RU2774265C1 - Substrate equipped with a package having thermal properties and an absorbing layer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: substrate technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a substrate coated on one of its sides with a package of thin layers with reflection properties in the infrared region of the spectrum and/or under solar radiation, containing two functional metal layers, in particular, based on silver. Each of the metal functional layers is located between two dielectric coatings. According to the invention, the coating includes at least two absorbing layers that absorb solar radiation in the visible region of the spectrum, located in at least two different dielectric coatings. The invention also relates to double glazing containing such a substrate with a coating on the outside of the glazing.

EFFECT: expansion of the range of solutions for substrate production.

17 cl

Description

The invention relates to transparent substrates, in particular from a rigid inorganic material such as glass (or an organic material such as a polymer substrate, rigid or flexible), wherein said substrates are covered with a stack (stack) of thin layers containing at least one layer with properties such as metallic properties that can respond to solar radiation and/or far infrared radiation.

More specifically, the invention relates to the use of such substrates for the manufacture of thermal insulation and/or solar control glazing. Such glazing is intended for both buildings and vehicles. They aim in particular to reduce air conditioning efforts and/or to reduce excess heat (glazing referred to as "solar protection glazing") and/or to reduce the amount of energy dissipated to the outside (glazing referred to as "low-radiation").

The type of layer stacks known to give substrates such properties consists of at least one metallic functional layer with reflective properties in the infrared and/or solar region, in particular a layer based on silver or a metal alloy containing silver.

This metallic functional layer is located between two dielectric coatings, each of which generally includes several layers, each made of a dielectric material such as metal nitride, metal oxide or metal oxynitride. From an optical point of view, the purpose of these coatings, which surround the metallic functional layer, is to provide "anti-reflective" properties of this metallic functional layer.

This stack is usually produced by layering in succession, carried out by a technique using vacuum, such as cathode sputtering, possibly magnetic cathode sputtering.

Two very thin metal layers can also be provided on either side of the silver layer: an underlying layer as a suspension layer for nucleation and an overlying layer as a protective or "waste" layer to prevent loss of silver if the overlying oxide layer is deposited by cathodic deposition in the presence of oxygen.

These metal layers also have the function of protecting the functional layer during possible high temperature bombing and/or hardening heat treatment.

Currently, there are low-emissivity thin layer packages with a single functional layer (hereinafter referred to as "single-layer functional package") or with two functional layers (hereinafter referred to as "double-layer functional package").

Also known from patent EP-0 847 965 is a package with two layers of silver ("two-layer functional"), conceived to be able to undergo a heat treatment such as bombardment or hardening, without significant changes in optical properties, thanks to the use of oxygen-impervious layers such as silicon nitride and layers designed to stabilize the silver layers.

Also known from EP-0 844 219 is a stack of two silver layers with very different thicknesses, which makes it possible to obtain glazings with a solar factor reduced to at least 32%. Double glazing using this type of package has a light transmission coefficient of the order of 60-65%.

It should be recalled that the solar factor (SF or "g") of a glazing is the ratio of the total solar energy entering a given location through a given glazing to the total incident solar energy, and the selectivity corresponds to the ratio of the light transmission coefficient LT _vis of the glazing in the visible region of the spectrum to the solar glazing factor SF and is: s=LT _vis /SF.

According to the climate of the countries where these glazings are to be installed, in particular according to the level of insolation, the desired performance in terms of light transmission coefficient and solar factor may vary. Consequently, various glazing sets are being developed, characterized by their light transmission levels.

For example, in countries where insolation levels are elevated, there is a high demand for glazing having a light transmission coefficient (LT _vis ) of the order of 25-45-reasonably low (15-25%) solar factor (SF) values.

In particular, it may be desirable to provide low LT glazing without excessively increasing light reflectance (LR) while maintaining energy reflection. In particular, an LR of less than 20% (and even less than 15%) is desirable.

A person skilled in the art knows that one or more layers absorbing in the visible region of the spectrum can be introduced into the package, and more precisely, inside one or more dielectric coatings.

It should be noted that the prior art already knows the use of layers absorbing light in the visible region of the spectrum in stacks with several functional layers, in particular in the patent EP 1 341 732 B1, which is based on the use of such layers absorbing light in the visible region. spectrum, in a package resistant to heat treatment, such as bombardment / hardening. The absorbing layers have a thickness on the order of 1-3 nm. This package is designed to give the glazing high light transmission, about 50-65%.

