RU2773585C1 - Construction set piece - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: toys.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to elements designed to be interconnected. According to the claimed technical solution, any polyhedron surfaces may be secured to similar surfaces with the same arrangement of magnets and/or ferromagnetic elements. A construction set piece is made as a polyhedron containing magnets and/or ferromagnetic elements secured on a face of the polyhedron, configured for connection thereof with another surface of another polyhedron with a similar arrangement of magnets and/or ferromagnetic elements, characterised by the fact that the magnets and/or ferromagnetic elements are placed in the cavities of polyhedron covers, formed on the edges of the polyhedron, where they can freely move and rotate allowing one polyhedron to be matched with another one, wherein the magnets and/or ferromagnetic elements are arranged according to the following algorithm: a rounded quotient from dividing the length of the edge by the standard size of the length of the edge is obtained, the length of the edge is divided into the amount of parts equal to the rounded quotient, the centre of each resulting segment is found, and a step is taken to the left and to the right to a distance greater than double the size of the magnet, but less than half the standard size of the length of the edge; the cover is made of a material permeable to a magnetic field. The magnets and/or ferromagnetic elements have any shape, including a sphere, a cylinder, a square, a parallelepiped with a square section, or any other. The magnets can be ferrite or neodymium.

EFFECT: reliable fastening of two faces of polyhedra due to the claimed principle of arranging magnets and/or ferromagnetic elements.

3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to elements that need to be connected to each other. According to the claimed technical solution, any surfaces of polyhedrons with similar surfaces with the same arrangement of magnets can be fastened.

A game constructor is known from the prior art (utility model patent RU 159548, published on February 10, 2016, Bull. No. 4), including a soft block of the game constructor, characterized in that it is made in the form of a prism, contains neodymium magnets fixed on the side face soft block with the possibility of docking with another similar block. Neodymium magnets of positive polarity are located on one diagonal of the prism face, and neodymium magnets of negative polarity - on the other diagonal of the prism face, while the distance between the neodymium magnets and from the neodymium magnets to the edges of the prism is the same. The disadvantage of this design is that the blocks cannot be connected to each other along the edge of the prism face, only connection through the prism face is allowed.

The closest in technical essence is the detail of the designer (RU 193528, publ. 10/31/2019 Bull. No. 31), which is made in the form of a polyhedron, contains magnets fixed on the face of the polyhedron with the possibility of joining it with another similar part, each face of the polygon contains, at least two magnets of different magnetization, while the center of the magnet of positive magnetization and the center of the magnet of negative magnetization are located on a line parallel to the face of the polyhedron and equidistant relative to the perpendicular to its edge, built through the center of the face. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the fastening of parts through the edges, which is why the creation of three-dimensional structures is possible only when using at least three elements, and when placing magnets, polarity is required.

The claimed invention solves the problem of attaching two geometric bodies in the form of a polyhedron using magnets placed on the edges of the polyhedron in a certain way.

This problem is solved by the fact that the detail of the designer is made in the form of a polyhedron, containing magnets and/or ferromagnets fixed on the face of the polyhedron with the possibility of its connection with another surface of another polyhedron similar in terms of placement of magnets and/or ferromagnets, characterized in that the magnets and/or ferromagnets are placed in the cavities of the polyhedron covers formed on the edges of the polyhedron, where they can freely move and rotate, providing the possibility of docking one polyhedron with another polyhedron, while the placement of magnets and / or ferromagnets is carried out according to the following algorithm: a rounded quotient is obtained from dividing the length of the edge by the length typical size of the rib length, dividing the length of the rib into a number of parts equal to the rounded quotient, finding the center of each segment obtained and retreating to the left and right by a distance greater than the double size of the magnet, but less than half the typical size of the rib length, the case is performed n from a material that transmits a magnetic field. The magnets and/or ferromagnets are of any shape, including a sphere, a cylinder, a square, a box with a square section, and any other. Magnets can be ferrite or neodymium.

The technical result provided by the above set of features is the possibility of connecting the surfaces of one polyhedron with another surface of another polyhedron similar in terms of magnet placement at any relative position due to the same distance between the magnets and/or ferromagnets on the edges of each polyhedron. Also, the claimed invention achieves reliable fastening of the two faces of the polyhedrons due to the claimed principle of placement of magnets and/or ferromagnets.

