RU2778948C1 - Method for airfield construction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aviation, and more specifically to the methods for setting up an airfield in conditions of high ornithological danger. The method for airfield construction includes the allocation of sections adjacent to the airfield territory under the trajectory of take-off and landing of aircraft with nesting sites of bird colonies. Next, the runway of the airfield is arranged in such a way that the aircraft flight height above the nesting sites is exceeded, determined by the formula Hs = S⋅h/s, where Hs is the height of the aircraft flight when the size of the aircraft in the eyes of the nestling being fed coincides with the size of the parent bird, m; S is the length of the fuselage of the aircraft, m; s is the length of the bird’s body, m; h is the height of recognition of the parent bird when feeding the nestling.

EFFECT: invention increases the safety of aircraft flights by reducing the ornithological danger of the airfield.

1 cl

Description

The present invention relates to aviation, and more specifically to methods for organizing an airfield in conditions of high ornithological danger.

A known method of building an airfield, including the device of a separate runway and a separate runway [1]. The aerodrome does not ensure flight safety in conditions of high ornithological danger.

A known method of arranging an aerodrome, including the allocation of areas near the aerodrome territory, where environmental protection measures are implemented [2]. The aerodrome does not ensure flight safety in conditions of increased ornithological danger.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed technical solution is the method of arranging an aerodrome, including the allocation of sections of the aerodrome territory with objects that pose a danger to aircraft flights, the device of a runway taking into account these objects [3]. As a result of the study and analysis of the existing level of technology, it was revealed that the technical problem is the construction of airfields that ensure the safety of aircraft flights in case of high ornithological danger.

The purpose of the proposed invention is to improve the safety of aircraft in high ornithological danger. The technical result of the invention is to improve the safety of aircraft flights at high ornithological danger by eliminating the conditions for the formation of a conditioned reflex of chicks to flying aircraft as to the birds of their parents.

To achieve this result, sections of the aerodrome territory are allocated under the trajectory of take-off and landing of aircraft, with nesting places for bird colonies, and an airfield runway is arranged to ensure that the flight altitude of aircraft exceeds nesting areas, determined by the formula Hs=S⋅h/s, where Hs - aircraft flight height, when the size of the aircraft in the eyes of the chick during feeding coincides with the size of the parent's bird, m; S - aircraft fuselage length, m; s - body length of the bird, m; h - the height of recognition of the parent bird when feeding the chick.

To implement the proposed method, sections of the near-aerodrome territory are allocated under the trajectory of take-off and landing of aircraft, with nesting places for bird colonies. Then, an airfield runway is arranged, which ensures that the height of take-off and landing of aircraft exceeds the nesting areas, determined by the formula Hs=S⋅h/s, where Hs is the flight altitude of the aircraft, when the size of the aircraft in the eyes of the chick during feeding coincides with the size of the bird parent, m; S - aircraft fuselage length, m; s - body length of the bird, m; h - the height of recognition of the parent bird when feeding the chick.

The conditioned reflex of perceiving aircraft as birds of their parents is formed in chicks during feeding. A chick at bird height h recognizes the parent's bird. At the same time, he sees a flying plane, the same size as the parent's bird, which he also perceives as a bird that feeds him. Multiple repetitions of these events form in the chicks a stable conditioned reflex of perceiving the aircraft as the bird of the parent. Young birds reared in such conditions are sent to take off and land aircraft, which creates a high ornithological danger and reduces the safety of aircraft flights. To improve the safety of aircraft flights, it is necessary to eliminate the conditions for the formation in chicks of the conditioned reflex of perceiving an aircraft as a parent bird when constructing an airfield.

The height Hs is determined by the rules of direct linear perspective. The height h depends on the species of birds that nest in the designated areas of the aerodrome area. For black-headed gulls it varies within 2…3 m, for gray crows 2.5…3.5 m, for mallards 2.7…3.8 m. The length of the aircraft fuselage S is determined by the brand of the aircraft that mainly operates the airfield. It varies from 29.9 m (SuperJet 100) to 73.0 m (Airbus A380).

An example of the implementation of the method. Allocate on the aerodrome territory under the trajectory of takeoff and landing of aircraft SuperJet 100 nesting area of a colony of black-headed gulls. Length of the aircraft fuselage S=30 m. 2.5/0.42=178.6 m. Arrange an airfield with a runway that provides the take-off and landing height of SuperJet 100 aircraft above the nesting area at a level of 210…230 m. With an angle of inclination of the trajectory to the horizontal surface of the take-off landing of SuperJet 100 aircraft in 2.4% or 1.37 °, the end of the runway is placed from the nesting area at a distance L of at least L=210/tg(1.37°)=8780 m. If the heights of the points of the end of the runway and the nesting area differ by more than 20 m, then the formula calculation L introduce a correction for the slope of the terrain.

An example of the implementation of the method. Allocate on the aerodrome area under the trajectory of takeoff and landing of Airbus A380 aircraft nesting site of a colony of mallards. Aircraft fuselage length S=73.0 m. Mallard body length s=0.56 m, mallard parent recognition height when feeding the chick h=2.8 m. 0.56=365 m. We arrange an airfield with a runway that provides the take-off and landing height of Airbus A380 aircraft above the nesting area at a level of 380…400 m. With an angle of inclination of the trajectory to the horizontal take-off surface of an Airbus A380 aircraft landing of 3.0% or 1.73°, the end of the runway is placed from the nesting area at a distance L of at least L=365/tg(1.73°)=12084 m. If the heights of the end points of the runway and the nesting area differ by more than 20 m, then the L correct for the slope of the terrain.

The proposed technical solution improves the safety of aircraft flights by reducing the ornithological danger of the airfield, by eliminating the formation in chicks of the conditioned reflex of perceiving a flying aircraft as a parent bird.

Used sources

1. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2336204, class. B64F 5/00 // Zhitnikov E.D.; 2007108028/11, applied: 03/02/2007; published: 20.10.2008 in Bull. No. 29.

2. SNiP 32-03-96. Aerodromes, sections 9.1-9.4.

3. Bazhov L.B. Airports and their operation. - Ulyanovsk: UVAU GA, 2008, pp. 40-41.

Claims (1)

A method for arranging an aerodrome, including the allocation of sections in the aerodrome area with objects that pose a danger to aircraft flights, the arrangement of a runway taking into account these objects, characterized in that sections of the aerodrome area are allocated under the trajectory of takeoff and landing of aircraft with nesting places for bird colonies and arrange runways of the airfield, providing an excess of the take-off and landing height of aircraft over nesting areas, determined by the formula Hs=S⋅h/s, where Hs is the aircraft flight height, when the size of the aircraft in the eyes of the chick during feeding coincides with the size of the parent bird , m; S - aircraft fuselage length, m; s - body length of the bird, m; h - the height of recognition of the parent bird when feeding the chick.