Achieving increased selectivity should not come at the expense of aesthetic appearance, and in particular color. As a rule, one tries to obtain as neutral appearance as possible, i.e., with a* and b* values close to 0 or slightly negative, in external and internal reflection, as well as in transmission.

The traditional approach to achieving both increased selectivity and exceptional color neutrality has been to develop increasingly complex functional coatings.

Adaptation of the colorimetric properties of these glazings is achieved by adjusting the nature, thickness of the layers or coatings that make up the metallic and/or dielectric functional coatings.

The complexity of the coatings makes it difficult to achieve both good thermal performance and exceptional color neutrality.

This difficulty in achieving exceptional color neutrality is even more pronounced for glazings having a light transmission coefficient of about 25-75%, since they are inherently more colored than glazings having a higher or lower light transmission coefficient. In fact, for very high or very low light transmission coefficients, for which transparency is close to 0 or 100, the perception of colors will be less intense. Colors "converge" to black and to white.

Finally, the complexity of these coatings also makes it difficult to maintain consistent workmanship for a given coating. In fact, as the number of layers and materials that make up these coatings increases, it becomes more and more difficult to adapt application settings to obtain coatings of the same color from two sets produced at the same production site or two sets produced at two different sites. production.

It is also required that the appearance of the glazing is substantially unchanged, regardless of the angle of incidence at which the glazing is viewed. Thus, it is desirable that the color when reflected, especially from the outside of the glazing, has an acceptable coloration even when viewed at an incidence angle of 45° or 60° relative to the normal by an observer. This means that the observer does not have the impression of significant discontinuity in hue or appearance, in particular on tall buildings.

Thus, the aim of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages in developing a glazing with good thermal performance while providing the desired aesthetic appearance.

In particular, the object of the invention is to develop a new type of functional two-layer bag, ie a bag that has a low light transmission coefficient and a relatively neutral color when reflected.

Another important object is to provide a functional two-layer package that has increased selectivity while having a suitable coloration, in particular for external reflection of a glazing, in particular, which is not red.

Another object of the invention is to ensure that the color when reflected on the outside is stable even when the observer is at an angle of incidence other than the normal (perpendicular).

Thus, the object of the invention, in a broader sense, is to provide a substrate coated with a stack of thin layers forming a functional coating capable of responding to infrared radiation and/or solar radiation, said coating containing two metallic functional layers (F), in particular, based on silver, each located between two dielectric coatings (Di), with the formation of a sequence of layers Di1/F1/Di2/F2/Di3, each dielectric coating (Di) contains each at least one layer of dielectric material, and said functional coating contains at least two absorbing layers (A1; A2), which absorb solar radiation in the visible region of the spectrum, located in at least two different dielectric coatings.

The absorbing layers (A1, A2) are separated from the metallic functional layers (F) by at least one dielectric layer, where the geometric thickness of all dielectric layers separating each absorbing layer from the metallic functional layer (F) is greater than or equal to 5 nm.

By "coating" in the sense of the invention, it should be understood that there may be only one layer or several layers of different materials inside the coating.

Generally, by "dielectric layer" in the sense of the invention, it should be understood that the nature of the material is "non-metallic", i.e., not a metal. In the context of the invention, this term refers to a material having an n/k ratio greater than or equal to 5.

Under the "absorbing layer" in the sense of the invention should be understood that the layer is a material with a ratio of n/k 0-5.

It should be recalled that n denotes the real refractive index of a material at a given wavelength, and k represents the imaginary part of the refractive index at a given wavelength; moreover, the ratio n/k is calculated at a given wavelength, identical for n and for k, in this application they are measured equal to 550 nm.

The functional coating may comprise at least one absorbing layer in the first dielectric coating (Di1).

The functional coating may comprise at least one absorbing layer in the second dielectric coating (Di2). The absorbing layer located in the second dielectric coating (Di2) may be surrounded by and be in contact with two sides of layers of dielectric material selected from a layer based on silicon nitride and/or aluminum.

It is preferable that the first absorbing layer (A1) is located in the first dielectric coating (Di1) and the second absorbing layer (A2) is located in the second dielectric coating (Di2).

It is advantageous that in the substrate stack coated according to the invention, the two absorbing layers (A1 and A2) are separated from each metallic functional layer (F1 and F2) by at least one layer of dielectric material.

