RU2779163C2 - System for repairment of opl wire, using rotary repairment clamp, and method for implementation of repairment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric power industry.

SUBSTANCE: system for repairment of OPL wire, using a rotary repairment clamp, contains a flight-lifting unit (hereinafter – FLU), a wire repairment unit, and a repairment clamp installed on it. FLU contains means for flight, means for suspension and retention of FLU with the entire system on the wire, a wire repairment unit, as well as means for controlled detachment of the unit from the wire. The wire repairment unit contains supports for retention of the repairment clamp and a drive for rotation of a rotary part of the clamp. The repairment unit is made with the possibility of movement to a damaged section of the wire with a force, and it rests on springs. The repairment clamp contains a rotary casing and a saddle, as well as it is equipped with a gear crown for engagement with the casing rotation drive. To implement repairment, the repairment clamp is installed in an open position on supports of the repairment unit, the system is supplied to a damage site, and FLU is suspended on the wire, the repairment clamp is pressed with a force against the damaged section of the wire, and the clamp is installed on it, the damaged section of the wire is closed by rotation of the clamp casing, fixing the clamp, and an aircraft is removed by movement downwards from the wire, leaving the clamp at the damage site.

EFFECT: increase in the safety by provision of repairment of OPL under voltage without involvement of personnel into dangerous works.

16 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of electric power industry, namely to the repair of wires of overhead power lines (hereinafter referred to as OTL). in particular, steel-aluminum, aluminum or copper uninsulated conductors with damage. Repair is carried out by installing clamps mounted on damaged areas, for example, by crimping (pressing). The inventions can be used for emergency repair or routine maintenance of power transmission lines in case of unraveling of wire strands, damage to its surface under the action of vibrational vibrations, external force effects and other damages. The inventions can also be used to repair the ground wire of the overhead transmission line.

Repair of overhead power lines by installing special connecting clamps for fixing the wire in damaged places helps prevent further damage to the wire with the restoration of the electrical conductivity of the site. In this case, compensation is achieved for the increase in resistance that occurs when the wire strands are damaged.

Currently, the installation of clamps on damage to the wires of high-voltage transmission lines is carried out manually. There are several options for delivering the electrician to the clamp installation site:

- Independently, rising on a support and moving along the wire to the damaged place;

- Use of a car lift;

- Use of an insulating suspension;

- Use of a helicopter;

- Repair with the descent of the wire to the ground.

Without disconnecting the overhead transmission line, installation of a repair clamp can only be done using a helicopter. However, such an operation is extremely dangerous for the life and health of personnel, and also requires significant costs. It is preferable to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for the repair of overhead power lines, allowing the repair process to be carried out without the direct involvement of personnel in work at height and under voltage. The Applicant is not aware of devices that allow the repair of wires by means of UAVs.

To repair the wire, clamps of various configurations are used. The clamps, in particular, are made in the form of semi-pipes intended for mating with each other, each of which has connecting elements on the contact surfaces. Fixation of half-pipes is usually carried out by compression. Most of the known clamps require a sufficiently high accuracy when positioning them relative to each other during installation, which creates significant difficulties when working at height [CN 206991515, CN 202121150, EN 1685991].

Known clip for the repair of overhead power lines [Patent RU 2717105 , prior. 20.02.2019, publ. 03/18/2020, H02G 7/05 (2006.01), H02G 1/14 (2006.01)] solves the problem of mating clamp parts. The clamp consists of an electrically conductive seat and casing. The length of the saddle is greater than the length of the casing, and it is made of a trough-shaped profile. The casing is a hollow cylinder, the section of which is removed in a segment corresponding to the diameter of the wire. The saddle with the outer surface is inserted into the casing with the possibility of movement. When repairing the wire, the casing is turned until the wire is closed. In this case, the wire must be in contact with the inner surfaces of the seat and casing. The clamp is fixed to the wire by crimping and/or pre-applied conductive adhesives or curing agents.

