RU2775175C1 - Solar power plant with concentrator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the fields of electrical engineering and solar engineering, in particular to solar power plants with solar radiation concentrators for generating electricity and heat. The expected result is achieved by the fact that in a solar power plant with a concentrator made in the form of lamellae containing a concentrator, a radiation receiver and a sun tracking device, there is a concentrator made in the form of a linear Fresnel lens made of transparent material fixed on the working side of each lamella over the entire area of the working surface, over the entire area a sealed chamber is fixed to the surface of the radiation receiver in thermal contact, connected to the concentrator and pump through a heat-insulated pipeline to the building’s heat supply system for pumping a heat carrier transparent to solar radiation, while the angle of the height of the sun h, the angle of inclination of the lamellae α, the width of the lamellae l, the minimum distance between the lamellae d are related by the ratio:

h=2α+arctg(sinα/(d/l-cosα))-180°,

where l is the width of the lamellae;

d is the minimum distance between the lamellae;

h is the angle of the height of the sun;

α is the angle of inclination of the lamellae relative to the entrance surface.

EFFECT: increase in efficiency.

1 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to solar engineering, in particular to solar power plants with solar radiation concentrators for generating electricity and heat.

A photovoltaic module for power supply is known, in which the solar cells are electrically isolated from the heat exchanger, the space between the solar cells and the heat exchanger, as well as between the glass coating and the heat exchanger, is filled with a layer of siloxane gel, the protective glass coating is made in the form of an evacuated double-glazed window of two glasses, the heat exchanger is made in the form of a sealed chambers with nozzles for circulation of the coolant, the total area of the connected solar cells is commensurate with the area of the upper base of the heat exchanger housing (RF patent No. 2546332, IPC H02S 10/00, H01L 31/042, publ. 10.04.2015, bull. No. 10).

The disadvantage of the known module is the high material consumption.

, Daniel Chemisana,

Moreno, Alberto Riverola,

Atencia and

Collados. Energy Simulation of a Holographic PVT Concentrating System for Building Integration Applications. Energies 2016, 9, 577; 25 July 2016).The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a solar concentrator power plant integrated into a building, containing an energy concentrator in the form of a holographic lens, in the focal region of which a thermal photoelectric receiver is installed, which, with a concentrating system, is integrated into a system of sun-protection lamellas having a tracking device for the movement of the sun ( Julia

, Daniel Chemisana,

Moreno, Alberto Riverola,

Atencia and

collados. Energy Simulation of a Holographic PVT Concentrating System for Building Integration Applications. Energies 2016, 9, 577; July 25, 2016).

The disadvantages of the known solar power plants is the low specific power of the receiver of solar radiation.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of a solar power plant with a concentrator, reduce the cost of electricity and heat received.

As a result of using the proposed invention, the production of electricity and heat increases and the operating time of a solar power plant with a concentrator increases. The utilization factor of installed capacity increases, the efficiency of solar energy conversion increases, heat losses decrease, the average annual production of thermal energy increases, its cost decreases due to the fact that on the working side of the solar power plant with a concentrator, a concentrator is fixed over the entire area of the working surface, made in the form of a linear Fresnel lens made of transparent material, connected to the pump through a heat-insulated pipeline to the heat supply system of the building for pumping a coolant transparent to solar radiation.

The above technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed solar power plant with a concentrator, made in the form of lamellas containing a concentrator, a radiation receiver and a sun tracking device, according to the invention, on the working side of each lamella, a concentrator is fixed over the entire area of the working surface, made in the form linear Fresnel lens made of a transparent material, a sealed chamber is fixed in thermal contact over the entire surface area of the radiation receiver, connected to the concentrator and the pump through a heat-insulated pipeline to the heat supply system of the building for pumping a coolant transparent to solar radiation, while the angle of the sun's height h, the angle of inclination of the lamellae α, lamella width l, minimum distance between lamellas d are related by:

h=2α+arctg(sinα/(d/l-cosα))-180°,

where l is the width of the lamellas;

d - minimum distance between lamellas;

h is the angle of the sun's height;

α - the angle of inclination of the lamellas relative to the entrance surface.

In the variant of the solar power plant with a concentrator, the linear Fresnel lens for pumping the coolant is made of optically transparent polycarbonate.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 shows a general view of a solar power plant with a concentrator, Fig. 2 shows a cross section of a solar power plant with a concentrator, Fig. 3 shows a solar power plant with a concentrator with a building heating system.

