RU2773717C1 - Method for restoring measurements for the purposes of automated control systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for monitoring equipment in an automated control system of industrial facilities and can be used in electrical engineering and other fields to restore equipment measurement data. The method contains the steps: entering information about the primary equipment to which the measuring circuits of the I/O device are connected, and about the primary equipment with which there is a direct technological connection; checking the possibility of obtaining the measurements necessary to perform the automation functions, and in the absence of the necessary measurements, sending a message requesting the measurements necessary to perform the automation function and indicating the primary equipment to which these measurements relate; receiving a message requesting measurements and checking whether there is a direct technological connection with the primary equipment specified in the message; if there are measurements of equipment operation parameters and there is a direct technological connection between the primary equipment, a message is sent indicating the parameters of the transmitted measurements, and if the I/O device has a direct technological connection with the primary equipment, but does not have the necessary measurements, then messages are sent to other I/O devices whose primary equipment has a direct technological connection with the equipment this I/O device, after receiving a response message from other I/O devices, the measurement flow parameters are sent to the master controller; and the missing measurement values are calculated according to the specified ratios, taking into account the current state of the technological scheme of the control object.

EFFECT: providing the possibility of restoring missing values of parameter measurements.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

[01] Field of technology

[02] The invention relates to methods for monitoring equipment in an automated control system of industrial facilities and can be used in electrical engineering and other fields to recover equipment measurement data.

[03] State of the art

[04] The application of Kirchhoff's law to reconstruct measurements in protective relays is well known in the art. Existing approaches rely on predetermined measurement parameters transmitted over a local area network and have a rigidly defined operation logic. Such algorithms require preliminary design and separate configuration of each device when changing the main circuit of such electric power facilities as power plants and substation.

[05] The technical requirements for automated monitoring of relay protection and automation devices (RPA) are known (STO 34.01-4.1-007-2018), including the requirements for the IEC 61850 standard of 03/23/2018. Within the framework of this standard, monitoring of the health of the relay protection and automation equipment is considered based on a comparison of the measured main influencing quantities from several observed relay protection devices to monitor the health of the secondary circuits. The measured values of RPA devices connected to the same bus system (section) should be compared. In accordance with the first Kirchhoff's Law, the sum of the current values of the connections connected to one busbar system must be equal to zero. The occurrence of an unbalance indicates a malfunction of the secondary circuits or incorrect measurement of the input influencing quantities by the monitored RPA devices. However, the issue of restoring measurements for the purposes of relay protection and automation is not considered in case of loss of data from measuring current and voltage transformers. Those. the analogue does not solve the problem of identifying the serviceability of individual elements of the relay protection devices and restoring the missing measurements when the communication channels and the relay protection system as a whole are in good condition.

[06] A method for monitoring equipment in an automated control system of a thermal plant is known from the prior art (see China utility model patent CN202025227, 02.11.2011, the closest analogue). The system includes an industrial CAN network, a communication device having a computing module (CPU) that performs the function of a local control controller, as well as input-output devices equipped with computing modules and connected to the network and to primary equipment having switching devices. According to the method, the communication module requests, and the input-output devices collect measurement data necessary to perform automation functions, from primary equipment with which there is a direct technological connection. If necessary, digital and analog I/O devices can exchange measurement data. The specified measurement values are transmitted to the communication device (local controller) for sending to the data center and receiving instructions for controlling the automation functions.

[07] The disadvantage of analog is also the inability to restore the missing values of the measurement parameters.

[08] Disclosure of the Invention

[09] The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the loss of measurement data of equipment operation parameters in automated control systems.

[010] The technical result of the invention is to provide the possibility of restoring missing measurement values of parameters in an automated control system. In particular, it may be possible to obtain the missing values of electrical parameters for relay protection and automation based on the calculation of instantaneous current values.

