RU2775572C1 - Method for determining the operability of the transducer of spatial vibration on a working object - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to measuring technology. The spatial vibration transducer is installed on the object and its channels are connected in accordance with the operating instructions to power sources and an analog-to-digital converter, and the latter is connected to a personal computer with a pre-installed information processing program. The transducer of spatial vibration is affected by the vibration of the operating object and signals are received at the outputs of the channels, which are measured and stored in one orthogonal and three oblique spatial coordinate systems. After bringing the values ​​of the projections of the spatial vibration vector of the object in three oblique coordinate systems to the values ​​of their projections in the orthogonal system, four values ​​of the module of the vibration vector are determined in each of the spatial coordinate systems, the arithmetic mean value and the deviation of the module values ​​of the spatial vibration vector from the arithmetic mean value. Comparison with a predetermined maximum permissible deviation preliminarily determines the performance of the transducer of spatial vibration on a working object. Then the relative differences between the arithmetic mean value of the spatial vibration vector and the measured absolute values ​​of the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the transducer are determined, compared with the given first additional limit value of the relative differences, the comparison results are used to determine the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the orthogonal sensitivity axes with small values, after that, the absolute relative deviations of the calculated values ​​of orthogonal projections from their measured values ​​are determined, these deviations are compared with the given second additional limit deviation value, the serviceability of channels with small values ​​of orthogonal projections is determined, and the final conclusion is made about the operability of the spatial vibration transducer.

EFFECT: possibility of obtaining objective information about the state of operation of the converter.

1 cl, 2 dwg, 9 tbl

Description

The method relates to measuring technology and can be used to control the performance of the means for measuring the parameters of the object's spatial vibration vector directly during its operation.

As a rule, piezoelectric vibration transducers that have a number of advantages over vibration transducers based on other physical principles (induction, eddy current, capacitive, etc. [see, for example, “Vibrations in Engineering: A Handbook in 6 volumes / editorial board V.N. Chelomey (prev.) - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1981. - v. 5. Measurements and tests. - under the editorship of M.D. Genkin. -1981 - p. 220-226]. For this reason, below, in As examples, only piezoelectric spatial vibration transducers are considered, which measure vibration acceleration, however, all theoretical and practical conclusions can be extended both to vibration velocity and vibration displacement transducers, and to vibration transducers. AI based on other physical principles.

During operation, piezoelectric transducers of spatial vibration vector parameters (hereinafter referred to as transducers of spatial vibration) are affected by various influencing factors of both external (temperature, electric, magnetic fields, shock loads, etc.) and internal nature (aging of piezoceramics, loosening of screw connections , violation of electrical contacts in the sensitive element of the vibration transducer and in the connecting cables, etc.). All this can lead to the fact that during operation the conversion coefficients of one or more sensitive elements of the spatial vibration transducer will change so much that they go beyond the limits allowed by the operating conditions. Accordingly, information about the parameters of the spatial vibration acting on it will be unreliable. The operator, on the basis of the obtained measurement results, may make a decision that is inadequate to the circumstances that have arisen. Therefore, the control of the serviceability of spatial vibration transducers responsible for the safety of working, especially flying, objects is an important technical and economic task.

A known method for remote testing of an accelerometer block is “A method for remote testing of an accelerometer block as part of a measuring transducer and a device for its implementation”, RU 2271015, G01P 21/00, 27.02.2006, as part of an acceleration vector transducer, in which the accelerometer block is periodically tested in the location of the transducer, for which, first, the rigid coupling of the accelerometer block with the transducer housing is excluded, then mechanical vibrations are excited in the accelerometer block, after which the level of induced mechanical vibrations is measured using these accelerometers, and the measurement result is compared with known nominal values and the operability and error of the accelerometers are determined, included in the measuring block.

A known method of checking the piezoelectric vibration sensor "Piezoelectric vibration sensor (Piezoelectric vibration sensor)" - CN 105277617 G01H 11/08, G01N 29/04. To determine its operability, a steel hammer is used as an exciting piezoelectric sensitive element of the sensor, having a source of exciting energy and a control circuit. The response of the measuring piezoelectric system to the normalized impact of a steel hammer is analyzed and failure information such as wear and tear of the detectable part of the piezoelectric sensor can be determined in real time.

