RU2775736C2 - Apparatus for converting linear motion in a stationary system into rotational motion around a pivot in a system rotating around an axis of rotation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in apparatus for converting linear motion in a stationary system into rotary motion around a pivot in a system rotating around an axis of rotation, wherein the pivot and the a xis of rotation are not identical and are not parallel to each other. Apparatus comprises a lifting element and a lifting apparatus used to move the lifting element translationally relative to the stationary system, wherein the lifting element has a first part and a second part, interconnected by means of a rotation bearing so that the first part is configured to turn relative to the second part. Two parts of the lifting element are linked with form-fit connection in the direction of translational movement of the lifting apparatus. The first part of the lifting element is connected with the lifting apparatus, and the second part is connected with the tool for converting linear motion into rotary motion, connected with a shaft located on the pivot so that the linear motion of the second section of the lifting element is converted into rotational motion of the shaft around the pivot. Also proposed are variants of mixer designs applying the above apparatus for converting motion.

EFFECT: use of inventions increases the operational reliability of the apparatus.

10 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a device for converting a linear motion in a stationary system into a rotary motion about a pivot in a system rotating about a pivot.

There are a large number of applications in which, in a rotating system, an element that rotates with it must perform a rotational movement around the axis of rotation, while the axis of rotation does not pass along the axis of rotation and is also not parallel to it. A suitable drive is required to produce a rotary movement. In this case, the drive may be provided in the rotating system so that it also rotates with it. However, the drive needs to be supplied with power and, in addition, it requires adequate space due to its location in the rotating system. In particular, when the drive has a large mass or the rotating system rotates around the axis of rotation at high rotation speeds, under some circumstances, balancing elements are required to compensate for the weight of the drive.

An example of an application is a mixer having a mixing container that rotates during the mixing process and into which the material to be mixed is placed. Such mixers often have eccentrically arranged mixing tools which can themselves rotate again during operation. At the bottom of the mixing container there is a closing lid for emptying the mixer after the mixing operation is completed. Such a mixer is known, for example, from WO 2011/128435 A1.

In the structure shown therein, the closing cover is connected to the support arm by means of a mounting beam and a mounting pin, and thus can be rotated about an inclination axis of the mounting pin. In such mixers, the closing lid often ends flush with the bottom of the container so that a flat bottom surface is formed on which the material to be mixed moves. This ensures efficient, thorough mixing of all the material to be mixed, as there is no dead space above the closing lid that cannot be accessed by the mixing tool.

The requirement that the closure lid be flush with the bottom of the container causes difficulties in terms of configuration and direction of the closure lid.

As a rule, the closing lid must first be moved linearly downwards to open the emptying opening. This, however, may have the result that, due to the location of the emptying hole in the bottom of the container, the mixing material will flow over all edge surfaces of the closing lid and possibly even fouling the closing lid drive. Purely transverse pivotal movement of the cover cap away from the drain opening, however, is not possible due to the substantially cylindrical or frusto-conical contact surfaces of the cover cap and the drain opening.

For this reason, the closing lid drive, which is disclosed in WO 2011/128435 A1, allows a pivotal movement both around the pivot axis and around the mounting pin. In the described embodiment, the support arm is located in the stationary system while the closing lid rotates with the container in the state that it is installed in the emptying hole. Thus, the closing cover is rotatably mounted on the carrier arm.

In principle, it would be preferable if the closing lid could only be rotated about the axis of rotation in order to open or close it. However, in order to ensure that it ends flush with the bottom of the container, the edge surfaces of the closing lid must be curved so that they are on a notional sphere to open and close the emptying opening, while the closing lid can be rotated around it. axis of rotation passing through the central point of the imaginary sphere.

In this case, however, the closing cover cannot be designed to rotate relative to the carrier arm. Instead, the drive would have to be moved to a rotation system with the disadvantages described above. Therefore, up to now, the closing lid has not been realized in the form described.

