RU2776505C1 - Matrix with an interrupted detonation circuit channel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosive technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to explosive technology and can be used in the development of means to improve the safety of explosive devices (ED) by interrupting the detonation circuit (DC) with a guarantee of maintaining a high level of reliability of the ED. A matrix with an interrupted detonation circuit channel contains an explosive composition and an inert layer covering it. In the matrix and the covering inert layer, cavities (grooves) are made along the sides of the channel and under it with the formation of a bridge in the inert layer. In one of the side cavities there is a knife with a flat rectangular or concave profiled end, the larger side of which exceeds the adjacent size: the height of the bridge.

EFFECT: possibility of interrupting the DC channel, ensuring explosion safety during the interruption.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to explosive technology and can be used in the development of means to improve the safety of explosive devices (ED) by interrupting the detonation circuit (DC) with a guarantee of maintaining a high level of reliability of the VU.

A gunpowder knife is known (RF patent No. 2287411; IPC B23D 15/14, B21F 11/00; published in bull. No. 32 dated 11/20/2006), containing an actuator in the form of a cutting tool and a trigger in the form of a powder charge with a drive, which disables several electrical circuits by cutting cables.

The disadvantage of the powder knife is that if it is used in the WU to interrupt the electrical circuit of the detonation from the electric detonator (ED), the detonation circuits remain in working condition. Then, with an intense emergency impact on the EM, the explosion of the VU as a whole is not excluded.

Known pyrocut (RF patent No. 2353481; IPC B23D 15/12, B64D 17/72; publ. in bull. No. 12 dated 27.04.2009), containing a housing with a hole for a destructible element, with a trigger mechanism, a gas-forming charge and a cylindrical knife with double-sided sharpening.

The disadvantage of the pyro-cutter is that in the case of an attempt to use it in the VU to interrupt the detonation circuit, it is not excluded that the permissible parameters of the mechanical effect on the explosive (or explosive composition, hereinafter referred to as explosives) from the sharp edge of a cylindrical knife with dangerous initiation of ignition or detonation of explosives are not excluded.

An explosive logic circuit is known (RF patent No. 2247923; IPC F42B 3/10; publ. communication and made in the form of a receiving charge and an adjacent inert barrier on the side of the destructible rod with the possibility of moving under the action of the products of the explosion of the receiving charge.

The disadvantage of the explosive logic circuit is that the destruction of the detonation circuit (DC) occurs only at the moment of detonation of the entire circuit when the product is triggered, and the further destructive effect of the explosion products of the explosive circuit no longer affects the performance of the circuit and the product. However, in some cases, it is necessary to turn off the DC in advance, without an explosion, which this scheme does not provide.

The explosive logic circuit is the closest analogue.

The technical result of the invention consists in the possibility of interrupting the DC channel, which is reliably switched off in the simplest way and is guaranteed to ensure explosion safety during and after the interruption.

The specified technical result is achieved by a matrix with an interrupted detonation chain channel containing an explosive composition, covered with an inert layer, due to the fact that cavities (slots) are made in the matrix and the covering inert layer on the sides of the channel and under it, in the matrix and the covering inert layer jumper. In one of the side cavities there is a knife with a flat rectangular end or a concave profiled end, the larger side of which exceeds the adjoining size (height) of the jumper.

The cavities (slots) in the matrix and the covering inert layer on the sides of the channel and under it are made in such a way that they form in the matrix and the covering inert layer a jumper (bridge) from the material of the matrix and the covering inert layer so that the inert material surrounds the channel even within the jumper with explosives on all sides. The jumper is a section of the DC channel, prepared for destruction with minimal consequences for the surrounding structure of the product.

In one of the side cavities there is a knife with a flat rectangular end or an end with a concave profiled surface - cylindrical, spherical, designed to extrude part of the bridge into the cavity on the other side of the bridge - into another cavity without touching the explosive channel with the edges of the knife. The force effect of the knife on the jumper is provided, for example, by a pneumatic drive.

