RU2776873C2 - Methods for determination of beam after indication to communication line of pair of beams - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wireless communication.

SUBSTANCE: wireless communication method provides for the transmission of service signals and switch of communication lines of a pair of beams (hereinafter – BPL) for directed transmission beams between a base station and user equipment (hereinafter – UE). A threshold value is determined, which corresponds to the amount of time for UE to receive and decode control information and use BPL different from the current BPL, which is used. UE can maintain BPL for data, which is used during data transmission time intervals (hereinafter – TTI) until an indication is received to change BPL for data. UE and the base station can determine the necessity for change between BPL at least partially based on the threshold value and displacement in dispatching between the transmission via a control channel, which allocates resources for TTI data, and the beginning of TTI data.

EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of network operation via transmissions using preferable BPL beam pairs, which can maintain higher rates of data transmission, lower error frequencies in one or more BPL indications.

34 cl, 20 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

Cross references

[0001] This patent application claims priority over U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/588180 by Subramanian et al., entitled "Methods for Beam Determination After Beam Pair Link Indication", filed November 17, 2017; and U.S. Patent Application No. 16/192020 by Subramanian et al. entitled "Methods for Beam Determination After Beam Pair Link Indication", filed November 15, 2018; each of which is assigned to the assignee of this document.

State of the art

[0002] The following generally relates to wireless communication, and more specifically, to methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair.

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (eg, frequency, time, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as systems based on the new radio standard (NR). These systems may use technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or OFDM with Discrete Fourier Transform Spreading (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless communication system with multiple access may include a certain number of base stations or network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, which may be otherwise known as "user equipment (UE)".

[0004] In some cases, base stations and UEs may transmit using relatively high frequencies, referred to as millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies, at which the base station and UE may communicate via one or more beam beams. The transmitter (eg, base station) may participate in the beam sweep procedure to establish an active beam pair with the receiver (eg, UE). The active beam pair may include a transmitter active transmit beam and a corresponding receiver active receive beam. The transmitted beams and the received beams in the active beam pair may be refined, for example, through beam refinement procedures. When the base station and the UE identify a preferred beam, a beam pair active link (BPL) may be set up for communication. In some cases, two or more BPLs may be identified, and the base station and the UE may switch to different BPLs for transmissions, eg, based on the channel state. Techniques that can provide more efficient BPL change at the UE and the base station may be required to help improve network performance.

The essence of the invention

[0005] The described technologies relate to advanced methods, systems, devices, or equipment that support beam determination after specifying a link from a pair of beams. Typically, the described technologies provide signaling and beam pair switching (BPL) for directional transmission paths between a base station and a user equipment (UE). In some cases, a threshold may be determined that corresponds to the amount of time for the UE to receive and decode control information and apply a BPL different from the current BPL that is being used. In some cases, the UE may maintain the BPL for the data that is used during the TTI of the data until an indication is received to change the BPL for the data. In some cases, the UE and the base station may determine whether to change between the BPL, at least in part, based on the threshold and the scheduling offset between a transmission on a control channel that allocates resources for a transmission time interval (TTI) of the data, and the start of the data TTI. .

[0006] In some cases, if the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, the UE is unable and presumably should not switch beams before the start of the data TTI. In some cases, if the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, the UE may ignore the BPL indication provided in the control channel information and receive the data TTI using the BPL for the data that was used in the previous data TTI. In other cases, if the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, the UE may identify the BPL indication provided in the control information and verify that the BPL for the data used for the corresponding data TTI matches the indicated BPL. In the event that the BPL indicated in the control information does not match the BPL for data used by the UE for the corresponding data TTI, the UE may determine that an error occurs on reception of the previous BPL indication (e.g., due to a failure in receiving and decoding the previous control transmission). information), and the UE may proceed to a procedure to correct the error (eg, through a random access request or transmission on a control channel on another carrier). In some cases, the procedure for correcting the error may include identifying the BPL indication provided in the control information and changing the BPL for the data to the indicated BPL for the TTI data that starts after the control channel transmission time plus a threshold.

[0007] In some cases, if the scheduling offset exceeds a threshold, the UE may switch the BPL for data to the BPL that is indicated in the control information at the beginning of the corresponding TTI of the data. The UE may apply the data BPL for all subsequent TTIs until it receives other control information from which the UE may determine what to change its data BPL.

[0008] In cases where the base station determines that the BPL for communication should change based on the channel state, the base station may indicate a change in the subsequent transmission of control information. In some cases, the base station may identify a threshold at the UE that corresponds to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a different BPL. The base station may then provide an indication of changing the BPL for the data at the UE based on the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold, and the BPL indication. All of this information indicates to the UE whether the data BPL should be changed, the BPL change time, and the new value for the data BPL.

[0009] The wireless communication method is described below. The method may include establishing, at the UE, a first connection with a base station using a first link of a beam pair (BPL), maintaining a BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs), identifying a threshold value corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL based at least in part on said indication, receiving the first transmission of control information at the first time, wherein the first transmission control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and an indication of a BPL, determining, at least in part, based on a threshold and a scheduling offset, that whether or not to switch BPL for data, and time switching to perform switching; and switching the BPL for data to the second BPL at the time of switching in response to determining whether to switch the BPL for data.

[0010] A device for wireless communication is described below. The apparatus may include means for establishing, at the user equipment, a first connection to a base station using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL), means for maintaining a BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals ( TTI) data, means for identifying a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL based at least in part on said indication, means for receiving the first transmission control information at a first time, wherein the first transmission of the control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and an indication of the BPL, means for determining at least partially , based on threshold scheduling and offsetting whether or not to switch the data BPL, and a switch time to perform the switch, and means for switching the data BPL to the second BPL at the time of switching in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL.

[0011] Another device for wireless communication is described below. The device may include a processor, a memory device in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory device. The instructions may be configured to instruct the processor to establish, at the user equipment, the first connection to the base station using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL), maintain the BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals (TTI ) data, identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication, to receive the first transmission of control information at the first time, wherein the first transmission of the control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and an indication of the BPL, determined at least in part based on a threshold, and displacement i when scheduling, then whether or not to switch the data BPL, and the switch time to perform the switch, and switch the data BPL to the second BPL at the time of the switch in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL.

[0012] Non-transitory computer-readable media for wireless communication is described below. The non-transitory computer-readable medium may include instructions configured to cause a processor to establish, at the user equipment, a first connection to a base station using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL), maintain a BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL, and are used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs), identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication, to receive the first transmission of control information at a first time, wherein the first transmission of control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and indicating a BPL to determine, by at least in part, based on the threshold and the scheduling offset, whether or not to switch the data BPL, and the switch time to perform the switch, and switch the data BPL to the second BPL during the switch in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL .

[0013] In some of the examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the determination comprises determining whether to switch the BPL for the data based at least in part on determining that the scheduling offset may be greater than or equal to a threshold, and switch the data BPL to the second BPL at the second time. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the determination comprises determining whether to maintain the first BPL as the data BPL based on determining that the scheduling offset may be less than a threshold.

[0014] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above may further include processes, features, means, or instructions for identifying that an error has occurred when receiving a prior BPL indication, based at least in part on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold and the indicated BPL is different from the BPL for the data at the second time. Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above may further include processes, features, means, or instructions for correcting, after identifying an error upon receiving a previous BPL indication, a BPL for data supported by a UE, and using the corrected The data BPL after the first time plus the threshold, unless it is overwritten by another signaled data BPL switch occurring between the second time and the first time plus the threshold.

[0015] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the determination comprises determining whether to switch the BPL for data to the second BPL based at least in part on determining that the scheduling offset may be less than a threshold. , with effective onset at first time plus a threshold value. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the determination comprises determining whether to switch the BPL for data to the second BPL at the first time plus a threshold regardless of the scheduling offset. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the foregoing.

[0016] The wireless communication method is described below. The method may include establishing, at a base station, a first connection with a user equipment (UE) using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL), maintaining a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals (TTI ) data, changing the BPL for the data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel conditions, identifying a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply another BPL, at least in part, on based on the indication, allocating resources to the UE for the first data TTI, determining a scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the beginning of the first data TTI, and transmitting control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset, assigning for the first TTI of the data and an indication of the BPL, while the offset n In scheduling, the control information transmission time, the threshold, and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the BPL for data should be changed, and the BPL change time.

[0017] The following describes a device for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for establishing, at a base station, a first connection with a user equipment (UE) using a first communication link of a pair of beams (BPL), means for maintaining a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during the intervals transmission time (TTI) of the data, means for changing the BPL for the data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel conditions, means for identifying a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply another BPL based at least in part on said indication, means for allocating resources to the UE for a first data TTI, means for determining a scheduling offset between transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the beginning of the first data TTI, and means for transmitting control information at the UE, wherein the control information includes an offset scheduling, the assignment for the first data TTI and the BPL indication, and the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold value and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the data BPL should be changed, and the BPL change time.

[0018] Another device for wireless communication is described below. The device may include a processor, a memory device in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory device. The instructions may be configured to instruct the processor to establish, at the base station, the first connection to a user equipment (UE) using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL), maintain a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used for time intervals. data transmission (TTI), change the data BPL to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel conditions, identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication, and apply another BPL at least in part, based on said indication, allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI, determine the scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the beginning of the first data TTI, and transmit control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset , destination for first TTI data and the BPL indication, and thus the scheduling offset, the transmission time of the control information, the threshold value and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the BPL for the data should be changed, and the change time of the BPL.

[0019] Non-transitory computer-readable media for wireless communication is described below. The non-transitory computer-readable medium may include instructions configured to cause a processor to establish, at a base station, a first connection with a user equipment (UE) using a first link of a beam pair (BPL), maintain a BPL for data that is initialized with of the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals (TTIs) of the data, change the BPL for data to the second BPL based on at least one or more channel states, identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply another BPL based at least in part on said indication, allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI, determine a scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the start of the first data TTI, and transmit control information to the UE, wherein control information includes the scheduling offset, the assignment for the first data TTI, and the BPL indication, and wherein the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold, and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the data BPL should be changed, and the BPL change time.

[0020] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the BPL change for data for the first data TTI may be indicated by a scheduling offset greater than or equal to a threshold. Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above may further include processes, features, means, or instructions for determining that a BPL change for data should not be transmitted when the scheduling offset may be less than a threshold.

[0021] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, when the scheduling offset may be less than a threshold, the BPL indicated in the control information indicates the BPL used for the first data TTI. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, a BPL change for data may be indicated by a scheduling offset less than a threshold, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus the threshold.

[0022] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the BPL change for data may be indicated regardless of the scheduling offset, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus a threshold. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described above, the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the foregoing.