The reasons preventing the use of known methods for determining the performance of a piezoelectric transducer of spatial vibration is the complication of the design, in which additional elements must be introduced (a device for excitation of mechanical or pulsed (using a steel hammer) vibrations), while the design of additional elements, as a rule, , depends on the design of the object on which the measuring instruments are installed, i.e. for each type of objects it is necessary to develop special additional elements.

There is a known method for non-dismantling determination of the performance of a single-component piezoelectric vibration transducer at a non-working object - “Method for non-dismantling verification of a piezoelectric vibration transducer at the site of operation”, RU 2524743, G01H 11/08, 08/10/2014, using the excitation of forced mechanical vibrations in the piezopackage of the investigated single-component piezoelectric vibration transducer electrodes of electrical harmonic signal of variable frequency.

A known method for determining the performance of a piezoelectric vibration transducer on an object - "Full function test for in situ test of sensors and amplifiers (Full-scale test for sensors and amplifiers in operation)", DK 2300790 (US 2009284263), G01P 15/09, G01P 21/ 00, G01H 3/00, G01R 31/28, 2014-10-13, according to which testing can be performed from a remote central location without additional wiring, and the sensor is in the working environment. Testing is performed by superimposing test and control signals on the output signal of the transducer. The test signal is converted by additional electronics in the converter and sent to the input of the pre-matching amplifier, where the responses generated by the test signals can be analyzed from the remote analysis system to expertly determine the health of the converter.

The reasons for the impossibility of using known methods to determine the performance of a multicomponent (at least three components) piezoelectric spatial vibration transducer include the fact that when one component of the spatial vibration transducer is electrically excited during non-dismantling verification on a non-operating object, there is a mutual influence of electrical excitation on all components due to their location in one housing and there is a corresponding distortion of the measurement results, which does not allow correctly assessing the operational state of even the tested component of the multicomponent transducer of spatial vibration.

It is also known "Device redundant accelerometers in the control system of the aircraft" (RU 2308068, G05D 1/00, H05K 10/00, 27.05.2005), designed to solve another problem - control the movement of the center of mass of the aircraft by obtaining reliable information about the value and the direction of linear apparent acceleration or apparent velocity.

To do this, the apparent acceleration calculator of a known device must always receive information from at least three of any four spatially spaced accelerometers with single-component low-frequency acceleration transducers, the vectors of the sensitivity axes of which are non-coplanar and non-collinear. Three of the four acceleration transducers form an orthogonal coordinate system, and the sensitivity axis of the fourth, the backup acceleration transducer, makes the same angle with each of the three.

The well-known technical solution is designed to maintain the operability of the device in the event of failure of one of the three orthogonal components due to its functional replacement with a backup acceleration converter.

In contrast to the proposed method for monitoring the performance of a piezoelectric transducer of spatial vibration on a working object, the known device is designed to solve another problem - redundant accelerometers in the aircraft control system and, despite the similar orientation of the acceleration transducers, according to its purpose, essence and the result achieved cannot be recognized as an analogue of the proposed method.

A known method for monitoring the performance of a piezoelectric transducer of spatial vibration at a working object - "Piezoelectric transducer of spatial vibration and a method for monitoring its performance at a working object", RU 2602408, G01P 15/09, 10.11.2016, which is taken as a prototype of the proposed method.

To control the performance in a known way, in the body of the piezoelectric transducer of spatial vibration, in addition to three orthogonally located piezoelectric single-component transducers (channels), an additional fourth channel (control) is placed, the sensitivity axis of which is located at known angles to the sensitivity axes of the orthogonally located channels; determine the values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector of the object in orthogonal and oblique coordinate systems, the latter lead to an orthogonal coordinate system. Then the modules of the vibration vector are determined, they are summed up and the arithmetic mean value is determined. The vibration deviation from the arithmetic mean is calculated, these deviations are compared with a predetermined limit deviation, and the performance of the transducer is determined. Here and below, the minimum composition of each channel of the transducer of spatial vibration includes a sensitive element (in a piezoelectric transducer - a piezoelectric element) and a matching amplifier (in a piezoelectric transducer - a charge amplifier), an electrical voltage is obtained at the output of each channel.