[011] To solve this problem and achieve the specified result, a method for restoring measurements in an automated control system is proposed, which includes: a control controller associated with the primary equipment and equipped with a main computing module, as well as an additional computing module for interacting with the main computing module; input-output devices connected with the control controller via a local area network (LAN) and with primary equipment and equipped with a main computing module, as well as an additional computing module for controlling the launch of automation functions in the control controller. The method includes the following operations. Information about the primary equipment to which the measuring circuits of the input/output device are connected and about the primary equipment with which there is a direct technological connection is entered into the additional computing module of each input-output device. Before starting the execution of the automation function, by means of an additional computing module of the control controller, by analyzing the data transmitted over the LAN, the possibility of obtaining the measurements necessary to perform the automation functions is checked, and in the absence of the necessary measurements, a message is transmitted to all I / O devices located in that the same LAN as the control controller, requesting the measurements required to perform the automation function and specifying the primary equipment to which these measurements refer. By means of an additional computing module of the input-output devices, a message with a measurement request is received and it is checked whether there is a direct technological connection with the primary equipment indicated in the message. Then, if there are measurements of the equipment operation parameters specified in the message from the control controller, and there is a direct technological connection between the primary equipment, a message is sent to the control controller through an additional computing module of the I / O device indicating the parameters of the measurements transmitted over the LAN, and if the I / O device has direct technological connection with the primary equipment indicated in the message from the control controller, but does not have the necessary measurements, then by means of an additional computing module of this I / O device, messages are sent to other I / O devices, the primary equipment of which has a direct technological connection with the equipment of this input device - output, and after the input-output device receives a response message from other input-output devices, by means of an additional computing module, the input-output devices are sent over the LAN pa measurement flow parameters to the control controller. Then, by means of the control controller, the missing measurement values are calculated according to the given ratios, taking into account the current state of the technological scheme of the control object.

[012] In addition, the specified technical result is achieved in private embodiments of the invention due to the fact that:

[013] - when the additional computing module of the input/output device sends a message to the control controller indicating the parameters of the transmitted measurements via the LAN (8), the position of the switching devices or valves connected by the position measurement contacts to this input/output device is taken into account;

[014] - as measurement parameters, the value of current or voltage, or pressure, or flow is calculated;

[015] - intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) are used as a control controller;

[016] - object communication devices (USO) are used as input-output devices.

[017] Brief Description of the Drawings

[018] The invention is illustrated by the figures, where:

[019] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system that implements the claimed method;

[020] Figure 2 shows an example of connecting a system that implements the claimed method;

[021] The figure 3 shows a diagram of the connection and interaction of devices in the implementation of the invention according to the exemplary embodiment;

[022]

[023] The elements in the figures are indicated by the following reference numbers:

1 - control controller (IED I);

2 - the main computing module of the controller;

3 - additional computing module of the controller;

4 - input-output device;

401 - the first input-output device (USO I);

402 second input/output device (USO II);

403 - the third input-output device (USO III);

5 - the main computing module of the input-output device;

6 - additional computing module of the input-output device;

7 - primary equipment;

8 - local area network (LAN);

801 - TLVS lower level (process bus);

802 - TLVS upper level (station bus);

9 - switching device / shutoff valves;

10 - logical connection of the control controller with the primary equipment;

11 - connection of input-output devices with primary equipment;

12 - connection of devices with a LAN;

13 - technological connection between the primary equipment;

14 - power line (line I, line II);

15 - switches (BI, BII);

17 - disconnectors (PI.I, PI.II, PII.I, PII.II);

18 - grounding disconnectors (ЗHI.I, ЗHI.II, ЗHII.I, ЗНII.II, ЗНIII);

19 - power transformer (TI);

20 - measuring current transformers (TTI, TTII, TTIII)

21 - measuring voltage transformer (THI),

22 - tire (SHI),

I1, I2, I3 - current strength,

[024] the Implementation of the invention

[025] The claimed method is designed to automatically generate an algorithm for restoring measurements based on measurement data on adjacent elements of the technological scheme of the control object, taking into account the current state of switching devices (switches, disconnectors, grounding disconnectors) or shutoff valves, by bypassing the graph of the technological diagram of the control object, the nodes of which is the primary equipment, and the edges of the graph are the technological links between this equipment.

[026] The method is implemented by means of a system (FIG. 1) containing at least one control controller (1) and several I/O devices (4).