Brief description of the drawings

[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates an example system for wireless communication that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communication subsystem that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 3-8 illustrate examples of timings between control information transmissions and associated data TTIs that support methods for beam determination after a beam pair link has been specified, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 9 illustrates an example processing flow that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 10-12 show block diagrams of an apparatus that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 13 illustrates a block diagram of a system including a UE that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 14-16 show block diagrams of an apparatus that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 17 illustrates a block diagram of a system including a base station that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 18-20 illustrate methods for methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Detailed description of the invention

[0032] The various technologies described provide signaling and beam pair link switching (BPL) for directed transmission paths between a base station and user equipment (UE). In some cases, a threshold may be determined that corresponds to the amount of time for the UE to receive and decode control information and apply a BPL different from the current BPL that is being used. In some cases, the UE may maintain the BPL for the data that is used during the TTI of the data until an indication is received to change the BPL for the data. In some cases, the UE and the base station may determine whether to change between the BPL, at least in part, based on the threshold and the scheduling offset between a transmission on a control channel that allocates resources for a transmission time interval (TTI) of the data, and the start of the data TTI. .

[0033] As mentioned above, in mmW systems, a base station and a UE may communicate via one or more steered beams, and the base station may participate in a beam sweep operation in order to establish an active transmit beam with the UE. The base station may also participate in beam tracking in order to maintain a connection with the UE. In some cases, the base station, as part of the beamsweep procedure, may perform an inter-sector sweep with lower gain wide beamforms to establish a primary connection. The base station may then perform beam refinement using narrower, higher gain beams, and the UE and the base station may identify one or more BPLs that are suitable for subsequent communication. After the BPLs are identified, the base station may signal to the UE which BPL should be used for the data TTI, which may include the uplink data TTI in which data is transmitted from the UE to the base station, the downlink TTI , in which data is transmitted from the base station to the UE, or a combination of the above. The base station may, in some cases, perform a continuous beam tracking process in order to identify a preferred BPL for communication with the UE. For example, the first BPL may be a data BPL, and the base station may determine that the second BPL has a better channel condition and should be used in subsequent transmissions (eg, due to signal fading or blocking of the first BPL).

[0034] To switch between BPLs, various technologies, for example, as described herein, provide dynamic BPL switching. For purposes of dynamic switching, the BPL may be transmitted to the UE in an identical control information message (eg, downlink control information (DCI)) that contains a data TTI scheduling assignment (eg, transmission on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). )). For example, the DCI may contain a BPL indication (which may also be referred to as a spatial quasi-collocation (QCL) indication), TTI details, and scheduling offset. The scheduling offset indicates the time between the symbol that contains the DCI and the start of the associated data TTI. However, as mentioned above, the UE may take a certain period of time to receive and decode the BPL switch indication and perform the BPL switch, and such a period of time is referred to herein as a threshold. In case the base station determines the need to switch the BPL, the scheduling offset to indicate such a change, which is implemented in the UE for the data TTI, must be greater than or equal to the threshold value. Various aspects of the present disclosure provide technologies for indicating a BPL for data at a UE and for UE actions based on received indications regarding the BPL. Such technologies may allow relatively fast switching between BPLs and may also provide opportunities for the UE to identify whether or not an error occurs in one or more BPL indications. Such technologies can improve network performance through transmissions using preferred BPLs that can support higher data rates, lower error rates, or combinations of the above.

[0035] Initially, aspects of the disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communication system. Thereafter, various examples of timings for indications regarding BPL for data and associated TTI data and processing flows are described. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to device diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair.

[0036] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 100 in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Wireless communication system 100 includes base stations 105, UEs 115, and core network 130. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network (also referred to as 4G network) or a new radio standard (NR) network (also referred to as 5G network). In some cases, wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband, ultra-reliable (ie, mission-critical) communication, low latency communication, and communication with low cost, low complexity devices. The wireless communication system 100 may support mmW transmissions and beam switching technologies for BPL switching, as explained herein.

[0037] Base stations 105 may communicate wirelessly with UE 115 via one or more base station antennas. Base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as base transceiver station, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), node Next generation B or giga-node B (either of which may be referred to as gNB), native node B, native enhanced node B, or some other appropriate term. The wireless communication system 100 may include various types of base stations 105 (eg, macro cell or small cell base stations). The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of base stations 105 and network equipment, including macro eNBs, small cell eNBs, gNBs, relay base stations, and the like.

[0038] Each base station 105 may be associated with a specific geographic coverage area 110 in which communication is maintained with different UEs 115. Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110 via links 125, and links 125 between base station 105 and UE 115 may use one or more carriers. Links 125 shown in wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmissions from UE 115 to base station 105 or downlink transmissions from base station 105 to UE 115. Downlink transmissions may also be referred to as " forward link transmissions", while uplink transmissions may also be referred to as "reverse link transmissions".

[0039] Geographic coverage area 110 for base station 105 may be divided into sectors constituting only a portion of geographic coverage area 110, and each sector may be associated with a cell. For example, each base station 105 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, small cell, public access point, or other types of cells, or various combinations of the foregoing. In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area 110 . In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, and overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by an identical base station 105 or by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include including, for example, a heterogeneous LTE/LTE-A or NR network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for different geographic coverage areas 110.

[0040] UE 115 may be distributed over wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be fixed or mobile. UE 115 may also be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or user equipment, or some other appropriate term, and "device" may also be referred to as a module, station, terminal, or client. UE 115 may also be a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may also mean a wireless subscriber access station (WLL), an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled device, an Internet of Things (IoE)-enabled device, or an MTC device, etc., which may be implemented in various products such as appliances, vehicles, meters, etc.

[0041] In some cases, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 (eg, using a device-to-device (D2D) or peer-to-peer (P2P) protocol). In such cases, the first UE 115 may be a transmitter and the other UE 115 may be a receiver. One or more of a group of UEs 115 using D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions. from base station 105. In some cases, groups of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may use a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some cases, base station 105 facilitates resource scheduling for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without the involvement of base station 105.

[0042] Base stations 105 can communicate with core network 130 and with each other. For example, base stations 105 may communicate with core network 130 via backhaul links 132 (eg, via S1 or another interface). Base stations 105 may communicate with each other over backhaul links 134 (eg, via X2 or another interface) either directly (eg, directly between base stations 105) or indirectly (eg, via core network 130).

[0043] Core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), which may include at least one mobility management entity (MME), at least one serving gateway (S-GW), and at least one one packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW). The MME may manage non-access layer functions (eg, control planes), such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management, for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the EPC. User IP packets may be transmitted through the S-GW, which may directly connect to the P-GW. The P-GW may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The P-GW can connect to IP services of network operators. Operator IP services may include access to the Internet, intranet(s), IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet switched streaming (PS) service.

[0044] At least some network devices, such as base station 105, may include sub-components such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity may communicate with UE 115 through a number of other transmitting access network entities, which may be referred to as a radio head, smart radio head, or transmit/receive point (TRP). In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity or base station 105 may be distributed across different network devices (eg, radio heads and access network controllers) or consolidated into a single network device (eg, base station 105).

[0045] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, for example, in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. In some cases, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter frequency band, since the wavelengths vary from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and surrounding features. However, the waves can penetrate structures sufficiently to provide, via a macro cell, services to UE 115 located in an enclosed area. UHF transmission may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter range (e.g., less than 100 km) compared to transmission using lower frequencies and longer wavelengths of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz .

[0046] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the super high frequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter frequency band. The SHF domain includes frequency bands such as the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands at 5 GHz that can be used opportunistically by devices that can tolerate interference from other users.

[0047] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (eg, 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between UEs 115 and base stations 105, and the EHF antennas of the respective devices may be even smaller and more closely spaced than the UHF antennas. In some cases, this may simplify the use of antenna arrays at UE 115. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to even more atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The technologies disclosed in this document may be used for transmissions that use one or more different frequency domains, and the indicated frequency band usage for these frequency domains may differ depending on the country or regulatory authority.

[0048] In some cases, wireless communication system 100 may use mmW communication between UE 115 and base stations 105, which may use beamforming technologies to transmit and receive transmissions. Devices operating in the mmW or EHF bands may have multiple antennas to allow for beamforming. Thus, base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering or directional transmission) is a signal processing technique that, may be used at a transmitter (eg, base station 105) to shape and/or steer a complete antenna beam towards a target receiver (eg, UE 115). This can be achieved by combining elements in the antenna array such that transmitted signals at particular angles are subject to constructive interference while others are subject to destructive interference. Adjusting the signals transmitted through the antenna elements may include a transmitter or receiver applying certain amplitude and phase offsets to the signals carried through each of the antenna elements associated with the device. The controls associated with each of the antenna elements may be specified by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (eg, relative to the transmitter or receiver antenna array, or relative to some other orientation).

[0049] In some cases, wireless communication system 100 may use licensed and unlicensed radio frequency bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may use licensed auxiliary band access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed Spectrum Radio Access (LTE-U), or NR technology in an unlicensed frequency band, such as the 5 GHz ISM band. . When operating in unlicensed RF spectrum bands, wireless devices such as base stations 105 and UEs 115 may use listen before you speak (LBT) procedures to ensure that a frequency channel is idle, before transferring data. In some cases, operations in unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation (CA) configuration in combination with CCs operating in the licensed band (eg, LAA). Unlicensed spectrum operations may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, peer-to-peer transmissions, or a combination thereof. Duplex in unlicensed spectrum can be based on frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), or a combination of the above. In some cases, mmW transmissions may use the unlicensed high band and a separate anchor carrier may be installed in the lower band.

[0050] As noted above, some signals (eg, synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by base station 105 repeatedly in different directions in a beam sweep operation, which may include signal transmission according to various sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify (eg, by base station 105 or a receiver such as UE 115) a beam direction for subsequent transmission and/or reception by base station 105. Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiver may be transmitted by the base station 105 in one beam direction (eg, in the direction associated with the receiver, such as UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along one beam direction may be determined at least in part based on a signal that is transmitted in different beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions, and UE 115 may indicate to base station 105 an indication of the signal it receives with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality. Although these technologies are described with reference to signals transmitted in one or more directions by base station 105, UE 115 may use similar technologies to transmit signals repeatedly in different directions (eg, to identify a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115), or to transmit a signal in one direction (for example, to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0051] The receiver (eg, UE 115, which may be an example of an mmW receiver) may try multiple received beams when receiving different signals from base station 105, such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals . For example, the receiver may try multiple reception directions by receiving through different antenna sub-arrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna sub-arrays, by receiving according to different received beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing the received signals according to different received beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at the plurality of antenna elements of the antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different received beams or receiving directions. In some examples, the receiver may use one received beam to receive along one beam direction (eg, when receiving a data signal). A single received beam may be aligned in a beam direction determined at least in part based on listening to different received beam directions (e.g., the beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio, or otherwise acceptable quality). signal, at least in part, based on hearing according to several directions of the beam).

