RU2781529C2 - Device for production of solid fuel from biomass and method for production of solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the production of solid fuel from biomass. A device for the production of solid fuel from biomass is proposed, including: a carbonation furnace for carbonation of a formed biomass block to obtain a product of solid fuel from biomass; an output calculator for calculation of the output of the product of solid fuel from biomass, and/or a temperature sensor for measurement of a temperature of the carbonation furnace; and an adjuster for adjustment a heat source of the carbonation furnace; wherein the adjuster adjusts the heat source based on the relation between (i) a self-heating characteristic of the product of solid fuel from biomass, obtained after carbonation, and (ii) the output of the product of solid fuel from biomass, and/or the temperature of the carbonation furnace. A method for the production of solid fuel from biomass is also proposed.

EFFECT: production of solid fuel from biomass, which is not subjected to self-heating.

7 cl, 1 tbl, 11 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The present invention relates to a device for producing solid fuel from biomass and to a method for producing solid fuel from biomass.

State of the art

In the past, in Patent Document 1, semi-carbonization (semi-coking) was carried out by heating pressure molding of pulverized (pulverized, pulverized) biomass, and thus a bio-coke having excellent strength was obtained.

Citation list

Patent Literature

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Published No. 4088933

Brief summary of the invention

Technical problem

For a solid fuel, it is important to suppress the generation of heat (self-heating) when handling it, but the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 does not describe the problem of self-heating and the solution to this problem.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problem, and

the purpose of the present invention is to develop a solid biomass fuel in which self-heating is suppressed.

Solution

The present invention is characterized in that the apparatus includes: a carbonizing furnace for carbonizing a molded biomass block to produce a solid fuel from the biomass; yield calculator for calculating the yield of solid fuel from biomass and/or temperature sensor for measuring carbonization furnace temperature; and a regulator for controlling the heat source of the carbonization furnace; where the controller controls the heat source based on the relationship between (i) the self-heating characteristic of the solid biomass fuel and (ii) the output and/or temperature of the carbonization furnace.

Benefits of the Invention

According to the present invention, a biomass solid fuel in which self-heating is suppressed has been developed.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a process flow diagram illustrating a process for obtaining a product from a biomass feedstock using the apparatus for producing solid fuels of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the system configuration of the manufacturing device of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between self-heating performance and solid fuel yield when rubber wood is used as a raw material.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between self-heating performance and solid fuel yield when acacia is used as a raw material.

Figure 5 is a graph showing the relationship between self-heating performance and solid fuel yield when wood from the Dipterocarpaceae species is used as a raw material.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the relationship between self-heating performance and solid fuel yield when Pinus radiata pine is used as a raw material.

Figure 7A is a graph showing the relationship between self-heating performance and solid fuel yield when a mixture of larch, spruce and birch is used as the starting material.

Figure 7B is a graph showing the relationship between self-heating performance and solid fuel yield when a mixture of spruce, pine and fir is used as the raw material.

Figure 8 is a process control diagram of Embodiment 1.

Figure 9 is a process control diagram of Embodiment 2.

Figure 10 is a process control diagram of Embodiment 3.

Description of Embodiments

Embodiments

General configuration

Figure 1 shows a process flow diagram for producing solid fuel from biomass feedstock (hereinafter referred to as PBT), which is optionally a graded and chilled product. The biomass raw material is crushed and pulverized (pulverized) in step 110, and then shaped into granules in the molding step 120 (hereinafter referred to as WP), and subsequently heated in the heating step 130. No binder material is added in the molding step 120 , such as a binder, and molding is carried out simply by compressing and pressing the powdered biomass. The solid biomass fuel (hereinafter referred to as PBT) obtained after the heating step 130 becomes a product that can be classified and cooled at the step 140 if necessary.

The molded unheated biomass product (White granule: hereinafter referred to as WP), which is obtained immediately after passing through the molding step 120, has low strength and is easily broken during handling because the pulverized biomass is simply molded under pressure. In addition, it swells and collapses as a result of the absorption of water.

