RU2781598C1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be used in tubular heat exchangers. In the heat exchanger containing a vertical body with a bundle of tubular screens installed vertically around the central manifold and bent in the cross section of the body in one direction in the direction from the central manifold to the body with the formation of inter-shield openings, the tubular screens are made with transverse and longitudinal pipe sections. Moreover, each screen has longitudinal sections of pipes on the side of the body, which form peripheral openings with the latter. Longitudinal sections of pipes from the side of the collector form technological gaps with it. In this case, each peripheral opening is divided by transverse partitions into bypass compartments arranged in tiers, closed from the side of the corresponding interscreen opening by means of a longitudinal partition. At the same time, the longitudinal sections of the pipes, which form peripheral openings with the body and are located relative to the collector with the formation of technological gaps, are made with external transverse ribs.

EFFECT: intensification of heat transfer in the annular space, increase in heat exchanger capacity with the same overall dimensions.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to nuclear power engineering and can be used in the design of pipe systems of separators-superheaters of turbine plants of nuclear power plants, as well as in the design of air heat exchangers for emergency cooling systems and passive heat removal of reactor plants.

State of the art

Known heat exchanger (analogue), containing a vertical body with a bundle of tubular screens installed vertically around the Central collector and bent in the cross section of the body in one direction in the direction from the Central collector to the body with the formation of mezhshirmoma openings, and the tubular screens are made of U-shaped heat exchange tubes with longitudinal sections of pipes located on the side of the body, forming peripheral openings with it, which are separated by horizontal partitions into bypass compartments located in tiers, closed from the side of the corresponding inter-shield opening by means of a vertical partition (RU 2341750 C1, IPC F28D 7/06, 12/20/2008).

The disadvantages of the analog are the increased dimensions and metal content of the heat exchanger, due to the use of U-shaped heat exchange tubes, which complicates the transportation and installation of the heat exchanger.

Closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of technical essence and the achieved technical result is a heat exchanger containing a vertical housing with a bundle of tubular screens installed vertically around the central manifold and bent in the cross section of the housing in one direction in the direction from the central manifold to the housing with the formation of interscreen openings, moreover, the tubular screens are made with transverse and longitudinal sections of pipes, the latter of which are located alternately on the side of the body and the collector, while each screen has longitudinal sections of pipes on the side of the body, which form a peripheral opening with the latter, and the longitudinal sections on the side of the collector, the closest to it, located relative to it with the formation of technological gaps (Study of the operating conditions of the emergency cooling air heat exchanger / A.M. Besedin, A.Yu. Smolin, A.S. Shamarokov, S.B. Kravets, A.S. Mirzaliev // Global Nuclear Safety .ek operation of nuclear facilities. 2017. No. 1 (22). pp. 68-77).

The described heat exchanger is taken as a prototype of the invention.

The disadvantage of the heat exchanger, adopted as a prototype of the invention, is the presence of the above peripheral openings and technological gaps, since they (openings and gaps) are formed by smooth longitudinal sections of pipes, therefore they have little hydraulic resistance and pass through themselves part of the annulus medium at high speeds. . This reduces the flow rate of the medium and the intensity of heat transfer in the area of the annular space with a transverse flow around the pipes, reduces the power of the heat exchanger, taken as a prototype of the invention, increases its overall dimensions and weight.

Disclosure of invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to reduce the flow rate of the annulus medium through the above peripheral openings and technological gaps, which leads to an increase in consumption and intensification of heat transfer in the annular space and provides an increase in the heat exchanger power at the same overall dimensions and a decrease in the mass of the heat exchanger attributable to per unit of power.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of heat transfer due to peripheral openings and technological gaps formed by smooth longitudinal sections of pipes.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved in that a heat exchanger is proposed, containing a vertical housing with a bundle of tubular screens installed vertically around the central manifold and bent in the cross section of the housing in one direction in the direction from the central manifold to the housing with the formation of inter-shield openings, moreover, the tubular screens are made with transverse and longitudinal sections of pipes, the latter of which are located alternately on the side of the body and the collector, while each screen has longitudinal sections of pipes on the side of the body, which form peripheral openings with the latter, at least part of the longitudinal sections of pipes located on the side of the body, form peripheral openings with the latter, and the longitudinal sections on the side of the collector, closest to it, are located relative to it with the formation of technological gaps, in addition, each peripheral opening is divided by transverse partitions into tiered bypass from sections closed from the side of the corresponding interscreen opening by means of a longitudinal partition, while the longitudinal sections of the pipes, forming peripheral openings with the body and located relative to the collector with the formation of technological gaps, are made with external transverse ribs.

In addition, the transverse pipe sections can also be provided with external transverse fins.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the fact that:

intensification of heat transfer in the annular space provides an increase in the power of the heat exchanger with the same overall dimensions and a decrease in the mass of the heat exchanger per unit of its power;

the implementation of the transverse pipe sections with external transverse finning further increases the power of the heat exchanger with the same overall dimensions;

the division of each peripheral opening by transverse partitions into bypass compartments arranged in tiers, closed from the side of the corresponding inter-shield opening by a longitudinal partition, as well as the execution of longitudinal sections of pipes that form peripheral openings with the body and are located relative to the collector by the formation of technological gaps, with external transverse finning leads to an increase in hydraulic resistance peripheral openings and technological gaps, which increases the flow rate of the medium and intensifies.