[0052] In some cases, wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-switched network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication in a bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer may be based on IP. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer may, in some cases, perform packet segmentation and reassembly in order to exchange data over logical channels. The medium access control (MAC) layer may perform priority processing and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also use hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) to provide retransmission in the MAC layer to improve link utilization efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer may provide the establishment, configuration and maintenance of an RRC connection between UE 115 and base station 105 or core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. At the physical layer (PHY), transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0053] The term "carrier" means a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a given physical layer structure to support communication over link 125. For example, link carrier 125 may include a portion of the RF spectrum band that operates according to physical layer channels for a given radio access technology. Each physical layer channel may carry user data, control information, or other overhead. The carrier may be associated with a predetermined frequency channel (eg, Absolute E-UTRA RF Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be positioned according to the channel pattern for discovery by UE 115. The carriers may be a downlink or an uplink (eg, in FDD mode) or configured to carry communication in the downlink and uplink (eg, in TDD mode). In some examples, waveforms transmitted on a carrier may be composed of multiple subcarriers (eg, using multiple carrier modulation (MCM) technologies such as OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM).

[0054] The organizational structure of the carriers may differ for different radio access technologies (eg, LTE, LTE-A, NR, etc.). For example, carrier communication may be organized according to TTIs or timeslots, each of which may include user data as well as control information or signaling to support decoding of user data. The carrier may also include dedicated transmission of receiving signaling (eg, synchronization signals or system information, etc.) and transmission of control signaling that coordinates the operation for the carrier. In some examples (eg, in a carrier aggregation configuration), the carrier may also have receive signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers.

[0055] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various technologies. The physical control channel and the physical data channel may be multiplexed on the downlink carrier, for example, using time division multiplexing (TDM) technologies, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technologies or hybrid TDM-FDM technologies. In some examples, control information transmitted over a physical control channel may be distributed among different control regions in a cascaded manner (eg, between a common control region or a common search space and one or more UE-specific control regions or UE-specific search spaces).

[0056] As mentioned above, in some cases, communication between UE 115 and base station 105 may be established using a first BPL having an associated uplink transmission beam and a downlink transmission beam. Base station 105, UE 115, or both, may periodically measure one or more channel conditions and may determine whether a first BPL or a different second BPL may or may not be more appropriate for subsequent transmissions. When determining that the second BPL is to be used for subsequent transmissions at base station 105 (eg, via channel measurements or signaling from UE 115 with channel measurements), the second BPL may be indicated to UE 115 in control information transmission (eg, in DCI -transmission using the PDCCH). Depending on the scheduling offset and the threshold for receiving control information and changing the BPL at UE 115, UE 115 may receive the control information and determine whether or not the BPL should change. Such technologies can improve network performance through transmissions using preferred BPLs that can support higher data rates, lower error rates, or combinations of the above.

[0057] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications subsystem 200 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication subsystem 200 may include a base station 105-a and a UE 115-a, which may be examples of the respective devices described with reference to FIG. 1. Base station 105-a and UE 115-a may communicate using one or more beams. In the wireless communication system 200, a transmitter (eg, base station 105-a) may participate in a beam sweep operation in order to establish an active BPL with a receiver (eg, UE 115-a).

[0058] In some examples, the beamsweep operation and any associated beam refinement procedures to establish an active BPL between UE 115-a and base station 105-a can identify the number of suitable BPLs that can be used for mmW communication. In some examples, base station 105-a may use the first port to transmit relatively wide beams 205 (eg, analog beams) that may be transmitted to different sectors or geographical directions. In the example of FIG. 2, the first wide beam 205-a may be transmitted in a first direction, the second wide beam 205-b may be transmitted in a second direction, and the third wide beam 205-c may be transmitted in a third direction. In some examples, the multi-tone gain corresponding to wide beams 205 may be close to equal.

[0059] In some cases, wide beams 205 may not be narrow enough or have high enough gain to be the preferred directional transmit beam for use in BPL. Transmissions from UE 115-a can be more freely received and decoded if received via a highly directional and refined transmit beam. Therefore, it may be advantageous for base station 105-a to use beam refinement to generate narrower beamformed signals of refined beams 210, which may have narrower coverage but higher gain. UE 115-a may identify which of the refined beams 210 is received with the highest gain and may indicate one or more such beams to base station 105-a, which may be used to identify one or more BPLs that are suitable for communications between UE 115-a and base station 105-a. In some cases, base station 105-a may perform similar measurements on beams 215 transmitted from UE 115-a to determine one or more BPLs that are suitable for communication.

[0060] In some cases, base station 105-a and UE 115-a may operate in a non-autonomous configuration in which the mmW communication has an associated low band carrier or anchor carrier. In some cases, some or all of the control information may be transmitted between UE 115-a and base station 105-a using such a low frequency carrier band, and data TTIs may mean TTIs that are used to transmit data using mmW-BPL high frequency bands. In some cases, as explained in more detail below, base station 105-a may provide indications in control information, for example, in DCI transmissions to UE 115-a, BPL and scheduling offsets for TTI data, and the BPL indication indicates to UE 115 -a whether or not the BPL for the data TTI, the BPL change time, and the associated BPL should be changed. In other cases, a stand-alone configuration may be used in which all control and data transmissions are transmitted using mmW highband carriers.

[0061] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of timings between transmissions of control information and associated data TTIs 300 that support methods for determining a beam after specifying a beam pair link, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, timing synchronizations between transmissions of control information and associated data TTIs 300 may be used to implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

[0062] In the example of FIG. 3, a base station (eg, base station 105 of FIG. 1 or 2) may transmit scheduling or resource allocation assignments 310 for corresponding data TTIs 305 . In some cases, scheduling assignments 310 may be sent on a control channel (eg, PDCCH) in DCI. In some cases, scheduling assignments 310 may be transmitted using the low frequency anchor carrier band and the data TTI 305 may use high mmW carrier bands. In other cases, scheduling assignments 310 and data TTIs 305 may use high frequency mmW carriers. The data TTI 305 may be an uplink TTI, a downlink TTI, or combinations of the foregoing, which may include physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions in which data can be transmitted.

[0063] In some examples, the DCI may contain a BPL indication (also referred to as a spatial quasi-collocation (QCL) indication), TTI details (eg, uplink or downlink resources, etc.), and a scheduling offset (s _i ). . The scheduling offset indicates, in some cases, the time between the symbol that contains the DCI and the start of the associated data TTI. In the example of FIG. 3, the first scheduling destination 315 may include an assignment for the first data TTI 340 (TTI ₀ ) and may indicate a first scheduling offset s ₀ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t ₀ of the first scheduling destination 315 and the start time of the first data TTI 340. In this example, the second scheduling destination 320 may include an assignment for a second data TTI 345 (TTI ₁ ) and may indicate a second scheduling offset s ₁ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t _{1 of} the second scheduling destination 320 and the start time of the second TTI 345 data, with similar scheduling assignments for the third scheduling destination 325, the fourth scheduling destination 330, and the fifth scheduling destination 335 that schedule the respective third data TTI 350 (TTI ₂ ), fourth data TTI 355 (TTI ₃ ), and fifth data TTI 360 (TTI ₄ ).

[0064] As indicated in the example of FIG. 3, scheduling offsets can vary in length, and thus the order of the TTI need not match the order of the associated DCIs with the scheduling assignments. In the example of FIG. 3, for example, the third data TTI 350 (TTI ₂ ) is preceded by the fourth data TTI 355 (TTI ₃ ). As explained, scheduling assignments 310 may include a BPL or QCL indication, referred to as b _i , and a UE (eg, UE 115 of FIG. 1 or 2) may use a beam compatible with b _i during the associated data TTI _i . However, as noted above, the UE may take some time to decode the DCI and scheduling assignment, retrieve the BPL- or QCL indication, and prepare an associated beam to be ready when the data TTI _i starts. In some cases, the threshold value, referred to as time k, may represent an upper limit on the time it takes for the UE to decode the DCI and prepare the beam corresponding to the indicated BPL. In some cases, both the base station and the UE may be aware of the K threshold, and different beam scheduling rules may be implemented that depend on K. In some cases, the K threshold may either be part of the radio link specification, or may be set after the UE or multiple UEs signal their individual thresholds K between DCI reception and beam ready to the base station. The base station may use one k value for each individual UE, or one K value for a group of UEs, or one K value for all UEs.

это является невозможным. Различные аспекты настоящего раскрытия сущности предоставляют технологии для определения BPL, которую следует использовать для TTI на основе значения k, смещения при диспетчеризации и BPL или QCL, указываемого в назначении диспетчеризации, которое может предоставлять планировщик в базовой станции с относительно высокой гибкостью с относительно небольшими смещениями при диспетчеризации. Такие технологии могут обеспечивать возможность базовой станции предоставлять низкую задержку для определенных пакетов.[0065] In cases where the scheduling offset s _i is greater than or equal to K, the UE has enough time to prepare a beam compatible with b _i , and in the remaining case

this is impossible. Various aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for determining the BPL to use for TTI based on the k value, the scheduling offset, and the BPL or QCL specified in the scheduling assignment that the scheduler in the base station can provide with relatively high flexibility with relatively small offsets when dispatching. Such technologies may allow the base station to provide low latency for certain packets.

[0066] FIG. 4 illustrates another example of timings between control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 400, that support methods for beam determination after a beam pair link has been specified, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, timing synchronizations between transmissions of control information and associated data TTIs as well as associated BPLs 400 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

[0067] In the example of FIG. 4, in the same way as explained with respect to FIG. 3, a base station (eg, base station 105 of FIG. 1 or 2) may transmit scheduling or resource allocation assignments 410 for corresponding data TTIs 405. Scheduling assignments 410 may be sent over a control channel (eg, PDCCH) in the DCI, as discussed above. In some cases, scheduling assignments 410 may be transmitted using a low frequency anchor carrier band, and data TTIs 405 may use high mmW carrier bands. In other cases, scheduling and data TTI assignments 410 may use mmW carrier bands. The data TTI 405 may be an uplink TTI, a downlink TTI, or combinations of the foregoing, which may include physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions in which data can be transmitted.

[0068] As noted above, the DCI may contain a BPL indication (also referred to as a spatial quasi-collocation (QCL) indication), TTI details (eg, uplink or downlink resources, etc.), and a scheduling offset (s _i ). . In this example, some scheduling assignments 410 may include a BPL indication b _i (or a QCL indication). The scheduling offset indicates, in some cases, the time between the symbol that contains the DCI and the start of the associated data TTI. In the example of FIG. 4, similarly to that explained in FIG. 3, the first scheduling destination 415 may include an assignment for the first data TTI 440 (TTI ₀ ) and may indicate a first scheduling offset s ₀ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t ₀ of the first scheduling destination 415 and the start time of the first data TTI 440. In this example, the second scheduling destination 420 may include an assignment for a second data TTI 445 (TTI ₁ ) and may indicate a second scheduling offset s ₁ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t _{1 of} the second scheduling destination 420 and the start time of the second TTI 445 data, with similar scheduling assignments for the third scheduling destination 425, the fourth scheduling destination 430, and the fifth scheduling destination 435 that schedule the respective third data TTI 450 (TTI ₂ ), fourth data TTI 455 (TTI ₃ ), and fifth data TTI 460 (TTI ₄ ).