The disadvantages of the known method include its weak sensitivity to determining the malfunction of those channels, the projection of the spatial vibration vector on the sensitivity axis of which is significantly less than the projections on the sensitivity axis of the remaining channels (at least an order of magnitude). In this case, the operability of the transducer of spatial vibration will be confirmed even in those cases when the channel (or channels) is faulty, the projection of the vector on the axis of sensitivity of which will be significantly less than the projections on the axis of sensitivity of the remaining channels. As a result, during subsequent measurements (when the projection of the vector on the sensitivity axis may no longer be significantly less than the projections on the sensitivity axis of the remaining channels), the spatial vibration transducer may give incorrect information about the modulus of the spatial vibration vector until the next check of its performance.

модуль вектора пространственной вибрации определяется выражением:This situation is due to the fact that the modulus of the spatial vibration vector is determined by the quadratic summation of its orthogonal projections under the square root, and it is known from mathematics [see, for example, A.A. Rybkin, A.Z. Rybkin, L.S. Khrenov "Handbook of Mathematics". M., Vysshaya Shkola, 1970 - p. 354-356] that, in the case of quadratic summation, the neglect of a term (or terms) that is at least an order of magnitude less than the maximum term (or the sum of the squares of the maximum terms) leads to an error of no more than, than 0.5%. This is obtained in the following way. For negligibly small values (hereinafter - small values) of one orthogonal projection compared to other projections, for example, projections

the modulus of the spatial vibration vector is determined by the expression:

- проекции вектора пространственной вибрации на оси декартовой системы координат X, 7 и Z, соответственно.where

- projections of the vector of spatial vibration on the axes of the Cartesian coordinate system X, 7 and Z, respectively.

то относительную погрешность определения модуля вектора можно получить в виде, %:If we ignore the projection

then the relative error in determining the module of the vector can be obtained in the form, %:

The task to be solved by the claimed method is to provide the possibility of monitoring the operability of the channels of the transducer of spatial vibration directly on the operating object at any ratio of the projections of the vector of spatial vibration on the axis of sensitivity of individual channels.

The technical result obtained by implementing the proposed method consists in providing the possibility of obtaining objective information about the state of operability of the measuring transducer of the spatial vibration vector in case of obtaining unreliable information about the vibrational parameters of the operating object at any ratio of the projections of the spatial vibration vector onto the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the spatial vibration transducer.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the claimed method for determining the operability of the spatial vibration transducer on a working object, all values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector acting on the transducer of the spatial vibration vector of the object are simultaneously measured and stored - in one orthogonal and three oblique spatial coordinate systems, the values are given projections of the spatial vibration vector of the object in three oblique coordinate systems to the values of their projections in the orthogonal system and determine the four values of the module of the vibration vector in each of the spatial coordinate systems, the arithmetic mean value, the deviations of each of the four values of the module of the spatial vibration vector from the arithmetic mean, compare with a given limit deviation and based on the results of these comparisons, the operability of the studied spatial vibration transducer is preliminarily determined at the same time, the absolute values of the relative differences between the arithmetic mean and the measured absolute values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the transducer are additionally determined, compared with the given first additional limit value of the relative differences, the results of the comparison determine the orthogonal projections of the spatial vibration vector vibrations with small values, determine the absolute values of the relative deviations of the calculated values of orthogonal projections from their measured values, compare these deviations with a given second additional limit deviation value, determine the serviceability of orthogonal channels with small projection values, and make a final conclusion about the operability of all channels of the spatial vibration transducer .

In FIG. 1 shows the spatial arrangement of the sensitivity axes of individual channels of the transducer of spatial vibration. In FIG. 2 shows an algorithm for converting information when implementing the proposed method.

