RU2775763C1 - Air intake valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electromechanics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of electromechanics, in particular to electromagnetic valve actuators, mainly for internal combustion engines, and can be used for emergency opening of the air duct of an aircraft internal combustion engine when the air filter is iced. The air intake valve includes a cylindrical body with inlet and outlet channels, an electromagnetic system containing a magnetic circuit and an electromagnet having coils and an armature. Additionally, it contains a second electromagnetic system containing a magnetic circuit and an electromagnet having coils and an armature, while the electromagnetic systems are located symmetrically on opposite sides of the housing, the inlet channel is made from the side of the end wall, the outlet channel is at an angle of 90° to the longitudinal axis of the inlet channel, and on opposite end wall there is an electrical connector and a sensor for interaction with the electronic control unit, the armatures of the electromagnetic systems are interconnected by a hemispherical locking element, in which through holes are made, the part of the housing opposite to the outlet channel is perforated with holes corresponding to the through holes of the locking element, made with the possibility of moving along the longitudinal axis of the inlet channel, the magnetic circuit has movable and fixed parts, in each of the armatures of the electromagnets there are permanent magnets that hold armature in the closed or open position, the electromagnet coils are wound in different directions and connected in series. A branch pipe is attached to the outlet channel for attachment to the turbocharger. A branch pipe for mounting an air filter is attached to one of the end walls of the housing.

EFFECT: invention provides emergency opening of the air duct of an aircraft internal combustion engine in case of air filter icing and zero energy consumption in the passive state.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electromechanics, in particular to electromagnetic valve actuators, mainly for internal combustion engines and can be used for emergency opening of the air duct of an aircraft internal combustion engine when the air filter is iced.

A device is known for electromagnetic control of reciprocating valves (application DE No. 3500530, IPC F01L9/04, publ. 10.07.1986), consisting of two electromagnetic systems with a common towards each other, and two permanent magnets located inside the peripheral part of the winding magnetic circuit. The location of the magnets at the maximum distance from the working gap between the armature and the end surface of the magnetic circuits that surround the windings leads to a significant shunting of the field from the permanent magnet falling into the working gap by stray fields between the winding magnetic circuits and, as a result, a significant weakening of the magnet force acting on the armature. In addition, such an arrangement of the magnet significantly worsens the power characteristic, which takes on a hyperbolic form when the force at the maximum gap is minimal and increases sharply at the minimum gap. When adding forces from a pair of magnets and two springs, the total characteristic has a pronounced non-linear character, which leads in dynamics to the occurrence of spontaneous self-oscillatory movements of the armature.

However, the presence of two electromagnetic systems (circuits) significantly worsens the dynamics of work due to the occurrence of EMF in one of them when the current changes in the other and an increase in mutual inductance, leading to an increase in the time constant of the windings. This device does not provide zero power consumption in the passive state.

Known electrodynamic valve drive (patent RU 2140034, IPC F16K31/08, F01L 31/08, published: 10/20/1999) The valve consists of a magnetic circuit, an armature that is attracted to the stop when voltage is applied to the solenoid valves, a spring that presses the spherical valve to the seat with seal. The spherical shutter has the ability to rotate on the axis. The valve has an outlet channel, an emphasis for fixing the position of the spherical shutter. The inlet channel, the channel in the anchor, the channel in the spherical valve and the outlet channel in the open position of the valve form a straight hydraulic path of constant cross section. The valve is controlled by applying an electrical signal to the solenoid winding.

Closest to the claimed is a solenoid valve (patent RU 2154218, IPC F16K31/02, published: 08/10/2000), consisting of a housing with inlet and outlet channels, a seat, an electromagnet with a spring-loaded linear armature. The armature is provided with an opening for the flow of the working fluid and a spherical shutter interacting with the seat, while the spherical shutter is made of a magnetized material, is included in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet and is fixed on the anchor with the possibility of rotation around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the armature, and a channel is made in the body of the shutter, coinciding in one of the extreme positions of the shutter with the output channel.

The disadvantage of the above devices is the presence of springs that ensure that the armature is pressed against one of the poles of the electromagnet, in the kinematics of the armature, which reduces the speed of the electromagnet and requires current to be supplied to the control winding to hold the armature of the electromagnet in a position in which the spring is compressed and acts against the force created by the electromagnet. Also, these devices do not provide zero power consumption in the passive state.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to create an air intake valve that provides emergency opening of the air duct of an aircraft internal combustion engine when the air filter is iced and zero energy consumption in the passive state.

The technical result is to increase the energy efficiency of the permanent magnet.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the air intake valve, which includes a cylindrical body with inlet and outlet channels, an electromagnetic system containing a magnetic circuit and an electromagnet having coils and an armature, according to the solution, it additionally contains a second electromagnetic system containing a magnetic circuit and an electromagnet having coils and anchor, while the electromagnetic systems are located symmetrically on opposite sides of the body, the input channel is made from the side of the end wall, and the output channel is at an angle of 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the input channel, and on the opposite end wall there is an electrical connector and a sensor for interacting with the electronic control unit , the armatures of the electromagnetic systems are interconnected by a shut-off hemispherical element, in which through holes are made, the part of the body opposite to the outlet channel is perforated with holes corresponding to the through holes of the locking element made with the possibility of moving along the longitudinal axis of the input channel, the magnetic core has movable and fixed parts, permanent magnets are installed in each of the armatures of the electromagnets, which hold the armature in the closed or open position, the electromagnet coils are wound in different directions and connected in series, while attached to the output channel a branch pipe for fastening to a turbocharger, a branch pipe for mounting an air filter is attached to one of the end walls of the housing.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where it is shown: in Fig. 1 is a general view of the air intake valve, in Fig. 2 - electromagnet, in Fig. 3 - armature of the electromagnet.