[0069] In the example of FIG. 4, the base station may use relatively large scheduling offsets to signal BPL changes to the UE. In this example, TTIs between BPL changes may be scheduled with small scheduling offsets, and a rule may be set that indicates that these TTIs scheduled with small offsets use a BPL identical to the BPL of the last TTI scheduled with a large offset. In the example of FIG. 4, a BPL change may be indicated at the start of TTI ₀ 440 to change from the previous BPL to b ₀ and another change at the start of TTI ₂ 450 to change from b ₀ to b ₁ . In this case, intermediate TTIs (namely, TTI ₁ 445 and TTI ₃ 455) are scheduled with small offsets, and data TTIs with such small offsets (eg, scheduling offset s _i <K) can be transmitted by the base station using BPL, the same BPL of the last data TTI, and the UE may assume that the same BPL of the last TTI scheduled with a large offset is used. In such a case, in the example of FIG. 4, the first TTI 440 (TTI ₀ ) may be transmitted using the first BPL 465 (i.e., b ₀ ) and the second TTI 445 (TTI ₁ ), and the fourth TTI (TTI ₃ ) may have offsets (s ₁ and s ₃ ) when scheduling, which are less than K, and in this example the first BPL 465 is used for each of them. The third data TTI 450 (TTI ₂ ), which in this example is after the fourth TTI 455 due to the associated scheduling offset, may switch to the second BPL 470.

[0070] In the cases as explained with respect to FIG. 4, if BPL indications of scheduling assignments 410 are provided when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, the UE may ignore the BPL indication. However, in some cases, if the UE misses the scheduling assignment 410 that indicates the changed BPL, then the UE may apply the wrong beam for subsequent data TTIs. In the case of FIG. 4, if the UE fails to receive and decode the first scheduling destination 415, then TTI ₃ 440, TTI ₁ 445, and TTI ₃ 455 are lost. In some cases, as explained with respect to FIG. 5, the UE may verify the BPL indication in scheduling assignments 410 that have a scheduling offset that is less than a threshold.

[0071] FIG. 5 illustrates another example of timings between control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 500, that support methods for beam determination after a beam pair link has been specified, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 500, may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

[0072] In the example of FIG. 5, in the same way as explained with respect to FIG. 3 and 4, a base station (eg, base station 105 of FIG. 1 or 2) may transmit scheduling or resource allocation assignments 510 for corresponding data TTIs 505 . Scheduling assignments 510 may be sent over a control channel (eg, PDCCH) on the DCI, as discussed above. In some cases, scheduling assignments 510 may be transmitted using the low frequency anchor carrier band, and the data TTI 505 may use high frequency mmW carrier bands. In other cases, scheduling and data TTI assignments 510 may use high frequency mmW carriers. The data TTI 505 may be an uplink TTI, a downlink TTI, or combinations of the above, which may include transmissions on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) or a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in which data can be transmitted.

[0073] As mentioned above, the DCI may contain a BPL indication (also referred to as a spatial quasi-collocation (QCL) indication), TTI details (eg, uplink or downlink resources, etc.), and a scheduling offset (s _i ). . In this example, each of the scheduling assignments 510 also includes a BPL indication b _i (or a QCL indication). The scheduling offset indicates, in some cases, the time between the symbol that contains the DCI and the start of the associated data TTI. In the example of FIG. 5, similarly to that explained in FIG. 3 and 4, the first scheduling destination 515 may include an assignment for the first data TTI 540 (TTI ₀ ) and may indicate a first scheduling offset s ₀ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t ₀ of the first scheduling destination 515 and the start time of the first TTI 540 data. In this example, the second scheduling destination 520 may include an assignment for a second data TTI 545 (TTI ₁ ) and may indicate a second scheduling offset s ₁ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t _{1 of} the second scheduling destination 520 and the start time of the second TTI 545 data, with similar scheduling assignments for the third scheduling destination 525, the fourth scheduling destination 530, and the fifth scheduling destination 535 that schedule the respective third data TTI 550 (TTI ₂ ), fourth data TTI 555 (TTI ₃ ), and fifth data TTI 560 (TTI ₄ ).

, где t_i является началом символа, который переносит DCI назначения диспетчеризации. В примере по фиг. 5, второе назначение 520 диспетчеризации и четвертое назначение 530 диспетчеризации могут переносить указание BPL b₀, чтобы указывать для UE то, что BPL b₀ 565 используется для ассоциированных TTI. Аналогично, после переключения на вторую BPL b₁ 570, если предоставляются назначения диспетчеризации, в которых смещение при диспетчеризации меньше порогового значения, базовая станция может указывать b₁ в таких назначениях диспетчеризации, которое UE может использовать для того, чтобы подтверждать BPL.[0074] In the example of FIG. 5, to limit potential error propagation that may result from a missed scheduling assignment, the base station may provide a BPL indication b _i for scheduling assignments 410 even in cases where the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. The UE may use this information to verify that it has used or intends to use the correct beam for the scheduled TTI. If not, the UE may take corrective action and apply a b _i compatible beam for a TTI that starts at

where t _i is the start of the character that carries the DCI scheduling destination. In the example of FIG. 5, second scheduling destination 520 and fourth scheduling destination 530 may carry a BPL b ₀ indication to indicate to the UE that BPL b ₀ 565 is used for associated TTIs. Similarly, after switching to the second BPL b ₁ 570, if scheduling assignments in which the scheduling offset is less than a threshold are provided, the base station may indicate b ₁ in such scheduling assignments that the UE may use to acknowledge the BPL.

, значительно раньше TTI₃ 555, и UE должно принимать/передавать TTI₃ 555 с использованием корректной BPL. Аналогично, если UE должно пропускать третье назначение 525 диспетчеризации, коррекция может выполняться в BPL при приеме последующего назначения диспетчеризации независимо от того, ассоциированное смещение при диспетчеризации меньше или больше порогового значения K.[0075] Similarly, if the UE does not successfully receive and decode the first scheduling assignment 515, then it should skip TTI ₀ 540 and apply the wrong beam for TTI ₁ 545. In this example, the second scheduling assignment 520 contains a QCL b ₀ indication, and the UE with is likely to decode this information (eg, via the low band anchor carrier) while it is receiving/transmitting TTI ₁ 545. At this time, the UE may realize that the wrong BPL is being used due to the missed DCI. As a corrective action, the UE may, for example, prepare a beam compatible with BPL b ₀ 565, which may be ready for use after a time

, much earlier than TTI ₃ 555, and the UE should receive/transmit TTI ₃ 555 using the correct BPL. Similarly, if the UE is to skip the third scheduling assignment 525, the correction can be performed in the BPL upon receiving the subsequent scheduling assignment, regardless of whether the associated scheduling offset is less than or greater than the threshold value K.

[0076] FIG. 6 illustrates another example of timings between control information transmissions and associated data TTIs as well as associated BPLs 600 that support methods for beam determination after a beam pair link has been specified in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 600, may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

[0077] In the example of FIG. 6, in the same way as explained with respect to FIG. 3-5, a base station (eg, base station 105 of FIG. 1 or 2) may transmit scheduling or resource allocation assignments 610 for corresponding data TTIs 605 . Scheduling assignments 610 may be sent on a control channel (eg, PDCCH) in DCI, as discussed above. In some cases, scheduling assignments 610 may be transmitted using the low frequency anchor carrier band and the data TTI 605 may use high frequency mmW carrier bands. In other cases, scheduling and data TTI destinations 610 may use high band mmW carriers. The data TTI 605 may be an uplink TTI, a downlink TTI, or combinations of the foregoing, which may include physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions in which data can be transmitted.

[0078] As indicated above, the DCI may contain a BPL indication (also referred to as a spatial quasi-collocation (QCL) indication), TTI details (eg, uplink or downlink resources, etc.), and a scheduling offset (s _i ). . In this example, each of the scheduling assignments 610 also includes a BPL indication b _i (or a QCL indication). The scheduling offset indicates, in some cases, the time between the symbol that contains the DCI and the start of the associated data TTI. In the example of FIG. 5, similarly to that explained in FIG. 3 and 4, the first scheduling destination 615 may include an assignment for the first data TTI 640 (TTI ₀ ) and may indicate a first scheduling offset s ₀ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t ₀ of the first scheduling destination 615 and the start time of the first TTI 640 data. In this example, the second scheduling destination 620 may include an assignment for a second data TTI 645 (TTI ₁ ) and may indicate a second scheduling offset s ₁ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t _{1 of} the second scheduling destination 620 and the start time of the second TTI 645 data, with similar scheduling assignments for the third scheduling destination 625, the fourth scheduling destination 630, and the fifth scheduling destination 635 that schedule the respective third data TTI 650 (TTI ₂ ), fourth data TTI 655 (TTI ₃ ), and fifth data TTI 660 (TTI ₄ ).

указание BPL b_i должен быть эффективным во время t_i+K, где t_i является началом символа, который переносит DCI для назначения диспетчеризации. В таких случаях, указание BPL остается эффективным до тех пор, пока он не перезаписывается посредством нового указания BPL. В отличие от технологии, поясненной выше относительно фиг. 5, указание BPL должен быть эффективным независимо от TTI, начинающихся между t_i и t_i+K. В примере по фиг. 6, в случае если UE не принимает успешно и декодирует первое назначение 615 диспетчеризации, UE должно использовать неправильную BPL для TTI₁ 645, но должно иметь корректный луч для TTI₃ 655, поскольку начальное время для TTI₃ превышает t₁+K. В этом конкретном примере, как третье назначение 625 диспетчеризации, так и четвертое назначение 630 диспетчеризации создают эффективное указание QCL для TTI₂ 650, что уменьшает вероятность того, что UE использует неправильную BPL для TTI₂ 650, поскольку обе DCI должны быть потеряны для возникновения такой ошибки.[0079] In the example of FIG. 6, another technique is provided that can limit the potential error propagation that can result from a missed scheduling assignment. Here, the base station may provide a BPL indication b _i for the scheduling assignments 410 in which the indicated BPL should be effective at the start time of the symbol used to transmit the scheduling assignment plus a threshold value K. Thus, such a technique provides such a rule, what for

the BPL indication b _i must be effective at time t _i +K, where t _i is the start of the symbol that carries the DCI for the scheduling assignment. In such cases, the BPL indication remains effective until it is overwritten with a new BPL indication. In contrast to the technology explained above with respect to FIG. 5, the BPL indication must be effective regardless of TTIs beginning between t _i and t _i +K. In the example of FIG. 6, in case the UE does not successfully receive and decode the first scheduling assignment 615, the UE should use the wrong BPL for TTI ₁ 645 but should have the correct beam for TTI ₃ 655 because the start time for TTI ₃ is greater than t ₁ +K. In this particular example, both the third scheduling destination 625 and the fourth scheduling destination 630 create an effective QCL indication for TTI ₂ 650, which reduces the chance that the UE uses the wrong BPL for TTI ₂ 650 since both DCIs must be lost for such a problem to occur. errors.