The simple design of the clamp, which does not require small and precise manipulations, makes it preferable for use in the repair of HVTL wires under voltage using a UAV.

The proposed group of inventions provides for the repair of high voltage power lines without involving personnel in hazardous work.

The goal is achieved by creating a UAV-based device using a helicopter-type flight-lifting device, which: delivers a repair clip to the wire damage site, as well as devices for setting the clip on the wire to its original position to repair the damaged area; holds the repair tool until the operation of fixing the clamp on the wire is completed; and upon completion of the repair, the flight-elevating device returns the repair device “to the ground”.

The inventive system of devices for repairing the wire of overhead power lines, contains a flight-lifting unit (LPB), a wire repair unit (repair unit) and a repair clip installed on it to restore the damaged section of the wire. LPB provides delivery of the entire system to the damaged section of the wire and contains means for hanging and holding the unit and the entire system on the wire, as well as means for controlled detachment (disengagement) of the unit from the wire at the end of the repair. A block for repairing the wire (repair block) is installed on the LPB with means for holding the repair clip on the LPB during transportation to the damaged section of the wire and directly on the damaged section of the wire, as well as means for rotating the rotary part of the clamp to cover the damaged section of the wire with it.

Preferably, the repair block is movable vertically towards the damaged section of the wire and pressed against it with a force sufficient to install the clamp on the wire (entry of the wire into the clamp) and rotate (until closed) the rotary part of the clamp. To do this, the repair block rests on springs supported on the LPB platform with the ability of the repair block to move vertically.

The devices included in the system can be implemented, in particular, as described below.

The flight-elevating unit contains a platform on which are installed:

- helicopter-type drives, engine batteries, flight control units that ensure the flight and piloting of the LPB and the entire system to the damaged section of the wire,

- rack-hooks for hanging and hooking the unit with the entire system on the wire in the form of double guides forming a cavity, which contain a mechanism for hooking the wire in the cavity and a mechanism for remotely controlled detachment (disengagement) of the racks from the wire.

The LPB also contains guides installed above the block for orienting the wire during approach and engagement.

The mechanism for engaging and holding the wire in the cavity of the hook post can be made as follows: a U-shaped hook and a hook lever-stopper connected to the spring are installed in the cavity of the hook post, and the hook is rotatable to a position open for inserting the wire into it, and closed wire locking position held by a stop lever. To facilitate the installation of the wire in the U-shaped hook, the hook horn, which turns out to be upper in the closed position of the hook, is made shorter than the second hook horn. With the help of the fixation mechanism, the LPB and the entire system are suspended and held on the wire, which makes it possible to carry out further repairs using the repair unit.

The release (disengagement) mechanism comprises a pusher connected to the stopper lever, at the lower end of which a mechanism for converting the movement of the controlled drive into the movement of the pusher is installed. Preferably, at the lower end of the pusher, a rocker stone is mounted, which is movably located in a drive fork rigidly connected to a movable drive rod connecting the two toe posts. At the same time, a stop is placed on the rod, by which it is connected with a reversible drive for moving the rod, and its end is connected with a return spring. The release mechanism allows you to remotely control the process of removing the LPB and the entire system from the wire by controlling the rod movement drive.

The LPB also contains a mechanism for holding the repair block installed on the flight-lifting block in the lower transport position (controlled engagement), designed to hold the repair block during transportation.

The repair block (repair block) comprises a base with supports mounted on it to hold the clamp on the block and then under (on) the damaged section of the wire. Also, the repair block contains a drive for engaging with the clamp and allowing rotation of the rotary part of the clamp to close the damaged section of the wire (ensuring rotation of the clamp casing).

The repair block is configured to move vertically upwards to the damaged section of the wire with a force sufficient to insert the wire into the cavity of the clamp and press the clamp against the drive, which ensures rotation (closing) of the rotary part of the clamp (clamp casing) over the damaged section of the wire. The generated force ensures, in particular, that the drive link of the drive gear, for example a worm, is pressed against the worm wheel provided with the clamp.