The absorbing layers (A1, A2) are separated from the silver-based functional layers by at least one dielectric layer, and the geometric thickness of all dielectric layers separating each absorbing layer from the silver-based functional layer is more than 15 nm.

The absorbing layers (A1, A2) may be in contact with a layer of dielectric material, preferably selected from layers based on silicon nitride and/or aluminum.

The geometric thickness of the layer of dielectric material, preferably based on silicon nitride and/or aluminum, located in contact with the absorbing layer (A1 and/or A2), can be:

- more than 15, more than 20, more than 25, more than 30, more than 35, more than 40 nm, and / or

- less than 100, less than 75, less than 60 nm, less than 50 nm.

When the package includes an absorbent layer in the second dielectric coating, this absorbent layer may be surrounded by and in contact with one side or both sides of the layer of dielectric material. It is preferred that the dielectric material layer be selected from a layer based on silicon nitride and/or aluminum. It is preferable that the absorbing layer located in the second dielectric coating is surrounded on both sides by layers based on silicon and/or aluminum nitride.

These embodiments correspond to the following packages:

- Di1a/A1/Di1b/F1/Di2a/A2/Di2b/F2/Di3,

- Di1/F1/Di2a/A1/Di2b/F2/Di3a/A2Di3b.

In a Di1a/A1/Di1b/F1/Di2a/A2/Di2b/F2/Di3 package or in a Di1/F1/Di2a/A1/Di2b/F2/Di3a/A2/Di3b package, part under the absorbing layer of the second dielectric coating (Di2a) preferably has an optical thickness less than the optical thickness of the part of the dielectric coating (Di2b) located on top of the absorbing layer.

It is advantageous for the absorbent layers to be nitride or metallic in nature. It is advantageous for the absorbent layers (A1 and/or A2) to be metallic in nature or nitride, oxide or oxynitride. In particular, the absorbent layers may be selected from layers based on one of the following materials: NbN, TiN, NiCrN, SnZnN, ZrN, Ti, NiCr, Nb, Zr, or a mixture thereof. This list is indicative only, as other types of scavengers may be suitable for the present invention. The absorber type is selected based on aesthetic characteristics, material availability, energy characteristics, durability, material deposition limitations, etc.

The thickness of the absorbent layers must be adapted, in particular, depending on the nature of the chosen material, absorbing to a greater or lesser extent. Thus, it seems reasonable to multiply the value of the geometric thickness by a value indicating the absorbing properties of the material. Just as the optical thickness of a layer can be determined from the product of its geometric thickness and its (real) refractive index n, the "absorption thickness" can be determined from multiplying the geometric thickness by k/n, where n is the real part of the refractive index and k is the imaginary part of the refractive index.

In particular, the absorption thickness (geometric thickness X k/n) of the set of two absorbing layers (A1 and A2) is 0.6-25 nm, preferably 0.8-15 nm, and even more preferably 1-12 nm; the absorption thickness must be calculated taking into account all the absorbing layers of the package. However, blocking layers which are in direct contact with the metallic functional layers, due to their very low thickness, are not considered as absorbent layers.

It is advantageous that the ratio between the absorption thickness (geometric thickness times k/n) of the first absorbent layer to the absorption thickness of the second absorbent layer (A1/A2) is 0.5-5.0, preferably 0.7-4.0, and even more preferably, 0.9-2.5.

Typically, light performance is measured with a D65 illuminator at 2° perpendicular to the material, unless otherwise specified.

The substrate according to the invention has a light transmission coefficient (LT) of less than 60%, preferably less than 50%. These light transmission values are measured directly on the substrate without using it as laminated or laminated glazing.

In the further description of the present application, all energy and aesthetic characteristics of the substrate coated according to the invention are measured with the configuration:

- outer side/clear glass 6 mm thick/bag/space 15 mm thick filled with 90% Ar/clear glass 6 mm thick/inner side;

in particular, the light transmission coefficient (LT) of the substrate coated with a given glazing configuration is 25-45%, preferably 30-40%.

In particular, the solar factor (g) of the substrate coated with a given glazing configuration is 15-30%, preferably 17-26%.

In particular, the selectivity (s) of the substrate coated in this configuration is greater than 1.4, preferably greater than 1.5, and even more preferably greater than 1.6.

In particular, the light reflectance of the outer side of the glazing (LR _{Ext t} ) in this configuration is less than 20%, preferably less than 18%, and even more preferably less than 15%.

