RU2778746C1 - Folded antistatic container for accommodation of explosive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining; construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining and construction industries, in particular to containers for storage of explosives. A folded antistatic container for accommodation of explosive and detonator contains an elongated semi-rigid plastic tubular case with an open inlet, through which explosive is introduced, and a closed end, to which a tip is attached, isolating the closed end of the case and facilitating introduction of the container into a well. At the inlet of the tubular case, there is additionally a retainer-gate containing a plug, to which a tube is connected, resting on the gate of a conical truncated shape, having thread, including a ring and two wedge-shaped holders. The attachment of the tip to the case is made using an additional connector. The tip has a shape of a straight-face screwdriver. The tip has a conical shape. Initiating wire (8) is attached to the detonator, which is lied along tubular case (1), wherein the retainer-gate is made with the possibility for initiating wire (8) of passage inside the retainer-gate.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of blasting due to a possibility of loading any wells with any explosive due to a possibility of using necessary diameters and lengths in a single product.

5 cl, 24 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates mainly to the mining and construction industries, in particular to the drilling and blasting phase, it specifically relates to a container for storing explosives, with the additional functions of being collapsible, as well as imparting continuity and stabilization to a typical well, allowing dosing and separating the explosive when introduced into the well, regardless of length and diameter, as well as to the accessories with which the container is used.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention is applied in areas requiring drilling of wells, where further blasting is carried out in order to extract inert stone material or with some concentration of any mineral. If the consumables (explosives, drilling equipment, energy, etc.), the work of machines and personnel allows you to achieve the minimum predicted production volume, then the blasting should be considered successful.

Two types of basic explosive mixtures are currently commonly used to perform blasting; the first mixture corresponds to a range of hydrogels or high explosives resistant to water, and the second corresponds to a mixture consisting of ammonium nitrate and several fuels (loosely known as ANFO), which are cheaper and are usually used in bulk, but their limitation is the presence of water, so how they dissolve into it and become useless.

In the case of tunnel wells and due to underground water sources or the tribological action of the materials that make up the drill bits and require water to cool them, in the course of work, water accumulates in objects with a negative slope and can flood the lower wells, in these cases it is impossible to use explosives ANFO type and are being replaced by hydrogels/high explosives or used in large quantities causing cost overruns in the blasting process.

Other problems in tunnel drilling are the clogging of lower holes with rock debris caused by the formation of upper holes, and in general in any hole made in loose or unstable ground, which are hampered by the vibration of the drilling process, this forces clean-up, which is not always successful, and subsequently prevent proper loading of substances.

Both in the case of tunnel wells and in the case of so-called "long wells", one may stumble upon geological defects (in addition to the presence of water), some of which are: uneven terrain, i.e. rocky and brittle, unstable or loose cavities, cracks or geological faults, naturally formed or caused by previous mining of minerals, they prevent the creation of a dry, continuous, clean and stable hole, which is necessary for the correct loading of explosives - the formation of explosive waste, the loss of invested energy and the prevention of a successful explosion, these factors will create a minimum amount of predictable material , and vice versa, an excess of explosives in certain areas with voids will cause more damage than the damage caused by the planned explosion, as a result of which the stability and safety of the area will be compromised, in which case it will be necessary to carry out repairs, which entails additional nye expenses.

Another problem with certain "long" drilling methods that drill spare holes for future blasting is that blasting of previous ground paths often plugs the "back-up holes", resulting in costly rework.

There is another problem with downward "long drilling" associated with the fact that the passage of equipment through manufactured wells causes their blockage and forces them to do the work again.

Additionally, both in tunnels and in some cases of "long drilling", it is necessary to dose the explosive in the lines in order to get more stable ceilings and walls and avoid excessive destruction, this is solved by using dosed explosives or separate explosive accessories that usually either expensive and/or not suitable.

Another problem is that during long upward drilling, the effect of gravity acts on the ANFO explosive in dry soils and it spills out, which requires additional loading and consumption of explosive, in the event of voids or cracks, energy will leak and the loss of any explosives used , in addition to requiring back-up wells in highly fragmented and explosive terrain and due to previous explosions, they risk being partially or completely discharged and must be thoroughly flushed before they can be re-drilled and reloaded, greatly increasing time spent and cost.