Brief description of the drawings

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

in fig. 1 shows a general view of the heat exchanger, the numbers indicate:

1 - vertical body;

2 - tubular screens;

3 - central collector;

12 - technological gaps

15 - transverse partition of the central manifold

16 - distributing upper chamber of the collector

17 - collecting the lower chamber of the collector

18 - supply pipeline

19 - outlet pipeline

in fig. 2 shows a section A-A of Fig. 1 the numbers indicate:

4 - interscreen openings;

7 - longitudinal sections of pipes;

8 - peripheral openings;

12 - technological gaps

in fig. 3 shows the outer and inner tubes of the screen, the numbers indicate:

5 - transverse pipe sections;

6 - longitudinal sections of pipes

7 - longitudinal sections of pipes;

13 - outer transverse finning

14 - outer transverse finning

20 - external transverse ribbing of transverse sections of pipes

in fig. 4 - node I from FIG. 2

the numbers are:

6 - longitudinal sections of pipes;

8 - peripheral openings;

11 - longitudinal partition

in fig. 5 - node II from FIG. 1 the numbers indicate:

6 - longitudinal sections of pipes;

9 - transverse partitions;

10 - bypass compartments;

13 - outer transverse finning

Implementation of the invention

Below is an example of a specific implementation of the device, which does not limit the options for its execution.

The heat exchanger contains a vertical body 1 with a bundle of tubular screens 2 installed vertically around the central collector 3 and bent in the cross section of the body 1 in one direction in the direction from the central collector 3 to the body 1 with the formation of openings between the screens 4.

Each tubular screen 2 is made with transverse pipe sections 5 and longitudinal pipe sections 6 and 7. Longitudinal sections 6 and 7 of the pipes are located alternately on the side of the body 1 and the collector 3, respectively, while each screen has longitudinal sections of pipes 6 on the side of the body, which form peripheral openings 8 with the latter.

Each peripheral opening 8 is divided by transverse partitions 9 into bypass compartments 10 arranged in tiers, closed from the side of the corresponding interscreen opening 4 by means of a longitudinal partition 11.

Longitudinal sections 7 of pipes located on the side of the collector 3, closest to it, are installed relative to it with the formation of technological gaps 12.

Longitudinal sections 6 of pipes forming peripheral openings 8 with body 1, and longitudinal sections 7 of pipes located relative to collector 3 with formation of technological gaps 12, are made with external transverse ribbing 13 and 14, respectively.

The central collector 3 is divided by a transverse partition 15 into a distributing upper chamber 16 and a collecting lower chamber 17. The distributing upper chamber 16 is connected to the inlet ends of the pipes of the screens 2 and is connected to the inlet pipeline 18, and the collecting lower chamber 17 is connected to the outlet ends of the pipes of the screens 2 and to outlet pipeline 19.

The transverse sections 5 of the pipes are made with external transverse ribs 20.

The body cavity 1 is included in the annulus medium tract, which washes the bundle of tubular screens 2 in the upward direction.

The heat exchanger when used as a superheater of the turbine works as follows.

The coolant (heating water vapor) from the pipeline 18 enters the distribution chamber 16 of the collector 3, then it is distributed through the heat exchange tubes of the screens 2. When passing through the heat exchange tubes of the screens 2, the heat carrier condenses, giving off heat to the annulus medium (heated steam). The condensate is collected in the lower chamber 17 of the collector 3 and is then discharged by pipeline 19 from the heat exchanger.

In the peripheral openings 8, each of the peripheral flows of heated steam, after meeting with the transverse partition 9, is thrown onto the ribbed longitudinal sections 6 of the pipes, passes between the pipes 6, rises up and after the partition 9, returns to the peripheral opening 8, rises to the partition 9 of the upper tier, which again discards the peripheral flow of steam on the finned longitudinal sections 6 of the pipes. As a result, the hydraulic resistance of the peripheral openings 8 increases, in which the steam flow is therefore reduced.

The flow of heated steam through technological gaps 12 is also reduced, since the longitudinal sections 7 of the pipes are made with external transverse ribs 14, which increases the hydraulic resistance in this area.

Reducing the consumption of heated steam through the peripheral openings 8 and technological gaps 12 increases the flow rate and intensifies heat transfer in the annulus of the heat exchanger.

The use of such a heat exchanger as an intermediate superheater of a turbine plant leads to an increase in the temperature of the superheated steam and, accordingly, to an increase in the efficiency of the turbine plant.

Claims (2)

1. A heat exchanger containing a vertical body with a bundle of tubular screens installed vertically around the central manifold and bent in the cross section of the body in one direction in the direction from the central manifold to the body with the formation of openings between the screens, moreover, the tubular screens are made with transverse and longitudinal pipe sections, the latter of which are located alternately on the side of the body and the collector, while each screen has longitudinal sections of pipes on the side of the body, which form peripheral openings with the latter, and the longitudinal sections of the pipes on the side of the collector, closest to it, are located relative to it with the formation of technological gaps, characterized in that each peripheral opening is divided by transverse partitions into bypass compartments arranged in tiers, closed from the side of the corresponding inter-shield opening by means of a longitudinal partition, while the longitudinal pipe sections forming peripheral openings with the body and located connected relative to the collector with the formation of technological gaps, are made with external transverse ribs. 2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse sections of the pipes are made with external transverse fins.

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