In particular, in the configuration "outside/clear glass 6 mm thick/bag/space 15 mm thick filled with 90% Ar/clear glass thickness 6 mm/inside", the colorimetric values a* and b* of the Cielab, La *b*,

- measured at transmission, at normal incidence, are -12 to 2, and/or

- measured at reflection on the outside, at normal incidence, are from -12 to 2, preferably from -10 to 1, and even more preferably from -7 to 0,

- measured at reflection on the outside, at an angle of incidence of 60 ° relative to the normal, are from -10 to 2.

In order to avoid a greenish external reflection, it is preferable that the refractive index a* be greater than the refractive index b* when reflected on the outside.

The colorimetric refractive index a* of the La*b* measuring system, measured at reflection on the outside, at normal incidence, in particular, can be from -7 to 2. The colorimetric refractive index b* of the La*b* measuring system, measured at reflection on the outside, at normal incidence, can be between -10 and 0.

When the angle of incidence for the observer is 45°, and even 60° relative to the normal, it is desirable that the colorimetric indices a* and b* do not change much from the refractive indices measured at normal incidence.

Silver-based metal functional layers are made from silver or a metal alloy containing silver.

It is advantageous for the coating to comprise a blocking layer (OB), preferably metallic, deposited on at least one of the two metallic functional layers (F). The coating may comprise a metal blocking layer (OB) deposited on each of the metal functional layers (F).

It is advantageous for the coating to comprise a blocking layer (UB), preferably metallic, deposited under at least one of the two metallic functional layers (F). The coating may comprise a blocking layer (UB), preferably metallic, deposited under each metallic functional layer (F).

The blocking layers are selected from metal or metal alloy based metal layers, metal nitride layers, metal oxide layers and metal oxynitride layers for one or more elements selected from titanium, nickel, chromium, tantalum and niobium, such as Ti, TiN, TiOx, Nb, NbN, Ni, NiN, Cr, CrN, NiCr, NiCrN. It is preferred that the metal blocking layers are selected from Ti, NiCr based layers. They typically have a thickness on the order of 0.3-3 nm or 0.3-2 nm.

The blocking layers are in contact with the metallic functional layers (F).

In a particular embodiment, the dielectric coatings (Di) comprise a layer of a nitride-based dielectric material (eg, Si ₃ N ₄ ) and a layer of an oxide-based dielectric material (eg, ZnO, SnZnO, or ZnO:Al), wherein the layer is based on the nitride is in contact with the absorbing layer. It is preferred that the nitride based dielectric layer be selected from silicon and/or aluminum nitride based layers.

The optical thickness of dielectric coatings, as a rule, is 15–200 nm. If the dielectric coatings contain several successive dielectric layers, the thicknesses are calculated for all dielectric layers forming the dielectric coating.

When the second dielectric coating comprises an absorbing layer, it is preferable that the part below the absorbing layer has an optical thickness smaller than the optical thickness of the part above the absorbing layer. In particular, the Di2b/Di2a ratio is 1.5-6, preferably 1.8-5.

In particular, the optical thickness of the part under the absorbing layer of the second dielectric coating is 15-120 nm, preferably 25-100 nm, and the part above the absorbing layer has an optical thickness of 80-200 nm, preferably 0-165 nm.

For given thickness values, all layers of the dielectric material located between two metallic functional layers are taken into account, and the thickness of the absorbing layer for calculating the optical thickness of the dielectric coating, on the contrary, is not taken into account.

According to a specific embodiment, a thin metal blocking layer (UB) can be provided under at least one of the two metal functional layers. These blocking layers typically have a thickness on the order of 0.3-2 nm.

The package may also contain a top protective layer. It is preferred that the top protective layer be the last layer of the package, i.e., the outermost layer of the coated substrate of the package. These top protective layers are not considered to be in the last dielectric coating (Di3).

These layers typically have a thickness of 2-10 nm, preferably 2-5 nm.

The protective layer may be selected from a layer of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc and/or tin; this or these metals are present in metallic, oxide, or nitride form. It is advantageous for the protective layer to be a titanium oxide layer, a zinc tin oxide layer or a titanium zirconium oxide layer.

The invention further relates to the use of a substrate coated as described above to produce double glazing.