In FIG. one

OXYZ - Cartesian (rectangular) coordinate system;

OXYK, OXZK. OYZK - oblique coordinate systems;

- ортогональные проекции вектора пространственной вибрации в декартовой системе координат;

- orthogonal projections of the spatial vibration vector in the Cartesian coordinate system;

- проекция вектора пространственной вибрации на ось чувствительности контрольного канала K;

- projection of the spatial vibration vector on the sensitivity axis of the control channel K;

- проекции вектора

на ортогональные оси чувствительности каналов X.Y.Z;

- vector projections

on orthogonal sensitivity axes of XYZ channels;

β is the angle between the negative direction of the orthogonal coordinate X and the projection of the control channel vector K onto the OXY plane;

γ is the angle between the control channel vector K and the positive direction of the orthogonal coordinate Z.

The inventive method for determining the operability of the transducer of spatial vibration on a working object is based on the following provisions (Fig. 2).

The spatial vibration transducer is installed on the object, its channels are connected in accordance with the operating instructions to power sources and an analog-to-digital converter, and the latter is connected to a personal computer with an installed information processing program. After turning on the computer, the following bandpass filter parameters are entered into it:

- operating frequency band;

- the value of the reverse frequency of the operating object;

- frequency step in determining the spectral composition and direction of the spatial vibration vector acting on the transducer, depending on the frequency.

The transducer of spatial vibration is affected by the vibration of the operating object and the outputs of the channels receive signals U _X ,U _Y ,U _Z ,U _K , proportional to the projections of the vector of spatial vibration on the sensitivity axes of the channels X, Y, Z and K, respectively (block 1, Fig. 2 ).

Output signals U _x ,U _y ,U _z ,U _k channels X, Y, Z and K, respectively, are converted into digital form using an analog-to-digital converter (block 2, Fig. 2). The output signals of the channels U _X ,U _Y ,U _Z ,U _K are sent to a personal computer (block 3, Fig. 2).

между проекциями вектора пространственной вибрации на ось чувствительности канала Z и на оси чувствительности каналов X, Y и К, соответственно, в зависимости от частоты (блок 5, фиг. 2).Determine the spectra of the output signals of the channels of the spatial vibration transducer X, Y, Z and K, respectively (block 4, Fig. 2), and the direction of the spatial vibration vector, that is, the angles

between the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the sensitivity axis of the Z channel and on the sensitivity axis of the X, Y and K channels, respectively, depending on the frequency (block 5, Fig. 2).

The output signals of the spatial vibration transducer are filtered in order to isolate the reverse frequency of the operating object (block 6, Fig. 2), and the values of the output signals of the channels of the spatial vibration transducer are measured at the reverse frequency

The channel conversion coefficients determined during verification (primary or periodic) are entered into the personal computer and the measured values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the axis of sensitivity of the channels of the spatial vibration converter at the rotational frequency of the operating object are calculated (block 7, Fig. 2):

- измеренные на оборотной частоте значения проекций вектора пространственной вибрации на оси чувствительности каналов преобразователя пространственной вибрации X, Y, Z и K, соответственно;where

- values of spatial vibration vector projections on the sensitivity axis of the channels of the spatial vibration transducer X, Y, Z and K, measured at the reverse frequency, respectively;

k _X , k _Y, k _Z and k _K - conversion coefficients of the channels of the transducer of spatial vibration X, Y, Z and K, respectively, at the reverse frequency;

- углы между проекциями вектора пространственной вибрации на ось чувствительности канала Z и на оси чувствительности каналов X, Y и K, соответственно.

- angles between the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the sensitivity axis of the Z channel and on the sensitivity axes of the X, Y and K channels, respectively.

The values of the angles β and γ are entered into the personal computer, fixing the position of the sensitivity axis of the control channel of the spatial vibration transducer relative to the direction of the sensitivity axes of the orthogonal channels, and the calculated values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector onto the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the channels of the spatial vibration transducer X, Y, Z at the reverse frequency are determined (block 8, Fig. 2):

- расчетные значения проекций вектора пространственной вибрации на ортогональные оси чувствительности каналов преобразователя пространственной вибрации X, Y, Z на оборотной частоте.where

- calculated values of the spatial vibration vector projections on the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the channels of the spatial vibration transducer X, Y, Z at the reverse frequency.

Four calculated values of the module of the spatial vibration vector are determined (measured (actual) value and values of the module with the calculated values of the projections determined by formulas (5) - (7), block 9, Fig. 2):

- измеренное и расчетные значения модуля вектора пространственной вибрации.where

- measured and calculated values of the modulus of the spatial vibration vector.