Positions in the drawings indicate:

1. Valve body;

2. Housing inlet;

3. Housing outlet;

4. Electromagnet coil;

5. Anchor;

6. Connector;

7. Sensor;

8. Locking element;

9. Through holes of the locking element;

10. Valve body bores;

11. Movable part of the magnetic circuit;

12. Fixed part of the magnetic circuit;

13. Permanent magnet;

14. Anchor holder.

The air intake valve has a cylindrical body 1 with inlet 2 and outlet 3 channels (Fig. 1). Housing 1 contains two electromagnetic systems containing a magnetic circuit and an electromagnet having coils 4 and armatures 5. The electromagnetic systems are located symmetrically on opposite sides of the housing 1. The input channel of the housing 2 is made from the side of the end wall. The outlet channel 3 is made at an angle of 90° to the longitudinal axis of the inlet channel 2. A branch pipe for mounting the air filter is attached to one of the end walls of the housing 1 (on the side of the inlet channel). On the opposite end wall of the housing 1, there is an electrical connector 6 and a sensor 7 designed to interact with the electronic control unit (not shown in the figures). A branch pipe is attached to the outlet channel 3 for attachment to the turbocharger. Armatures 5 of electromagnetic systems are interconnected by a locking hemispherical element 8, in which through holes 9 are made (Fig. 2). The part of the body 1 opposite to the outlet channel 3 is perforated with through holes 10, which correspond to the through holes of the locking element 9, which is movable along the longitudinal axis of the inlet channel 2. The magnetic core has movable 11 and fixed 12 parts. The coils of the electromagnet 4 are wound in different directions and connected in series. In each of the armatures 5 of the electromagnets (Fig. 3), permanent magnets 13 are installed. The permanent magnet 13 and the movable part of the magnetic circuit 11 are pressed along the outer diameter into the holder of the armature 14.

The air intake valve works as follows.

In normal mode, when air flows through the air filter, the through passages of the valve body 10 are closed by a locking element 8, which is held in a fixed position by permanent magnets 13 included in the design of the electromagnets.

In the event of an emergency situation (when the air filter is frozen), by means of the electronic engine control unit, a constant voltage of 27 V is supplied through the connector 6, as a result of which the armature 5 moves the locking element 8, thereby ensuring the passage of the air flow in addition to the frozen filter. In the open position, the locking element 8 is also held by permanent magnets 13 included in the design of the electromagnets.

The presence of permanent magnets 13 in the design of the electromagnet allows you to fix the locking element 8 of the air intake valve in any of the positions - open or closed without the need to supply voltage to the coils of the electromagnet 4, thereby ensuring zero energy consumption in the passive state.

Moving from one fixed state to another is provided by changing the polarity of the supply voltage. When supply voltage is applied to the electromagnet winding, one coil attracts the armature, and at this time the second coil demagnetizes the permanent magnet 11, which holds the armature in a fixed position.

Also, when the locking element 8 moves to the open state, the contacts of the sensor 7 close, and when the locking element 8 moves to the closed state, the contacts of the sensor 7 open, providing information about the current state of the locking element 8 to the electronic engine control unit.

Body parts: body 1, inlet channel 2, outlet channel 3 are made of B95 aluminum alloy. Details of the magnetic circuit: the movable part of the magnetic circuit 11 and the fixed part of the magnetic circuit 12 are made of an alloy with a high saturation magnetic induction 27KH. Permanent magnet 13 is made of samarium-cobalt alloy KS25DTs. The locking element 8 is made of a composite material based on polyetheretherketone - Konstaftor 1000. The anchor holder 14 is made of steel 12X18H10T. The microswitch PM21-V is used as sensor 7. Connector 6 was used as connector SNTs170.

The claimed device improves the energy efficiency of the electromagnet. It also increases the speed of the drive.

Claims (1)

Air intake valve, including a cylindrical body with inlet and outlet channels, an electromagnetic system containing a magnetic circuit and an electromagnet having coils and an armature, characterized in that it additionally contains a second electromagnetic system containing a magnetic circuit and an electromagnet having coils and an armature, while the electromagnetic systems are located symmetrically on opposite sides of the housing, the inlet channel is made from the side of the end wall, the outlet channel is at an angle of 90° to the longitudinal axis of the inlet channel, and on the opposite end wall there are an electrical connector and a sensor for interacting with the electronic control unit, the armatures of the electromagnetic systems are interconnected a hemispherical locking element in which passage holes are made, the body part opposite to the outlet channel is perforated with holes corresponding to the passage holes of the locking element, which is movable along the longitudinal axes of the input channel, the magnetic core has moving and fixed parts, permanent magnets are installed in each of the armatures of the electromagnets, which hold the armature in the closed or open position, the electromagnet coils are wound in different directions and connected in series, while a branch pipe is attached to the output channel for attaching to the turbocharger , a branch pipe for mounting an air filter is attached to one of the end walls of the housing.

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