It is preferable that the package according to the invention is located on the glazing side 2, ie on the inside of the outer substrate, forming a structure of the type: glass/thin layer package/space/glass.

Each substrate can be transparent or colored. One of the substrates can at least partially be made of glass, mostly colored. The choice of paint type will depend on the level of light transmission and/or on the desired colorimetric appearance required for the glazing after it has been manufactured.

The glazing substrates according to the invention are suitable for heat treatment. Thus, they can be bombed and/or hardened if necessary.

The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the details and useful features of the invention.

Examples

Example 1

Table 1 below illustrates the geometric thicknesses in nanometers of each of the layers of the packages obtained for comparative examples (C1 à C4) and corresponding to the invention (Ex 1a-1h). LT of about 30% is achieved in the received packages.

Comparative example C1 is similar to bags according to the invention, but does not contain an absorbent layer.

Comparative examples C2, C3 and C4 contain one absorbing layer, respectively, in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd dielectric coating.

Various types of absorbent layer were chosen: in examples C1-C4 and a, b and c, two absorbent layers were made of NbN (k=1.8; n=3.5). In example d, the absorbent layers are made of NiCrN (k=3.3; n=3.1); in the example e - from Ti (k=2.7; n=3.1); in the example f - from TiN (k=1.6; n=1.8); in the example g - from Nb (k=1.4; n=4.4); in the example h is from SnZnN (k=1.9; n=3.3).

[Table 1]

Ex 1 Packet (nm) C1 C2 c3 C4 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e 1f 1g 1h _TiO2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Di3 SiN 21 35 29 17 27 22 22 28 thirty 29 thirty 32 Absorption 0 0 0 5.4 0 3.3 2.5 0 0 0 0 0 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 OB2 NiCr 1.5 2 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.7 1.9 1.2 1.9 2 F2 Ag eight 8.4 10.2 eight 10.9 13.3 10.4 11.3 10.4 11.7 10.4 11.2 UB2 NiCr 3 2.5 0.5 one 3 1.5 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.8 Di2 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 SnZnO fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen 35 31 27 31 3 SiN 32 39 26 thirty 44 44 37 28 16 24 16 28 Absorption 0 0 3.7 0 3 0 5.1 2.6 2.2 7.7 2.2 2.9 SiN 33 33 37 25 16 22 fourteen 22 22 32 22 16 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 OB1 NiCr 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.5 2.5 0.3 1.1 1.8 1.5 1.8 0.3 F1 Ag 12.3 11.1 eight 12.1 11.7 8.9 10.7 8.3 12.0 eight 12.0 fourteen UB1 NiCr 2 1.5 2 0.5 0.5 0.5 2 0.3 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.3 Di1 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Absorption 0 4.5 0 0 3 4.5 0 3.2 1.5 5.5 1.5 3.1 SiN 27 fifteen 42 58 41 38 39 46 36 40 36 33

Table 2 below summarizes the main optical and power characteristics obtained from the configuration:

Outside/clear glass 6mm thick/bag/space 15mm thick filled with 90% Ar/clear glass 6mm thick/inner side

[Table 2]

Ex 1 Configuration 6mm Indian PLX/15mm 90Ag/6mm Indian PLX S g LT a*t b*t Rc a*c b*c Rg a*g b*g a*60 b*60 C1 1.54 19.5 30.1 -5 -7 26 -eighteen -12 21 -6 -four 2 -13 C2 1.59 19.5 31.1 -ten -2 18.5 -eight -6 17 -3 -3 -5 -3 C3 1.44 19.5 28 -5 -2 fifteen -2 3 eighteen one -6 -3 -eight C4 1.43 19.6 28 -four -6 26 -eighteen -fifteen 18.5 5 -2 7 -2 1a 1.59 18.2 29 -5 0 12 -four -one 13 -one -four -2.5 -6 1b 1.63 19.5 31 -ten -2 eighteen -ten -6 9 -3.5 -6 -4.5 -7 1c 1.44 19.5 28 -four 0 13 -3 four 16 0 -four one -7 1d 1.48 19.3 28.5 -four -one 12.3 -2 -four 12.7 -0.6 -5.5 -3.5 -6.5 1e 1.5 19.3 29 -four -one 12 -2 -four 13 -0.5 -5.1 -3.5 -6.5 1f 1.66 19.3 32 -6 -one 12 -5.8 -four 12.9 -0.5 -4.2 -2 -6.5 1g 1.6 19.5 30.8 -5.4 -one 12 -2.1 -1.3 13 -0.6 -3.6 -0.6 -6.1 1h 1.53 19.5 29.8 -four -one 12.1 -2 -four 13 -0.5 -5.5 -3.3 -5.9

Example 2

Table 3 below illustrates the geometric thicknesses in nanometers of each of the layers of the packages obtained for comparative examples (C1-C4) and in accordance with the invention (Ex 2a-2h). LT of about 40% is achieved in the received packages.

