RU2780697C1 - Outboard motor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, namely to a propulsion device. The outboard motor includes an engine interacting with the speed change mechanism, a drive shaft located in the inner space of the sternwood, connecting the speed change mechanism with the propeller drive, a bracket connected to the sternwood on the one hand, and on the other hand to the movable plate, which configured to be driven by an associated outboard motor height adjustment mechanism. The speed change mechanism and the outboard motor height change mechanism communicate with each other synchronously through an electronic control unit to change the height of the outboard motor depending on the propeller speed. The maximum propeller RPM corresponds to the highest position of the height change mechanism and, accordingly, the maximum position of the outboard motor.

EFFECT: simplification of the synchronization design, increased reliability of the mechanism for changing the speed of rotation of the propeller and the mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor, reducing delays for the speed/altitude change command, simplifying the synchronization settings and the possibility of making adjustments to it.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, namely to a propulsion device, such as an outboard motor, and can be used in water transport to equip small-sized light and medium-sized floating craft with a small displacement, both for special and general purposes.

A propulsion device is known, comprising a propeller, a protective fin-spur and a rudder mounted on a bracket behind the transom of the boat, on board of which the engine is installed (magazine "Boats and Yachts" No. 4, 1991).

The closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical essence is patent RU 16491 U1, 01/10/2001, which discloses an outboard motor containing an engine, a propeller, a propeller drive, a propeller rotation drive and a control device, while also containing a mechanism for changing the speed of rotation of the propeller propeller and a mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor, made with the possibility of changing the height synchronously with changing the speed of rotation of the propeller, and synchronization is provided by a rocking chair, an eccentric with a rod, which are driven by cables.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the synchronization design and the low reliability of the mechanism for changing the speed of rotation of the propeller and the mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor, large delays in the command to change the speed (it is necessary to wait for the change in the position of the hydraulic cylinder), the complexity of setting the synchronization and making adjustments to it.

The main objective of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages of the closest analogue.

The technical result is a simplification of the synchronization design, an increase in the reliability of the mechanism for changing the speed of rotation of the propeller and the mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor, reducing delays for the speed/altitude change command, simplifying the synchronization settings and the possibility of making adjustments to it.

This result is achieved by the design of the outboard motor, which includes an engine that interacts with the speed change mechanism, a drive shaft located in the inner space of the sterndrive, connecting the speed change mechanism with the propeller drive, a bracket connected to the sternwood on one side and to the movable plate on the other. , which is configured to be driven by an associated outboard motor height change mechanism, wherein the speed change mechanism and the outboard motor height change mechanism interact synchronously through an electronic control unit, to change the height of the outboard motor depending on the propeller speed , and the maximum propeller speed corresponds to the maximum upper position of the mechanism for changing the height and, accordingly, the maximum upper position of the outboard motor.

The mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor is made electromechanical or hydraulic or pneumatic.

The mechanism for changing the height is mounted on a fixed plate support.

The electronic control unit is configured to adjust the ratio of changes in the height of the outboard motor depending on the speed of rotation of the propeller.

The electronic control unit may additionally include a module for synchronizing the interaction parameters of the outboard motor units.

The movement of the outboard motor height change mechanism is carried out in steps (step by step) when the propeller reaches the appropriate rotational speeds.

Further, the proposed invention will be discussed in detail, taking into account the illustrations, where figure 1 shows a General view of the outboard motor.

Positions on the drawings:

1 - engine;

2 - speed change mechanism;

3 - drive shaft;

4 - deadwood;

5 - drive;

6 - propeller;

7 - bracket;

8 - movable plate;

9 - height change mechanism;

10 - electronic control unit;

11 - fixed plate.

The outboard motor includes engine 1. Engine 1 is understood as a cylinder-piston unit with a fuel supply and ignition system. The engine 1 cooperates with the speed change mechanism 2. As the speed change mechanism 2, for example, a variator (as shown in Fig. 1), a gearbox and the like speed change mechanisms can be used.

The speed change mechanism 2 interacts (transmits rotation) with the drive shaft 3, which is located in the inner space of the sternwood 4. The drive shaft 3 connects the speed change mechanism 2 with the drive 5 of the propeller 6. The propeller 6 can have a different design, different arrangement and shape of the blades , different number of blades, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, etc.

The device also includes a bracket 7, which is connected to the sternwood 4 on one side, and on the other side to the movable plate 8, which is made with the possibility of setting it in motion, by means of the mechanism for changing the height 9 of the outboard motor associated with it. Bracket 7 by means of a fastening unit, such as a screw clamp (as shown in figure 1), or a bolted connection or other fastening unit, is detachably fixed to the movable plate 8, which, in turn, is installed in the craft, preferably in the corresponding - guides, with the possibility of vertical or inclined-vertical movement of the plate 8.