Therefore, in the present invention, the molded biomass product (WP) is heated from 150 to 400°C (low temperature carbonization) in the heating step 130 (rotary kiln 2) to obtain a biomass solid fuel having strength and water resistance while maintaining the shape of the molded product (Granulation before drying: hereinafter referred to as PBT). For the above crushing and powdering step 110, the molding step 120 and the heating step 130, the biomass solid fuel production steps described in International Application No. PCT/JP2015/78552 can be used.

Figure 2 is a diagram of the configuration of one embodiment of the system for the heating stage 130. The device for producing solid fuel from biomass of the present invention includes a hopper 1, a rotary kiln 2 as a carbonization furnace, and a regulator 3. WP stored in the hopper 1 , enters the rotary kiln 2 and is heated to produce PBT (solid biomass fuel). The resulting PBT is transported using conveyor 5.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the rotary kiln 2 is an external heating type kiln, wherein the heated gas from the external heat source 6 enters from the inlet 21 on the outside of the kiln body 20 and exits from the outlet 22, and thus indirect heating takes place. . The controller 3 controls the external heat source 6 to properly change the temperature of the heated gas in the inlet 21 (heated gas inlet temperature Tgin) and regulates the temperature of the rotary kiln 2. The rotary kiln shown in Figure 2 has a countercurrent system in which the flow of the heated object ( PBT) and the heated gas flow are directed opposite to each other. However, a once-through system can also be used. The oxygen concentration in the rotary kiln 2 is controlled to 10% or less.

A raw material quantity measuring instrument 31 measuring the raw material quantity V1 WP is provided upstream of the rotary kiln 2, and a product quantity measuring instrument 32 measuring the product quantity V2 of the PBT product is provided downstream of the rotary kiln 2. Measured quantity V1 the raw material WP and the product quantity V2 PBT are output to the controller 3, and the yield calculator 3a calculates the yield Y in the rotary kiln 2 (heating step 130). In the present invention, yield Y means yield of solids (equal to mass yield).

The amount V1 of the raw material WP and the amount V2 of the product PBT can be determined by calculation using the bulk density WP and PBT measured in advance and the change in volume over a given time, or can be determined by measuring the mass of the solid fuel. The raw material measuring instrument 31 and the product measuring instrument 32 may be appropriately changed according to respective methods.

A temperature sensor 41 is provided inside the body 20 of the rotary kiln 2 for measuring the temperature T1 inside the rotary kiln. A temperature sensor 42 is provided at the outlet of the rotary kiln 2 for the purpose of measuring the temperature T2 at the outlet of the rotary kiln (that is, the temperature of the PBT immediately after its production). The values T1 as well as T2 are output to the controller 3. In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 can be determined based on only one value of the temperature T1 inside the rotary kiln and the temperature T2 at the outlet of the rotary kiln. When using a single temperature T1 inside the rotary kiln, the temperature sensor 42 may be omitted from the industrial device. When using only the outlet temperature T2 of the rotary kiln, the temperature sensor 41 may be omitted from the industrial device.

The controller 3 regulates the temperature of the heated gas at the inlet 21 (temperature of the incoming heated gas). A well-known method for controlling the temperature of the heated gas is used. In this method, the inlet heated gas temperature Tgin is controlled based on at least one parameter selected from outlet Y, temperature T1, and temperature T2. In Embodiment 1 described below, regulation is performed based on output Y. In Embodiment 2, regulation is performed based on temperature(s) T1 and/or T2. In Embodiment 3, the regulation is based on (i) output Y and (ii) temperature T1 and/or T2.

Adjustment of the self-heating characteristic

When handling solid fuels, it is necessary to solve the problem of reducing heat generation (self-heating) during storage and transportation. As an indicator of self-heating performance, the self-heating performance test described in "UNITED NATIONS Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS: Manual of Test and Criteria: 5 ^th revised Edition: Test method for Self-heating substances" is known. Tests and Criteria: 5th revised edition: Test method for self-heating substances), and details for solid fuels are given below.