Under the base of the repair block there is a mechanism for fixing the block in the lower transport position, for example, a hook rod for interacting with the servo drive. In this case, the repair block relies on springs, when they are released and the device is raised to the working position, the necessary force will be created.

Swivel repair clamp for restoring the electrical conductivity of the damaged section of the high-voltage power transmission line contains a rotary casing and a saddle made of electrically conductive material. Moreover, the length of the saddle exceeds the length of the casing, the saddle is made of a trough-shaped profile, and the casing is in the form of a hollow cylinder, the section of which is removed in the segment corresponding to the diameter of the wire. In this case, the saddle and casing are made such that the seat with its outer surface can be inserted into the casing with the possibility of movement, and the wire placed in the saddle is adjacent to the inner surfaces of the saddle and casing after the latter is rotated. The clamp differs from the known one in that it is equipped with a ring gear for engagement with the casing rotation drive. The drive, engaging with the toothed rim of the clamp, rotates the casing (ensures its rotation) and closes the damaged section of the wire with it, restoring its electrical conductivity.

Remotely controlled repair of the overhead power line wire using the inventive system of devices is carried out as follows:

install the swivel repair clamp in the open position on the supports of the repair block,

bring the system to the place of damage and hang the flight-elevating unit on the wire,

the repair clamp is pressed with force to the damaged section of the wire and the clamp is installed on it, for which the repair block, when approaching the wire, is below the level of the wire and the force arises due to its rise to the wire, in particular, when the springs are unclenched,

by rotating the rotary part of the clamp, close the damaged section of the wire, fixing the clamp,

remove the aircraft downwards from the wire, leaving the clip in place of the damage.

The essence of the solution is illustrated by drawings, which show:

- in Fig. 1 - general view of the claimed group of devices;

- in Fig. 2 - positions of a group of devices during transportation, repair and departure from the wire:

Fig.2a - the repair unit is in the transport position when approaching, the stand-hook LPB is in the open position,

fig.2b - LPB in the working position (in the process of installing the clamp), the LPB hook stand is in the closed position (holds the LPB on the wire), the clamp is installed by the repair block,

fig.2c - LPB in the process of disengaging the rack-hook of the LPB and flying off the wire;

- in Fig. 3 - repair clamp in the closed position (after turning) with a ring gear and a drive, general view.

To confirm the possibility of a group of inventions realizing their purpose and achieving the stated result, we will consider options for their implementation.

As part of the claimed group of devices, two functional blocks can be distinguished:

- flight-lifting unit (LPB), with the help of which the device is approached and oriented near the wire, and then the LPU is suspended on the wire by hooking it onto the wire and holding it on the wire for further repair work,

- a repair block located on the LPB, which provides repair work using a rotary repair clamp installed on it.

LPB (Fig. 1) contains helicopter-type engines 1 mounted on platform 2. Platform 2 contains batteries for powering engines, flight control units and repair unit operation, as well as other components and devices necessary for takeoff, controlled flight and landing ( not shown in the figures).

On the LPB there are also guides 3, which serve to orient the LPB when approaching the place of damage to the wire 5, a television camera for the purpose of orientation when moving the LPB in space and monitoring the repair process, one or more (not shown in the figure). This allows you to simplify the process of orienting the copter with rudders, as the angle of approach increases and the likelihood of engagement increases.

Two stand-hooks 5 are installed on the LPB with the possibility of moving under the action of springs for engaging and holding the LPB on the wire 5. The stand-hook 5 (Fig. 2) consists of a vertical section 6, above which double V-shaped guides 7 are made, forming a cavity to accommodate the wire 5. Racks-hooks 5 are equipped with springs 8 (figure 1, 2), which ensure the movement of the repair unit.