The mechanism for changing the height 9 of the outboard motor can have a different design, for example, it is made electromechanical (for example, a rack with gear or screw gear) or hydraulic (hydraulic cylinder) or pneumatic (pneumatic cylinder). The height change mechanism 9 is preferably mounted on a support of a fixed plate 11, which has an L-shaped structure, however, it can also be fixed to a watercraft element. The function of the height change mechanism 9 is to act on the plate 8 to raise and lower the outboard motor depending on the rotation speed of the propeller 6. These changes are necessary for the propeller to operate in the partially submerged propeller mode at full speed (for example, 4000 rpm) to unload it and reduce the load on the motor. After gaining speed and reaching the engine at full speed, the aft part of the watercraft deepens, and the height change mechanism 9 acts on the movable plate 8, which raises the motor up, and the propeller 6 starts to operate in the partially submerged propeller mode. When reaching maximum speed, the motor rises to the maximum possible position.

A variant is possible in which the movement of the mechanism for changing the height 9 of the outboard motor is carried out in steps (step by step). When the propeller reaches 6 corresponding rotation speeds, for example, the height of the outboard motor is raised by 0.5 cm with an increase in the rotation speed of the propeller for every 300 rpm. This option further reduces the load on the height change mechanism 9, eliminating the constant height adjustment depending on the minimum changes in the speed of the propeller 6.

The speed change mechanism 2 and the height change mechanism 9 of the outboard motor interact synchronously by means of an electronic control unit 10, to change the height of the outboard motor depending on the speed of rotation of the propeller 6, and the maximum speed of the propeller 6 corresponds to the maximum upper position of the height change mechanism 9 and, accordingly outboard boat motor.

It should be noted that the design features of the electronic control unit 10 are not the subject of this application and, within the framework of this application, it is described in general terms as a node that provides synchronous control of the raising / lowering of the height change mechanism 9 (and, accordingly, the height of the outboard motor) and synchronous speed change rotation of the propeller 6 (by changing the rotation speed of the engine 1 and the speed change mechanism 2).

Preferably, the electronic control unit 10 is configured to correct the ratio of changes in the height of the outboard motor depending on the speed of rotation of the propeller 6, for example, by changing the electronic code (flashing) of the electronic unit 10 or making adjustments to individual controls (relays, toggle switches, etc.) .

The electronic control unit 10 may additionally include a module for synchronizing the interaction parameters of the outboard motor units, that is, the electronic control unit 10 can receive a feedback signal from the elements to which commands are received, for example, a signal about the current speed of rotation of the propeller 6, a signal about the current height of the hydro/ pneumatic cylinder, etc., to adjust these parameters in real time for greater accuracy of their work.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows.

The outboard motor is installed on the boat. Propeller 6 is fully submerged. After starting the outboard motor, the propeller 6 begins to gain momentum. When the engine reaches full (for example, 4000 rpm) revolutions, the height change mechanism 9 acts on the movable plate 8, and raises the outboard motor up to the maximum specified height, providing unloading of the propeller 6 (partially submerged propeller mode) and reducing the load on motor. The speed of the propeller 6 and the height change mechanism 9 are controlled in parallel by the electronic control unit 10, and the maximum speed of the propeller 6 corresponds to the maximum upper position of the height change mechanism 9 and, accordingly, the maximum upper position of the outboard motor.

The proposed invention provides a simplification of the synchronization design and an increase in the reliability of the mechanism for changing the speed of rotation of the propeller and the mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor, due to the exclusion from the known design of mechanical synchronization units that are subject to constant wear, loosening of tension, etc. (eccentrics, cables, rocking chairs, levers etc.) and inclusion in the device of the electronic control unit 10.

Also, these design changes provide a reduction in delays for the speed/height change command, since changes in the parameters of the interaction of nodes are carried out in parallel and synchronously.

In addition, the inclusion in the design of the electronic control unit 10 also provides a simplification of synchronization settings and the possibility of making adjustments to it.

Claims (6)

1. An outboard motor, including an engine that interacts with the speed change mechanism, a drive shaft located in the inner space of the sternwood, connecting the speed change mechanism with the propeller drive, a bracket connected to the sternwood on one side, and to the movable plate on the other, which is configured to be driven by an outboard motor height change mechanism associated with it, characterized in that the speed change mechanism and the outboard motor height change mechanism interact synchronously with each other by means of an electronic control unit, to change the height of the outboard motor depending on the speed of rotation of the propeller propeller, with the maximum propeller speed corresponding to the highest position of the height change mechanism and, accordingly, the maximum position of the outboard motor. 2. The outboard motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor is electromechanical, or hydraulic, or pneumatic. 3. An outboard motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the height change mechanism is mounted on a fixed plate support. 4. The outboard motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic control unit is configured to adjust the ratio of changes in the height of the outboard motor depending on the speed of rotation of the propeller. 5. The outboard motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic control unit may additionally include a module for synchronizing the interaction parameters of the outboard motor units. 6. The outboard motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement of the mechanism for changing the height of the outboard motor is carried out in steps (step by step), when the propeller reaches the appropriate rotational speeds.

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