[0080] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of timings between control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 700, that support methods for beam determination after a beam pair link has been specified, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 700, may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

[0081] In the example of FIG. 7, in the same way as explained with respect to FIG. 3 and 6, a base station (eg, base station 105 of FIG. 1 or 2) may transmit scheduling or resource allocation assignments 710 for corresponding data TTIs 705. Scheduling assignments 710 may be sent on a control channel (eg, PDCCH) in DCI, as discussed above. In some cases, scheduling assignments 710 may be transmitted using the low frequency anchor carrier band and the data TTI 705 may use the high frequency mmW carrier bands. In other cases, scheduling and TTI data assignments 710 may use high band mmW carriers. The data TTI 705 may be an uplink TTI, a downlink TTI, or combinations of the above, which may include physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions in which data can be transmitted.

[0082] As noted above, the DCI may contain a BPL indication (also referred to as a spatial quasi-collocation (QCL) indication), TTI details (eg, uplink or downlink resources, etc.), and a scheduling offset (s _i ). . In this example, each of the scheduling assignments 710 also includes a BPL indication b _i (or a QCL indication). The scheduling offset indicates, in some cases, the time between the symbol that contains the DCI and the start of the associated data TTI. In the example of FIG. 7, similarly to that explained in FIG. 3-6, the first scheduling destination 715 may include an assignment for the first data TTI 740 (TTI ₀ ) and may indicate a first scheduling offset s ₀ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t ₀ of the first scheduling destination 715 and the start time of the first TTI 740 data. In this example, the second scheduling destination 720 may include an assignment for a second data TTI 745 (TTI ₁ ) and may indicate a second scheduling offset s ₁ corresponding to the time difference between the start time t _{1 of} the second scheduling destination 720 and the start time of the second TTI 745 data, with the same scheduling assignments for the third scheduling destination 725, the fourth scheduling destination 730, and the fifth scheduling destination 735 that schedule the respective third data TTI 750 (TTI ₂ ), fourth data TTI 755 (TTI ₃ ), and fifth data TTI 760 (TTI ₄ ).

[0083] In the example of FIG. 7, another technology is provided that can provide that the BPL is switched relatively quickly after a determination is made as to whether to switch the BPL. For example, the base station may detect the fading of the first BPL 765 and determine whether to switch to the second BPL 770. In this example, a rule may be provided that regardless of the scheduling offset, the indication of QCL b _i is effective at time t _i +K. It also provides the ability to change the BPL for TTIs that are already scheduled with a large scheduling offset. For example, the base station may determine at time t ₃ that the second BPL 770 is better than the first BPL 765. At this point, TTI ₂ 750 is already scheduled with a third scheduling destination 725 that indicates the first BPL 765. In this case, due to the granting of the fourth destination 730 scheduling threshold K before starting TTI ₂ 750, the UE still uses a beam compatible with the new BPL indication for the second BPL 770. For this technology, similar to the technologies described for FIG. 5 and 6, error propagation due to lost scheduling assignments can be reduced.

[0084] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of timings between control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 800, that support methods for beam determination after a beam pair link has been specified, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, control information transmissions and associated data TTIs, as well as associated BPLs 800, may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

[0085] In the example of FIG. 8, in the same way as explained with respect to FIG. 3-7, a base station (eg, base station 105 of FIG. 1 or 2) may transmit scheduling or resource allocation assignments 810 for corresponding data TTIs 805 . Scheduling assignments 810 may be sent on a control channel (eg, PDCCH) in the DCI, as discussed above. In some cases, scheduling assignments 810 may be transmitted using the low frequency anchor carrier band and the data TTI 805 may use high frequency mmW carrier bands. In other cases, scheduling and data TTI destinations 810 may use mmW carrier bands. The data TTI 805 may be an uplink TTI, a downlink TTI, or combinations of the above, which may include physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions in which data can be transmitted.

[0086] In the example of FIG. 8, BPLs may be determined based on a function of scheduling offsets and thresholds according to the various techniques described above. Table 1 shows interpretations related to the BPL directions b _i for the various technologies of FIG. 4-7.

Technology

Fig. four b _i is effective after t _i +s _i until replaced by a new BPL specification UE ignores b _i Fig. 5 UE uses b _i for beam verification Fig. 6 b _i is effective after t _i +K Fig. 7 b _i is effective after t _i +K

Table 1 Description of the beam definition.

. Таблица 2 показывает функцию f для различных описанных технологий.[0087] For each technology, the scheduling assignment indicates that the UE should prepare a beam that is compatible with the BPL guidelines, or unconditionally, as indicated in the examples of FIG. 6 and 7, or if a certain condition is satisfied, as indicated in the examples of FIG. 4 and 5. Both situations can be formally covered in a unified way through the function

. Table 2 shows the f function for the various technologies described.

Technology

Fig. four s _i -K s _i Fig. 5 Fig. 6 0

Fig. 7 K

Table 2. Functions f and g associated with the disclosed technologies

. Если UE должно подготавливать луч, оно может применять луч начиная с момента времени

до момента времени, когда UE инструктируется посредством идентичного механизма использовать потенциально новый луч. Таблица 2 показывает функцию g для каждой технологии.[0088] In each case, the UE must prepare beams only if

. If the UE is to prepare the beam, it may apply the beam starting from the time

until the point in time when the UE is instructed by the same mechanism to use the potential new beam. Table 2 shows the g function for each technology.

. Затем UE подготавливает луч, совместимый с указаний BPL b_i 845 для использования луча для данных начиная с момента времени

. Из всех назначений 810 диспетчеризации (DCI_n) с:[0089] In the example of FIG. 8, which may apply to each of the technologies explained, the scheduling assignment 815 occurring at time t _i may comprise a scheduling offset s _i such that

. The UE then prepares a beam compliant with BPL b _i 845 guidelines to use the beam for data from time

. Of all scheduling assignments 810 (DCI _n ) with:

:i.

:

.ii.

.

луча. Другими словами, отсутствует DCI назначения диспетчеризации с начальным временем луча, которое попадает между

и

. Затем UE использует луч, совместимый с b_i, для всех TTI, начинающихся во временном интервале

,

.Additionally, let DCI _j be the DCI with the earliest start time

beam. In other words, there is no DCI scheduling destination with a beam start time that falls between

and

. The UE then uses the b _i compatible beam for all TTIs starting in the timeslot

,

.

. Другой пример для такого TTI_m 835 может представлять собой пример с начальным временем луча в

, возникающим до

. BPL b_j 850 может использоваться после назначения 825 диспетчеризации, для TTI_j 840, в этом примере.[0090] In the example of FIG. 8, the UE applies a b _i 845 compatible beam for TTI _i 830 (scheduled by scheduling assignment 815) as well as for TTI _m 835 because it is scheduled by scheduling assignment 820 that does not satisfy the condition

. Another example for such a TTI _m 835 could be an example with a beam start time of

occurring before

. BPL b _j 850 may be used after scheduling assignment 825, for TTI _j 840, in this example.

может быть меньше или больше s_i в зависимости от требуемой технологии, которая должна использоваться. Тем не менее,

, в каждом случае, должен всегда быть больше или равен пороговому значению K таким образом, что UE имеет достаточно времени для того, чтобы подготавливать луч, согласованный с указаний BPL назначения диспетчеризации.[0091] Regarding the timing of scheduling assignment 810, FIG. 8 does not show the full range of capabilities that should be easily recognizable, and it should be noted that there may be many or no scheduling assignments between scheduling assignment 815 and scheduling assignment 825. It is also possible that the scheduling assignment 825 occurs before the scheduling assignment 815. Additionally

may be less or more than s _i depending on the required technology to be used. Nonetheless,

, in each case, must always be greater than or equal to the threshold value K so that the UE has enough time to prepare a beam consistent with the scheduling destination BPL indications.

[0092] FIG. 9 illustrates an example processing flow 900 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process 900 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Processing flow 900 may include base station 105-b and UE 115-b, which may be examples of the respective devices of FIG. 1 or 2.

[0093] Initially, at 905, UE 115-b and base station 105-b may establish a connection. In some cases, the connection may be an mmW connection using a first BPL that is established between base station 105-b and UE 115-b. In some cases, a low band connection may be established, or another high band connection may be established that may be used to transmit control information.

[0094] At 910, base station 105-b may allocate a data TTI to UE 115-b and select a BPL for the data TTI. In some cases, allocation may be performed based on data to be transmitted between UE 115-b and base station 105-b. In some cases, base station 105-b may measure one or more channel quality parameters associated with one or more BPLs, which may be set during connection establishment or later, and select a BPL based on the measurements. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-b may provide one or more measurement messages that base station 105-b may use in determining the BPL to use for TTI data. Channel quality measurements may be performed according to established techniques, such as measurements based on one or more reference signal transmissions of base station 105-b and UE 115-b. Base station 105-b may send to UE 115-b a DCI 915 that indicates dedicated resources for data TTI. As explained above, the DCI 915 may also indicate the scheduling offset and the BPL indication. In some cases, base station 105-b may indicate the BPL for TTI data based on one of the technologies, as explained above.

[0095] At 920, UE 115-d may determine a threshold value (K) for switching BPL. In some cases, the threshold value may be exchanged during connection establishment. As explained above, the threshold may correspond to the time it may take UE 115-b to receive and decode DCI and prepare the changed beam.

[0096] At 930, UE 115-b may determine the BPL for the data TTI and potentially for one or more subsequent TTI data, based on f(s _i , K)≥0, g(s _i , K)≥K, as explained above with respect to FIG. 8. The base station 105-b may transmit a TTI data transmission 935 using a BPL that is determined. In this example, TTI data transmission 935 is a downlink transmission, although in other cases it may be an uplink transmission. At 940, UE 115-b may receive a TTI data transmission based on the identified BPL.

[0097] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a wireless device 1005 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a beam pair link in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wireless device 1005 may exemplify aspects of user equipment 115 (UE) as described herein. The wireless device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a UE communication manager 1015, and a transmitter 1020. The wireless device 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (eg, via one or more buses).

[0098] The receiver 1010 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information associated with methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a pair of beams etc.). Information can be transmitted to other components of the device. Receiver 1010 may be an example of aspects of transceiver 1335 described with reference to FIG. 13. The receiver 1010 may use a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0099] UE communication manager 1015 may be an example of aspects of UE communication manager 1315 described with reference to FIG. 13.

[0100] The UE communication manager 1015 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in software executed by a processor, in firmware, or any combination of the foregoing. When implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions of the UE communication manager 1015 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), user programmable application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete logic element or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above, designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure. The UE communication manager 1015 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be physically located in different locations, which includes distributing such that portions of functions are implemented in different physical locations by one or more physical devices. In some examples, the UE communication manager 1015 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In other examples, the UE communication manager 1015 and/or at least some of its various sub-components may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including, but not limited to, an I/O component, a transceiver, a network a server, another computing device, one or more of the other components described in this disclosure, or combinations of the foregoing in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure.