The arithmetic mean value of the modulus of the spatial vibration vector is determined (block 10, Fig. 2):

- среднее арифметическое значение модуля вектора пространственной вибрации.where

- arithmetic mean value of the modulus of the spatial vibration vector.

The absolute values of the relative deviations of the measured and calculated values of the modulus of the spatial vibration vector from its arithmetic mean value are determined (block 11, Fig. 2):

- абсолютные значения относительных отклонений измеренного и расчетных значений модуля вектора пространственной вибрации от его среднего арифметического значения.where

- absolute values of relative deviations of the measured and calculated values of the modulus of the spatial vibration vector from its arithmetic mean value.

The limiting (maximum allowable) deviation _δ of the values of the module of the spatial vibration vector from its arithmetic mean value is entered into the personal computer and the relative deviations of the four values of the module of the spatial vibration vector are compared with it (block 12, Fig. 2):

между измеренными абсолютными значениями проекций вектора пространственной вибрации на ортогональные оси чувствительности преобразователя X, Y, и Z, соответственно, и средним арифметическим значением (блок 14, фиг. 2), %:Based on the comparison results, the operable state of the spatial vibration transducer is preliminarily determined: if at least one of the conditions (17) - (20) is not met, then the operability of the spatial vibration transducer is not confirmed (block 13, Fig. 2). If conditions (17) - (20) are met, then the absolute values of the relative differences are additionally determined

between the measured absolute values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the transducer X, Y, and Z, respectively, and the arithmetic mean value (block 14, Fig. 2), %:

- абсолютные значения относительных разностей между измеренными абсолютными значениями проекций вектора пространственной вибрации на ортогональные оси чувствительности преобразователя X, Y, и Z, соответственно, и средним арифметическим значением.where

- absolute values of the relative differences between the measured absolute values of the spatial vibration vector projections on the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the transducer X, Y, and Z, respectively, and the arithmetic mean value.

The first additional limit (minimum allowable) value δ _PR of the relative differences between the measured absolute values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector onto the orthogonal axes of the sensitivity of the transducer and the arithmetic mean value is entered into the personal computer and the obtained absolute values of the relative differences are compared with it (block 15, Fig. 2) . If conditions

are satisfied, then the projection values are not considered negligible and, if conditions (17) - (20) are met, the operability of the spatial vibration transducer is confirmed (block 16, Fig. 2), and it is established that there are no malfunctions in the channels of the spatial vibration transducer. If conditions (24) - (26) (one or two) are not met, then the values of the spatial vibration vector projections on the sensitivity axes of orthogonal channels with unfulfilled conditions are considered small, and the absolute values of the relative differences between the calculated and measured absolute values of the projections of these channels are determined (block 17, Fig. 2), %:

- абсолютные значения относительных разностей расчетных и измеренных абсолютных значений проекций ортогональных каналов.where

- absolute values of relative differences between calculated and measured absolute values of projections of orthogonal channels.

The second additional limit (maximum allowable) value δ _MAC of deviations of the calculated module values is entered into the personal computer

of the spatial vibration vector from the measured ones and compare with it the obtained absolute values of the relative differences (block 18, Fig. 2).

If conditions (30) - (32) are met, then there are no malfunctions in all channels of the spatial vibration transducer, and the operability of the spatial vibration transducer is confirmed (block 16, Fig. 2), including the operability of channels with small projection values. If at least one of the conditions (30) - (32) is not met, then the operability of channels with small projection values is not confirmed (block 19, Fig. 2), respectively, the operability of the spatial vibration transducer as a whole is not confirmed (block 13, Fig. 2).

The verification of the method for determining the operability of the spatial vibration transducer was carried out using mathematical modeling of the situation in which the module of the spatial vibration vector was measured by a four-component spatial vibration transducer with serviceable orthogonal and control channels, and the situation in which faults were introduced into the channels.

