RU2778080C1 - Control system of the underwater mining complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the underwater production of hydrocarbons, in particular to gas production control systems at the wells of an underwater mining complex. The control system of the underwater mining complex (CS UMC) contains an onshore complex, an underwater distribution module, optical and electrical splitters, sensors on wells interconnected by optical and electrical connections. At the same time, the underwater distribution module provides amplification and distribution of the optical signal. The CS UMC is built according to the peer-to-peer star topology, has a single hot redundancy in the form of two independent channels, each of which has a data transmission channel and an AC-based power supply channel. Also, the CS UMC contains underwater control modules connected to the underwater distribution module through splitters.

EFFECT: increase in reliability of the CS UMC, due to single redundancy, an increase in adaptability to changing the configuration of the location of production wells due to the topology of a peer-to-peer star, while simplifying the power supply system by using alternating current in the power transmission line to power the underwater control modules.

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Description

The invention relates to underwater production of hydrocarbons, in particular to control systems for gas production at wells in an underwater production complex.

The closest invention to the claimed one is the underwater hydrocarbon production system RU2553757 C2, which describes various ways of connecting the transport network, the power supply network and the data transmission network between the main field object and the underwater well. Networks of power supply and data transmission through a fiber-optic line can be applied at a distance of more than 150 km from the field object to the well. It is possible to additionally connect the power supply network and the data communication network to any of the subsea production systems. The subsea hydrocarbon production system uses distributors designed to reduce the DC voltage in the power supply network and transmit data from the main field facility to the underwater well, as well as branching blocks between the main field facility and the distributor designed to receive and route electrical and data cables to multiple distributors. Also in the subsea hydrocarbon production system, an underwater distribution unit is used, containing means for transmitting data and electricity in the form of direct current to a plurality of subsea wells or any other subsea production system.

One of the disadvantages of the analogue is the complexity of building a DC power supply network and its high cost. Another disadvantage of the analogue is the inability to adapt to changes in the configuration of production wells.

The objective of the invention is to create a control system for an underwater production complex (SU MPC) while improving reliability, simplifying the power supply system and increasing adaptability to changes in the configuration of the location of production wells.

The essence of the invention lies in the creation of PDK control system, which is a one-time redundant electro-hydraulic system with optical communication lines. The MPC control system is used to control underwater production complexes of gas fields installed at a depth of up to 500 meters and remote from the ground equipment of the control system at a distance of up to 80 km.

The invention contains the following elements:

1 - equipment of the coastal complex (BC);

2 - underwater distribution module (PMR);

3-1 - 3-N/2 - electrical splitters;

4-1 - 4-N/2 - optical splitters;

5-1 - 5-N - underwater control modules (PMU);

6-1 - 6-N - MPC sensors.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the electrical, optical and hydraulic connections of the PDK control system.

SU MPC works as follows:

BC (1) is directly connected with PMR (2) by electrical and optical connections. The power supply of the underwater part of the PDK control system is carried out by single-phase alternating current in order to reduce electrical losses. The solid line in the figures shows the 3000 V AC power lines from the BC equipment (1) to the PMR (2) at a distance of up to 80 km, and the 600 V AC power lines from the PMR (2) to the PMU (5-1-5- N), located from the PMR (2) at a distance of up to 12 km. From BC (1) hydraulic lines go to PMU (5). The transmission of hydraulic energy in the system occurs through the hydraulic lines indicated in the diagram by a dash-dotted line. From the PMR, electrical lines and optical lines go to electrical splitters (3-1 - 3-N/2) and optical splitters (4-1 - 4-N/2), respectively. Data transmission in the control system of the underwater production complex occurs via optical communication lines. Optical communication lines are indicated in the figures by a dashed line. Optical communication lines provide the transfer of the entire amount of necessary information in a minimum time. Electrical and optical lines from the splitters are connected to the PMU (5-1 - 5-N). PMU, in turn, are connected to MPC sensors (6-1 - 6-N) via electrical lines.