[0101] The UE communication manager 1015 may establish, at the user equipment, the first connection to the base station using the first communication link of a pair of beams (BPL), maintain BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals (TTI ) data, identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL based on the indication to receive the first transmission of control information at the first time, the first transmission of control information information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and an indication of the BPL to determine, based on the threshold and the scheduling offset, whether or not to switch the BPL. for data, and switching time for execution not switching, and switching the data BPL to the second BPL at the time of switching in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL.

[0102] The transmitter 1020 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device. In some examples, transmitter 1020 may be co-located with receiver 1010 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1020 may be an example of aspects of transmitter/receiver 1335 described with reference to FIG. 13. Transmitter 1020 may use a single antenna, or it may use multiple antennas.

[0103] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a wireless device 1105 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a beam pair link in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wireless device 1105 may exemplify aspects of wireless device 1005 or UE 115 as described with reference to FIG. 10. Wireless device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a UE communication manager 1115, and a transmitter 1120. Wireless device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (eg, via one or more buses).

[0104] The receiver 1110 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information associated with methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a pair of beams etc.). Information can be transmitted to other components of the device. Receiver 1110 may be an example of aspects of transceiver 1335 described with reference to FIG. 13. The receiver 1110 may use a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0105] UE communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of UE communication manager 1315 described with reference to FIG. 13. The UE communication manager 1115 may also include a connection establishment component 1125, a BPL scheduler 1130, a threshold identification component 1135, and a downlink control information (DCI) processing component 1140.

[0106] The connection establishment component 1125 may establish, at the user equipment, a first connection to a base station using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL) for transmitting TTI data. In some cases, the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the above.

[0107] The BPL manager 1130 may maintain a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs). In some cases, the BPL may be determined based on the scheduling threshold and offset, and the BPL scheduler 1130 may determine whether or not to switch the BPL for data, and the switch time to perform the switch. In cases where the BPL manager 1130 determines the need to switch the BPL, it may switch the BPL for data to the second BPL during the switch. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to switch the data BPL based on determining that the scheduling offset is greater than or equal to a threshold, and switching the data BPL to the second BPL at the second time. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to maintain the first BPL as the data BPL based on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to switch the data BPL to the second BPL, based on the determination that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, with an effective start at the first time plus the threshold. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to switch the BPL for the data to the second BPL at the first time plus a threshold regardless of the scheduling offset.

[0108] The threshold identification component 1135 may identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL based on the indication.

[0109] The DCI component 1140 may receive the first transmission of control information at a first time, where the first transmission of control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and BPL indication.

[0110] The transmitter 1120 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device. In some examples, transmitter 1120 may be co-located with receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1120 may be an example of aspects of transmitter/receiver 1335 described with reference to FIG. 13. Transmitter 1120 may use a single antenna, or it may use multiple antennas.

[0111] FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a UE communication scheduler 1215 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. UE communication manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of UE communication manager 1015, UE communication manager 1115, or UE communication manager 1315 described with reference to FIG. 10, 11, and 13. The UE communication manager 1215 may include a connection establishment component 1220, a BPL scheduler 1225, a threshold identification component 1230, a DCI component 1235, and an error detection component 1240. Each of these modules can communicate directly or indirectly with each other (for example, via one or more buses).

[0112] Connection establishment component 1220 may establish, at the user equipment, a first connection to a base station using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL) to transmit TTI data. In some cases, the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the above.

[0113] The BPL manager 1225 may support the BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs). In some cases, the BPL may be determined based on the scheduling threshold and offset, and the BPL scheduler 1225 may determine whether or not to switch the BPL for data, and the switch time to perform the switch. In cases where the BPL manager 1225 determines the need to switch the BPL, it may switch the BPL for data to the second BPL during the switch. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to switch the data BPL based on determining that the scheduling offset is greater than or equal to a threshold, and switching the data BPL to the second BPL at the second time. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to maintain the first BPL as the data BPL based on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to switch the data BPL to the second BPL, based on the determination that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, with an effective start at the first time plus the threshold. In some cases, the determination includes determining whether to switch the BPL for the data to the second BPL at the first time plus a threshold regardless of the scheduling offset.

[0114] The threshold identification component 1230 may identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL based on the indication.

[0115] The DCI component 1235 may receive the first transmission of control information at a first time, where the first transmission of control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and BPL indication.

[0116] The error detection component 1240 can identify that an error occurred upon receiving the previous BPL indication, based on a determination that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, and the BPL indicated in the first control information transmission indicates that the BPL used by the base station for the first TTI of the data is different from the first BPL, and adjust the BPL for the data supported by the UE, and use the adjusted BPL for the data after the first time plus the threshold.

[0117] FIG. 13 shows a diagram of a system 1300 including an apparatus 1305 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Device 1305 may be an example of, or include components of, wireless device 1005, wireless device 1105, or UE 115 as described above, for example, with reference to FIG. 10 and 11. Device 1305 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a UE communication manager 1315, a processor 1320, a memory 1325, software 1330, a transceiver a device 1335, an antenna 1340, and an I/O controller 1345. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (eg, bus 1310). Device 1305 may communicate wirelessly with one or more base stations 105.

[0118] Processor 1320 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, DSP, central processing unit (CPU), microcontroller, ASIC, FPGA, programmable logic device, discrete logic element or transistorized logic component, discrete hardware component, or any a combination of the above). In some cases, processor 1320 may be configured to control the storage array using a storage controller. In other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1320. The processor 1320 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support methods for determining a beam after specifying a line connections from a pair of beams).

[0119] The storage device 1325 may include random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM). The storage device 1325 may store computer-readable computer-executable software 1330 including instructions that, when executed, instruct the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the storage device 1325 may include, among other things, a basic input/output system (BIOS) that can control the basic operation of the hardware or software, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0120] Software 1330 may include code for implementing aspects of the present disclosure, including code for supporting methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair. The software 1330 may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system storage or other storage media. In some cases, software 1330 may not be directly executable by the processor, but may instruct the computer (eg, when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0121] The transceiver 1335 may communicate bidirectionally, via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, transceiver 1335 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1335 may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission and demodulate the packets received from the antennas.

[0122] In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1340. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1340, which may allow multiple wireless transmissions to be transmitted or received in parallel.

[0123] I/O controller 1345 may control the input and output signals for device 1305. I/O controller 1345 may also control peripheral devices not integrated into device 1305. In some cases, I/O controller 1345 may represent a physical connection or port for an external peripheral. In some cases, the I/O controller 1345 may use an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS/2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or other known operating system. In other cases, the I/O controller 1345 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller 1345 may be implemented as part of the processor. In some cases, the user may interact with the device 1305 through the I/O controller 1345 or through hardware components controlled by the I/O controller 1345.

[0124] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram 1400 of a wireless device 1405 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a beam pair link in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wireless device 1405 may exemplify aspects of base station 105 as described herein. Wireless device 1405 may include a receiver 1410, a base station communications manager 1415, and a transmitter 1420. Wireless device 1405 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (eg, via one or more buses).

[0125] The receiver 1410 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information associated with methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a pair of beams etc.). Information can be transmitted to other components of the device. Receiver 1410 may be an example of aspects of transceiver 1735 described with reference to FIG. 17. The receiver 1410 may use a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0126] The base station communication manager 1415 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1715 described with reference to FIG. 17.

[0127] The base station communication manager 1415 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in software executed by a processor, in firmware, or any combination of the foregoing. When implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions of the base station communication manager 1415 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete logic element, or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the foregoing, designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure. The base station communication manager 1415 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be physically located in different locations, which includes distributing such that portions of functions are implemented in different physical locations by one or more physical devices. In some examples, the base station communication manager 1415 and/or at least some of its various subcomponents may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In other examples, the base station communication manager 1415 and/or at least some of its various sub-components may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including, but not limited to, an I/O component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more of the other components described in this disclosure, or combinations of the above in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure.

[0128] The base station communication manager 1415 may establish, at the base station, the first connection with the UE using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL), maintain BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals (TTI ) data, change the BPL for the data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel states, identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication, and apply another BPL based on the indication, allocate resources for UE for the first data TTI, determine the scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the beginning of the first data TTI, and transmit control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset, assignment for the first data TTI, and BPL indication, and at the same time, the displacement during scheduling, the time of transmission of control information The values, the threshold value and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the BPL for the data should be changed and the time of the BPL change.

[0129] The transmitter 1420 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device. In some examples, transmitter 1420 may be co-located with receiver 1410 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1420 may be an example of aspects of transmitter/receiver 1735 described with reference to FIG. 17. Transmitter 1420 may use a single antenna, or it may use multiple antennas.

[0130] FIG. 15 shows a block diagram 1500 of a wireless device 1505 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a beam pair link in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Wireless device 1505 may exemplify aspects of wireless device 1405 or base station 105 as described with reference to FIG. 14. Wireless device 1505 may include a receiver 1510, a base station communication manager 1515, and a transmitter 1520. Wireless device 1505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (eg, via one or more buses).

[0131] The receiver 1510 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various traffic channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information associated with methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a pair of beams etc.). Information can be transmitted to other components of the device. Receiver 1510 may be an example of aspects of transceiver 1735 described with reference to FIG. 17. The receiver 1510 may use a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0132] The base station communication manager 1515 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1715 described with reference to FIG. 17. The base station communication manager 1515 may also include a connection establishment component 1525, a BPL scheduler 1530, a channel state estimation component 1535, a resource allocation component 1540, and a DCI component 1545.

[0133] Connection establishment component 1525 may establish, at a base station, a first connection with a UE using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL) for transmitting TTI data. In some cases, the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the above.

[0134] The BPL manager 1530 may maintain a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs). In some cases, BPL manager 1530 may identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a different BPL based on the indication. In some cases, the BPL manager 1530 may determine that a BPL change for data should not be transmitted when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, and when the scheduling offset is less than the threshold, the BPL indicated in the control information indicates the BPL used for the first TTI data. In some cases, the data BPL change for the first data TTI is indicated by a scheduling offset greater than or equal to a threshold. In some cases, a BPL change for data is indicated by a scheduling offset less than a threshold, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus the threshold. In some cases, the BPL change for the data is indicated regardless of the scheduling offset, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus a threshold.

[0135] The channel state estimation component 1535 may change the BPL for the data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel states. The resource allocation component 1540 may allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI.

[0136] The DCI component 1545 may determine the scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the start of the first data TTI, and transmit control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset, assignment for the first data TTI, and the BPL indication, and thus the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold value, and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the BPL for data should be changed, and the change time of the BPL.

[0137] The transmitter 1520 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device. In some examples, transmitter 1520 may be co-located with receiver 1510 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1520 may be an example of aspects of transmitter/receiver 1735 described with reference to FIG. 17. Transmitter 1520 may use a single antenna, or it may use multiple antennas.

[0138] FIG. 16 shows a block diagram 1600 of a base station communication scheduler 1615 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Base station communication manager 1615 may be an example of aspects of base station communication manager 1715 described with reference to FIG. 14, 15, and 17. The base station communication manager 1615 may include a connection establishment component 1620, a BPL scheduler 1625, a channel state estimation component 1630, a resource allocation component 1635, and a DCI component 1640. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly, among themselves (for example, through one or more tires).