The large side of the butt end of the knife exceeds the size of the adjacent side of the bridge formed in the matrix and the covering inert layer to ensure complete removal of the extruded part of the bridge into another cavity. This is also facilitated by the limited length of the cavity under the jumper.

To perform the matrix and the covering inert layer, a porous plastic material (plastic) with a density in the range of 0.5 ... 0.8 g/cm ³ can be selected. The material of the working part of the knife must have compressive and crushing strengths exceeding the tensile strengths of the web material. When the knife end is pressed against the jumper with a destructive force, two transverse diverging oblique cracks are formed in it, extending from the edges of the knife towards another cavity. Quasi-static destruction of the bridge does not require a high speed of displacement of the knife, values in the range of 0.1 ... 10 m/s are sufficient. In the expanding gaps of oblique cracks, a shear-tensile rupture of the plastic explosive of the interrupted channel occurs and the subsequent removal of the broken-off part (parts) of the jumper with part of the explosive and part (parts) of the covering inert layer into another cavity with a knife. The knife, displaced by a distance exceeding the transverse dimension (width) of the bridge, is installed between the remaining parts of the bridge and, when the DC is triggered, reliably prevents the spread of detonation between the remaining parts of the channel due to the weakening of the necessary thickness of the knife that occurs in its material of the shock wave. Since the end knife does not touch the explosive during the entire interruption of the DC channel by destroying the jumper, and the explosive breaks, among other things, from the direct impact of the edges of the rather soft plastic material of the jumper, there are no dangerous local overvoltages in the explosive that can lead to its outbreak or detonation. The displaced position of the knife is fixed by a drive or a special additional device. The knife, which is under compression from the drive, to avoid loss of stability, is placed with minimal gaps in the guide groove of the matrix, covered with the structural layers of the product and extending into the cavity at the jumper.

The use of the proposed matrix with an interrupted DC channel allows you to reliably and safely interrupt the DC, for example, to turn off the detonation connection between the electric detonator and the main explosive charge of the product. The interruptible DC channel matrix provides the interrupt function in the simplest way - by destroying the prepared area, without requiring the use of fine mechanics.

A matrix with an interrupted DC channel, as a simple high-reliability device, can be used not only to turn off, but also to turn on a DC in the case of using detonation logic circuits, for example, in a DC built according to a controlled detonation logic circuit (RF patent No. 2470256; IPC F42D 1/04, F42B 3/10; published in Bulletin No. 35 of 12/20/2012). Such a scheme contains a controlled (switchable) disablement channel that implements the principle of a functional break - it provides the initial "functional break" of the DC with its initially physically closed sections. The inclusion of such a DC is carried out by interrupting (destroying) the controlled disabling channel, made in the form of an interrupted DC channel of the proposed matrix.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

Fig. 1 - Design of a matrix with an interrupted detonation chain channel (covering inert and structural layers are not shown).

Fig. 2 - Section of the matrix structure with an interrupted detonation chain channel across the jumper.

In the figures, the positions indicate: 1 - detonation channel with explosives, 2 - matrix, 3 - covering inert layer, 4 - knife, 5 - cavity (groove) with a knife, 6 - second cavity, 7 - limiting cavity, 8 - jumper (bridge ), 9, - guide groove, 10 - structural layer, 11 - direction of movement of the knife.

The device functions as follows: when the drive is actuated (not shown in the figure), the knife 4 is introduced into the jumper 8 with explosives and destroys it, carrying the material into the second cavity 6 and, at the same time, blocking the detonation channel 1.

A calculation-theoretical model of a matrix with an interrupted detonation circuit channel and working drawings for a DC interruption device were developed, according to which a prototype device with a pneumatic drive was manufactured and successfully tested.

Claims (1)

A matrix with an interrupted channel of the detonation circuit, including an explosive composition, and an inert layer covering it, characterized in that in the matrix and the covering inert layer on the sides of the channel and under it, cavities are made, forming a jumper in the matrix and the covering inert layer, in one of the side cavities there is a knife with a flat rectangular or concave profiled end, the large side of which exceeds the size of the adjacent side of the jumper.

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