The use of alternating current makes it possible to simplify the conversion of the transmitted energy and, consequently, reduce the cost of the system.

Optical lines, power supply lines and hydraulic lines are located in the subsea umbilical.

The electrical and optical communications of the control system of the subsea production complex have a peer-to-peer star system topology and a single hot standby implemented by introducing two independent channels, each of which has a data transmission channel and a power supply channel. The use of a peer-to-peer topology makes it possible to adapt the system to changes in the configuration of production wells, as well as reduce the polling time for all onshore complex control modules.

The coastal complex is an analogue of the fishing object specified in patent No. 2553757. The BC equipment (1) provides control and uninterrupted power supply, as well as the supply of hydraulic power to the executive bodies of the MPC control system.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the electrical, optical and hydraulic connections of the BC.

The composition of the BC SU PDC includes:

7 - ground uninterruptible power supply module (NMOBP);

8 - ground module for providing hydraulic power (NMOGP;

9 - ground module for providing electrical power (NMOEP);

10 - ground control module (NMU);

11 - operator workstation (OWO).

BC works like this:

NMOBP (7) provides uninterrupted power supply to the PDK control system for a certain time after disconnection from the central power supply of 380 V AC, and also converts the central power supply to the primary voltage of 216 V for NMOEP (9).

NMOGP (8) provides hydraulic power to the executive bodies of the MPC control system by supplying hydraulic energy at the required pressure through the hydraulic lines to the PMU (5), which ensures the distribution of hydraulic commands to the executive bodies of the MPC.

NMOEP (9) provides the conversion of the primary voltage of 216 V DC from NMOBP (7) to a voltage of 3000 V AC for further transmission to the underwater part of the MPC control system on the PMR (2).

NMU (10) is the center of the peer star of the MPC control system in relation to connection to the PMU (5) and provides: information exchange with the underwater part of the MPC control system and BC equipment; sequential interrogation of all PMU, with the issuance of commands to the executive bodies and the receipt of information from all MPC sensors; two-way exchange of information with RSO.

RSO (11) provides display to the operator on the screen of the monitor of the current state of the MPC control system in the form of mnemonic diagrams, issuing commands to control the PMU (5), NMOBP (7), NMOGP (8), NMOEP (9), performing diagnostic work on the equipment of the MPC control system and providing archiving operator.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the electrical connections of the NMOBP (7).

The composition of the NMOBP includes:

12 - input cabinet;

13 - rectifier;

14 - battery system;

15 - multifunctional block.

NMOBP works as follows:

The input cabinet (12) provides distribution of the input power supply of 380 V AC to the power supply channels 1 and 2. Positions 13-15 in figure 3 are duplicated for a single redundancy of the NMOBP (7). The rectifier (13) converts the input voltage of 380 V AC coming from the input cabinet (12) into a voltage of 216 V DC, which the multifunctional unit (15) switches to the battery system (14) and the electrical load connected to the NMOBP (7). The battery system (14) provides autonomous power supply to the electrical load connected to the NMOBP (7) when the central power supply is turned off. The organization of information communication with the NMU (10) and the transmission of diagnostic information to the NMOBP via the Modbus RTU RS485 protocol is provided by a multifunctional unit (15).

In FIG. Figure 4 shows a block diagram of the electrical and hydraulic connections of the NMOGP.

The composition of the NMOGP includes:

16 - hydraulic tank;

17 - pressure pump;

18 - block of automation and control;

19 - pressure transducer;

20 - hydraulic accumulator;

21 - filter;

22 - solenoid valve block.

The NMOHP works in the following way:

The automation and control unit (18) receives control signals from the NMU (10) via the Modbus RTU RS485 protocol, generates and transmits to the NMU (10) the status signals of the elements of the NMOGP (8), distributes the input power supply of 380 V AC to the pressure pumps (17) and converts the input voltage of 220 V DC coming from NMOBP (7) into a voltage of 24 V DC supplying the pressure transducers (19).