[0139] Connection establishment component 1620 may establish, at a base station, a first connection with a UE using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL) to transmit TTI data. In some cases, the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the above.

[0140] The BPL manager 1625 may maintain a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs). In some cases, BPL manager 1625 may identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a different BPL based on the indication. In some cases, the BPL manager 1625 may determine not to transmit a BPL change for data when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, and when the scheduling offset is less than the threshold, the BPL indicated in the control information indicates the BPL used for the first TTI data. In some cases, the data BPL change for the first data TTI is indicated by a scheduling offset greater than or equal to a threshold. In some cases, a BPL change for data is indicated by a scheduling offset less than a threshold, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus the threshold. In some cases, the BPL change for the data is indicated regardless of the scheduling offset, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus a threshold.

[0141] The channel state estimator 1630 may change the BPL for the data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel states.

[0142] The resource allocation component 1635 may allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI.

[0143] The DCI component 1640 may determine the scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the start of the first data TTI, and transmit control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset, assignment for the first data TTI, and the BPL indication, and thus the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold value, and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the BPL for data should be changed, and the change time of the BPL.

[0144] FIG. 17 shows a diagram of a system 1700 including an apparatus 1705 that supports methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Device 1705 may be an example of or include components of base station 105 as described above, for example, with reference to FIG. 1. Device 1705 may include components for bi-directional voice and data transmission, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a base station communication manager 1715, a processor 1720, a memory 1725, software 1730, a transceiver 1735, an antenna 1740, a network communication manager 1745, and an inter-station communication manager 1750. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (eg, bus 1710). Device 1705 may communicate wirelessly with one or more UEs 115.

[0145] The processor 1720 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, DSP, CPU, microcontroller, ASIC, FPGA, programmable logic device, discrete logic element or transistorized logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination of the above). In some cases, processor 1720 may be configured to control the storage array using a storage controller. In other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into processor 1720. Processor 1720 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support methods for determining a beam after specifying a line connections from a pair of beams).

[0146] The storage device 1725 may include RAM and ROM. The storage device 1725 may store computer-readable machine-executable software 1730 including instructions that, when executed, instruct the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the storage device 1725 may include, among other things, a BIOS that may control the basic operation of the hardware or software, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0147] Software 1730 may include code for implementing aspects of the present disclosure, including code for supporting methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair. The software 1730 may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system storage or other storage device. In some cases, software 1730 may not be directly executable by the processor, but may instruct the computer (eg, by compiling and executing) to perform the functions described herein.

[0148] The transceiver 1735 may communicate bidirectionally, via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, transceiver 1735 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1735 may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission and demodulate the packets received from the antennas.

[0149] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1740. However, in some cases, a device may have more than one antenna 1740, which may allow multiple wireless transmissions to be transmitted or received in parallel.

[0150] The network communications manager 1745 may manage communications with the core network (eg, through one or more wired backhauls). For example, the network communication manager 1745 may manage data transmission for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.

[0151] The interstation communications scheduler 1750 may manage communications with another base station 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for managing communications with the UE 115 in conjunction with other base stations 105. For example, the interstation communications manager 1750 may coordinate scheduling for transmissions in UE 115 for various interference mitigation technologies such as beamforming or combined transmission. In some examples, the interstation manager 1750 may provide an X2 interface within the Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-A wireless network technology to provide communication between base stations 105.

[0152] FIG. 18 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1800 may be implemented by UE 115 or components thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1800 may be performed by a UE communication scheduler, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13. In some examples, UE 115 may execute a set of codes to control functional elements of the device to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115 may perform aspects of the functions described below using special purpose hardware.

[0153] In step 1805, UE 115 may establish, at the user equipment, a first connection to a base station using a first beam pair (BPL) link. Operations 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1805 may be performed by the connection establishment component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0154] At 1810, UE 115 may support the BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs). Operations 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1810 may be performed by a BPL manager, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0155] At 1815, UE 115 may identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication. Operations 1815 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1815 may be performed by the threshold identification component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0156] In step 1820, UE 115 may receive the first transmission of control information at a first time, where the first transmission of control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset , and an indication of BPL. Operations 1820 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1820 may be performed by the DCI component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0157] In step 1825, UE 115 may determine, at least in part, based on the threshold and scheduling offset, whether or not to switch the BPL for data, and the switch time to perform the switch. Operations 1825 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1825 may be performed by a BPL manager, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13. In some cases, the determination comprises determining whether to switch the data BPL to the second BPL based at least in part on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, with an effective start at the first time plus the threshold. In some cases, the determination comprises determining whether to switch the BPL for the data to the second BPL at the first time plus a threshold regardless of the scheduling offset.

[0158] In step 1830, UE 115 may switch the data BPL to the second BPL during the switch in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL. Operations 1830 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1830 may be performed by a BPL manager, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0159] Using techniques such as method 1800, base station 105, UE 115, or both, may periodically measure one or more channel conditions and may determine whether or not a first BPL or a different second BPL may be more appropriate for subsequent transmissions. When determining that the second BPL is to be used for subsequent transmissions at base station 105 (eg, via channel measurements or signaling from UE 115 with channel measurements), the second BPL may be indicated to UE 115 in control information transmission (eg, in DCI -transmission using the PDCCH). Depending on the scheduling offset and threshold for receiving control information and changing the BPL at UE 115, UE 115 may receive the control information and determine whether or not the BPL should change. Such technologies can improve network performance through transmissions using preferred BPLs that can support higher data rates, lower error rates, or combinations of the above.

[0160] FIG. 19 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1900 for methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1900 may be implemented by UE 115 or components thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1900 may be performed by a UE's communication scheduler, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13. In some examples, UE 115 may execute a set of codes to control functional elements of the device to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115 may perform aspects of the functions described below using special purpose hardware.

[0161] At 1905, UE 115 may establish, at the user equipment, a first connection to a base station using a first beam pair (BPL) link. Operations 1905 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1905 may be performed by the connection establishment component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0162] At 1910, UE 115 may support a BPL for data that is initialized with a first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs). Operations 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1910 may be performed by a BPL manager, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0163] At 1915, UE 115 may identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication. Operations 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1915 may be performed by the threshold identification component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0164] In step 1920, UE 115 may receive the first transmission of control information at a first time, where the first transmission of control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset , and an indication of BPL. Operations 1920 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1920 may be performed by the DCI component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0165] In step 1925, UE 115 can identify that an error occurred while receiving the previous BPL indication, at least in part, based on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, and the BPL indicated in the first transmission of control information, indicates that the BPL used by the base station for the first data TTI is different from the first BPL. Operations 1925 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1925 may be performed by the error detection component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0166] In step 1930, UE 115 may adjust the BPL for the data supported by the UE and use the adjusted BPL for the data after the first time plus the threshold. Operations 1930 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 1930 may be performed by the error detection component, as described with reference to FIG. 10-13.

[0167] Using technologies such as method 1900, base station 105, UE 115, or both, may periodically measure one or more channel conditions and may determine whether or not a first BPL or a different second BPL may be more appropriate for subsequent transmissions. When determining that the second BPL is to be used for subsequent transmissions at base station 105 (eg, via channel measurements or signaling from UE 115 with channel measurements), the second BPL may be indicated to UE 115 in control information transmission (eg, in DCI -transmission using the PDCCH). Depending on the scheduling offset and threshold for receiving control information and changing the BPL at UE 115, UE 115 may receive the control information and determine whether or not the BPL should change. Such technologies can improve network performance through transmissions using preferred BPLs that can support higher data rates, lower error rates, or combinations of the above.

[0168] FIG. 20 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2000 for methods for determining a beam after specifying a link from a beam pair, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 2000 may be implemented by base station 105 or components thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2000 may be performed by a base station communication manager, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17. In some examples, base station 105 may execute a set of codes to control functional elements of the device to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, base station 105 may perform aspects of the functions described below using special purpose hardware.

[0169] In step 2005, the base station 105 may establish, at the base station, a first connection with a user equipment (UE) using a first link of a beam pair (BPL). Operations 2005 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 2005 may be performed by the connection establishment component, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17.

[0170] In step 2010, the base station 105 may support the BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals (TTIs) of the data. Operations 2010 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 2010 may be performed by a BPL manager, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17.

[0171] In step 2015, base station 105 may change the BPL for data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel conditions. Operations 2015 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 2015 may be performed by the channel state estimation component, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17.

[0172] In step 2020, base station 105 may identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a different BPL based at least in part on said indication. Operations 2020 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 2020 may be performed by a BPL manager, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17.

[0173] At 2025, base station 105 may allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI. Operations 2025 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 2025 may be performed by the resource allocation component, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17.

[0174] At 2030, base station 105 may determine a scheduling offset between transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the start of the first data TTI. Operations 2030 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 2030 may be performed by the DCI component, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17.

[0175] In step 2035, the base station 105 may transmit control information to the UE, where the control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for the first data TTI, and a BPL indication, and wherein the scheduling offset, control information transmission time, threshold and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether the BPL for the data should be changed and the time of the BPL change. Operations 2035 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In certain examples, aspects of operations 2035 may be performed by the DCI component, as described with reference to FIG. 14-17. In some cases, the base station may determine not to transmit a BPL change for data when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. In other cases, when the scheduling offset is smaller than the threshold, the BPL indicated in the control information indicates the BPL used for the first data TTI. In some cases, a BPL change for data is indicated by a scheduling offset less than a threshold, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus the threshold. In some cases, the BPL change for the data is indicated regardless of the scheduling offset, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus a threshold.

[0176] Using techniques such as method 2000, base station 105, UE 115, or both, may periodically measure one or more channel conditions and may determine whether or not a first BPL or a different second BPL may be more appropriate for subsequent transmissions. When determining that the second BPL is to be used for subsequent transmissions at base station 105 (eg, via channel measurements or signaling from UE 115 with channel measurements), the second BPL may be indicated to UE 115 in control information transmission (eg, in DCI -transmission using the PDCCH). Depending on the scheduling offset and threshold for receiving control information and changing the BPL at UE 115, UE 115 may receive the control information and determine whether or not the BPL should change. Such technologies can improve network performance through transmissions using preferred BPLs that can support higher data rates, lower error rates, or combinations of the above.

[0177] It should be noted that the methods described above describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and that other implementations are possible. Additionally, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0178] The technologies described herein can be used for various wireless communication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access ( FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. A CDMA system may implement a radio technology such as CDMA2000, Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), and so on. CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. Versions of IS-2000 may be commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1X, 1X, etc. IS-856 (TIA-856) is commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1xEV-DO, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), etc. UTRA includes wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other varieties of CDMA. A TDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).

[0179] An OFDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Ultra Wide Band for Mobile (UMB), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE and LTE-A are versions of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, NR, and GSM are described in documents from an organization called "3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)". CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization called "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)". The technologies described in this document may be used for the radio communication systems and technologies mentioned above, as well as for other radio communication systems and technologies. Although aspects of an LTE or NR system may be described for exemplary purposes, and LTE or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the technologies described herein are applicable outside of LTE or NR applications.