The sample is loaded into a stainless steel container (cube with a side length of 100 mm) and the container is hung inside an oven at a temperature of 140 °C, and the temperature of the material is measured continuously for 24 hours. The highest temperature of a solid fuel is defined as the “maximum achievable temperature”. A material that ignites or exhibits a temperature rise of 200°C or more is defined as a self-heating material.

The self-heating performance of the biomass solid fuel can be controlled by adjusting the output Y and/or the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 to be within a predetermined range, as described in the following embodiments 1 to 3.

Embodiment 1: output control

Figures 3 to 7B and Table 1 below show the relationship between the maximum achievable sample temperature when performing the above self-heating performance test, and Y yield (also referred to as "Y solid Y yield") for PBT using as raw material various biomasses. Yield Y is the value calculated by the formula (100 × dry weight after heating / dry weight before heating) (%). Figure 3 shows the relationship between solids yield and the maximum achievable PBT temperature using rubber wood as a starting material.

Evaluation based on these indicators shows a certain relationship between the Y yield and the self-heating performance (temperature rise in the above test) of PBT. For example, in Figure 3 and Table 1, when the output Y is equal to or exceeds the lower limit of the Ymin value (more than about 76.8% and 83.4% or less), the maximum achievable temperature in the self-heating performance test is reduced to less than 200°C.

Thus, it is possible to obtain a PBT having a lower self-heating temperature by setting the lower limit value Ymin of the output Y as a predetermined threshold value and adjusting the temperature of the heated gas so that the output Y is equal to or greater than this lower limit value Ymin. Since the output Y decreases with increasing temperature of the rotary kiln 2 (heating step 130), it is determined that the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is too high if the output Y is smaller than the lower limit value. Therefore, it is decided that the temperature of the heated gas at the inlet Tgin should be reduced.

In addition, Table 1 below shows the relationship between the temperature increase caused by self-heating of solid fuels and the amount of volatile matter (in dry ash-free mass) in solid fuels. In other words, when the volatile content (dry ashless mass) of the solid fuel is low, the maximum achievable temperature in the self-heating performance test becomes higher, indicating that the self-heating effect is increasing. Therefore, when choosing the Ymin value, the amount of volatile matter (in dry ash-free mass) can be taken into account.

On the other hand, an excessively high output value of Y means that the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is low, and therefore the carbonization of PBT becomes insufficient, leading to problems such as strength, water resistance, and pollution of waste water during storage of PBT (see the above PCT application /JP2015/78552). Therefore, the upper limit of the value Ymax of the outlet Y is set in advance, and if the value of Y exceeds Ymax, a decision is made to increase the temperature of the heated gas at the inlet, that is, the temperature Tgin.

In one embodiment, Ymax can be determined based on water resistance when the solid fuel is immersed in water (regardless of whether the pellet shape can be maintained or not when immersed in water). Solid fuel that cannot retain its pellet shape after being immersed in water may be destroyed by rainwater or the like when the fuel is stored outdoors, resulting in handling problems. Thus, it is preferable that the solid fuel retains its pellet shape, even when the solid fuel is immersed in water. As shown in Table 1 below, in the case where the yield of Y is too high (that is, the heating temperature in the production of PBT is too low), the mutual bonding or adhesion between the powdered biomass particles cannot be maintained, and the granule is destroyed when immersed in solid fuel water. Therefore, the value of Ymax can be determined in such a way that, at maximum output, the solid fuel does not break down when immersed in water (in other words, the solid fuel is water resistant). In addition, the value of Ymax can be determined taking into account the value of mechanical durability after immersion in water of solid fuel. If the output exceeds the Ymax value, then the temperature of the heated gas at the inlet Tgin rises, and thus a solid biomass fuel with improved water resistance can be obtained.