To obtain a predictable result, the use of special containers suitable for each specific case is required, i.e. specially designed (diameter and length) for work and suitable for interaction with explosives. Existing containers do not always meet these requirements, as well as the necessary strength and flexibility for handling, transportation and rough handling, which entails technological delays, increased work time and man-hours of work caused by the repetition of work, the consumption of explosives and, as a result, , additional operating costs and reduced productivity; some accessories used that do not have antistatic properties are also not suitable for explosive charging, as there will be a buildup of static charges and the potential risk of premature explosions that can damage property, equipment and people, increasing the risk of the procedure.

Traditionally existing containers are made of plastic materials, however the following inventions are modern; especially since my previous invention has been modified, so I present it initially as the closest of the proposed inventions.

My invention WO2007004004857 A1, which relates to an artificial well designed for construction and underground mining, which consists of a semi-rigid plastic tube to facilitate the filling of bulk explosive; this tube keeps the explosive dry and keeps it consistent with the borehole structure; in addition to holding it, it is important to note that it protects it from the structure and vibrations produced during the shocks that occur in the ground in the body of the invention, it specifically refers to a set of improvements made in wells that are used in underground mining and in construction. Its main focus is on mining and earthworks, and it is mainly a matter of internal covering and/or widening holes (holes) made into which explosives will be loaded to undermine the soil. The plastic pipe consists of a thin wall, is cylindrical, straight, semi-rigid, antistatic and is characterized by an elongated cylindrical pipe, open at one end, with which the explosive is loaded and sealed, to prevent water from entering from the other end.

My invention has been improved, given that it was originally made of a semi-rigid material, there was no design proposal to make it foldable for transport, but on the other hand, at the time of deployment, it can return to its original form, allowing the explosive material to reach the farthest end. point of use for which it was entered. The different tips also allow it to be used in different types of ground and allow it to be held and/or isolated in long downholes. They also allow explosives to be retained and detached in long upwelling boreholes and explosive to be dosed both in contour boreholes of tunnels and on the walls of longhole boreholes. Although this is already an improved invention, and other inventions that do not exceed or are not related to this technical characteristic of my invention already have modern functions.

Another similar invention is the device US2015053106 A1, which consists of a cartridge provided with an explosive container and an open end with a locking device attached to the open end to form a closed container. The locking device is capable of providing radial expansion and has a fixed element attached to the receiving element and a movable piston inside the container relative to the fixed element and the receiving element. The cartridge is designed in such a way that ignition causes the piston to move, which actuates the locking device and causes it to expand radially before detonation.

The invention US8028624B2 consists of a cartridge for drilling holes with an elongated tube in which the first end has a hole with a detonator, and the second end closes it and where a connector is located for the release of a second adjacent cartridge, having a cylindrical shape, is first inserted into a monolith with a flange in an axial manner and which is equipped with handle; and the striker is actuated by forming a ring which receives the connection signal from the detonator. Among its variants, the ring makes up at least 10% of the cartridge wall; the detonator is actuated by buttons; the striker is made of synthetic polymer; the striker consists of a bulge surrounded by an angular region; this corner region is preferably 10% of any wall of the cartridge.

Invention CN2784865 Y consists of a convenient structure equipped with a simple tube, forming a body that does not produce sparks. This model is characterized by the fact that the side walls of the pipe body are symmetrical along the longitudinal direction and concave inwards to form two elongated channels for energy storage; the cavity of the pipe body is divided into two sections by a spacer plate across the longitudinal direction; two energy accumulators are located on one side of the spacer plate, and the cavity it contains and the energy storage channels are filled with explosive. In use, the cavity of the tube protects the surrounding stones, causing them to break under pressure.

Finally, the invention GB1018089A, which consists of a body made by compressing and synthesizing metal powder, which is subjected to a thermochemical treatment that forms the diffusion of gases. The housing is designed to accommodate an explosive charge containing powdered iron compressed at 500°C and reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere at 1040°C, and quenched in an atmosphere of carbon monoxide at 900°C; with some options available including deep oxidation at 500°C or impregnation with 26% copper with hydrogen treatment.