The object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a device for converting linear motion in a stationary system into rotary motion about a pivot axis in a system that rotates about a rotation axis. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a mixing device of the type described, in which the closing lid can be rotated about an axis of rotation, while the drive for it is located in a stationary system.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of a conversion device of the type described, which has a lifting element, a lifting device with which the lifting element can be translated in translation relative to a stationary system, and means for converting a linear movement into a rotary movement. In this case, the lifting element has a first part of the lifting element and a second part of the lifting element, while the two parts of the lifting element are connected together by means of a rotation bearing with the possibility of relative rotation relative to each other around the axis of the rotation bearing, while the two parts of the lifting element are connected together with positive locking in the translational direction of the lifting device, and the first part of the lifting element is connected to the lifting device, while the second part of the lifting element is connected to the means for converting linear motion into rotary motion, so that the means for converting linear motion into rotary motion is connected to the shaft, located on the axis of rotation in such a way that the linear movement of the second part of the lifting element is converted into a rotational movement of the shaft around the axis of rotation.

Thus, the lifting device and the lifting element are located in the stationary system. By means of the lifting device, the lifting element can reciprocate between two positions, namely between the lower position and the upper position. The terms "lower" and "upper" are chosen here at random. In principle, the movement of the lifting device can take place not in the vertical direction, but in the horizontal or in any other desired direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the movement of the lifting device is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating system.

The lifting device is an actuator in a stationary system that can only reciprocate the lifting element between two positions. The lifting element itself contains two parts: the first part of the lifting element and the second part of the lifting element. The first part of the lifting element is connected to the lifting device without the possibility of rotation. The second part of the lifting element, in turn, is connected to the first part of the lifting element by means of a pivot bearing, so that the second part of the lifting element can be rotated relative to the first part of the lifting element about the axis of the rotation bearing. In a preferred embodiment, the axis of the rotation bearing lies on the axis of rotation of the rotating system.

The result of the construction described earlier is that the second part of the lifting element can rotate relative to the first part of the lifting element about the axis of rotation, while at the same time the lifting device can reciprocate the first part of the lifting element in the direction of the axis of rotation.

The second part of the lifting element is now connected to the means for converting the linear movement into a rotary movement. Since the second part of the lifting element also reciprocates together with the first part of the lifting element in the direction of the axis of rotation due to the positive connection with the first part of the lifting element, this entails a linear movement of the second part of the lifting element. The means for converting the linear movement into a rotary movement is connected to the second part of the lifting element and is thus also in the rotating system. The shaft which is located on the pivot and which is connected to the means for converting the linear motion into a rotary motion always rotates about the pivot when the hoist performs the linear motion.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the lifting device has at least one, and preferably at least four lifting pistons, which connect the stationary system to the first part of the lifting element and can linearly move the first part of the lifting element relative to the stationary system.

In another preferred embodiment, the first and/or second parts of the lifting element have an annular configuration. For example, the second part of the lifting element may include a cylindrical outlet passage of the mixing container and rotate with it about the axis of rotation.

In another preferred embodiment, it is provided that the means for converting linear motion into rotary motion has a cam plate connected to the second part of the lifting element, and a lever that is in contact with the cam plate and which is connected to a shaft located on the axis of rotation.

This embodiment has been found to be particularly practical, even though other means for converting the translational motion into a rotary motion are possible, such as, for example, a combination of rack and pinion.

In another preferred embodiment, an additional means is provided for converting the linear motion into a rotary motion, which is connected to the second part of the lifting element and the second shaft located on the pivot axis. Thus, the shaft located on the pivot axis may be a two-component structure in order to avoid, for example, an open area in which the pivot axis is located.

With regard to the mixing device, the object set forth in the introductory part of this description is achieved by providing a mixing device having a container for receiving the mixed material, which can rotate around the axis of the container, and at the bottom of which there is an emptying hole. The mixing device has a closing lid for closing the emptying opening and a mixer base, wherein the container can be rotated relative to the mixer base. According to the invention, a conversion device is now used, as now described, in which the mixer base is part of the stationary system and the container is part of the rotating system, wherein the closing lid can be rotated around the rotation axis to open and close the emptying opening.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the mixing device, it has two means for converting a linear movement into a rotary movement, both connected to the second part of the lifting element, both respectively connected to a shaft located on the axis of rotation. Thus, it is now possible for the closure lid to comprise two closure lid parts which can be reciprocated about an axis of rotation relative to each other between a closed position, in which the two closure lid parts are in contact and together form a closure lid, and an open position. , in which the two parts of the closing cover are spaced apart from each other, so that an opening is formed between the two parts of the closing cover for removing the mixing material from the container to reciprocate between the closed position and the open position. In this case, both parts of the closing cover are rotatable about the same axis of rotation, wherein one part of the closing cover is connected to a means for converting a linear movement into a rotary movement, and the other part of the closing cover is connected to an additional means for converting a linear movement into a rotary movement. traffic.