[027] The control controller (1) includes a main computing module (2) and an additional computing module (3) for interaction with the main computing module (2). The controller (1) is also connected to the primary equipment (7) via a logical link (10).

[028] The input-output devices (4) have a main computing module (5) and an additional computing module (6) for controlling the launch of automation functions in the control controller (1). Input-output devices (4) are connected (link 11) with the primary equipment, as well as switching devices (9) (for electrical systems) or valves (for the pumping system), which in turn are connected (link 13) with the primary equipment ( 7).

[029] The control controller (1) and input/output devices (4) are connected to the LAN (6) via communication (12).

[030] In a particular case of the implementation of the invention (see Fig. 2, 3) input-output devices (4) can be made in the form of communication devices with the object (USO 401, 402, 403) (MU in accordance with IEC 61850) . The devices are designed to collect analog and discrete signals from primary equipment. The devices (4) digitize the analog and discrete values of the measured parameters with the transmission of the measured values via the Ethernet network to the technological local area network (TLNA) of the lower level (801) (process bus, process bus according to the IEC 61850 standard), as well as changing the state of discrete outputs to control substation equipment based on commands received from control controllers (1) from the technological local area network (801). Input-output devices (4) can transmit measurements to the lower-level LAN using data transfer protocols (GOOSE, SampledValues) that provide broadcast messages to all devices in the lower-layer LAN (801). Receiving devices (management controllers 1) independently filter incoming broadcast messages to extract the information necessary for their operation in accordance with the settings of the management controller.

[031] The controllers (1) can be implemented as intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) (IEDs according to IEC 61850). The controllers have a computing module connected to the lower-level LAN (801) (process bus) and the upper-level LAN (802) (station bus according to the IEC 61850 standard). The purpose of the IED is to receive measurements from input-output devices via the lower-level TLAN, receive control commands from the upper-level control system (SCADA) via the upper-level TLAN, calculate algorithms for automatic control and protection of the primary equipment of the substation, transfer control commands from the primary equipment to the input devices output via lower-level TLAN (802), transfer of information about the current operating mode and measured parameters to the upper-level control system (SCADA) via upper-level TLAN (802).

[032] During the operation of the protection system, automatic and automated control, malfunctions may occur, as a result of which some of the measurements of electrical parameters in the form of broadcast messages in the lower-level LAN (801) may be missing. Such malfunctions include: power failure of input-output devices (4), failure of input-output devices (4) due to an internal malfunction, violation of communication channels of the lower-level TLVS (801), failure of TLVS equipment, malfunction of primary measuring transducers (current and voltage transformers), violation of time synchronization of input-output devices (4). At the same time, the functioning of the protection and automation algorithms performed in the control controllers stops due to the lack of input data for the operation of the algorithms.

[033] When implementing the claimed method, information about the primary equipment (7) to which the measuring circuits of the corresponding input/output devices (4) are connected, and about the primary equipment (7 ), with which there is a direct technological connection.

[034] Before starting the automation function, an additional computing module (3) of the control controller (1) checks the possibility of obtaining the measurements necessary to perform the automation function by analyzing the data transmitted over the local area network (6) using the field level bus.

[035] In the absence of the necessary measurements, a message is transmitted by the module (3) of the control controller (1) to all I / O devices (4) located in the same LAN (6) as the control controller (1), with a request for the measurements necessary to perform the automation function, indicating the primary equipment (7) to which these measurements relate. Additional computing modules (3) of input/output devices (4) receive a request and check whether there is a direct technological connection with the primary equipment (7) indicated in the message. In this case, through the input-output devices (4), the position of the switching devices or shut-off valves (9) connected by position measurement contacts to this input-output device (4) is taken into account.

[036] If there are measurements of technological parameters (current, voltage, pressure, flow, etc.) indicated in the message from the control controller (1) and there is a direct technological connection between the primary equipment (7) taking into account the position of switching devices or valves ( 9), through the module (6) of the input-output device (4), a message is sent to the control controller (1) indicating the parameters of the transmitted measurements via the technological LAN (6). If the input-output device (4) has a direct technological connection with the primary equipment (7), but does not have the necessary measurements, the module (6) of the input-output device (4) sends messages to other input-output devices (4), with which the equipment of this input-output device (4) has a direct technological connection.