DESCRIPTION

In the proposed collapsible antistatic container for explosives and detonators, containing an elongated semi-rigid plastic tubular body with an open inlet through which the explosive is injected, and a closed end to which is attached a tip that insulates the closed end of the body and facilitates the introduction of the container into the well, at the inlet The tubular body is additionally provided with a latch-shutter containing a plug, to which a tube is attached, which rests on a conical truncated-shaped shutter, having a threaded structure, including a ring and two wedge-shaped holders.

In a particular case, the attachment of the tip to the body is made using an additional connector.

In another particular case, the tip may be in the form of a slotted screwdriver or a conical shape.

In another particular case, an initiating wire is attached to the detonator, which is laid along the tubular body, and the latch-gate is configured to allow the initiating wire to pass inside the latch-gate.

Characteristic details of this innovative collapsible anti-static blasting container capable of partial compression are illustrated in the following description and in the accompanying drawings, as well as the description where like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements.

Brief description of drawings:

On FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of a collapsible, anti-static blasting container with the possibility of partially collapsing its components.

Fig. 2 shows a collapsible, anti-static container that can be partially collapsed when folded, allowing it to be easily moved and loaded in vehicles and in mine tunnels if very long, to illustrate two places where and how it is used.

Fig. 3 is an axonometric perspective view of a collapsible anti-static blasting container capable of partially collapsing together with its components, wherein the tip is in the form of a slotted screwdriver.

Fig. 4 is a close-up view of a collapsible anti-static blasting container capable of being partially compressed together with its components, in which the tip is shaped like a slotted screwdriver.

Fig. 5 is a side view of a collapsible partially collapsible anti-static blasting container, the tip of which is conical, allowing for easier penetration when partial obstruction occurs.

Fig. 6 is a general view of the connector attached to the ferrule (in this example it is used with a conical ferrule).

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a collapsible anti-static blasting container capable of being partially compressed together by the components, the tip of which is oval shaped.

Fig. 8 is a general view of a collapsible anti-static blasting container capable of being partially compressed together with its components, divided into sections and having a tip in the form close to the shape of a screwdriver.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the elements that make up a collapsible anti-static container capable of being partially compressed together with its components, used in a blasting area, for use in a horizontal or slightly inclined position.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the fastening bar used in long downward drilling at the upper end of the collapsible, partially compressible ESD container with its components.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of a collapsible anti-static container containing a cross member.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a fragment of a container used for long downholes and containing a plate that acts as a container inlet seal and prevents material clogging.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a collapsible anti-static container containing a "hat" lid used in down-drilling long drilling operations that acts as a closure at the container inlet and avoids material clogging from passing vehicles.

Fig. 14 is an exploded view of a "hat cap" used in long downward drilling and placed at the end of a collapsible anti-static container capable of partially collapsing with its components.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of a long upward drilling borehole for a collapsible, partially compressible anti-static container with a support system that contains a latch-lock at the entrance to the container and prevents falling due to gravity even when loaded with explosives. This system supports the invention.

Fig. 16 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a collapsible uphole antistatic container capable of partially collapsing together with its components and containing a support system.

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the insulating plug of a collapsible, anti-static blasting container that can be partially collapsed along with the components.

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the energy plug of a collapsible anti-static blasting container capable of partially collapsing with components.

Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the components of a collapsible, anti-static blasting container capable of partially collapsing together with the components, shown from the opposite end from that containing the tip.

Fig. 20 is a perspective view of a collapsible, anti-static blasting container capable of partially collapsing together with components, which is used in an exploded typical well, showing a prismatic cut of the ground to understand the application.

Fig. 21 is a general view of an anti-static blasting container capable of being partially compressed together with components used in a typical horizontal borehole in the wall zone, forming an air chamber with the help of a spacer ring and anchoring.

Fig. 22 is a front view of a collapsible anti-static blasting container, capable of being partially compressed together with components, of a roof and wall contour used in wells, the container being separated by means of a spacer ring and anchoring, showing two formed air chambers, one of which is formed in the region of the roof the action of gravity.