In the cavity of the rack-hook 5 (Fig. 2) there are elements of the mechanism for engaging and holding the wire 5. The mechanism preferably includes a hook 9 and a lever-stopper 10 connected with the spring 8. axis 11 for moving from the open (Fig. 2a) to the closed (Fig. 2b) position. In the open position, the hook 9 can be held, in particular, relying on the coils of the spring 12. The horn of the hook 9, which turns out to be upper in the closed position of the hook 9, can be made shorter than the other (lower in the closed position), which allows the wire to freely enter the cavity of the hook 9 The L-shaped stopper lever 10 is fixed on the axis 13, and rests against the pusher 14 from below, and is made to lock the hook 9 in the closed position with the help of the spring 12.

The device also has a mechanism for disengaging (uncoupling) racks-hooks 5 for flying the device, which can be controlled remotely. To do this, the rack-hook 5 contains a mechanism for moving (turning) the lever-stopper 10 to move the hook 9 to the open position. This can be implemented using a rocker mechanism that converts the movement of the drive (for example, the reversible drive 15) into the movement of the pusher 14, moving the stop lever 10 to open the hook 9 (figure 2). To do this, at the lower end of the pusher 14, a rocker stone 16 is fixed, located in the drive fork 17, rigidly connected to the movable drive rod 18, which connects both rack-hooks 5. The rod 18 also has a stop 19, with which it is connected to reversible drive 15 to move the rod 18, and the end of the drive rod 18 is connected to the return spring 20. In addition to the rocker mechanism, any other mechanism that allows you to perform a similar function can be used. As already indicated, the actuator 15 can be controlled remotely by an operator via, for example, a radio link.

The repair block (see Fig. 1, 2) contains the base 20, based on the spring 8, which in turn rest on the opposite end of the platform 2 LPB. At the same time, the repair unit has the ability to move vertically along the racks-hooks 5 from the transport position to the working position when the rod 21 and the servo hook 22 are disengaged.

The transport position (Fig. 2a) is used when the device approaches the wire 4 and represents the holding of the repair block below the level of the hooks 5 and the wire 4 subsequently placed on them. To achieve the working position (Fig. 2b), the repair block is due to the force generated springs 8, rises to the level fixed in the racks-hooks 5 of the wire 4, that is, it occupies a position in which repairs can be carried out.

Under the base 20 of the repair block there is a hook bar 21 designed to engage with the hook lever of the servo drive 22, thereby fixing the base 20 of the repair block in the lower transport position.

On the base 20 of the repair block, two supports 23 are installed, designed to hold the rotary repair clamp 24 when the repair block is in the transport (lower) and working (upper) position (Fig. 2a, 2b). Restoration (repair) of wire 4 is carried out using repair clamp 24 when wire 4 is fixed in racks-hooks 5.

The swivel repair clamp 24 (FIG. 3) preferably consists of a seat 9 and a swivel casing 26 made of electrically conductive material. The length of the saddle 25 exceeds the length of the casing 26. The saddle 25 is made of a trough-shaped profile, and the casing 26 is in the form of a hollow cylinder, the section of which is removed in a segment corresponding to the diameter of the wire 4. In this case, the saddle 25 and the casing 26 are made such that the saddle 25 of its outer surface can be inserted into the casing 26 with the possibility of movement, and the wire placed in the saddle 25 is adjacent to the inner surfaces of the saddle 25 and casing 26 after the latter has been rotated. So, for repairing the wire, a clamp disclosed by the applicant earlier in patent RU 2717105 can be used.

To rotate (rotate) the rotary part of the clamp - casing 26 - and close the damaged section of the wire with it, the clamp is equipped with a ring gear 27 for engagement with the drive 28 (Fig. 1.3). The drive 28 can be made, in particular, in the form of cylindrical gears, a worm pair, friction, etc.

Wire repair using the claimed group of devices is as follows.