Preferably, the mixing device has a rotating mixing tool located inside the container. The closing lid may have an inner surface which, when the emptying opening is closed, is located inside the container, an outer surface, which, when the emptying opening is closed, is located outside the container, and an edge surface, which, when the emptying opening is closed, is located opposite the edge surface of the opening for emptying.

In a preferred embodiment, the closure lid, the emptying opening, and the pivot axis are configured and positioned such that the point farthest from the pivot axis describes a circle on the inner surface or edge surface of the closure lid during the pivot movement, with the closure lid located within the circle, and the edge surfaces of the emptying hole are outside the circle.

By virtue of this measure, the closing lid only has to rotate around the axis of rotation in order to close the emptying opening. The emptying opening is configured and arranged such that the edge surfaces of the emptying opening cannot collide with the closing member during the pivoting movement.

In principle, a gap can remain between the edge surfaces of the closing lid and the edge surfaces of the emptying opening even in the closed position of the closing cover inside the emptying opening. The width of the gap, however, must be less than the smallest grain size of the material to be mixed to be processed in order to prevent the material to be mixed from flowing out of the mixing container in the closed position of the closing lid.

A preferred embodiment provides that the emptying opening and the closing cover have mutually corresponding edge surfaces which come into contact with each other when the closing cover is positioned in the emptying opening.

This measure ensures that there is no gap between the emptying opening and the closing lid in the closed position of the closing lid.

Another preferred embodiment provides that the edge surfaces of the closing lid have a curved configuration such that they lie on the imaginary sphere and the central point of the imaginary sphere lies on the axis of rotation.

Particularly preferably, the closing lid ends flush with the bottom, so that a flat bottom surface is provided when the closing lid is positioned in the emptying opening.

This configuration of the edge surfaces is similar to the structure of the spherical elements of the segment valve. The spherical elements of the segment valve serve as a shut-off element in the dosing and supply lines. However, it should be noted that in the case of spherical segment valve elements, the movable valve elements are in the form of a spherical segment, i.e. not only the contact surfaces that come into contact with the corresponding valve seat are in a curved configuration, but the entire valve element is in the form of a spherical cap. In addition to the fact that such a valve element should not be considered as a closing lid, it also does not allow location in the bottom of the container in its plane due to the shape of the cap.

The configuration according to the invention has the advantage that the closing lid can be easily rotated about the axis of rotation in order to close or open the emptying opening.

Additional advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiment and the accompanying figures.

On the figures:

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a mixer with a closing lid and a device for controlling a closing lid according to the present invention,

Fig. 2 shows a top view of the closure region of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a second plan view of the closure region of Fig. 1, and

4 shows a sectional view of the closure region of Figures 1-3 with a multi-section closure lid.

1 shows a section through a mixer with a device according to the invention. The cylindrical mixing container 1 has a mixing tool 2, which is located eccentrically in the mixing container, and which is supported suspended on the central mixer shaft 3, as well as a stationary wall/bottom scraper (not shown) mounted vertically suspended from above. Mounted to the lowest plane of the mixing tool 2 are lower blades 4 protruding vertically downwards, which operate at a small distance relative to the surface of the bottom of the container.

The emptying hole 5 is located in the center of the mixing container 1. The emptying hole can be closed with a closing element in the form of a closing cap 6. The bottom 7 of the mixing container can be seen here.

The bottom 7 of the container rotates together with the container around the axis 8 of rotation. Part 6 of the closing cover rotates around the axis 9 of rotation to open and close the hole 5 for emptying. In order to make this possible, the parts of the emptying opening and the closing lid preferably have mutually corresponding edge surfaces curved in such a way that they lie on an imaginary sphere, so that in order to open or close the emptying opening, the parts of the closing lid can be rotated around an axis. rotation, on which lies the central point of the conditional sphere.