Fig. 23 shows a view of a collapsible, anti-static blasting container capable of partially collapsing with components, used in a typical well, and detached with a spacer ring and anchorage.

Fig. 24 is a general view of the spacer ring and anchoring.

NOTE

The examples of options presented are purely illustrative, but not limiting.

A collapsible, anti-static container capable of being partially compressible together with components used for blasting is inserted into a typical borehole N made by conventional drilling machines as a shelter for it, thanks to its semi-rigidity characteristics and partial compressibility, it prevents the impact of possibly existing soil defects that are reinforced or formed in as a result of drilling, and in some cases it may be necessary that the container be provided with a tip to guide it and penetrate into a typical well N.

A collapsible, anti-static container (Fig. 1) capable of being partially compressed together with the components used for blasting consists of a tube 1, preferably open at one end 2, through which the explosive is introduced and the other closed end, this tube 1 is made of a semi-rigid anti-static material , which allows it to be folded for transportation and ease of movement to the place of use, after the tube is placed and restored to its original shape, this property allows it to have any diameter and length necessary for work without losing its characteristics, since after folding A (see Fig. 2) returns to its original state when opened. The container contains a tip 5C (Fig. 6), which is installed using a connector 4, for which it has at least one connector 4D, allowing it to be connected under pressure, thermally or by other means at one end of the tube 1, and also due to its property partial compression, it can be more easily implemented in case of obstructions. Inside the tube 1 (Fig. 9) in the cartridge 7 is placed a detonator 6 (which can be wireless) attached to the initiating wire 8, which extends to the exit of a typical well N, and also inside the tube 1 is placed an explosive B. The detonation is carried out when the detonator is activated 6 using the initiating wire 8, or wirelessly.

A collapsible, anti-static container capable of partially collapsing with components used for blasting, used in circuits, preferably smaller in diameter and length than a typical N well (FIG. 9), except for vertical wells. This allows the explosive to be dosed in smaller quantities, and in the case of horizontal wells, if water is available, then ANFO can be applied using a plug 9 to isolate it; and to contain the energy, a plug 10 is placed in the range of five to thirty centimeters from the mouth of a typical well N, this plug 10 in combination with the container forms a conventional air chamber 25, which will mitigate the consequences of the explosion, this chamber being formed in the domes or upper wells ( 26) under the action of gravity, and in vaults, platforms or walls (27) using a spacer ring 24 and anchoring. In descending vertical wells (Fig. 23) they will be smaller in diameter and separated from the wall to be protected by a number of spacer rings forming an air chamber which will dampen the effects of the explosion. If necessary, save the initiator and limit the explosive reduce the diameter at the lower end 28.

Connector options (see Fig. 6) instead of a 4D connector can be with threads, seals, etc. or any combination of them. Some of these options are described below.

The first variant of the collapsible container described above, used in horizontal wells, is one in which the tip attached to the pipe 1 has an oval protrusion 5A (see Fig. 7), which is preferably used in hard soils, which usually do not have sharp features, and a tip with this shape allows the container to penetrate the desired point to perform the demolition. This option can be used in the presence or absence of water inside the well. It should be emphasized that its partial compression property will overcome small blockages.

The second variant of the collapsible container described above, used in horizontal wells, is that one end of the tube 1 is thermally melted and the tip is shaped like a slotted screwdriver 5B (see Fig. 4 and 8), this is necessary to overcome the material that is formed during drilling , as a result of which well N can be loaded with any explosive, even if the well is flooded with water.

The third variant of the collapsible container described above is that the tip 5 has a conical shape 5C (see Fig. 5), which allows the passage of materials formed when creating a typical well N, where it is inserted, allows the container to be partially compressed and inserted despite for the presence of some of the residual materials that are generated during the creation of a typical well N, where the device is inserted, and also provides an insulating seal and allows easier passage into long wells.

The fourth variant of the folding container can be equipped with any of the tips described above and used in downhole wells that do not have a bearing surface and must be loaded, for which a crossbar 11 (Fig. 10) is installed at the inlet, which serves as a support for the loaded container.