1. Preparatory stage.

On the "ground" before takeoff, the surface of the saddle 25 and the inner surface of the casing 26 of the repair clamp 24 are covered with conductive glue or epoxy resin, and the clamp 24 is installed on the supports 23 of the repair block. By pressing on the base 20 of the repair block, it is lowered to the lower transport position (Fig. 2a). In the transport position during takeoff, the springs 8 are compressed and the repair block is held by the servo rod 22 and the hook bar 21. In this case, the repair block is below the level of the hooks 5.

Engines 1 LPB are started and the repair block with clamp 24 is delivered to the place of repair of wire 4.

2. Hanging on a wire.

At the last stage of the approach to the place of repair, the LPB moves from the bottom up to the wire 4, which falls into the space between the guides 3 to orient the wire. LPB, continuing to move up (Fig. 2a), leads the wire into the V-shaped guides 15 racks-hooks 5. Moving above the LPB, it inserts wire 4 into the cavity of the hook 9. The wire, resting against the bottom of the U-shaped hook 9, stops the UAV. Hook 9 is rotated by pressing its lower horn (Fig. 2b). In this case, the stopper lever 10 first deviates, passing the horn of the hook 9, and then returns to its original position with the help of the spring 12 and thereby fixes the closed state of the hook 9, preventing the horn of the hook 9 from turning in the opposite direction, that is, it keeps the wire inside the hook. Thus, the LPB is hooked on the wire 4 in the position necessary for repair, while the wire 4 is held inside the horns of the hook 9. Thus, the entire system is suspended on the wire, which allows further repair of the damaged area.

After the LPB is engaged on the wire, the corresponding light and sound signals come to the pilot-operator's control panel. In addition, the process of installing the LPB on the wire is observed using a video camera.

3. Wire repair.

At the signal of the pilot-operator, the servo 22 rotates the lever-rod, disengages the connections of the lever-rod of the servo 22 with the rod-hook 21 (fig.2b). Springs 8 raise the repair block to the working position until the wire 4 stops at the bottom of the groove of the saddle 9 of the repair clamp 24.

The clamp 24 is pressed against the wire due to the force that occurs when the springs 8 are uncoupled and released. The force generated by the springs 8 also creates a force for pressing the drive worm 28 against the ring gear 27 (worm wheel) on the clamp 24 so that it exceeds the repulsive force and ensures engagement drive 28 with the impeller 27. In the absence of the force generated by the springs 8, to ensure the input of the wire into the clamp and engagement with the drive, it will be necessary to create a force by means of the UAV itself due to its lifting force, which, in particular, increases the requirements for the load capacity of the device.

Then the pilot-operator gives a signal to turn on the drive 28 of the repair block, which rotates the casing 26 of the repair clip. The angle of rotation is limited by a limit switch (not shown in the figures). The damaged section of wire 4 is closed with repair clip 24, which is fixed on wire 4.

4. Disengagement (disengagement) of racks from the wire.

After the repair of wire 4 is completed, the pilot turns on the engines 1 LPB, then the reverse drive 15, which, through the stop 19, moves the rod 18 (Fig. 2c), which, in turn, through the fork 17 and the rocker stone 16, through the action on the pusher 14, turns the lever-stopper 10 , releasing the hook 9.

The motors 1 of the LPB at this time do not work at full strength, therefore, the entire device, under the action of gravity and the force of pressing the repair block to the wire 4, goes down, moving away from the wire 4 (Fig. 2c). Then the pilot-operator puts the operation of the engines 1 LPB into flight mode and pilots the device to the ground.

The proposed group of devices makes it possible to carry out the process of wire repair by means placed on UAVs, remotely controlled, which excludes the involvement of personnel in work at height and under voltage of overhead power lines.