The Ymax value for PBT may be determined based on chemical oxygen demand (COD) when immersed in water and/or Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) or the like, in addition to or instead of the above criteria based on the water resistance of the solid fuel. Chemical oxygen demand means the COD value found in accordance with JIS K0102 (2010)-17 for COD immersion water sample obtained according to Japan Environment Agency Publication No. 13 "(A) Method for detecting metals or the like contained in industrial waste water", 1973. When the output Y is too high (that is, the heating temperature in the production of PBT is too low), the COD value becomes high, and thus, during outdoor storage of PBT, problems such as an increase in eluting organic matter including a resinous component by rainwater or the like. Therefore, for example, when the raw material of the biomass is a rubber tree, Ymax can be defined as the maximum yield at a COD value of preferably 1000 mg/l or less. If the yield exceeds the Ymax value, then it is decided that the temperature of the heated gas at the inlet Tgin should be increased, and thus a solid biomass fuel with a reduced COD value can be obtained.

In some cases, for example, when a solid fuel is produced using acacia or Pinus radiata as a starting material, as shown in Table 1 below, when the heating temperature is relatively low, COD may increase during heating. This is presumably because the tar component in the raw material does not undergo evaporation due to the relatively low heating temperature, and the tar component is more easily eluted due to the decomposition of cellulose and the like by carbonization.

The Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) complies with JIS M 8801, with a higher solid fuel index indicating better grindability. When the Y yield is too high (in other words, the heating temperature in PBT production is too low), the HGI index becomes small, which may make it difficult to use the material as a fuel. Therefore, when the starting material of the biomass is, for example, a rubber tree, Ymax can be defined as the maximum yield with a preferred HGI value of 20 or more. If the output exceeds the Ymax value, then it is decided that the temperature of the heated gas at the inlet Tgin should be increased, and thus a solid biomass fuel with an increased HGI index can be obtained.

As described above, by adjusting the temperature of the heated inlet gas Tgin so that it is in the range of Ymin ≤ Y ≤ Ymax, it is possible to obtain a PBT fuel having desirable properties.

Figures 4-7B show the relationship between solids yield and maximum achievable PBT temperature using the following starting materials, respectively. The starting material used is acacia for Figure 4, wood belonging to the species Dipterocarpaceae for Figure 5, Pinus radiata pine for Figure 6, a mixture of 50 wt.% larch, 45 wt.% spruce and 5 wt.% birch for Figure 7A, and a mixture 30 wt.% spruce, 45 wt.% pine and 25 wt.% fir for Figure 7B. Similarly, in the case of these starting materials, when the yield Y was equal to or greater than the set value, the maximum achievable temperature in the self-heating performance test was reduced to less than 200 °C. Thus, similar to the case in Figure 3, where rubber wood is used as the raw material, it is possible to reduce the self-heating index of PBT by adjusting the set value of the lower limit value Ymin for the output Y. The upper limit value of the output Y is determined, for example, based on the immersion water resistance PBT to water, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) when immersed in water, and/or HGI (Hardgrove Grindability Index) of PBT fuel and the like, when considering the strength and water resistance of PBT, waste water contamination and the like, as in the case of rubber tree. In the same way, in the case of using a biomass starting material different from those considered, appropriate control can be carried out using the relationship between the yield and the maximum achievable temperature.

Figure 8 is a flow control diagram of Embodiment 1. In the first embodiment, temperature control of the rotary kiln 2 is performed based on the output Y of PBT fuel as described above.

In step S11, the yield Y is calculated.

In step S12, it is determined whether the calculated output Y is less than the value of the lower limit Ymin. If the answer is Yes, then the output Y is low and the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered too high, and thus it is decided that the hot gas inlet temperature Tgin should be lowered in step S16. If the answer is No (negative), then the flow is directed to step S13.

In step S13, it is determined whether the output Y is greater than the upper limit value Ymax. If the answer is Yes, then the output Y is high, the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered too low, and thus it is decided that the temperature of the heated gas at the inlet Tgin should be raised in step S14. If the answer is No, this corresponds to the condition Ymin ≤ Y ≤ Ymax, and the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered suitable, and thus, in step S15, the heated inlet gas temperature Tgin is maintained.

