RU2777057C1 - Milking machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to milking equipment in agriculture. The milking machine contains a vacuum source (1) with a vacuum line (2), a milk line (3) connected to a milk collector (4), milking machines (5) with pulsators (6), milking cups (7), milk (9) and vacuum ( 10) hoses for connecting milking machines to the vacuum line and milk line, flushing system (23) and milk tank. The milking machine is additionally equipped with an air duct (11) with devices for cleaning (12) and disinfecting (13) air, to which the collector (8) of the milking machine is connected, for which the collector body is equipped with an additional branch pipe for supplying purified and disinfected air to the milk chamber and exhaust milk into the milk pipeline. Moreover, a valve serves to shut off the vacuum from the milk pipeline to the milk chamber of the collector, and a distribution box is located in the upper part of the collector for distributing vacuum into the interwall chambers of the milking cups.

EFFECT: Bacteriological, viral, organoleptic and mechanical contamination of milk is reduced.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The invention relates to milking equipment in agriculture, namely, to installations for milking cows.

State of the art

Known milking machine for milking cows, including (See Mechanization and livestock technology / V. V. Kirsanov, D. N. Murusidze, V. F. Nekrashevich and others - M.: KolosS, 2007. - S. 443) milking machines, milk line, vacuum pipeline, distributors, milk dispenser, milk receiver, main vacuum line, vacuum unit. Milking machines include teat cups, vacuum and milk hoses, a pulsator, a manifold with a valve for sucking in air from the environment and a connecting tap.

The disadvantage of the milking machine is the contamination of milk with microflora and viruses, ammonia odors, mechanical particles from the air of the livestock building during milking and transportation of milk to the milk receiver, which enter the milk through the valve of the air supply manifold from the environment, which worsens the quality of milk.

It is known that opportunistic microflora is widespread both in animals and in the environment. A high degree of contamination of the air environment and other objects of livestock premises is a characteristic feature for modern farms, especially in conditions of a long stall period. In this case, animals are the source of the appearance of drop particles in different phases of the aerosol, which occurs, in particular, during the act of sneezing animals, etc. Air, getting into the milk from the livestock building, inoculates it with microorganisms, viruses, pollutes it with mechanical particles, ammonia and carbon dioxide. This reduces the quality of the milk and makes it unsafe for consumption.

A milking machine collector is known (See patent RU No. 2647719 C1, class A01J 5/00, publ. 2018.03.19), containing a body with milk inlet pipes and a cover connected to it, at the lower base of which a milk drain pipe is made, and inside The collector is equipped with a cone-shaped screw winding, made in the form of a gutter and facing with a large diameter to the inlet pipe of milk, and with a smaller diameter - to the drain milk pipe.

The disadvantage of this design is that the collector does not provide air supply as a medium for transporting milk to the milk collector.

Known collector of the milking machine (See Belyanchikov N. N., Smirnov A. I. Mechanization of animal husbandry. - 2nd ed., Revised and added. - M.: Kolos, 1983. - S. 189), containing the body of the collector , vacuum distributor, milk hose shut-off valve and rubber washer.

The disadvantage of this design is that air is supplied to the collector for transporting milk along with microorganisms and other pollutants from the livestock building, which reduces the quality and safety of milk.

The closest in technical essence and achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors as a prototype is a milking machine for milking cows, containing a milk line, milk vacuum taps, brackets, a milk receiving unit, a filter, a device for lifting branches of the milk line, milking machines with pulsators, collectors, milking cups and hoses, a cooler tank, a milk pipeline, a washing machine, a milking machine washing stand, tanks for liquid detergents (See Fedorenko I. Ya., Sadov V. V. Resource-saving technologies and equipment in animal husbandry: Textbook. - St. Petersburg: Publishing house "Doe", 2012. - S. 69-71).

The disadvantage of the installation is that the transportation of milk from the collectors of the milking machines through the hoses and the milk pipeline to the milk receiving unit is carried out due to the vacuum in the milk receiving unit and the suction of air from the environment through the valve in the manifold. Since there are mechanical and bacteriological pollution in the air in the livestock building, as a result of the operation of such a milking machine, the polluted air, technologically supplied to the milk and intensively mixing with it, transfers the pollution to the milk, thereby irreversibly deteriorating its quality. Subsequent technological operations for the purification and disinfection of milk reduce its natural healing and technological properties.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to develop a milking machine for milking animals, mainly cows, with cleaning, disinfection and air supply for transporting milk from the milk chambers of the milking machine collectors to the milk collector in order to preserve its natural healing and technological properties.

