RU2782590C1 - Plant for the production of liquid fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural engineering, and in particular to equipment for the production of mineral fertilizers in the form of solutions. The installation contains a reactor, a pipeline system, heating devices, a dispersing device, tanks for water and the finished product. The reactor is connected in series with a dispersing device and two boilers mounted in parallel, made with the possibility of ensuring their simultaneous and alternate operation, by a pipeline. The outlet of the boilers is connected by a pipeline to the volume of the reactor through its side wall, to which it is mounted tangentially relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the reactor and its side wall. On the opposite side of the reactor to its side wall, a pipeline is mounted tangentially relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the reactor and its side wall, directing part of the solution from the disperser device along a separate closed circuit into the internal volume of the reactor with the possibility of increasing the speed of turbulent flows of the solution inside the reactor, while the directions of tangentially mounted pipelines in the reactor are the same.

EFFECT: providing the possibility of creating a plant for the production of liquid fertilizers with a high specific productivity.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, and in particular to equipment for the production of mineral fertilizers in the form of solutions with different ratios of active nutrients and can be used for the preparation of liquid nitrogen fertilizers based on ammonium nitrate and urea [A01G31/02, B01F23/00, B01F23/50 , B01F33/00, B01F33/50, B01F33/80, C05C1/00, C05C9/00, B01F33/404, B01F33/502].

A DEVICE FOR THE PREPARATION OF SULFUR REAGENT FOR NATURAL LEACHING OF PHOSPHATES IN A PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHORUS-NITROGEN FERTILIZERS [MD2738 (C2), publ.: 12/31/2005], including a tank containing a means for mixing and equipped with at least one inlet for liquid, a solid granule inlet and a solution outlet, characterized in that the granule inlet to the tank is located in the upper part above the level of the reaction mixture in this tank, and that the agitation means contain a first agitation means capable of creating a drive of solid granules to the bottom of the tank in the reaction mixture , and a second mixing means located in the tank at a level below the level of the first mixing means and capable of creating in the reaction mixture a movement favorable for the dissolution of the granules, in particular a shearing movement.

The disadvantage of analogue is the low efficiency of dissolution, due to the lack of the possibility of heating water before mixing with granules.

Also known is a SOLUTION ASSEMBLY FOR OBTAINING AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS [RU186828 (U1), publ.: 02/05/2019], characterized in that it contains a frame on which a hopper for dry mineral fertilizers is installed, a container for dissolving mineral fertilizers, a mixing body and a heating boiler, connected by a pipeline system, moreover, the hopper for dry mineral fertilizers is connected to a container for dissolving mineral fertilizers using a conveyor, a mixing body in the form of a rotary pulsation apparatus is made with the possibility of pumping, mixing, dispersing and homogenizing the mixture in the container, and the heating boiler serves to heating the mixture in the container in order to accelerate dissolution. At the entrance of the bunker for dry mineral fertilizers, a grate is additionally installed, at the exit of the bunker for dry mineral fertilizers, a crusher of lumps of dry fertilizers is additionally installed.

The disadvantage of analogue is the need to introduce a mixing body in the design of the device, which complicates the site in terms of manufacturing, operation and labor costs.

The closest in technical essence is the SOLUTION ASSEMBLY FOR PREPARING LIQUID FERTILIZERS [RU2765953 (C1), publ.: 02/07/2022], containing a bunker storage of dry fertilizers, connected by means of a conveyor with a mixing reactor with an inlet for the solution, a pipeline system, a heating device, a dispersing device with the possibility of pumping, mixing, dispersing and homogenizing the mixture, as well as storage tanks for water and the finished product, characterized in that it is equipped with a mixer of liquid components with the possibility of adding liquid plant protection products to the mixing reactor and a device for weight control of the components entering the mixing reactor, the inlet pipe for the solution is made with a cone-shaped nozzle tip located tangentially relative to the wall of the mixing reactor, the pipeline system between the heating device and the mixing reactor is made with a check valve , the bunker store of dry fertilizers consists of at least two bunkers. A rotary pulsation apparatus is used as a dispersing device. As a heating device, a cylindrical fire-tube boiler is used.