The flow in the first embodiment may be carried out intermittently and repeatedly, as in the case of known automatic control, or may be repeated if necessary.

Embodiment 2: Temperature control in carbonization furnace

Table 1 lists the output of PBT, the heating temperature in the heating step 130, the maximum achievable temperature in the self-heating performance test, and the like for various biomasses as starting material.

Table 1

*dry: dry

**daf: dry ashless mass

In Table 1, the mechanical durability (DU) after immersion in water is determined based on the following equation, in accordance with the US Agricultural Standard, ASAE S 269.4, and the German Standard for each solid fuel immersed in water for 168 hours.

DU = (m1 / m0) × 100

In this equation, m0 is the mass of the sample before rotation, m1 is the mass of the sample on the sieve after rotation, where a sieve plate having round holes with a diameter of 3.15 mm is used. The term "destroyed" in the Table means a state in which the solid biomass fuel pellets are destroyed because the mutual bonding or adhesion between the powdered biomass particles cannot be maintained due to immersion in water, and the measurement of mechanical durability becomes impossible. .

From Table 1, since the temperature T of the rotary kiln 2 (heating temperature in the heating stage 130) correlates with the self-heating characteristic (and output Y) of PBT, that in Embodiment 2, the control is based on the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 (in one aspect, internal temperature T1 of the rotary kiln). As the temperature of the rotary kiln 2, the outlet temperature of the rotary kiln T2 or both T1 and T2 can be used. With the simultaneous use of T1 and T2, their average value can be used.

Specifically, the highest temperature among the heating temperatures T1, where the self-heating characteristic is lower than 200°C, is set in advance as Tmax. For example, in the case of rubber wood, when the heating temperature is 250°C or lower, the self-heating characteristic is suppressed to less than 200°C, and therefore control is carried out at Tmax = 250°C. On the other hand, when the heating temperature T1 is too low, problems such as strength and water resistance of PBT and pollution of waste water occur, as described above. Therefore, the value of the lower limit Tmin for the heating temperature T1 is set in advance (for example, Tmin =200 °C for rubber wood), and the regulation is carried out so that the condition Tmin ≤ T1 ≤ Tmax is fulfilled. For example, Tmin may be the lowest temperature among heating temperatures resulting in a PBT fuel that does not break down when immersed in water and is water resistant. In addition, a measure of mechanical durability after immersion in water can be taken into account. Alternatively, Tmin can be determined based on COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) when immersed in water and/or HGI (Grinability Index) PBT. For example, when the biomass starting material is a rubber tree, Tmin may be the lowest temperature among the temperatures T1 at which the COD value is preferably 1000 mg/L or less. Alternatively, when the starting material biomass is a rubber tree, Tmin is the lowest temperature among the temperatures T1 at which the HGI is preferably 20 or more. Embodiment 2 will be described using the internal temperature T1 of the rotary kiln, but the outlet temperature T2 of the rotary kiln may be used instead, or T1 and T2 may be used together if appropriate.

Figure 9 is a control diagram for the second embodiment of the process.

In step S21, the temperature T1 inside the rotary kiln is measured.

In step S22, it is determined whether T1 is less than the lower limit value Tmin. If the answer is Yes, then the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is too low, and thus it is decided that the temperature of the heated inlet gas Tgin should be raised in step S26. If the answer is No, then the flow is directed to step S23.

In step S23, it is determined whether T1 is greater than the upper limit value Tmax. If the answer is Yes, then the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered to be too high, and thus it is decided that the hot gas inlet temperature Tgin should be lowered in step S24. If the answer is No, it satisfies the condition Tmin ≤ T1 ≤ Tmax, the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is appropriate, and thus the hot gas inlet temperature Tgin is maintained in step S25.

The flow in the second embodiment can be carried out intermittently and repeatedly, as in the case of known automatic control, and can be repeated if necessary.