The hydraulic fluid is stored in the hydraulic tank (16), which performs the functions of accumulating and receiving hydraulic fluid in the return line from the PMU (5). The pumps (17) are controlled by the automation and control unit (19). Positions 17, 19-22 in figure 4 are duplicated for a one-time reservation of the NMOGP. The pumps (17) create and maintain the required pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic lines coming from the hydraulic tank (16). The pressure transducers (19) determine the pressure value in the hydraulic lines of the NMOGP (8) and transmit it as data to the automation and control unit (18) via the Modbus RTU RS485 protocol. To stabilize and ensure the required pressure in the hydraulic lines during the shutdown of the pressure pumps (17), hydraulic accumulators (20) are used in the NMOGP. Filters (21) are used to filter hydraulic fluid in hydraulic lines.

The solenoid valve block (22) is controlled by the automation and control unit (18), it opens or closes the supply of hydraulic fluid with the required pressure to the hydraulic line towards the PMU (5)

In FIG. Figure 5 shows a block diagram of the electrical connections of the NMOEP (9).

The structure of NMOEP (9) includes:

23 - generator;

24 - transformer.

Positions 23, 24 in Fig. 5 are duplicated for single redundancy of NMOEP.

The generator (23) provides information communication between the NMOEP (9) and the NMU (10) using the Modbus RTU RS485 protocol, converts the 216 V DC voltage coming from the NMOBP (7) into the 128 V AC voltage for the transformer (24). The transformer (24) converts the voltage of 128 V AC coming from the generator into a voltage of 3000 V AC, designed to power the PMR (2).

The figure 6 shows a block diagram of the electrical and optical connections NMU (10)

The NMU (10) includes:

25 - NMU server;

26 - engineer's workstation (RSI).

Position 25 in FIG. 6 is duplicated for a one-time NMU redundancy.

The NMU server (25) provides: collection and storage of information about the state of the BC (1) and MPC sensors (6); transmission of information about the current state of MPC sensors (6) via the Ethernet interface to remote RSOs (11); prompt access to information collected for a given period of time; transmission of control commands generated by the operator RSO (11) and RSI (26) to NMOGP (8) via the Modbus RTU RS485 data transfer protocol.

RSI (26) is intended for:

- display on the screen of the monitor information about the current state of the diagnostic parameters of the MPC control system;

- providing prompt access to information collected for a given period of time;

- ensuring differentiation of roles of access to management bodies and archival information of service personnel;

- formation and transmission of control commands to the PMU (5) via the Ethernet interface;

- formation and transmission of control commands to NMOGP (8) using the Modbus RTU RS485 data transfer protocol;

- settings for the interaction and operation of all equipment of the MPC control system.

NMU works like this:

PMR (2) is located on the PDK manifold and provides amplification and distribution of the optical signal on the line going to the PMU (5) and BC(1). PMR (2) reduces the input voltage of 3000 V AC to a voltage of 600 V AC and distributes it in the PMU power supply line. At the same time, the n-th number of PMUs can be connected to the PMR. The number of PMUs connected to the PMR is limited by the power of the NMOBP (7) and NMOEP (9) and PMR converters. Structurally, the PMR is a sealed cylindrical vessel filled with a dielectric liquid.

In FIG. Figure 7 shows a block diagram of the electrical and optical connections of the PMR.

The PMR includes:

27 - transformer 3000 V-600 V, designed to convert the voltage of 3000 V AC coming from the NMU into a voltage of 600 V AC for the PMU and a voltage of 50 V AC to power the PMR electronics container;

28 - PMR electronics container, designed for retransmission via two channels of an optical signal coming from the NMU to the PMU and in the opposite direction. Structurally, it is a sealed cylindrical vessel filled with an inert gas, designed to operate under high pressure.