The main technical problem of the prototype is the low efficiency of preparation of liquid fertilizers, due to the implementation of the mixing unit and the heating unit are different, through different closed pipelines, which reduces the efficiency of fertilizer dissolution due to the temperature loss of the solution when it is fed into the dispersing device. In addition, when the boiler fails, equipment downtime is inevitable, which also negatively affects the efficiency of the installation.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to provide the possibility of creating a plant for the production of liquid fertilizers with high specific productivity.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the plant for the production of liquid fertilizers, containing a reactor, a pipeline system, a heating device, a dispersing device, tanks for water and the finished product, the nozzle inlet to the reactor for the solution is made with a cone-shaped nozzle tip located tangentially relative to the wall reactor, characterized in that the reactor is connected in series with a disperser device and two parallel-mounted boilers, made with the possibility of ensuring their simultaneous and alternate operation, the outlet of the boilers is connected by a pipeline with the volume of the reactor through its side wall, to which it is mounted tangentially with respect to the vertical axis of symmetry of the reactor and its side wall, on the opposite side of the reactor to its side wall, a pipeline is mounted tangentially relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the reactor and its side wall, guiding part of the solution from the dispersing device along a separate closed circuit into the internal volume of the reactor with the possibility of increasing the speed of turbulent flows of the solution inside the reactor, while the directions of the tangentially mounted pipelines in the reactor coincide.

In particular, the reactor is made cylindrical, the lower part of which is made conical with the possibility of providing a turbulent flow of liquid during its circulation.

In particular, the installation additionally contains a mechanical filter for cleaning the solution, mounted in front of the tank for the finished product.

In particular, the pipelines are provided with valves.

In particular, the reactor, dispersing device, boilers and fuel tank with pipelines connecting them, equipped with valves, are mounted on a single mobile wheeled platform with the possibility of transporting the plant directly to the place of production of liquid fertilizers.

The figure schematically shows a plant for the production of liquid fertilizers, which is marked: 1 - water tank, 2 - reactor, 3 - disperser, 4 - fuel tank, 5 - boilers, 6 - filter, 7 - tank for the finished product, 8 -19 valves.

Implementation of the invention.

The plant for the production of liquid fertilizers contains a water tank 1, a reactor 2, a dispersing device 3, boilers 5, a filter 6, a tank for the finished product 7, pipelines equipped with valves 8-19. The pipelines are made with the possibility of connecting the water tank 1 with the reactor 2, the reactor 2 with the dispersing device 3 and the tank for the finished product 7, the dispersing device 3 with the boilers 5, the boilers 5 with the reactor 1.

The reactor 2 is made cylindrical, the lower part of which is made conical with the possibility of providing a turbulent flow of liquid when it is drained from the bottom of the reactor 2 for its circulation and better mixing of fertilizers with water in the reactor 2. valve 9. A water tank 1 is connected by a pipeline to the mentioned pipeline through valve 8.

The dispersing device 3 is connected by a pipeline equipped with valves 10, 11 to the inlet nozzles of the boilers 5, mounted in parallel. For alternate or simultaneous supply of liquid from the reactor 2 to the boilers 5, the inlet pipes of the boilers 5 are equipped with valves 12, 13.

The dispersing device 3 is made in the form of a rotary-pulsation apparatus for fine grinding, repeated mixing of a multicomponent aqueous fertilizer solution for the preparation of a highly dispersed, homogenized liquid fertilizer and can also act as a pump.

The outlet pipes of the boilers 5 connected in parallel are connected by a pipeline through the valve 16 to the side wall of the reactor 2. For alternate or simultaneous inclusion of the boilers 5 in the line to the reactor 2, their outlet pipes are equipped with valves 14, 15.

The pipeline from the valve 16 to the reactor 2 is mounted tangentially with the possibility of the formation of turbulent flows of an aqueous fertilizer solution inside the reactor 2 for better mixing and dissolution of the fertilizer with water in the reactor 2, while part of the said pipeline is located inside the reactor 2.

To the section of the pipeline between the valves 10, 11, a pipeline is mounted, equipped with valves 18, 19 and connected to the filter 6 and the tank for the finished product 7.

Filter 6 is mechanical and can be multi-stage.

To the section of the pipeline between the valves 18, 19, a discharge pipeline is mounted, connected to the reactor 2 tangentially with the possibility of forming turbulent flows of an aqueous solution of fertilizer inside the reactor 2 for better mixing and dissolution of the fertilizer with water located in the reactor 2, while part of the said pipeline is located inside the reactor 2 on the opposite wall from the tangentially mounted pipeline from the valve 16 to the reactor 2. The direction of the tangentially mounted pipelines in the reactor 2 coincide.

Valves 8-19 can be made controlled from the control unit (not shown in the figures).

Reactor 2, disperser device 3, boilers 5 and fuel tank 4 with pipelines connecting them, equipped with valves 8-19, are mounted on a single mobile platform (not shown in the figures), equipped with wheel supports and a towing device with the possibility of transporting the installation directly to the place of production of liquid fertilizers.

Installation for the production of liquid fertilizers is used as follows.

Before starting the installation, all valves 8-19 are closed. Open the valve 8 of the pipeline of the water tank 1 and fill the reactor 2, with fertilizer previously poured into it, with water. The amount of water and fertilizer is calculated based on the required concentration of substances in the finished product.