[037] When the module (6) of the input-output device (4) receives a response message from other input-output devices (4), sends a message through the module (6) to the control controller (1) with the parameters of transmission over the technological LAN (6) measurement streams.

[038] The control controller (1) receives the message and calculates the missing measurement values (current, flow, pressure, etc.) using the given mathematical formulas, taking into account the current state of the technological scheme of the control object.

[039] Thus, the restoration of the missing measurement values of the operation parameters of the control object for automation is implemented based on the calculation of the instantaneous values of the measured parameters, which reduces the cost of design and commissioning when commissioning automation equipment at industrial facilities.

[040] The following is an example implementation of the invention. As an example, the process of monitoring primary equipment for the purposes of automatic control and relay protection in electrical substations is described (see Fig. 2).

[041] The controlled and protected equipment includes power lines (14) (line I, line II), switches (16) (BI and BII), disconnectors (17) (PI.I, PI.II, PII.I, PII.II), earthing disconnectors (18) (ЗHI.I, ЗШ.II, ЗHII.I, ЗНII.II, ЗНIII), power transformer (19) (TI), measuring current transformers (20) (TTI, ТТII, TTIII) and voltage (21) (THI). The substation equipment is connected to the input-output devices (401, 402, 403) in the form of communication devices with the object (COD) using specialized outputs and inputs. To implement the method, an additional computing module (6) is installed in the USO (401, 402, 403), into which information about the equipment to which this USO (401, 402, 403) is connected, as well as identifiers of the equipment that has a direct electrical connection is loaded. with equipment controlled by this USO. According to figure 2, USO I (401) controls the following equipment: switch (16) BI, disconnectors (17) PI.I and PI.II, grounding knife (18) ZHI.I and ZHI.II, current transformer (20) TTI, voltage transformer (21) THI. Equipment with which the controlled USO I (401) has an electrical connection: bus (22) ШI, Line 1(14). USO II (402) controls the following equipment: BII (16), PII.I, PII.II (17), ZHII.I, ZNII.II (18), TTII (20), THI (21). Equipment with which the controlled USO II (402) has an electrical connection: bus ШII (22), Line II (14). USO III (403) controls the following equipment: ZNIII (18), TTIII (20), THI (21). Equipment with which the controlled USO III (403) has an electrical connection: bus SHI (22), transformer TI (19).

[042] Due to the technical features of instrument transformers, connecting a large number of devices to voltage transformers is easier than connecting a large number of devices to current transformers, so THI (21) is connected simultaneously to USO I (401), USO II (402) and USO III ( 403). Interrogators (401, 402, 403) through the main computing module (5) transmit to the lower level LAN (process bus) (801) digitized instantaneous measurements of electrical parameters in the form of a broadcast message stream available to all lower level LAN devices (801). In this case, the USO (401, 402, 403) transmit measurements to the lower level TLVS (801) according to a strict schedule tied to a single time stamp. The main (5) and additional (6) computing modules of the USO are connected via the internal data bus of the device.

[043] The control controllers (1), made in the form of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), are connected to the lower-level LAN by means of the main computing module (2) (801). IED I(1) by means of the main computing module (2) receives broadcast data streams from the USO (401, 402, 403) and calculates on their basis the protection and automation algorithms of the power equipment of the substation - in this example, this is the overcurrent protection function (MTP) . Power equipment control commands are transmitted from the main computing module (2) of the IED I (1) to the main computing module (5) of the USO I (401) by transmitting broadcast signals over the lower-level LAN (801). The loss of the flow of measurements of electrical parameters from the interrogator I (401) can be diagnosed by the absence of the flow of broadcast data by any device connected to the lower level LAN (801). If the USO I (401) is in working condition, but the measuring channel is broken (the measuring current or voltage transformer is damaged, the cable from the measuring transformers to the USO I is damaged), the broadcast data stream will contain a sign of measurement quality, indicating that they are unreliable. The connection diagram of the USO and IED devices is shown in Fig. 3.

