RU2778914C1 - Prefabricated building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction, in particular prefabricated building structures. The prefabricated building structure includes base blocks with a longitudinal groove and through holes, the axial lines of which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the groove, connecting elements and a base panel with regularly spaced rectangular holes. The base blocks are made with rectangular through holes, the connecting elements have a thickness equal to the width of the base block groove, and contain rectangular ledges corresponding in shape and size to the holes of the base block and the base panel.

EFFECT: design reliability.

10 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to building structures, in particular to building structures for residential construction, as well as to models of building structures and children's designers.

Known building system for erecting a building (US10526783, published 01/07/2020), containing the first block used on the site of the building, the connecting block used to fill the gap formed during the construction of the building; and a corner block used in the corner position of the building; wherein each of the first block, the connecting block, and the corner block includes a top surface having a base surface and a protrusion on the base surface, the protrusion extending longitudinally along the entire length of the top surface and located at the center of the top surface; the protrusion contains a pair of guide surfaces extending obliquely from the surface of the base; a bottom surface having an additional groove located at the center of the bottom surface for engagement with a protrusion of an adjacent block when the blocks are stacked on top of each other; a plurality of transverse through holes located at a distance from each other.

The disadvantage of the known solution is the difficult-to-manufacture shape of the blocks, which limits the list of possible materials for use, as well as the difficult-to-assemble design.

Known wooden building structure (KR200356436, publ. ...) in the form of a log house. The log has a cylindrical shape with grooves cut on opposite sides along the length of the log. The logs are connected to each other by means of a wooden block placed in grooves made on their surface.

The disadvantage of the known solution is the complexity and complexity of assembling the structure due to the need to maintain ideal gaps between the bars and logs along the entire length of the stacked logs, the impossibility of adjusting the wall thickness.

A system of blocks connected by means of geometric bodies is known (international application WO2014089718, publ. 06/19/2014). The blocks have cavities and holes on the faces, which include elements that fasten the blocks, having complementary geometry and smaller sizes. Additionally, the connection of blocks in the vertical direction is ensured by the use of vertical locking elements provided with holes into which pins are inserted.

The disadvantage of the known solution is the complex shape of the blocks to manufacture, the complex and time-consuming process of assembling the structure due to the large number of parts, the low strength of the structure in the places of window and door openings. In addition, this system provides for the arrangement of blocks in vertical rows strictly one above the other, which makes the structure less stable.

Known building block (CN204840952, publ. 12/19/2015), including a housing with a groove and mounting holes, having a cross section in the form of the letter "C", a connecting element with a through hole and a pin, while adjacent housings with grooves are placed towards each other to each other with the formation of a cavity for placing the connecting element, additionally fastening is carried out by means of pins passing through the mounting holes of the housings and through holes of the connecting elements (selected as a prototype).

The disadvantage of the known solution is the limited application for wall structures and ceilings, a limited list of materials used.

The technical task of the claimed invention is to create a building structure consisting of many blocks and providing simple assembly and a variety of shapes, as well as the evenness of rows horizontally and vertically.

The technical result of the invention is an easy-to-assemble, reliable design.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the prefabricated building structure includes base blocks with a longitudinal groove and through holes, the axial lines of which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the groove and connecting elements, and also additionally contains a base panel with regularly spaced rectangular holes, the base blocks are made with rectangular through holes. shape, the connecting elements have a thickness equal to the width of the groove of the base unit and contain ledges of rectangular section, corresponding in shape and size to the holes of the base unit and the base panel.

The building structure consists of the following basic elements: a base panel provided with a plurality of holes, a parallelepiped-shaped base block with a longitudinal groove and through holes, and connecting elements containing protrusions for connection with the base blocks and base panels. Elements of a building structure can be made of various materials, depending on the purpose of the building structure and the required strength and performance parameters, for example, solid wood, chipboard, MDF, wood-polymer composites, various types of plastics, ceramic and silicate blocks, foam and aerated concrete .

Additionally, adhesive materials can be used to ensure the reliability and durability of the assembly.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings:

Fig. 1 - an example of the execution of the base panel;

Fig. 2 - an example of the execution of the base unit;

Fig. 3 - Fig.9 - examples of the execution of the connecting element;

Fig. 10-11 - examples of assembly of a building structure;

Fig.12-14 - examples of the execution of molds for the manufacture of elements of the building structure.

To create a building structure according to the present invention, base panels 1, base blocks 2 and connecting elements 3 are used.

The base panel 1 is a polygonal plate with a plurality of regularly spaced rectangular holes 4. Figure 1 shows a special case of making a rectangular base plate. The base plate can be made in different sizes and with a different number of holes. Base panel 1 can be used to form both the base of a building structure, on which base blocks 2 are installed by means of connecting elements 3, and to form floors in building structures.