Claims (31)

1. A system for repairing the wire of a high-voltage transmission line using a rotary repair clamp, containing - flight-lifting unit with means for hanging and holding the unit on the wire and means for controlled unhooking of the unit from the wire, - a wire repair unit mounted on the flight-lifting unit with means for holding the repair clip and means for ensuring the rotation of the rotary part of the clip; - at the same time, the repair unit is made with the possibility of moving vertically to the damaged section of the wire with a force sufficient to install the clamp on the wire and rotate its rotary part. 2. The system for the repair of overhead power lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the flight-elevating unit is made according to claim 6. 3. The system for the repair of overhead power lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the block for repairing the wire is made according to claim 12. 4. The repair system according to claim 3, characterized in that the repair block rests on springs supported on the platform of the flight-elevating block with the ability to move vertically. 5. Repair system according to claim 1, characterized in that the repair clip is made according to claim 14. 6. Flight-lifting unit for repairing the wire of the high-voltage transmission line, containing a platform on which are installed: - helicopter-type drives, engine batteries, flight control units, - a mechanism for holding the repair unit installed on the flight-lifting unit in the lower transport position, - as well as racks-hooks for hanging the block on the wire in the form of double guides forming a cavity, which contain a mechanism for hooking and holding the wire in the cavity and a mechanism for controlled detachment of the racks from the wire, - at the same time, the hook stands are equipped with springs, which ensure the vertical movement of the repair block to the damaged section of the wire with a force sufficient to install the clamp on the wire and rotate its rotary part to close the damaged section of the wire. 7. Flight-elevating unit according to claim 6, characterized in that it contains guides installed above it for orienting the wire. 8. The flight-lifting block according to claim 6, characterized in that the mechanism for engaging and holding the wire in the cavity of the rack-hook contains a U-shaped hook and a lever-stopper of the hook connected with a spring, and the hook is made with the possibility of turning into an open for insertion into its wire position and the closed wire locking position held by the stop lever. 9. The flight-lifting block according to claim 8, characterized in that the hook horn, which turns out to be upper in the closed position of the hook, is made shorter than the second hook horn. 10. The flight-elevating unit according to claim 6, characterized in that the release mechanism comprises a pusher connected to the stopper lever, at the lower end of which a mechanism for converting the movement of the controlled drive into the movement of the pusher is installed. 11. The flight-lifting block according to claim 10, characterized in that a rocker stone is connected to the pusher, located with the possibility of movement in a drive fork rigidly connected to a movable drive rod connecting two rack-hooks, while a stop is placed on the rod, which it is connected to the reversible rod movement drive, and its end is connected to the return spring. 12. Block for repairing the wire of high-voltage transmission lines using a rotary repair clamp, containing: - a base with supports installed on it to hold the clamp, - a drive for engaging with the clamp and allowing rotation of the rotary part of the clamp, - at the same time, the block is configured to move vertically upwards with a force sufficient to insert the wire into the clamp and press the clamp against the drive, which ensures rotation of the rotary part of the clamp. 13. The overhead transmission line wire repair unit according to claim 12, characterized in that it rests on springs and contains a mechanism for fixing it in the lower transport position. 14. Rotary repair clamp for wires of high-voltage power lines, containing a casing and a saddle made of an electrically conductive material, and the length of the saddle exceeds the length of the casing, the saddle is made of a trough-shaped profile, and the casing is in the form of a hollow cylinder, the section of which is removed in a segment corresponding to the diameter of the wire, with In this case, the saddle and casing are made in such a way that the seat with its outer surface can be inserted into the casing with the possibility of movement, and the wire placed in the saddle is adjacent to the inner surfaces of the saddle and casing after the latter is rotated, characterized in that equipped with a ring gear for engagement with the casing rotation drive. 15. A method for repairing an overhead power line wire using the system according to claim 1, characterized in that: - install the swivel repair clamp in the open position on the repair block, - bring the system to the place of damage and ensure the suspension of the flight-elevating unit on the wire, - press the repair clip firmly against the damaged section of the wire and install the repair clip on it, - by rotating the rotary part of the clamp, close the damaged section of the wire, - remove the flight-lifting block downwards from the wire, leaving the clip in place of the damage. 16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the repair unit, when approaching the wire, is below the level of the wire and the force is generated due to its rise to the wire.

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