The fifth variant of the collapsible container can have any of the tips described above and be used in downhole wells that do not have a support surface and are left as reserve wells, which require a gate at the container inlet to protect against blockage by material that is generated by the movement of vehicles . The closure consists of a plate 11A (FIG. 12) which independently holds and/or insulates the container. The shutter can be removed during loading and replaced by a cross member 11.

The sixth variant of the collapsible container, described above, is characterized by the possibility of using any of the tips described above, and can be used in long downhole wells that do not have a support surface and are left as reserve wells, for which they require a gate at the entrance to the container, to prevent clogging it with material that may be formed as a result of the movement of vehicles. The device contains the first ring 16, which independently holds the tube 1, since it has an upper part, the diameter of which is greater than the diameter of the well, the first ring 16 is connected to the tube 1 using at least one protrusion 18 of the lower part 15 and the corresponding hole 19, forming a single detail. The second ring 12, which serves to protect a typical well from clogging, is connected to the first ring 16 by a lug 13 that fits into one hole 14 and can be removed when loading the container with a simple twist.

The seventh variant of the collapsible container described above can have any of the tips described above, be used in ascending wells, and require a latch-lock at the entrance to the container to prevent the container and explosive from falling under gravity. After the tube 1 is placed in the well, a ring 20 will be attached to it, which is held by two 10 wedge-shaped holders 21. The container is filled with explosive and an energy plug 10 is installed, which is located on top of the tube 22, which must have a air chamber, and abut against a conical truncated closure 23 which functions to contain the explosive and allows the initiating wire to pass through it. This closure 23 has a threaded structure including a ring 20 so that the container and the explosive are held in place by a bottom portion which is subjected to gravity.

The eighth variant of the collapsible container described above may have any of the tips described above, and is characterized in that it has a significantly smaller diameter than the diameter of a typical well, the container is separated from the wall, which is to be protected by several spacer rings 24 and anchoring, forming an air chamber 25, which allows you to dampen the explosion (Fig. 23). If necessary, one of the ends of the tube 1 can be partially reduced to save the initiator and limit the explosive.

This device preferably has a wall thickness of 1 mm to 8 mm and a diameter of preferably 1/2 inch to 14 inches, and a length preferably of 0.5 meters to 50 meters, which allows the device to be adapted to any type of well used.

The principle of operation of the device

Having geological information about the terrain and types of wells, it is possible to determine the type of container needed, and the required components when using it, and regardless of length, thanks to its foldable property, it will serve as a stabilizer, preventing collapse or blockage from occurring vibrations or falling rocks in unstable soils, as well as ground movements from previous blasting operations and/or vehicle movements over them. The device will also ensure the continuity of the well even in the presence of cavities and / or dips due to the possibility of using the required diameters and lengths in one product, it will allow you to dose the amount of explosive, which will allow for a soft explosion. Its anti-static property prevents the accumulation of electrical charges, with a tip on one of its ends, the device becomes sealed and waterproof, and it can be loaded with any explosive in places even with the presence of water. The container does not require pipe connection or assembly of sections, since due to its property of being partially compressed, it can be bent transversely, transported, inserted into standard wells and form a single structure along the well, regardless of its length. It is important to emphasize that, due to its property of being partially compressed, it will allow you to overcome small obstacles.

Claims (5)

1. A collapsible anti-static container for placing an explosive and a detonator, containing an elongated semi-rigid plastic tubular body (1) with an open inlet through which the explosive is introduced, and a closed end to which a tip is attached, insulating the closed end of the body and facilitating the introduction of the container into the well , characterized in that at the inlet of the tubular body there is additionally provided a latch-gate, containing a plug (10), to which a tube (22) is connected, resting on a gate (23) of a conical truncated shape, having a thread, including a ring (20) and two wedge-shaped holder (21). 2. Folding antistatic container according to claim 1, characterized in that the tip is attached to the body using an additional connector (4). 3. Folding antistatic container according to claim 1, characterized in that the tip has the shape of a slotted screwdriver. 4. Foldable antistatic container according to claim 1, characterized in that the tip has a conical shape. 5. A collapsible antistatic container according to claim 1, characterized in that an initiating wire (8) is attached to the detonator, which is laid along the tubular body (1), and the latch-gate is configured to allow the initiating wire (8) to pass inside the latch-gate.

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