The technical solution relates to toys, in particular to large-sized construction sets, and can be used in any field of activity where the connection of various elements in the form of a polyhedron is required.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 - General view of the part in section;

in fig. 2-3 is an enlarged view of the cavity with the magnet;

figure 4-5 - view of the part in section with the parameters for calculating the location of the magnets;

figure 6 - the principle of placement of the magnet and ferromagnet;

figure 7 - docking of parts through one edge of the face;

figure 8 - docking of parts through two edges of the face.

The claimed invention discloses the fastening of two polyhedrons by means of magnets and/or ferromagnets placed on the edges of the polyhedron.

Edge 1 of the polyhedron is a segment, i.e. part of a straight line bounded by two points. Magnets and/or ferromagnets 2 in an amount from 1 to N (where N is a natural number) are placed in a predetermined order (in a certain sequence) along the entire length of the segment.

The outer border of the polyhedron is a cover 3 made of an elastic, durable and safe material that allows the magnetic field to pass through, such as mixed fabrics (PVC, PU), cotton, polyester and similar materials. The cover can be multi-layered, for example, the outer layer is made of artificial leather, the hallcon layer, the spunbond layer, the hallcon layer smoothes the outer layer.

The inner filler 4 is an elastic and durable material, for example, EPPU, polyester fiber, foamed polyethylene, foamed rubber, secondary foam rubber, evaplast, foam and similar materials. As a filler, it is allowed to use light stuffed materials made of polyester fiber, such as synthetic winterizer, sintechar, hallcon, holofiber, asselex. As a filler, it is also allowed to combine several types of materials, for example, EPPU + hallcon, in this case, the parts get a more elegant appearance, full-fledged sofa cushions are obtained, the hallcon layer gives the outer cover puffiness and smoothes the outer cover, and the EPPU layer holds its shape.

Magnets and/or ferromagnets 2 are placed in the technological cavities 5 of the covers, where they can freely move and rotate inside the cavity 5 and provide the possibility of docking one soft block with another similar block due to self-positioning of the magnet and/or ferromagnet when another magnet and/or ferromagnet approaches. If a pair of a magnet and a ferromagnet is used (a material with a magnetic susceptibility of more than 1), then when the magnet approaches the ferromagnet, a magnetic field is induced in the ferromagnet and the magnet is attracted to the ferromagnet.

Magnets and/or ferromagnets can have an arbitrary shape, for example, the shape of a ball, a cylinder with a diametrical magnetization, as well as in the form of a square and a parallelepiped with a square section. Magnets can be either ferrite or neodymium. In practice, neodymium magnets demonstrate the best performance.

Two polyhedra form a connection by means of a magnetic coupling if the edge length of the first polyhedron is equal to the edge length of the second polyhedron and one of the following conditions for placing magnets on the edges is met:

1. Magnets and/or ferromagnets on the ribs are mirrored relative to each other.

2. The magnet and/or ferromagnet is placed in the center of the fin.

3. Magnets and/or ferromagnets are placed symmetrically with respect to the center of the edge of the first polyhedron, and magnets and/or ferromagnets are similarly placed on the edge of the second polyhedron.

Combinations of the above conditions are possible:

- Magnetic pairs can be placed at the vertices of the segment.

- Magnets and/or ferromagnets on the ribs are mirrored relative to each other and symmetrical about the center of the segment.

- The magnet and/or ferromagnet is located in the center of the rib and an arbitrary number of magnetic pairs relative to the center of the rib.

- Magnets and/or ferromagnets become a kind of "door hinges", and the edge of the first polyhedron and the edge of the second polyhedron combined with it form the axis of rotation of the first polyhedron relative to the second polyhedron and vice versa.

Magnets and/or ferromagnets do not have to be placed on every edge of the polyhedron. For each edge of the polyhedron, various combinations of layouts of magnets and/or ferromagnets are allowed. However, the edges of two polyhedra will interlock with each other only if the layout of the magnets and/or ferromagnets is the same.

If we describe a parallelepiped around the magnet and/or ferromagnet 2, we get three dimensions of the parallelepiped described around the magnet and/or ferromagnet ml - the largest linear dimension (the length of the circumscribed parallelepiped), ms - the second largest linear dimension (the width of the circumscribed parallelepiped). The minimum size of the cavity 5 in length must be greater than 1.5×ml, where ml is the largest linear size of the magnet and/or ferromagnet. The minimum size of the cavity 5 in depth and width must be greater than 1.5×ms, where ms is the second largest linear size of the magnet and/or ferromagnet (figure 3).