In general, in the mixing container, above the bottom 7 of the mixing container, there is the material to be mixed, which, when the closing cover 6 is opened, enters the mixing material outlet 10 through the emptying hole 5. The mixing material outlet 10 is connected to the bottom of the container so that it rotates with the container. On the outlet 10 for the material to be mixed is a skirt 11 connected to the stationary system. The mixing material outlet 10 and the skirt 11 are rotatable relative to each other by means of a rotation bearing 16 .

The lifting device 12, 13 is also connected to a fixed system, that is, for example, at the base of the mixer, in which the corresponding mixer is located. In the illustrated example, two lifting stroke pistons 13 are located in respective chambers within the piston housing 12. It is known that the fluid chambers formed by the lifting pistons 13 can be exposed to a working fluid inside the piston housing 12 to reciprocate the lifting piston 13 inside the housing 12 between its two extreme positions, shown, for example, in figures 2 and 3 .

The lifting piston 13 is connected to the first part 14 of the lifting element. When the lifting device 12, 13 is actuated, the lifting element part 14 can move up and down together with the lifting piston 13. The lifting element comprises a first lifting element 14 and a second lifting element 15. The two lifting element parts 14, 15 are rotational relative to each other by means of a rotation bearing 16 . Since the first lifting element 14 is attached to the lifting piston 13, which is located in the stationary system, it does not, in other words, rotate with the mixing container. The second part 15 of the lifting member is in turn connected to the mixing material outlet 10 so that it rotates with it and the mixing container when the container is driven. The first part of the lifting element and the second part of the lifting element are arranged in such a way that they are connected together with positive locking in the direction of linear movement of the lifting device 12, 13, which means that when the first lifting element 14 moves from the lower position shown in Fig.2 , to the upper position shown in FIG. 3, the second part 15 of the lifting element is also raised.

As, in particular, can be seen from figures 2 and 3, the Cam plate 17 is connected to the second part 15 of the lifting element. A lever 18 moves on a cam plate, which in turn is connected to a mixing container or outlet 10 for the material to be mixed. When the hoist is now actuated to move the hoist from the lower position in Fig. 2 to the upper position in Fig. 3, the lever 18 extends along the cam plate 17 and rotates clockwise about the pivot axis 9 . Since the rotary shaft 19 is connected to the closing cover 6 on the axis of rotation 9, the latter also rotates about the axis 9 of rotation.

4 shows a sectional view of the closure region of Figures 1-3 with a multi-section closure lid. In this case, the second lifting element part 15 has two means 17', 17" and 18', 18" for converting the linear movement into a rotary movement, which are both connected to the second lifting element part 15. Opposite cam plates 17' and 17" are connected to the second part 15 of the lifting element. The cam plates 17' and 17" are preferably identical for the mutually opposite movement of the parts 6' and 6" of the closing cover (not shown), i.e. they do not have a mirror-symmetrical configuration. The corresponding lever 18' and 18", respectively, rolls the cam plates, both levers are respectively connected to the rotary shaft 19' and 19", which is located on the axis of rotation, and the levers, in turn, respectively, connected to the part 6' and 6" of the closing cover, respectively, associated with the rotary shaft. Thus, it is now possible for the closure lid to comprise two closure lid parts 6' and 6" which can reciprocate relative to each other between a closed position and an open position about a pivot axis to reciprocate between a closed position and In this arrangement, both parts of the closing cover are rotatable about the same axis of rotation 9, with one part 6' of the closing cover connected to means 17', 18', 19' for converting a linear movement into a rotational movement, and the other part 6" of the closing cover is connected to an additional means 17", 18", 19" for converting the linear movement into a rotary movement. Using identical cam plates 17' and 17", one rotary shaft 19' then rotates clockwise, while while the second rotary shaft 19", located on the same axis of rotation 9, moves counterclockwise.

Thanks to the described conversion device, it is possible in a simple way to produce a rotary movement within a rotating system from a stationary system by means of a translational movement.