Comparative example C1 is similar to bags according to the invention, but does not contain an absorbent layer.

Comparative examples C2, C3 and C4 contain one absorbing layer, respectively, in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd dielectric coating.

Various types of absorbent layer were chosen: in examples C1-C4 and a, b and c, two absorbent layers were made of NbN (k=1.8; n=3.5). In example d, the absorbent layers are made of NiCrN (k=3.3; n=3.1); in the example e - from Ti (k=2.7; n=3.1); in the example f - from TiN (k=1.6; n=1.8); in the example g - from Nb (k=1.4; n=4.4); in the example h is from SnZnN (k=1.9; n=3.3).

[Table 3]

Ex 2 Packet (nm) C1 C2 c3 C4 2a 2b 2c 2d 2e 2f 2g 2h _TiO2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 SiN 33 35 31 16 31 25 28 28 27 31 29 33 Di3 NbN 0 0 0 3.5 0 3.2 one 0 0 0 0 0 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 OB2 NiCr 0.8 one 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.9 F2 Ag 12 11.1 9.8 10.1 11.6 13.5 10.1 11.7 10.9 12.1 10.9 11.9 UB2 NiCr 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 Di2 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 SnZnO fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen fifteen 34 34 34 34 35 SiN 38 40 43 31 48 46 45 23 27 22 thirty fifteen NbN 0 0 4.5 0 2.5 0 4.5 1.4 1.5 4.6 2.0 1.5 SiN thirty 26 ten 27 fourteen twenty ten 26 eleven 23 ten 27 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 OB1 NiCr 2.3 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.3 1.4 1.0 1.8 0.8 f1 Ag 12.5 13.1 8.6 eight 13.1 9.6 10.5 eight 10.3 9.7 9.2 14.0 UB1 NiCr 2 0.5 2 1.6 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.3 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.3 Di1 ZnO 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 NbN 0 5 0 0 2.5 3.8 0 3.0 3.1 4.7 2.4 2.6 SiN 31 fifteen 45 33 36 35 40 46 43 36 43 25

Table 4 below summarizes the main optical and power characteristics obtained with the same configuration:

Outside/clear glass 6mm thick/bag/thickness 15mm filled with 90% Ar/clear glass 6mm thick/inside.

[Table 4]

Ex 2 Configuration 6 mm Indian PLX/15 mm 90 Ag/6 mm Indian PLX S g LT a*t b*t Rc a*c b*c Rg a*g b*g a*60 b*60 C1 1.67 25.2 42 -eight -2 16.8 -12 -eight twenty 2 -eight -6 -7 C2 1.62 26 42 -9 -1.5 13.5 -5 -7 12 -1.5 -4.5 -5 -four C3 1.48 26 38.5 -5 0 ten -2 0 fifteen 0 -3.5 -2 -6 C4 1.48 26 38.5 -eight -3 ten -ten -eight eight -5 -2 2 -eight 2a 1.61 24.9 40 -5.5 0 ten -four -2 eleven -one -four -2.5 -5.5 2b 1.58 26 41 -eight 0 fourteen -ten 3 ten -3 -3 -3.5 -5 2c 1.51 25.5 38.5 -5 0 ten -3 3 fourteen one -3 -1.5 -eight 2d 1.5 25.7 38.5 -3.5 -1.3 12.7 -2 -5 10.2 0 -5 -3.7 -6.6 2e 1.59 25.5 40.5 -5 0 12 -2 -5 ten -0.5 -3.9 -3.1 -5.6 2f 1.68 25 42 -5 -one 11.7 -5 -5 13 -0.5 -3.5 -3.5 -6.3 2g 1.58 25 39.6 -4.3 0.7 11.1 -2.1 -5 ten -0.5 -5.3 -3.5 -6.5 2h 1.6 24 38.5 -four -one 12 -2.6 -5 13 -0.5 -5.5 -3.1 -6.5

In conclusion, it can be seen that the examples according to the invention make it possible to obtain double glazings with a light transmission coefficient of the order of 30-40%, in combination with low solar factors (g less than or equal to 26%, at LT of the order of 40, and g is 20% when LT is 30%) and low light reflection (LR _ext less than 20%), and with proper provision of the desired appearance.