Before supplying water from the water tank 1 to the reactor 2, it can be additionally heated.

After filling the reactor 2 with fertilizer with water, the valve 8 is closed, the valves 9-11 are opened and the dispersing device 3 is turned on, with the help of which an aqueous solution with fertilizers partially dissolved in it is supplied from the reactor 2 to the boilers 5 connected in parallel.

The boilers 5 are made of electric or liquid fuel, while in the embodiment of the boilers of liquid fuel, they are connected to the fuel tank 4. When using two boilers 5 at the same time, valves 12-15 are opened, when using one of the boilers 5, valves 12, 14 or 13, 15.

The use of two boilers 5 simultaneously in the installation, connected in parallel in the circuit and their supply with valves 12-15, which ensure their alternate or simultaneous on / off, ensure their redundancy for alternate replacement (repair) without stopping the installation.

After the aqueous solution of the fertilizer enters the boilers 5 and it is heated, the valve 16 is opened. The aqueous solution is fed through the pipeline through the valve 16 into the reactor 2, where due to the tangential displacement of the said pipeline relative to the central axis of the reactor 2 and its side wall, turbulent flows of the aqueous fertilizer solution are formed, ensuring efficient mixing of the solution inside the reactor 2 and dissolution of the fertilizer in the reactor 2 with water.

To increase the rate of turbulence of the solution, valves 17, 18 are opened and part of the solution is fed through the pipeline from the bottom of the reactor 2 through valve 9, the dispersing device 3, valves 18 and 17 are fed through the second, located opposite the first pipeline from valve 16, tangentially mounted pipeline into the reactor 2.

After the complete dissolution of fertilizers in water, to drain the liquid fertilizer, close the valves 11, 17 and open the valve 19 and the finished liquid fertilizer is fed through the filter 6 into the tank for the finished product 7, while the boilers 5, after closing the valve 11 and stopping the supply of liquid to them, stop automatically.

In 2021, the author of the invention made an industrial working model of a plant for the production of liquid fertilizers on a mobile platform, which he used to prepare liquid nitrogen fertilizers based on ammonium nitrate and urea.

As a result of experimental operation of the installation, the following was obtained:

high rate of solution heating due to the use of two boilers 5 simultaneously;

high rate of mixing of the solution in the reactor 2 due to the simultaneous circulation of the solution into the reactor 2 from both sides through pipelines from the boilers after heating the solution and from the dispersing device 3;

high dissolution rate of fertilizers due to the implementation of a closed circuit in the installation, through which the solution after grinding in the disperser device 3 and heating in boilers 5 is tangentially fed into the reactor 2, which eliminates the temperature loss of the mixed solution;

high reliability in comparison with the prototype, by reducing the number of circuits in the installation and by redundant boilers 5, equipped with valves 12-15, allowing repair of boilers 5 separately without stopping the installation.

During the period of operation since 2021, the installation has proven itself on the positive side. Downtime due to malfunction of boilers 5, which are critical components in the installation, is not allowed. In total, there were two failures of boilers 5, both times the first one in the circuit from the dispersing device 3, while due to the hot backup of boilers 5, the repair of the failed boiler 5 was carried out during the operation of the installation, which had little effect on its specific productivity.

The design solutions used in the invention made it possible to obtain a high-performance plant for the production of liquid fertilizers.

Claims (5)

1. An installation for the production of liquid fertilizers, containing a reactor, a pipeline system, a heating device, a dispersing device, tanks for water and the finished product, the inlet to the reactor nozzle for the solution is made with a cone-shaped nozzle tip located tangentially relative to the reactor wall, characterized in that the reactor is connected in series with the disperser device and two parallel-mounted boilers by a pipeline, made with the possibility of ensuring their simultaneous and alternate operation, the outlet of the boilers is connected by a pipeline with the volume of the reactor through its side wall, to which it is mounted tangentially relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the reactor and its side wall, with on the opposite side of the reactor to its side wall, a pipeline is mounted tangentially relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the reactor and its side wall, directing part of the solution from the dispersing device along a separate closed loop uru into the internal volume of the reactor with the possibility of increasing the speed of turbulent flows of the solution inside the reactor, while the directions of the tangentially mounted pipelines in the reactor coincide. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor is made cylindrical, the lower part of which is made conical with the possibility of providing a turbulent flow of liquid during its circulation. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation additionally contains a mechanical filter for cleaning the solution, mounted in front of the tank for the finished product. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipelines are equipped with valves. 5. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor, dispersing device, boilers and fuel tank with pipelines connecting them, equipped with valves, are mounted on a single mobile wheeled platform with the possibility of transporting the installation directly to the place of production of liquid fertilizers.

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