The calculations were carried out with the following initial data and metrological characteristics of the channels of the transducer of spatial vibration:

conversion coefficients of X,Y,ZnK channels of the piezoelectric spatial vibration transducer k _X =4.9 mV/ms ^-2 , k _Y =5.15 mV/ms ^-2 , k _Z =4.88 mV/ms ^-2 , k ^K \u003d 5.1 mV / ms ^-2 ;

- angles β=30 ang. deg.; γ=45 ang. deg.;

- limiting (maximum allowable) value of deviations δ _ass =2%;

- the first additional limit (minimum allowable) value of relative differences δ ^: _PR =90%;

- the second additional limit (maximum allowable) value of deviations of the measured values of the modulus of the spatial vibration vector from the calculated δ _MAC =5%;

- voltages at the channel outputs in the absence of faults (two options are considered):

option 1: U _x = 7.35 mV, U _Y = 61.8 mV, U _z = 97.6 mV, U _K = 89.08 mV, (in this option, one orthogonal channel (channel X) has a spatial vector projection vibrations on the sensitivity axis are significantly less than the other two orthogonal projections);

option 2: voltages at the channel outputs in the absence of faults: U _x = 7.35 mV, U _Y = 7.725 mV, U _z = 97.6 mV, U _K = 70.15 mV, (in this embodiment, two orthogonal channels ( channels X and Y) the projection of the vector of spatial vibration on their axis of sensitivity is significantly less than the third orthogonal projection).

When modeling, the operations listed in blocks 1 - 6 of the algorithm (Fig. 2) are not considered, since they are preliminary operations and do not directly relate to the issues of determining the performance of the transducer of spatial vibration. The results of calculations obtained in subsequent operations after blocks 1-6 are summarized in tables 1-9.

In the last column of each table 1 - 9, conclusions are given either about the performance of the studied spatial vibration transducer or the presence of small values of orthogonal projections of the spatial vibration vector, while the term "Yes" confirms the performance of the investigated spatial vibration transducer or the presence of orthogonal projections with small values, the term "No" does not confirm the operability of the studied transducer of spatial vibration or the presence of orthogonal projections with small values.

In tables (1-6), as an example, one value of the orthogonal projection of the spatial vibration vector (channel X value) was used, which was significantly less than the other two orthogonal projections (option 1).

In tables (7-9), as an example, the option of influencing the performance of the spatial vibration transducer of two orthogonal channels with small values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector (the values of the projections of the X and Y channels is significantly less than the value of the third orthogonal projection of the Z channel) is considered.

(вариант 1); в таблице 5 - моделирование определения малого значения проекции вектора пространственной вибрации на ось чувствительности ортогонального канала (вариант 1); в таблице 6 - моделирование определения работоспособности преобразователя пространственной вибрации при наличии неисправности в одном ортогональном канале X с малым значением проекции вектора пространственной вибрации на ось его чувствительности (вариант 1); в таблице 7 - моделирование определения малых значений проекций вектора пространственной вибрации на оси чувствительности двух ортогональных каналов (вариант 2); в таблице 8 моделирование проверки работоспособности преобразователя пространственной вибрации способом, указанным в прототипе, полученные при наличии неисправностей в каналах X и Y (вариант 2); в таблице 9 - моделирование проверки работоспособности преобразователя пространственной вибрации заявляемым способом, полученные при наличии неисправностей в двух ортогональных каналах с малыми значениями проекций вектора пространственной вибрации (вариант 2)Table 1 shows the results obtained by simulating the performance test of the spatial vibration transducer with fully functional transducer channels; in table 2 by faulty channel X (measured projection value changed by -13.3%); in table 3 by faulty Z channel (measured projection value changed by -5.0%); in table 4 - simulation of determining the performance of the spatial vibration transducer in the manner specified in the prototype, obtained with various relative deviations from the initial value of the conversion coefficient in channel X with a small projection value at

(option 1); in table 5 - simulation of determining the small value of the projection of the vector of spatial vibration on the sensitivity axis of the orthogonal channel (option 1); in table 6 - simulation of determining the operability of the transducer of spatial vibration in the presence of a malfunction in one orthogonal channel X with a small value of the projection of the vector of spatial vibration on the axis of its sensitivity (option 1); in table 7 - simulation of the determination of small values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the sensitivity axis of two orthogonal channels (option 2); in table 8, simulation of the performance check of the transducer of spatial vibration in the manner specified in the prototype, obtained in the presence of faults in channels X and Y (option 2); in table 9 - simulation of the check of the operability of the transducer of spatial vibration by the claimed method, obtained in the presence of faults in two orthogonal channels with small values of the projections of the vector of spatial vibration (option 2)