Comparative examples do not allow you to combine all the desired criteria.

It is particularly noteworthy that the color when reflected on the outside can be maintained in the neutral zones, which cannot be said for the comparative examples. Moreover, it can be argued that:

- in example 1, in the comparative example V2, the color in transmission will be too greenish, and in the comparative example V4, the color in external reflection will be reddish.

- in example 2, V4, the refractive index a* will be lower than the refractive index b*, which gives a too greenish tint, and in the comparative examples V2 and V4, the transmission color will be too greenish.

The angular color stability in external reflection will be particularly high compared to the packages according to the comparative examples.

The present invention has been described above by way of example. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can obtain various embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the patent as defined in the claims.

Claims (17)

1. A substrate coated with a stack of layers forming a functional coating capable of responding to solar radiation and/or infrared radiation, and said coating contains two metallic functional layers (F), each of which is located between two dielectric coatings (Di), so that it contained at least a sequence of layers Di1/F1/Di2/F2/Di3, starting from the substrate, and each dielectric coating (Di) contains at least one layer of dielectric material, characterized in that the coating contains at least two layers, which absorb light in the visible region of the spectrum (A1, A2), located in at least two different dielectric coatings, while the absorbing layers (A1, A2) are separated from the metal functional layers (F) by at least one dielectric layer, the geometric thickness of all dielectric layers separating each absorbing layer from the metal functional layer (F) is greater than or equal to 5 n m. 2. The coated substrate of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one absorbing layer in the first dielectric coating (Di1). 3. Coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one absorbing layer in the second dielectric coating (Di2). 4. The coated substrate of claim 3, characterized in that the absorbing layer located in the second dielectric coating (Di2) is surrounded on both sides and is in contact with layers of dielectric material selected from layers based on silicon nitride and/or aluminum . 5. Coated substrate according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbing layer (A1) is located in the first dielectric coating (Di1) and the second absorbing layer (A2) is located in the second dielectric coating (Di2), each absorbing layer being separated from each metallic functional layer (F1 and F2) with at least one layer of dielectric material. 6. Coated substrate of claim 5, characterized in that in the Di1a/A1/Di1b/F1/Di2a/A2/Di2b/F2/Di3 package, the part under the absorbing layer of the second dielectric coating (Di2a) has an optical thickness smaller than the optical the thickness of the part of the dielectric coating (Di2b) located on top of the absorbing layer. 7. Coated substrate according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent layers (A1, A2) are metallic or nitride in nature. 8. Coated substrate according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent layers are selected from layers based on one of the following materials: NbN, TiN, NiCrN, SnZnN, ZrN, Ti, NiCr, Nb, Zr or mixtures thereof. 9. A coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a light transmission coefficient (LT) of less than 60%. 10. A coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a light transmission coefficient (LT) of less than 50%. 11. A coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the configuration "outside/clear glass 6 mm thick/package/space 15 mm thick filled with 90% Ar/clear glass 6 mm thick/inner side", the coefficient light transmission (LT) is 25-45%. 12. A coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the configuration "outside/clear glass 6 mm thick/package/space 15 mm thick 90% filled with Ar/clear glass 6 mm thick/inner side" it has a selectivity of more than 1.4. 13. A coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the uncoated side of the substrate is intended to form the outer side of the glazing, wherein the light reflectance (LR) on the outer side in the outer side/clear glass thickness 6 mm/packet/ space 15mm thick filled with 90% Ar/clear glass 6mm thick/inside" is less than 20%. 14. Coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating comprises a metal blocking layer (OB) deposited on at least one of the two metal functional layers (F). 15. Coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating comprises a metal blocking layer (UB) deposited under at least one of the two metal functional layers (F). 16. A coated substrate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dielectric coatings (Di) comprise at least one layer of a nitride-based dielectric material and at least one layer of an oxide-based dielectric material, the nitride-based layer is in contact with the absorbent layer. 17. Double glazing comprising two transparent substrates, characterized in that the transparent substrate located on the outside of the glazing is the substrate according to any one of the preceding claims.