The base block 2 is a part in the form of a parallelepiped containing a longitudinal slot 5 of a rectangular shape on one side and through holes 6 of a rectangular shape passing from the opposite side of the base block 2 to the base of the groove 5 in such a way that the axial lines of the through holes 6 are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the groove 5. Base blocks can be made in different lengths. The depth of the groove 5 of the base unit 2 is a multiple of the thickness of the base panel 1. The spacing of the holes 6 is equal to the spacing of the holes 4 in the base panel.

The connecting elements 3 are geometric elements containing ledges 7 of rectangular section, at least on one of the end sides, corresponding in transverse dimensions to the holes 4 made in the base panel 1 and the holes 6 made in the base block 2. The thickness of the connecting elements is equal to slot width 5 of the base unit 2. The length of the tabs is 7 times the thickness of the base plate 1. The pitch of the tabs 7 is a multiple of the hole pitch 4 in the base plate and the hole pitch 6 in the base unit 2.

In one of the embodiments, the connecting element 3a is made in the form of a bar, the shape and transverse dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the groove 5 made in the base block 2. On the connecting element 3a, protrusions 7a are made on one of the faces (Fig.3).

In one of the embodiments, the connecting element 3b is made in the form of two bars connected in the form of an L-shaped part, each of the bars has a rectangular cross section and transverse dimensions corresponding to the dimensions of the groove 5 made in the base block 2. On the connecting element 3b on each protrusions 7b are made of bars (figure 4).

In one of the embodiments, the connecting element 3c is made in the form of an irregularly shaped polygonal figure with a rectangular recess on one of its sides. On two opposite ends of the connecting element 3c and at the base of the recess, protrusions 7c are made perpendicular to the end surface. The width of the recess is a multiple of the length of the base block 2 (figure 5).

In one of the embodiments, the connection element 3d is made in the form of an irregularly shaped polygonal figure with a rectangular recess at one of the corners. On two opposite ends of the connecting element 3g and at the base of the recess, protrusions 7g are made perpendicular to the end surface. (Fig.6). It is possible to place protrusions only on one side of the connecting element 3d. (fig.7)

In one of the embodiments, the connection element 3d is made in the form of a rectangular figure with rectangular holes. Protrusions 7d are made on each of the end sides of the connecting element 3d (Fig.8).

In one of the embodiments, the connection element 3e is made in the form of a rectangular figure with rectangular holes and an elongated platform on one of the end sides. The protrusions 7e are made on one of the end sides of the connecting element 3e and on the protrusions of the elongated platform (Fig.9).

The production of building structure elements is carried out by cutting in the case of wood materials or by pouring into molds in the case of polymeric, ceramic materials, foam and aerated concrete. In FIG. 12-14 show examples of molds for the manufacture of elements of a building structure, including the lower 8 and the upper part 9.

The assembly of the building structure is carried out as follows:

The assembly of the building structure (Fig.10-11) begins with the installation of the base panel (if necessary, ensuring the strength of the structure), on which the connecting elements 3 are fixed in the holes 4 with the protrusions 7. Base blocks 2 are installed on the connecting elements, while the connecting element 3 is placed in groove 5. In the next row, connecting elements can be installed on the base blocks in the same way, and then the base blocks. Connecting elements of type 3d and 3e (Fig.8-9) can be used as window and door openings. To create an overlap on a row of base blocks, a base panel 1 can be installed, while for its connection with the previous row of base blocks, a connecting element with a protrusion length equal to twice the thickness of the base panel is used. To create a transition from the wall to the roof, connecting elements of type 3c and 3d are used.

The elements of the building structure of the present invention provide the ability to create a variety of forms of building structures while ensuring ease of assembly and reliability of assembly.

Claims (10)

1. Prefabricated building structure, including base blocks with a longitudinal groove and through holes, the axial lines of which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the groove, and connecting elements, characterized in that it additionally contains a base panel with regularly spaced rectangular holes, the base blocks are made with rectangular through holes shapes, the connecting elements have a thickness equal to the width of the base unit slot and contain rectangular ledges corresponding in shape and size to the holes in the base unit and the base panel. 2. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the base panel is used as the base and/or ceiling of the building structure. 3. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the base block is equal to twice the thickness of the base panel, and the depth of the groove is equal to half the height of the base block. 4. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole pitch of the base block is equal to the hole pitch of the base panel. 5. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the protrusions of the connecting elements is a multiple of the thickness of the base plate. 6. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch of the protrusions of the connecting element is a multiple of the pitch of the holes in the base panel and the pitch of the holes in the base block. 7. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element has the shape of a bar, the shape and transverse dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the groove. 8. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element is L-shaped. 9. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element is made in the form of a polygonal figure with a rectangular recess on one of the sides. 10. Prefabricated building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element is made in the form of a rectangular figure with rectangular holes.

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