The technical result that can be achieved using the present invention is to reduce the bacteriological, viral, organoleptic and mechanical contamination of milk in order to preserve its natural healing and technological properties.

The technical result is achieved using a milking machine containing a vacuum source with a vacuum line, a milk line, a milk collector, milking machines with pulsators, milking cups, milk and vacuum hoses, a washing system and a milk tank, and the plant is additionally equipped with an air line with devices for cleaning and disinfecting air, to which the collector of the milking machine is connected, for which the collector body is equipped with an additional branch pipe for supplying purified and disinfected air to the milk chamber and draining milk into the milk pipeline and does not have a channel for sucking air from the atmosphere.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 shows the general scheme of the milking plant.

In FIG. 2 section A-A of the milking machine collector in working order.

In FIG. 3 section A-A of the milking machine collector with a closed pipe for transporting milk.

In FIG. 4 is a top view of the milking cluster manifold.

Implementation of the invention

The milking machine (Fig. 1) contains a vacuum system consisting of a vacuum source 1, a vacuum line 2 with control equipment, a milk line 3 connected to a milk collector 4, milking machines 5 with a pulsator 6, milking cups 7, a collector 8, a milk hose 9 and a vacuum a hose 10 for connecting milking machines to a vacuum line 2 and a milk line 3, as well as an air line 11 with devices for cleaning 12 and disinfecting 13 air. To the air line 11, the collector 8 of the milking machine is connected by a hose 14.

The milk collector 4 is connected to the milk line 3 and the milk tank 15. At the same time, the milk collector 4 is connected to the vacuum line 2.

The collector 8 (Fig. 2) consists of the upper part 16 with nozzles 17 for connecting the suction chambers of milking cups, and the milk chamber 18, which has a nozzle 19 for supplying purified and disinfected air and a nozzle 20 for transporting milk. Valve 21 is used to close the vacuum from the milk line 3 to the milk chamber 18 of the collector. In the upper part of the collector there is a junction box 22 for distributing the vacuum into the interwall chambers of the milking cups.

Washing of the milking machine is carried out using the washing system 23.

The operation of the milking machine is as follows.

When milking animals, the vacuum from the vacuum source 1 is supplied to the vacuum line 2 and through the vacuum hose 10 and the junction box 22 to the interwall chambers of the milking cups 7. chamber 18 of the collector 8. As a result, milk from the udder of the animal enters the milk chamber 18.

Purified and disinfected in the devices 12 and 13, the air through the air duct 11, the hose 14 and the branch pipe 19 for supplying purified and disinfected air of the collector enters the milk chamber 18, where, mixing with milk, through the branch pipe 20 for transporting milk and the milk hose 9 enters sequentially into milk pipeline 3, milk collector 4 and milk tank 15.

The removal of the milking machine from the udder of the animal is carried out by closing the vacuum in the milk chamber 18 of the collector and the blocked pipe 20 for transporting milk when the valve 21 is lowered.

This installation ensures the reduction of bacteriological, viral, organoleptic and mechanical contamination of milk and preserves its natural healing and technological properties.

The present invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:

– preservation of the natural healing and technological properties of milk by reducing its bacteriological, viral and mechanical pollution, including pathogenic microorganisms by cleaning and disinfecting the air and using it as a medium for transporting milk in a milking machine.

Claims (1)

Milking machine containing a vacuum source with a vacuum line, a milk line connected to a milk collector, milking machines with pulsators, milking cups, milk and vacuum hoses for connecting milking machines to a vacuum line and a milk line, a flushing system and a milk tank, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an air line with devices for cleaning and disinfecting air, to which the collector of the milking machine is connected, for which the body of the collector is equipped with an additional branch pipe for supplying purified and disinfected air to the milk chamber and draining milk into the milk pipeline, and a valve is used to block the vacuum from the milk pipeline to the milk chamber of the collector, and in the upper part of the collector there is a distribution box for distributing the vacuum into the interwall chambers of the teat cups.

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