RU2782857C1 - Forager - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The forager is made assembled with a tractor and consists of a pipeline configured to supply the crushed product to the vehicle and for this purpose is connected to the grinding drum by means of an exhauster, which creates an air flow on the "grinding drum - pipeline" line. The forager contains a sowing machine placed on the front wall of the pipeline facing the tractor cab, and consisting of a hopper for the seeded material, a valve and a bottom made to form a cavity under the valve, which is connected to the pipeline cavity by means of a pneumatic channel - through a rectangular window in the front wall pipeline. The pneumatic channel is configured to supply the seeded material from the cavity of the bottom to the cavity of the pipeline under the action of its gravity. The bottom in its lower part is made with the formation of a pitched board in the form of a rectangle, which is installed at such an angle to the horizontal plane, which ensures the free passage of material over its surface due to its gravity. The window connecting the cavities of the pneumatic channel and the pipeline is aligned with its lower side with the lower edge of the pitched board. The height of the window in the front wall of the pipeline exceeds no more than two or three times the largest size of the granules of the seeded material. The pneumatic channel is formed by means of a pitched board and a casing - the pitched board is closed from above by a casing, which in cross section has a U-shape, increasing in height from its front end to the rear. The configuration of the front end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the window in the front wall of the pipeline. The configuration of the rear end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the bottom in its cross section. The front end of the casing is aligned with the window, and its rear end is aligned with the cavity of the bottom.

EFFECT: improved operational properties of the forager.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the mechanization of technological processes of agricultural production and is intended for use in the livestock industry.

Known sowing machines, which are part of the seeders, planters and cultivators. These, for example, include a coil-pin apparatus, consisting of a hopper with a valve, a bottom and a coil (Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines: textbook for universities / V.M. Khalansky, I.V. Gorbachev. - M .: KolosS, 2004. - 624 pp. - pp. 142, 143) [1].

The main disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of the design.

The closest technical solution chosen as a prototype is a forager assembled with a tractor and consisting of a pipeline configured to supply the crushed product to the vehicle and, for this, connected to the grinding drum by means of an exhauster that creates an air flow on the line "grinding drum - pipeline ". In addition, the forager contains a sowing machine, consisting of a hopper for seeding material, a valve and a bottom made to form a cavity under the valve, which is connected to the pipeline cavity through a pneumatic channel - through a window in the pipeline wall (Patent RU No. 2748994, A01D 43/00, February 20, 2020) [2].

The disadvantage of the presented forager is that the pneumatic channel of the sowing apparatus is directed upwards - in the direction of movement of the sowing material through the pipeline. Therefore, in the event of a shutdown of the supply or an emergency stop of the forager, the crushed product falls down the pipeline under the action of gravity and enters the pneumatic channel through the window - fills it, which leads to the failure of the sowing machine. In addition, the supply of material from the cavity of the bottom to the cavity of the pipeline when exposed to air flow is unstable, since it depends on the parameters of the grinding process.

The objective of the invention is to improve the performance properties of a forager equipped with a sowing machine for including feed additives in the crushed product.

The essence of the invention is as follows. The pneumatic channel is configured to supply the seeded material from the cavity of the bottom to the cavity of the pipeline under the action of its gravity. At the same time, the bottom in its lower part is made with the formation of a pitched board in the form of a rectangle, which is installed at such an angle to the horizontal plane, which ensures free passage of material over its surface due to its gravity. The window connecting the cavities of the pneumatic channel and the pipeline is aligned with its lower side with the lower edge of the pitched board. The height of the window in the front wall of the pipeline exceeds no more than two or three times the largest size of the granules of the seeded material. The pneumatic channel is formed by means of a pitched board and a casing - the pitched board is closed from above by a casing, which in cross section has a U-shape, increasing in height from its front end to the rear. In this case, the configuration of its front end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the window in the front wall of the pipeline, and the configuration of the rear end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the bottom in its cross section. The front end of the casing is aligned with the window, and its rear end is aligned with the cavity of the bottom.

As a result, the material, under the action of its own gravity, moves from the cavity of the bottom through the pneumatic channel to the cavity of the pipeline, where it mixes with the crushed product. The probability that the sowing unit will become clogged with grinding products is reduced, since the window has a limited height, and the pneumatic channel from the bottom cavity is directed downwards. The supply of material into the cavity of the pipeline is more stable, since it is carried out mainly due to gravity. Taken together, this improves the performance properties of the forager, equipped with a sowing device for including feed additives in the crushed product.