References 27 and 28 in FIG. 7 are duplicated for a one-time reservation of the PMR.

Electrical splitters 3-1 - 3-N/2 and optical splitters 4-1 - 4-N/2 are passive devices for distributing electrical power and optical signals, respectively. The optical splitter divides the optical signal from the PMR into 4 lines going to the PMU. Electrical splitters distribute 600 V alternating current to 4 PMUs. Optical and electrical splitters are installed on cluster manifolds, at a distance of up to 12 km from the prefabricated manifold.

Subsea control modules (PMU) 5-1 - 5-N are located on the manifolds, or X-mas trees of the MPC and provide the distribution of hydraulic commands to their gate valves, valves and throttles, as well as the collection and transmission of data from the sensors of the MPC 6-1 - 6-N to the coastal complex via an optical data transmission line (FOCL). Structurally, PMU (2) is a sealed cylindrical vessel filled with a dielectric liquid.

In FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of the electrical, optical and hydraulic connections of the underwater control module.

The PMU includes:

29 - transformer 600 V-50 V;

30 - container power source PMU (KIP PMU);

31 - electronics container PMU (CE PMU;

32 - hydraulic block.

Items 29-31 in FIG. 8 are duplicated for a one-time PMU redundancy.

PMUs work as follows:

From the PMR, 600 V AC is supplied to the transformer 600-50 (29). Transformer 600-50 converts the voltage to 50 V AC, which is supplied to the instrumentation PMU (30). The instrumentation of the PMU converts the incoming voltage of 50 V AC to 24 V DC, for the CE PMU (31) and MPC sensors (6).

CE PMU (31) receives via optical data transmission line from NMU (10) control signals to generate commands for the hydraulic unit (32). The hydraulic unit (32) by command from the electronics container (32) switches the electromagnetic valves located in it, thereby distributing the hydraulic fluid supplied to the input hydraulic lines of the PMU (5) to the output hydraulic lines that are connected to the control bodies of the MPC. CE PMU (31) distributes power in the form of a voltage of 24 V DC to the hydraulic unit (32), collects data from the MPC 6-1 - 6-N sensors and the hydraulic unit (32) and transfers the collected data to the BC (1) via RS485 and CAN data exchange protocols.

Structurally, the instrumentation PMU (30) and the CE PMU (31) are a sealed cylindrical vessel filled with an inert gas, designed to operate under high pressure.

MPC sensors (6) are measuring transducers of the parameters of an underwater production complex in the form of a data package of RS485, CAN, etc. standards, placed in a protected sealed housing for use in underwater conditions.

The equipment of the presented PDK control system was implemented as part of the R&D of the PDK control system, tests were carried out with a positive result.

The achieved technical result of the MPC control system is to increase reliability due to a single redundancy and increase adaptability to changing the configuration of the location of production wells due to the topology of a peer star, while simplifying the power supply system by using alternating current in the power line to power underwater control modules.

Thus, a MPC control system is claimed, containing an onshore complex, an underwater distribution module, optical and electrical splitters, sensors in wells interconnected by optical, electrical and hydraulic connections, while the underwater distribution module provides amplification and distribution of the optical signal. The MPC control system is built according to the peer-to-peer topology, has a one-time hot standby in the form of two independent channels, each of which has a data transmission channel and an AC power supply channel, and also contains underwater control modules connected to the underwater distribution module through splitters.

Literature

BS EN ISO 13628-Part 6.

Claims (1)

A control system for an underwater production complex (SCS), containing an onshore complex, an underwater distribution module, optical and electrical splitters, well sensors interconnected by optical and electrical connections, in which the underwater distribution module provides amplification and distribution of the optical signal, characterized in that that the MPC control system is built according to the peer-to-peer topology, has a one-time hot standby in the form of two independent channels, each of which has a data transmission channel and an AC power supply channel, and also contains underwater control modules connected to the underwater distribution module through splitters.

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