Based on the results of mathematical modeling of determining the performance of the spatial vibration transducer, the following conclusions can be drawn:

- in the absence of faults in the channels of the transducer of spatial vibration, conditions (17) - (20) are met, and the performance of the transducer is confirmed (table 1);

т.е. изменение коэффициента преобразования ортогонального канала X на 70%, однако по сложившейся практике в области виброизмерений признается, что отклонение коэффициента преобразования канала более, чем на 5% указывает на его несоответствие Техническим условиям [см., например, ТЗ на составную часть ОКР «Разработка вибропреобразователя пьезоэлектрического трехкомпонентного со встроенным усилителем заряда MB - 52М для бортовой системы диагностики БСДВ - 28», ФГУП «ЦИАМ им. П.И. Баранова», 2019 - с 7-9]) или X и Y (таблица 8);- the minimum impact on the result of determining the health have small values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the sensitivity axis of the orthogonal channels (for example, by the method specified in the prototype, the performance of the spatial vibration transducer is confirmed even if there are faults in the orthogonal channels X (tables 2 and 4 up to the value

those. change in the conversion factor of the orthogonal channel X by 70%, however, according to the established practice in the field of vibration measurements, it is recognized that the deviation of the channel conversion factor by more than 5% indicates its non-compliance with the Specifications [see, for example, the TOR for the R&D component "Development of a vibration transducer piezoelectric three-component with a built-in charge amplifier MB - 52M for the on-board diagnostic system BSDV - 28, FSUE CIAM im. P.I. Baranova", 2019 - pp. 7-9]) or X and Y (Table 8);

- the maximum influence on the results of determining the performance of the transducer of spatial vibration is exerted by the projection of the vector with the maximum value (table 3, calculations show that when the deviation of the conversion coefficient of the channel Z is more than 3.7% at _δset = 2%, the performance of the transducer of spatial vibration is no longer will be confirmed, and under the same conditions, a deviation of the conversion coefficient of the channel Г by 15% leads to a similar result);

- the claimed method for determining the performance of the transducer of spatial vibration allows you to determine the presence of small values of the projections of the vector of spatial vibration on the sensitivity axis of the orthogonal channels (expressions (21) - (26), tables 5 and 7);

- the claimed method allows to detect faults in orthogonal channels with small values of the spatial vibration vector projections on their sensitivity axis (tables 6 and 9).

The above information confirms the possibility of carrying out the invention, achieving the above result and solving the problem: providing the possibility of determining the operability of the channels of the spatial vibration transducer directly on the operating object at any ratio of the projections of the spatial vibration vector on the sensitivity axis of individual orthogonal channels.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the operability of a spatial vibration transducer on a working object, which consists in simultaneously measuring and storing all the values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector of the object acting on the transducer - in one orthogonal and three oblique spatial coordinate systems, giving the values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector of the object in three oblique coordinate systems to the values of their projections in the orthogonal system and determine four values of the module of the vibration vector in each of the spatial coordinate systems, the arithmetic mean value, the deviation of each of the four values of the modulus of the spatial vibration vector from the arithmetic mean value, compare with the specified limit deviation and, based on the results of these comparisons preliminarily determine the operability of the studied transducer of spatial vibration on a working object, characterized in that it additionally determines the absolute relative values of the relative differences between the arithmetic mean and the measured absolute values of the projections of the spatial vibration vector onto the orthogonal sensitivity axes of the transducer, compare them with the specified first additional limit value of the relative differences, determine the orthogonal projections of the spatial vibration vector with small values based on the results of the comparison, determine the absolute values of the relative deviations of the calculated values of orthogonal projections from their measured values, compare these deviations with a given second additional limit value of deviations, determine the serviceability of orthogonal channels with small projection values, and make a final conclusion about the operability of all channels of the spatial vibration transducer.

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