The drawing shows a forager, in particular, given its side view of the pipeline.

The forager is arranged with a tractor (not shown) and consists of a pipeline 1 configured to supply the crushed product to a vehicle (not shown). To do this, pipeline 1 is connected to the grinding drum by means of an exhauster (not shown), which creates an air flow on the line "grinding drum - pipeline 1". To enable the inclusion of feed additives in the composition of the crushed product, the forager additionally contains a sowing device located on the front wall of the pipeline 1, facing the tractor cab. The device consists of a hopper 2 for seeded bulk material, a valve 3 and a bottom 4, made to form a cavity under the valve 3, which is connected to the cavity of the pipeline 1 through a pneumatic channel 6 - through a rectangular window 7 in the front wall of the pipeline. To ensure the possibility of supplying material to the cavity of the pipeline 1, the bottom 4 in its lower part is made with the formation of a pitched board 5 in the form of a rectangle, which is installed at such an angle to the horizontal plane, which ensures free passage of the material over its surface due to its gravity. The window 7, which communicates the cavity of the pneumatic channel 6 and the pipeline 1, is aligned with its lower side with the lower edge of the pitched board 5. The height of the window 7 in the front wall of the pipeline exceeds no more than two to three times the largest size of the granules of the seeded material. The pneumatic channel 6 is formed by means of a pitched board 5 and a casing 8 - the pitched board 5 is closed from above by a casing 8, which in cross section has a U-shape, increasing in height from its front end to the rear. At the same time, the configuration of its front end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the window 7 in the front wall of the pipeline 1, and the configuration of the rear end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the bottom 4 in its cross section. The front end of the casing 8 is aligned with the window 7, and its rear end is aligned with the cavity of the bottom 4.

Forager works as follows. Fill the hopper 2 feed additive. The dose of additive supply is set by changing the cross section of the supply window using the valve 3. Organize the grinding process, for example, hay. To do this, after turning on the power take-off shaft (actuating the exhauster), the grinding drum of the forager is lowered onto the stack. Under the action of gravity and vibration, the bulk material of the additive from the cavity of the hopper 2 through the supply window (valve 3 is open or ajar) enters the cavity of the bottom 4, from where, under the action of its own gravity, it rolls down the pitched board 5, passing through the pneumatic channel 6, and then - through the window 7 - into the cavity of the pipeline 1, where it is mixed with the crushed product.

Thus, technical solutions have been proposed aimed at improving the performance properties of a forager equipped with a sowing machine for including feed additives in the crushed product.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1. Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines: textbook. for universities / V.M. Khalansky, I.V. Gorbachev. - M.: KolosS, 2004. - 624 p. - S. 142, 143.

2. Patent RU No. 2748994, A01D 43/00, 20.02.2020 - prototype.

Claims (1)

Forager assembled with a tractor and consisting of a pipeline configured to supply the crushed product to the vehicle and for this connected with the grinding drum by means of an exhauster, which creates an air flow on the "grinding drum - pipeline" line, in addition, it contains a sowing device placed on the front wall of the pipeline facing the tractor cab, and consisting of a hopper for seeding material, a valve and a bottom made to form a cavity under the valve, which is connected to the pipeline cavity by means of a pneumatic channel - through a rectangular window in the front wall of the pipeline, characterized in that the pneumatic channel is configured to supply the seeded material from the cavity of the bottom to the cavity of the pipeline under the action of its gravity, while the bottom in its lower part is made to form a pitched board in the form of a rectangle, which is installed at such an angle to the horizontal plane, which ensures the free passage of material over its surface due to its gravity, the window connecting the cavities of the pneumatic channel and the pipeline is aligned with its lower side with the lower edge of the pitched board, the height of the window in the front wall of the pipeline exceeds no more than two to three times the largest size of the granules of the seeded material, the pneumatic channel is formed by means of a pitched board and a casing - the pitched board is closed from above by a casing, which in cross section has a U-shaped shape, increasing in height from its front end to the rear, while the configuration of its front end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the window in the front wall of the pipeline, and the configuration of the rear end along the cut coincides with the U-shaped part of the bottom in its cross section, the front end of the casing is aligned with the window, and its rear end is aligned with the cavity of the bottom.

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