Embodiment 3: Output and temperature control

Figure 10 is a process control diagram of the third embodiment. In this embodiment, high-precision control is performed using the output as well as the temperature of the rotary kiln 2. Although Figure 10 describes using the internal temperature T1 of the rotary kiln in the same manner as in the second embodiment, the outlet temperature T2 of rotary kiln, or T1 as well as T2 can be appropriately used. With the simultaneous use of T1 and T2, their average value can be used. In Embodiment 3, the upper limit value Ymax and the lower limit value Ymin of the output Y can be determined in the same manner as in Embodiment 1, and the upper limit temperature value Tmax and the lower limit temperature Tmin can be determined in the same manner as in Embodiment 1 2. These values are preset in the controller of the biomass solid fuel generator.

In step S31, the output Y is calculated.

In step S32, it is determined whether the calculated output Y is less than the value of the lower limit Ymin. If the answer is Yes, then the output Y is low and the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is too high, and thus it is decided that the temperature of the heated inlet gas Tgin should be lowered in step S39. If the answer is No, then the flow is directed to step S33.

In step S33, it is determined whether the output Y is greater than the upper limit value Ymax. If the answer is Yes, then the output Y is high and the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered too low, and thus it is decided that the temperature of the heated inlet gas Tgin should be raised in step S37. If the answer is No, it corresponds to the condition Ymin ≤ Y ≤ Ymax, and the output Y is in the appropriate range, but in order to carry out regulation based on the internal temperature T1 of the rotary kiln, the flow is directed to step S34.

In step S34, the internal temperature T1 of the furnace is measured.

In step S35, it is determined whether T1 is less than the lower limit value Tmin. If the answer is Yes, then the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered too low, and thus it is decided that the temperature of the heated inlet gas Tgin should be raised in step S37. If the answer is No, then the flow is directed to step S36.

In step S36, it is determined whether T1 is greater than the upper limit of the Tmax value. If the answer is Yes, then the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered too high, and thus it is decided that the temperature of the heated inlet gas Tgin should be lowered in step S39. If the answer is No, this corresponds to the condition Tmin≤ T1 ≤ Tmax, and the temperature of the rotary kiln 2 is considered suitable, and thus, in step S38, the heated inlet gas temperature Tgin is maintained.

As described above, in Embodiment 3, even if the output Y is in a suitable range, the heated inlet gas temperature Tgin can be controlled when the internal temperature T1 of the rotary kiln is not in a suitable range, and thus the control accuracy is improved.

The flow in the third embodiment can be carried out intermittently and repeatedly, as in the case of known automatic control, and can be repeated if necessary.

Achieved results

The preferred embodiments of the present invention and their results will be described. In addition, it is preferable to combine a plurality of embodiments from the following items (1) to (6).

(1) A device for producing solid fuel from biomass includes:

a carbonizing furnace (rotary kiln 2) for carbonizing the molded biomass block to produce solid fuel from the biomass; output calculator 3a for calculating the yield Y of solid biomass fuel and/or temperature sensors 41 and 42 for measuring the temperature of the carbonization furnace (T1, T2); and a controller 3 for regulating the heat source 6 of the carbonization furnace; and

the controller 3 controls the heat source based on the relationship between (i) the self-heating characteristic of the biomass solid fuel and (ii) the output Y and/or the temperature of the carbonization furnace T1 (which may be T2 or both temperatures T1 and T2).

As a result, it is possible to obtain a good fuel in which self-heating is suppressed.

(2) Controller 3 stores the lower limit value Ymin of the output Y, and when the output is less than the lower limit value Ymin, the controller lowers the temperature of the heat source (hot gas inlet temperature Tgin). Since there is a strict relationship between the output and the self-heating performance, the lower limit value of the output at which the self-heating performance becomes a desired value or less is set in advance, and thus efficient production is possible by controlling the temperature of the heat source based on the lower limit value.