[0180] A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (eg, within a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by UE 115 with network service provider subscriptions. A small cell may be associated with a base station with less power 105 than a macro cell, and the small cell may operate in the same or different (eg, licensed, unlicensed, etc.) frequency bands relative to the macro cells. Small cells may include pico cells, femto cells, and micro cells according to various examples. A pico cell, for example, may cover a small geographic area and may provide unrestricted access by UE 115 with subscriptions to a network service provider. A femtocell may also cover a small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may provide limited access by UEs 115 having an association with a femtocell (e.g., UEs 115 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs 115 for users in a home, etc.) . An ENB for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro eNB. An ENB for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell eNB, a pico eNB, a femto eNB, or a native eNB. An ENB may support one or more (eg, two, three, four, etc.) cells and may also support communication using one or more component carriers.

[0181] The wireless communication system 100 or systems described herein may support synchronous or asynchronous mode of operation. For the synchronous mode of operation, base stations 105 may have similar frame synchronization, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may approximately coincide in time. For an asynchronous mode of operation, base stations 105 may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may not coincide in time. The techniques described in this document may be used for synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0182] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and elementary signals that may be exemplified in the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combinations of the above.

[0183] Various illustrative blocks and modules described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete logic element or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the foregoing, designed to perform the functions described in this document. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (eg, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors together with a DSP core, or any other similar configuration).

[0184] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software running on a processor, firmware, or any combination of the foregoing. When implemented in software executing by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and the accompanying claims. For example, due to the nature of the software, the functions described above may be implemented using software running on a processor, hardware, firmware, fixed wiring, or combinations of any of the above. Features that implement functions may also be physically located in different positions, including according to such a distribution that parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0185] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, including any transmission medium that facilitates movement of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc ROM (CD). ) or other optical disk storage device, magnetic disk storage device, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-durable medium that can be used to carry or store the required program code facility in the form of instructions or data structures, and which can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer, or a general purpose or special purpose processor. In addition, any connection is properly referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a Web site, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave media, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave media are included in the definition of media. The term "disc" as used herein includes CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disc, and Blu-ray disc, with magnetic discs typically reproducing data magnetically while optical disks usually reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included in computer-readable media.

[0186] When used herein, including in the claims, "or" when used in a list of elements (for example, in a list of elements preceded by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") specifies an enclosing list such that, for example, the list "at least one of A, B or C" means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e. A both B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as referring to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step that is described "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" is to be construed identically to the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0187] In the accompanying drawings, like components and features may have identical reference numerals. In addition, different components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference symbol and a second symbol that differs between like components. If only the first reference symbol is used in the detailed description, the description applies to any of the like components having the identical first reference symbol, regardless of the second reference symbol or other subsequent reference symbol.

[0188] The description set forth herein in connection with the accompanying drawings describes exemplary configurations and does not represent all examples that may be implemented or that fall within the scope of the claims. The term "exemplary" as used herein means "serving as an example or illustration" and not "preferred" or "preferential over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purposes of providing an understanding of the technologies described. However, these technologies may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, common structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the principles of the described examples.

[0189] The description in this document is provided to enable those skilled in the art to create or use the entity disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure should be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles described herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure of the essence is not limited to the examples and design solutions described in this document, but should satisfy the widest scope in accordance with the principles and new features disclosed in this document.

Claims (105)

1. A wireless communication method, comprising the steps of: - establish, in the user equipment (UE), the first connection with the base station using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL); - support BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTI); identifying a threshold value corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; receiving a first transmission of control information at a first time, the first transmission of control information including a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and a BPL indication; determining, at least in part, based on the threshold and scheduling offset, whether or not to switch the BPL for the data, and the switch time to perform the switch; and switching the data BPL to the second BPL at the time of switching in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second BPL is indicated in the BPL indication. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination comprises the step of: determining whether to switch the data BPL at least in part based on determining that the scheduling offset is greater than or equal to a threshold, and switch the data BPL to the second BPL at the second time. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination comprises the step of: - determine whether to maintain the first BPL as the data BPL based on the determination that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising the step of: - identifying that an error occurred upon receiving the previous BPL indication, at least in part, based on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold and the indicated BPL is different from the BPL for the data at the second time. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising the step of: - adjust, after identifying an error upon receiving the previous BPL indication, the BPL for data maintained by the UE, and use the adjusted BPL for data after the first time plus a threshold unless it is overwritten by another signaled BPL switch for data occurring between the second time and the first time plus the threshold value. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination comprises the step of: determining whether to switch the BPL for the data to the second BPL based at least in part on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, with an effective start at the first time plus the threshold. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination comprises the step of: - determine whether to switch the data BPL to the second BPL at the first time plus a threshold regardless of the scheduling offset. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the foregoing. 10. A wireless communication method, comprising the steps of: - establish, in the base station, the first connection with the user equipment (UE) using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL); - support BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTI); changing the BPL for data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel states; - identifying a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply another BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; - allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI; - determine the offset when scheduling between the transmission of control information indicating the allocated resources, and the beginning of the first TTI data; and - transmitting the control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset, the assignment for the first data TTI, and the BPL indication, and wherein the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold value, and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether to change BPL for data, and BPL change time. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the data BPL change for the first data TTI is indicated by a scheduling offset greater than or equal to a threshold. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of: - determine that a BPL change for data should not be transmitted when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: - it is determined when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold value that the BPL indicated in the control information indicates the BPL used for the first data TTI. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the BPL change for the data is indicated by a scheduling offset less than a threshold, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus the threshold. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the BPL change for the data is indicated regardless of the scheduling offset, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus a threshold. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the data TTIs include uplink data TTIs, downlink data TTIs, or combinations of the foregoing. 17. Device for wireless communication, containing: - means for establishing, in the user equipment, the first connection with the base station using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL); means for maintaining a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during transmission time intervals (TTIs) of data; means for identifying a threshold value corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; means for receiving the first transmission of control information at a first time, the first transmission of control information including a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and an indication of a BPL; - means for determining, at least in part, based on the threshold and the scheduling offset, whether or not to switch the BPL for the data, and the switch time to perform the switch; and means for switching the data BPL to the second BPL during the switch in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the means for determining whether to switch the data BPL is at least in part based on determining that the scheduling offset is greater than or equal to a threshold, and to switch the data BPL to the second BPL to the second time. 19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the means for determining whether to maintain the first BPL as the data BPL based on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. 20. The device according to claim 19, further comprising: means for identifying that an error has occurred upon receiving the previous BPL indication, based at least in part on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, and the BPL indicated in the first transmission of the control information indicates that the BPL being used by the base station for the first data TTI is different from the first BPL. 21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the means for determining whether to switch the data BPL to the second BPL based at least in part on determining that the scheduling offset is less than a threshold, with an effective start at the first time plus the threshold . 22. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the means for determining whether to switch the data BPL to the second BPL at the first time plus a threshold regardless of the scheduling offset. 23. A device for wireless communication, comprising: means for establishing, at the base station, a first connection with a user equipment (UE) using a first link of a pair of beams (BPL); - means for maintaining a BPL for data that is initialized from the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs); means for changing the BPL for the data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel conditions; means for identifying a threshold value corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply another BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; means for allocating resources to the UE for the first data TTI; means for determining a scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the beginning of the first data TTI; and means for transmitting control information to the UE, wherein the control information includes a scheduling offset, an assignment for the first data TTI, and a BPL indication, and wherein the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold, and the BPL indication are indicated to the UE, should whether to change the BPL for the data, and when the BPL changed. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the data BPL change for the first data TTI is indicated by a scheduling offset greater than or equal to a threshold. 25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the means for changing determines not to transmit a BPL change for data when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the means for changing determines when the scheduling offset is less than a threshold value, then the BPL indicated in the control information should indicate the BPL used for the first data TTI. 27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the BPL change for the data is indicated by a scheduling offset less than a threshold, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus the threshold. 28. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the data BPL change is indicated regardless of the scheduling offset, and the BPL change time corresponds to the control information transmission time plus a threshold. 29. A device for wireless communication, comprising: - processor; - a storage device that maintains electronic communication with the processor; and - instructions stored in the storage device and executed by the processor to instruct the device: - to establish, in the user equipment, the first connection with the base station using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL); - support BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs); - identify a threshold value corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; - receive a first transmission of control information at a first time, the first transmission of control information including a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and a BPL indication; - determine, at least in part, based on the threshold and scheduling offset, whether or not to switch the BPL for the data, and the switching time to perform the switch; and - switch the data BPL to the second BPL during the switch in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL. 30. The device according to claim 29, further comprising: - a receiver connected to the processor and storage device, which receives the first transmission of control information and one or more TTI downlink data transmissions; and - a transmitter connected to a processor and a storage device that transmits one or more uplink TTI data transmissions. 31. A device for wireless communication, comprising: - processor; - a storage device that maintains electronic communication with the processor; and - instructions stored in a storage device and executed by the processor to instruct the equipment: - to establish, in the base station, the first connection with the user equipment (UE) using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL); - support BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs); - change the BPL for data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel conditions; - identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply another BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; - allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI; - determine the scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the start of the first data TTI; and - transmit control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset, the assignment for the first data TTI, and the BPL indication, and wherein the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold value, and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether to change BPL for data, and BPL change time. 32. The device according to claim 31, further comprising: - a transmitter connected to a processor and a storage device that transmits control information and one or more downlink TTI data transmissions to the UE; and - a receiver connected to a processor and a storage device that receives one or more uplink TTI data transmissions. 33. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code containing instructions executable by a processor to: - to establish, in the user equipment, the first connection with the base station using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL); - support BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs); - identify a threshold value corresponding to the amount of time required by the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply a BPL different from the first BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; - receive a first transmission of control information at a first time, the first transmission of control information including a scheduling offset, an assignment for a first data TTI that starts at a second time corresponding to the first time plus a scheduling offset, and a BPL indication; - determine, at least in part, based on the threshold and scheduling offset, whether or not to switch the BPL for the data, and the switching time to perform the switch; and - switch the data BPL to the second BPL during the switch in response to determining whether to switch the data BPL. 34. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code containing instructions executable by a processor to: - to establish, in the base station, the first connection with the user equipment (UE) using the first link of a pair of beams (BPL); - support BPL for data that is initialized with the first BPL and used during data transmission time intervals (TTIs); - change the BPL for data to a second BPL based on at least one or more channel conditions; - identify a threshold corresponding to the amount of time for the UE to decode the BPL switch indication and apply another BPL, at least in part, based on said indication; - allocate resources to the UE for the first data TTI; - determine the scheduling offset between the transmission of control information indicating allocated resources and the start of the first data TTI; and - transmit control information to the UE, the control information including the scheduling offset, the assignment for the first data TTI, and the BPL indication, and wherein the scheduling offset, the control information transmission time, the threshold value, and the BPL indication indicate to the UE whether to change BPL for data, and BPL change time.

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