List of reference items:

1 mixing container

2 mixing tools

3 mixer shaft

4 lower blade

5 hole for emptying

6 closing cover

6', 6" piece of closing cap

7 bottom of the mixing container

8 rotation axis

9 axis of rotation

10 mixing material outlet

11 skirt

12 piston housing

13 lifting device

14 first lifting element

15 second lifting element

16 slewing bearing

17 cam plate

18 lever

19, 19', 19" swivel shaft

Claims (10)

1. A device for converting linear motion in a stationary system into a rotary motion around the axis of rotation in a system that rotates around the axis of rotation, while the axis of rotation and the axis of rotation are not identical and do not run parallel to each other, containing a lifting element, a lifting device, with by means of which the lifting element has the ability to move in translational motion relative to the stationary system, and means for converting linear motion into rotary motion, while the lifting element has a first part of the lifting element and a second part of the lifting element, the first part of the lifting element is connected to the lifting device, and the second part of the lifting element is connected to the means for converting the linear movement into a rotational movement, while the two parts of the lifting element are connected together by means of a rotation bearing with the possibility of rotation relative to each other around the axis of the rotation bearing, the two parts along of the lifting element are connected together with a positive lock in the direction of the translational movement of the lifting device, while the means for converting the linear movement into a rotary movement is connected to the shaft located on the axis of rotation, so that the linear movement of the second part of the lifting element is converted into a rotational movement of the shaft around the axis rotation, and the means for converting linear motion into rotary motion has a cam plate connected to the second part of the lifting element, and a lever that is in contact with the cam plate and which is connected to the shaft. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting device has at least one, and preferably at least four piston drives that connect the stationary system with the first part of the lifting element and are configured to linearly move the first part of the lifting element relative to the stationary systems. 3. Device according to claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that the first and/or second part of the lifting element has an annular configuration. 4. The device according to one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that it is provided with additional means for converting linear motion into rotary motion, which is connected to the second part of the lifting element and the second shaft located on the axis of rotation. 5. Device according to claim. 4, characterized in that the two means for converting linear motion into rotary motion are configured such that two shafts located on the axis of rotation move mutually opposite. 6. The device according to one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that the axis of rotation and the axis of rotation are perpendicular to each other. 7. A mixing device containing a container for receiving the mixed material, which is rotatable around the axis of the container and at the bottom of which there is an emptying hole, a closing cover for closing the emptying hole and a mixer base, while the container is rotatable relative to the mixer base , characterized in that it is equipped with a device for converting linear motion in a stationary system into rotary motion according to one of paragraphs. 1-6, in which the mixer base is part of a stationary system and the container is part of a rotating system, and the closing cover is rotatable about a pivot axis to open and close the emptying opening. 8. Mixing device containing a container for receiving mixed material, which is rotatable around the axis of the container and at the bottom of which there is an emptying hole, a closing cover for closing the emptying hole and a mixer base, while the container is rotatable relative to the mixer base , characterized in that it is provided with a device for converting a linear movement in a stationary system into a rotary movement according to claim 4 or 6, in which the mixer base is part of the stationary system, and the container is part of the rotating system, and the closing cover is rotatable around the axis rotation to open and close the opening for emptying, while the closing cover contains two parts of the closing cover, which are made with the possibility of reciprocating rotation about the axis of rotation relative to each other between the closed position, in which the two parts of the closing and the lids are in contact and together form a closing lid, and an open position in which the two parts of the closing lid are spaced apart to form an opening for removing mixing material from the container between the two parts of the closing lid for their reciprocating movement between the closed position and an open position, wherein both parts of the closing cover are made rotatable about one axis of rotation, wherein one part of the closing cover is connected to a means for converting linear movement into a rotary movement, and the other part of the closing cover is connected to an additional means for converting linear movement into a rotary movement. traffic. 9. Mixing device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the emptying opening and the closing cover have mutually corresponding edge surfaces that come into contact with each other when the closing cover is located in the emptying opening, and preferably the edge surfaces of the closing cover have a curved configuration, so that they lie on the conditional sphere, and the central point of the conditional sphere lies on the axis of rotation. 10. Mixing device according to one of paragraphs. 7-9, characterized in that the closing lid ends flush with the bottom to form a flat bottom surface when the closing lid is located in the emptying hole.

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