The solar power plant with the concentrator in Fig. 1 contains lamellas 1 of width l, on which solar radiation 2 falls, lamellas 1 are installed vertically at a distance d at an angle α relative to the entrance surface, built into the facade of the building 3 and have a sun tracking system 4 for synchronous movement of all lamellas 1 around the horizontal axis 5.

In FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of the lamella 1 of a solar power plant with a concentrator, which consists of a concentrator 6, made in the form of a lens of a transparent material, solar cells 7 connected in series, electrically insulated with a layer of silicone gel 8, a fluorocopolymer film 9 to cover the back of the solar cells 7 , over the entire surface area of the solar cells 7, a sealed chamber 10 is fixed in thermal contact for pumping a coolant 11 transparent to solar radiation 2. The sealed chamber 10 is combined in one housing with the lens of the concentrator 6. For heat supply, the concentrator 6 is connected to the pump 12 through a heat-insulated pipeline 13 to heating system 14 (Fig. 3).

A solar power plant with a concentrator is built into the facade of the building and works as follows.

Solar radiation 2 at the angle of the sun's height h enters the synchronously operating lamellas 1, built into the facade of the building 3 and having a sun tracking system 4 for synchronous movement around the horizontal axis 5. The vertical distance d between the lamellas 1, the width l of the lamellas 1 and the angle of inclination α lamellas 1 relative to the input surface of the solar energy module are selected in accordance with expression (1) depending on the value of the angle of the sun's height h, characterizing the height of the sun above the horizon. The angle of inclination α of the lamellas 1 relative to the input surface of the solar power plant with the concentrator is corrected during the day using the tracking system 4 depending on the values of the angle of the sun's height h.

Solar cells 7 connected in series, electrically insulated with a layer of silicone gel and coated from the back with a fluorocopolymer film 9, are located in such a way that, absorbing that part of the solar spectrum that they need for photoelectric conversion and generating electricity, they, in turn, give off heat energy for heating the coolant 11 in a sealed chamber 10 fixed over the entire area of the working surface in thermal contact with a glass protective coating 6. The coolant 11 circulates in the heat supply system 14 through the pipeline 13 using a pump 12 through the sealed chamber 10, cools the solar cells 7, due to which the efficiency of their work increases, the overall efficiency of the solar energy module increases, the total electricity generation increases, and the heated coolant is used. The implementation of the module in the form of synchronously operating lamellas allows you to increase the operating time and specific power of the solar energy module.

An example of a solar power plant with a concentrator.

A solar power plant with a concentrator is built into the southern facade of the building. Dimensions: height 6 m, length 10 m, the distance between the lamellas d is 0.2 m. The peak electric power of the solar power plant with a concentrator is 15 kW, the thermal power is 30 kW.

Table 1 presents the results of computer simulation of annual insolation amounts for the whole year in kWh/m ² with different orientation of solar modules for the city of Perovo (Crimea).

Estimated annual insolation values (kW⋅h/m ² )

in the vicinity of Perovo (Republic of Crimea)

Module installation angle to the horizon, deg. 90 85 80 75 flat module 1073.0 1172.0 1264.4 1348.4 l = 2 m 1822.5 2278.6 2617.7 3299.3 l = 5 m 2079.8 2600.3 2987.2 3200.3 l = 20 m 2180.6 2726.3 3132.0 3355.4

The integration of a solar energy module into the southern facade of the building allows to reduce the influence of solar radiation in summer and increase its access in winter, which on average reduces electricity consumption for air conditioning and heating by 30-40%.

Claims (7)

1. A solar power plant with a concentrator, made in the form of lamellas containing a concentrator, a radiation receiver and a sun tracking device, characterized in that on the working side of each lamella, a concentrator is fixed over the entire working surface area, made in the form of a linear Fresnel lens made of transparent material , a sealed chamber is fixed in thermal contact over the entire surface area of the radiation receiver, connected to the concentrator and the pump through a heat-insulated pipeline to the heat supply system of the building for pumping a coolant that is transparent to solar radiation, while the angle of the sun's height h, the angle of inclination of the lamellas α, the width of the lamellas l, the minimum distance between the lamellas d are related by the relation: h=2α+arctg(sinα/(d/l-cosα))-180°, where l is the lamella width; d is the minimum distance between the lamellas; h is the angle of the sun's height; α is the angle of inclination of the slats relative to the entrance surface. 2. A solar power plant with a concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear Fresnel lens for pumping the coolant is made of optically transparent polycarbonate.

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