RU2777464C1 - Method for foliar feeding of rice plants with cobalt in the conditions of kuban - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to methods for growing rice. The method includes a preliminary study of rice for cobalt content, ranking it into three groups with different cobalt content and determining the need for rice treatment with 1.0% aqueous cobalt solution depending on the cobalt content in it. Vegetating rice plants in the tillering phase are analyzed for their cobalt content after dry ashing at 525±25°C by the atomic absorption method and ranked into three groups: the first group includes plants containing less than 1.15 mg/kg of above-ground dry mass, the second - 1.15-1.40 mg/kg, the third group includes plants containing more than 1.40 mg/kg of above-ground dry mass. If rice plants contain cobalt less than 1.40 mg/kg, then foliar top dressing is carried out with a 0.1% aqueous solution of cobalt with a working solution flow rate of 300 l/ha.

EFFECT: method provides an increase in the yield of rice and a reduction in the consumption of cobalt-containing fertilizers.

1 cl, 3 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to methods for growing rice.

A method is known that includes foliar treatment of rice crops in the tillering phase (5-6 leaves) with an aqueous solution of cytovit fertilizer, which includes cobalt mixed with growth regulator epin-extra, at a dose of 50-200 ml/ha. The method allows to increase the viability of tillering shoots, their survival before harvesting, which contributes to the growth of grain yield (RF patent No. 2493695, class A01G 16/00, 2013).

A method is also known, including a preliminary study of rice for cobalt content, ranking it into three groups with different cobalt content and determining the need to treat rice with a 1.0% aqueous solution of cobalt depending on the cobalt content in it (RF patent No. 2746137, class A01G 16 / 00, 2020 - prototype).

A common disadvantage of the known technical solutions is the inability to determine the need for foliar treatment of vegetative rice plants with cobalt, since an excess of cobalt in rice plants significantly reduces the germination energy, which significantly reduces the yield of rice, as well as unjustified consumption of cobalt-containing fertilizers.

The technical result is to increase the yield of rice and reduce the consumption of cobalt-containing fertilizers by determining the need for foliar treatment of vegetative rice plants with fertilizers containing cobalt.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of foliar feeding of rice agrocenosis with cobalt in the Kuban conditions, including a preliminary study of rice for cobalt content, ranking it into three groups with different cobalt content and determining the need for rice treatment with a 1.0% aqueous solution of cobalt, depending on the content cobalt in it, according to the invention, vegetative rice plants in the phase of its tillering are analyzed for the content of cobalt in them after dry ashing at 525 ± 25 ° C by the atomic absorption method and they are ranked into three groups: the first group includes plants containing less than 1.15 mg/kg aboveground dry matter; the second - 1.15-1.40 and the third group includes plants containing more than 1.40 mg / kg of above-ground dry mass, if rice plants contain cobalt less than 1.40 mg / kg, then foliar top dressing is carried out 0.1% with an aqueous solution of cobalt with a consumption of a working solution of 300 l/ha.

The novelty of the proposed technical solution is due to the fact that by determining the need for foliar treatment of vegetative rice plants with cobalt, an increase in yield and a reduction in the consumption of cobalt-containing fertilizers are provided.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and have not been identified in the study of this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The inventive method is recommended to be used in agriculture for foliar feeding of vegetative rice plants, which meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The method of foliar feeding of rice agrocenosis with cobalt in the conditions of the Kuban is carried out as follows.

To assess the response of rice plants to foliar feeding of crops with cobalt, varieties belonging to the same ripeness group - mid-ripening, but with different ecological plasticity, were used. This is Rapan, a technogenic Khazar variety well adapted to environmental factors.

The studies were carried out on alluvial meadow soil. Experimental crops were placed on three checks of one rice map of the Kuban type, differing in the content of mobile cobalt in the soil, which was achieved by applying cobalt fertilizer for three years before sowing rice at the rate of Co ₀ , Co ₂ and Co ₄ according to a.w. Mobile cobalt was extracted from the soil according to Krupsky and Alexandrova with an acetate-buffer solution with a pH of 4.8 and was determined by the extraction-atomic-absorption method.

Before foliar feeding of rice crops with cobalt, plants were selected from each experimental plot and the cobalt content was determined after dry ashing at 525±25°C by the atomic absorption method. Then they were ranked into three groups: the first group included plants containing less than 1.15 mg/kg aboveground dry matter; the second - 1.15-1.40 and the third group included plants containing more than 1.40 mg/kg of above-ground dry mass. If rice plants contained cobalt less than 1.40 mg/kg, then foliar top dressing was carried out by treatment with a 0.1% aqueous solution of cobalt with a working solution flow rate of 300 l/ha. An example of a specific implementation of the proposed method Rice sowing was carried out in an ordinary way, the seeding depth was 0.5-1.0 cm, the seeding rate was 7 million seeds per 1 ha, the irrigation regime was short flooding. Foliar fertilization of rice crops with cobalt fertilizer [CoSO ₄ × 7H ₂ O] - cobalt sulfate) containing 21% cobalt was carried out in the tillering phase of plants with a 0.1% aqueous solution of the microelement. The consumption of the working solution was 300 l/ha. Before foliar fertilization of rice crops with cobalt fertilizer, plants were selected from each experimental plot and the content of the same microelement was determined. Cobalt in plants was determined after dry ashing at a temperature of 525±25°C by the atomic absorption method (table 1).

Before foliar feeding of rice crops with cobalt, they were ranked according to the content of the element of the same name into three groups: low-supplied (<1.15 mg/kg dry weight); average (1.15-1.40 mg / kg); high-supplied (>1.40 mg/kg). For carrying out foliar feeding of rice agrocenosis, ground equipment was used (table 2).

A direct dependence of the yield of rice with foliar fertilization of crops with cobalt on the content of the same microelement in plants in the tillering phase (r≈0.79-0.81) has been established.

Reliable increases in the yield of rice grains are obtained with foliar top dressing of crops with cobalt under conditions of low and medium content in the above-ground organs in the tillering phase. Therefore, in order to establish the need for foliar feeding of rice agrocenosis with cobalt and the expected effect of this agricultural method, it is necessary to be guided by the data of chemical analysis on the content of the same microelement in the above-ground mass of plants in the tillering phase (Table 3).

Claims (1)

A method for foliar feeding of rice plants with cobalt in Kuban conditions, including a preliminary study of rice for cobalt content, ranking it into three groups with different cobalt content and determining the need to treat rice with a 1.0% aqueous solution of cobalt depending on the cobalt content in it, characterized in that that vegetative rice plants in the tillering phase are analyzed for the content of cobalt in them after dry ashing at 525 ± 25 ° C by the atomic absorption method and are ranked into three groups: the first group includes plants containing less than 1.15 mg / kg of dry aerial masses; to the second - 1.15-1.40 mg / kg; the third group includes plants containing more than 1.40 mg/kg of above-ground dry mass, if rice plants contain cobalt less than 1.40 mg/kg, then foliar feeding is carried out with a 0.1% aqueous solution of cobalt with a consumption of a working solution of 300 l / ha.