[044] In any of the above cases, the execution of the overcurrent function in IED I (1) using an unavailable measurement stream is terminated. At the same time, the additional computing module (3) of the IED I (1) requests from the additional computing modules of the CCO II (402), CCD III (3) remaining in operation information about which power equipment these CCDs are connected to and with which power equipment they have direct electrical connection. The additional computing module (3) of IED I (1) builds the substation graph on the basis of the information received and, by traversing the substation graph, calculates which CDRs are measurement sources, on the basis of which it is possible to calculate the missing measurement flow using the first Kirchhoff law. The main (2) and additional (3) computing modules of the IED I (1) are interconnected via the internal data bus. The additional computing module (3) of the IED I(1) reconfigures the main computing module (2) so that instead of receiving measurements that have become unavailable, the calculated measurement values obtained by calculating the instantaneous values of the currents in the node are received at the input of the protection and automation algorithms. according to the first Kirchhoff law: I1+I2=I3. After that, the additional computing module (3) resumes the operation of the MTS function in the main computing module (2). The additional computing module (2) monitors the lower-level TLVS (801) and, in the event of restoration of the measurement flow from the USO I (401), reconfigures the main computing module (2) IUE I(1) so that the input of the MTS function receives measurements from Interrogator data stream I(401).

[045] Despite the fact that the implementation of the invention is illustrated on the example of a power plant, the claimed method can be used to monitor the operation of other equipment, such as pumping stations.

Claims (11)

1. A method for restoring measurements in an automated control system containing: a control controller (1) connected to the primary equipment (7) and equipped with a main computing module (2), as well as an additional computing module (3) for interacting with the main computing module (2 ); input-output devices (4) connected to the control controller via a local area network (LAN) (8) and to the primary equipment (7) and equipped with a main computing module (5), as well as an additional computing module (6) for controlling the launch of functions automation in the control controller (1), the method involves the following operations: information about the primary equipment (7) to which the measuring circuits of the input/output device (4) are connected, and about the primary equipment (7) with which there is direct technological connection; before starting the execution of the automation function, by means of an additional computing module (3) of the control controller (1), by analyzing the data transmitted over the LAN (8), the possibility of obtaining the measurements necessary to perform the automation functions is checked, and in the absence of the necessary measurements, by means of an additional computing module (3) of the controller controls (1) send a message to all I/O devices (4) located in the same LAN (8) as the control controller (1), with a request for the measurements necessary to perform the automation function, and an indication of the primary equipment (7), to which these measurements refer; by means of an additional computing module (6) of the input-output devices (4) receive a message with a request for measurements and check whether there is a direct technological connection with the primary equipment (7) indicated in the message; then, if there are measurements of the operation parameters of the equipment specified in the message from the control controller (1), and there is a direct technological connection between the primary equipment (7), a message is sent to the control controller (1) through an additional computing module (6) of the input-output device (4) indicating the parameters of the transmitted measurements via LAN (8), and if the input-output device (4) has a direct technological connection with the primary equipment (7) indicated in the message from the control controller (1), but does not have the necessary measurements, then by means of an additional of the computing module (6) of this input-output device (4) send messages to other input-output devices (4), the primary equipment (7) of which has a direct technological connection with the equipment of this input-output device (4), and after receiving by the input device -output (4) of a response message from other input-output devices (4) by means of an additional calculation the research module (6) of the input-output device (4) sends via the LAN (8) the parameters of the measurement streams to the control controller (1); and by means of the control controller (1), the missing measurement values are calculated according to the given ratios, taking into account the current state of the technological scheme of the control object. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which when the additional computing module (6) of the input-output device (4) sends a message to the control controller (1) indicating the parameters of the transmitted measurements via the LAN (8), the position of the switching devices or valves (9) is taken into account ) connected by position measurement contacts to this I/O device (4). 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the measurement parameters calculate the value of current or voltage, or pressure, or flow. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) are used as the control controller (1). 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that communication devices with an object (USO) are used as input-output devices (4).

Images