(3) In controller 3, the carbonization furnace upper limit temperature Tmax setpoint is stored, and when the carbonization furnace temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature Tmax, it is decided that the heat source temperature should be lowered. Because there is a strict relationship between the self-heating performance and the temperature of the carbonizing furnace, the upper temperature limit of the carbonizing furnace at which the self-heating performance becomes the desired value or less is set in advance, and thus efficient production is possible by controlling the heat source temperature based on the upper temperature limit. .

(4) In controller 3, the set value of the upper limit value Ymax of the output Y is stored, and when the output Y exceeds the upper limit value Ymax, it is decided that the temperature of the heat source should be increased. If the yield is excessively high, the performance of the PBT (strength, water resistance, waste water contamination, and the like) deteriorates. Therefore, the desired PBT fuel can be obtained by setting the upper limit value Ymax.

(5) Controller 3 stores the carbonization furnace lower limit temperature Tmin set value, and when the carbonization furnace temperature is less than the carbonization furnace lower limit temperature Tmin, it is decided that the heat source temperature should be increased. If the temperature of the carbonization furnace is low, the performance of PBT (strength, water resistance, waste water pollution, and the like) deteriorates. Therefore, the desired PBT fuel can be obtained by setting a lower temperature limit Tmin.

(6) The temperature sensors 41 and 42 respectively measure the temperature inside the carbonization furnace T1 and the temperature at the outlet of the carbonization furnace T2.

The control capacity can be improved using the temperature inside the carbonization furnace (furnace internal temperature) T1 and/or the temperature (furnace outlet temperature) T2. The temperature inside the carbonization furnace T1 has the advantage of accuracy, and the outlet temperature T2 has the advantage that the temperature of the biomass solid fuel can be measured directly, and good control performance can be achieved with the appropriate use of each of the temperatures or a combination thereof. For example, regulation may be performed based on the average of T1 and T2.

Explanation of positions in the drawings

2 rotary oven

3 regulator

3a output calculator

6 heat source

41, 42 temperature sensors.

Claims (20)

1. A device for producing solid fuel from biomass, including: a carbonization furnace for carbonizing the molded biomass block to obtain a solid fuel product from the biomass; an output calculator for calculating the output of a solid fuel product from biomass and/or a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the carbonization furnace; and a controller for adjusting a heat source of the carbonization furnace; and the controller controls the heat source based on the relationship between (i) the self-heating performance of the solid biomass fuel product obtained after carbonization and (ii) the output of the solid biomass fuel product and/or the temperature of the carbonization furnace. 2. A device for producing solid fuel from biomass according to claim 1, where the controller stores the set value for the lower limit of the output of the solid fuel product from the biomass, and when the yield of solid biomass fuel product calculated by the yield calculator is less than the lower limit value, the controller reduces the temperature of the heat source. 3. A device for producing solid fuel from biomass according to claim 1 or 2, where the controller stores the set value for the carbonization furnace upper temperature limit, and when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor exceeds the upper temperature limit, the controller reduces the temperature of the heat source. 4. A device for producing solid fuel from biomass according to claim 2 or 3, where the controller stores the high output limit setpoint, and when the output calculated by the output calculator is greater than the upper limit value, the controller increases the temperature of the heat source. 5. A device for producing solid fuel from biomass according to claim 3 or 4, where the controller stores the set value for the lower temperature limit of the carbonization furnace, and when the carbonization furnace temperature is less than the lower temperature limit value, the controller raises the temperature of the heat source. 6. Device for producing solid fuels from biomass according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, in which the temperature sensor measures the temperature inside the carbonization furnace and/or the temperature at the outlet of the carbonization furnace. 7. A method for carbonizing a molded biomass block in a carbonization furnace to produce a solid biomass fuel product, wherein the heat source of the carbonization furnace is controlled based on the relationship between (i) the self-heating performance of the solid biomass fuel product obtained after carbonization and (ii) the yield of the solid biomass product. biomass fuel and/or carbonization furnace temperature.

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