensure that the user hears sound at a high volume when receiving sound information, and also prevent the sound information from leaking into the environment. As another example, low frequency acoustic driver 1130 and/or high frequency acoustic driver 1140 may be optional and may also share the audio output of mobile phone 1100 through other methods described in this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

Advantageous results of the present disclosure may include, but are not limited to: (1) a high frequency point to point sound source and a low frequency point to point sound source can be provided to output sound in different frequency bands, thereby achieving a better acoustic output result; (2) By setting up point-to-point sound sources with different amplitude ratios, the acoustic output device can have a greater ability to reduce sound leakage in the upper frequency band, which can meet the specifications of an open binaural acoustic output device, thus obtaining a good sound output result in a quiet environment. environment; (3) By setting up point-to-point sound sources with different phase difference, the acoustic output device can have a higher low-frequency sound listening volume and have a stronger high-band sound leakage reduction ability, which can improve the sound output result of the open binaural acoustic output device . It should be noted that different embodiments may have different beneficial results. In various embodiments, the implementation of the acoustic output device may have one advantage or a combination of advantages, as an example presented above, and any other beneficial results that can be obtained.

Thus, once familiar with the basic concepts, it may be fairly apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this detailed disclosure that the foregoing detailed disclosure is intended to be by way of example only and does not create limitations. Various changes, improvements and modifications may occur and are intended for those skilled in the art, although this is not expressly expressed here. These changes, improvements and modifications are intended to be offered by this disclosure and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

In addition, certain terminology has been used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the terms “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” and/or “some embodiments” mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be understood that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "alternative embodiment" in various parts of this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. Additionally, specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined as appropriate in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Additionally, those skilled in the art should understand that the approaches used in this disclosure may be explained and described herein in any of a variety of patentable classes or context containing any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful their improvement. Accordingly, the approaches used in this disclosure may be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of software and hardware implementations, which may herein in generally referred to as a "module", "unit", "component", "device", or "system". Additionally, the approaches used in the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-readable media having a computer-readable control program implemented thereon.

The computer storage media may comprise a transmission data signal containing a computer control program, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagating signal may have multiple manifestations, including electromagnetic form, optical form, etc., or their respective aggregate form. A storage medium may be any computer-readable medium, other than a computer-readable medium, that can be connected to an instruction execution system, a device, or a device capable of communicating, distributing, or transmitting programs for use. The control program residing on the storage medium may be transmitted over any suitable medium, including radio, cable, optical fiber, RF signal, or the like, or any combination of media.

The control program for performing the operations of the approaches of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object-oriented programming language such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB. NET, Python, etc., traditional procedural programming languages such as the "C" programming language, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy or others programming languages. The control program may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computer, and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (for example, over the Internet using ISP) or cloud computing environment or be offered as a service such as Software as a Service (SaaS).

Additionally, the order in which elements or sequences are processed or the use of numbers, letters or other designations is therefore not intended to limit the claimed processes and methods in any manner except as may be defined in the claims. While the above disclosure is discussed through various examples, which are now considered to be a variety of useful embodiments of the disclosure, it should be understood that such details are for that purpose only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather are intended to cover modifications. and equivalent structures that are within the spirit and protection scope of the disclosed embodiments. For example, while the implementation of the various nodes described above may be implemented in a hardware device, it may also be implemented as a purely software solution, such as installation on an existing server or on a mobile device.

Likewise, it should be understood that in the above description of embodiments of the present disclosure, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof for the purpose of making the disclosure of one or more of the various embodiments easier to understand. However, this method of disclosure does not mean that the present subject matter requires more features than the features mentioned in the claims. Rather, the claimed subject matter may be present in less than all of the features of the single disclosed embodiment presented above.

In some embodiments, numbers expressing quantities of components, properties, etc. used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the application are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term "about", "approximately", or "substantially". Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately", or "substantially" may indicate a deviation of ±20% from the described value. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the implementation of the numerical parameters given in the description and the attached claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired properties to be obtained in a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the implementation of the numerical parameters should be considered in light of the number of significant figures reported and applying the usual methods of rounding. While the ranges of numbers and parameters that make up the broad scope of some embodiments of the application are approximations, the numerical values given in the specific examples are reported as accurately as practicable.

Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other materials cited herein, such as articles, books, instructions, publications, documents, etc., are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Archival application documents that are inconsistent or conflict with the contents of this disclosure are excluded, and documents (now or later annexed to this disclosure) that limit the broadest range of protection scope of this disclosure are also excluded. It should be noted that if the description, definition and/or terminology used in the attached application of this disclosure are inconsistent or conflict with the content described in this application, description, definition and/or terminology, they may be subject to this disclosure.

Finally, it is to be understood that the embodiments described in the present disclosure are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other modifications that may be used may be within the protection scope of the application. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of embodiments of the application may be used in accordance with the principles set forth herein. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the embodiments expressly presented and described herein.

Claims (16)

1. Acoustic output device, containing: at least one low frequency acoustic driver configured to output sounds from at least two first sound guide holes; at least one high frequency acoustic driver configured to output sounds from at least two second sound guide holes; and support component configured to support said at least one high frequency acoustic driver and said at least one low frequency acoustic driver and ensure that said at least two first sound guide holes and said at least two second sound guide holes are located at a distance from the position of the user's ear, wherein the ratio of the amplitudes of the sounds output from said at least two first sound guide holes is the first amplitude ratio, and the ratio of the amplitudes of the sounds output from the said at least two second sound guide holes is the second amplitude ratio, the first amplitude ratio being greater than than the second amplitude ratio. 2. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein the sounds output from the low frequency acoustic driver are in a first frequency range, the sounds output from the high frequency acoustic driver are in a second frequency range, the second frequency range containing higher frequencies than first frequency range. 3. Acoustic output device according to claim 1, in which the first amplitude ratio and the second amplitude ratio are in the range of 1-1.5. 4. Acoustic output device according to claim 1, in which the first acoustic path from said at least one low-frequency acoustic driver to said at least two first sound guide holes comprises an acoustic resistive material, the acoustic resistive material having an acoustic impedance and influencing the first amplitude ratio; or the second acoustic path from said at least one high-frequency acoustic exciter to said at least two second sound guide holes comprises an acoustic resistive material, the acoustic resistive material having an acoustic impedance and affecting the second amplitude ratio. 5. Acoustic output device according to claim. 4, in which the specified at least one low-frequency acoustic exciter is located in the first housing, which forms the first front chamber and the first rear chamber of the specified at least one low-frequency acoustic exciter, while the first front chamber of the specified at at least one low frequency acoustic driver is acoustically connected to one of said at least two first sound guide holes, and the first rear chamber of said at least one low frequency acoustic driver is acoustically connected to another of said at least two first sound guide holes; or said at least one high frequency acoustic driver is located in a second housing which forms a second front chamber and a second rear chamber of said at least one high frequency acoustic driver, wherein the second front chamber of said at least one high frequency acoustic driver is acoustically coupled to one of said at least two second sound guide holes, and the second rear chamber of said at least one high-frequency acoustic exciter is acoustically connected to the other of said at least two second sound guide holes. 6. The acoustic output device of claim 5, wherein the first front chamber and the first rear chamber of said at least one low frequency acoustic driver have different acoustic impedances, and the second front chamber and the second rear chamber of said at least one high frequency acoustic driver have different acoustic impedances. acoustic impedance. 7. The acoustic output device of claim 4, wherein the first acoustic path comprises at least one of: a sonic guide tube, a sonic cavity, a resonator cavity, a sonic hole, a sonic gap, or a tuning network. 8. The acoustic output device according to claim 1, wherein the phase difference of the sounds output from said at least two first sound guide holes is a first phase difference, the phase difference of sounds output from said at least two second sound guide holes is the second phase difference, and the absolute value of the first phase difference is less than the absolute value of the second phase difference. 9. The acoustic output device according to claim 8, wherein the absolute value of the first phase difference is in the range of 160-180 degrees, and the absolute value of the second phase difference is in the range of 170-180 degrees.

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