The cavity 5 of the cover 3 can be turned both outside the cover, inside the cover, and be on the border of the cover. The advantages of turning the cavity outward - children see the joints of parts and quickly master the possibilities of the designer. The advantages of the cavity facing deep into the cover are the elegant appearance of the designer's details.

The cavity 5 of the cover 3 is made of elastic durable and safe woven or non-woven material, such as mixed fabrics (PVC, PU), artificial or natural leather, flock, matting, cotton, polyester, spunbond. The main requirement for the material of the cavity: the ability to transmit magnetic force, the best performance for PU fabric, cotton, spunbond. If the cavity of the cover is turned inward, then it is recommended to use a material capable of transmitting magnetic force as the main cover.

Docking of two parts is ensured due to a single arrangement of magnets and/or ferromagnets on the edges of the face of the polyhedron and self-positioning of magnets and/or ferromagnets inside the cavity when the edges of the faces of the two polyhedra come into contact.

An edge of a polyhedron is a segment, i.e. part of a straight line bounded by two points, h is the thickness of the polyhedron, w is the basic size taken from practical considerations (w = 40 cm, the details of the designer are interesting for children under 5 years old, older children are interested in details with a standard size of 50 cm and 60 cm, s - distance from the center of the edge of the polyhedron to the magnet and/or ferromagnet (s < w/2) (Fig. 4) The length L of the edge of the polyhedron is equal to k×w, where k≥1 (partial values of k=1 for the prism whose base is a square with face lengths w or for a prism whose base is an equilateral triangle, k=√2 for a prism whose base is an isosceles right triangle, where the lengths of the legs are equal to w, and the hypotenuse is equal to √2w, k=2 for a prism whose base is a rectangle , where the length of the rectangle is 2w, and the width is w, k=√5 for a prism whose base is a right triangle, in which the length of one leg is w, and the length of the other leg is 2w, and the length of the hypotenuse is √5w).

With values w≤10 cm, the designer develops fine motor skills in children. At values w>10 cm, in particular more than 40 cm, the details of the designer are large blocks and the designer develops general motor skills in children, children can build structures to their full height, create houses, huts, shelters.

For values of w>10 cm, it is desirable to use a filler made of an elastic foamed polymer material, which quickly restores its shape in case of deformation.

For practical reasons, the dimensions h, s, w, L in the metric system of measurement are rounded off to 0.5 cm, in the English and American systems of measurement to 0.25 inches.

A necessary and sufficient condition for connecting two parts is a single layout of magnets and / or ferromagnets on the edges of the parts according to the algorithm:

1. Divide L by w, rounding up to the nearest smaller integer q (q is the incomplete quotient of dividing L by w with a remainder).

2. Divide L into q equal parts, each of length l (l = L/q).

3. Find the center lc on the segment l.

4. Depart from the center lc to the left and to the right distance s (where m × 2 < s < w/2, m is the size of the largest part of the magnet and / or ferromagnet), mark the points of location of the magnet and / or ferromagnet in these places.

Fig. 5 shows an example of the placement of magnets, where the detail of the designer is a right-angled triangle, with the legs w and 2w and the hypotenuse √5w (the hypotenuse is calculated by the Pythagorean theorem √5w = √ ((2w) × (2w) + w × w)).

Let's say w=50 cm, then the leg 2w = 100 cm, and the hypotenuse √5w = 112 cm. Set the value s = 15 cm, m=2 cm. There are 2 magnets on the leg w=50 cm. There are 4 magnets on the leg 2w = 100 cm (to calculate the locations of the magnets, you must use the algorithm given above):

1. Divide 2w (100 cm) by w (50 cm) rounded down to the nearest integer q (in this case, q = 2w/w = 100/50=2 (2w (100) is divided by w (50) without a remainder) .

2. Divide the segment 2w (100 cm) into q=2 equal parts, each with length l=50 cm (l=2w/2=w=50 cm).

3. Find the center lc (25 cm) on the segment l.

4. Step back from the center lc to the left and right at a distance s =15 cm (m × 2 < s < w/2, 4 < 10 < 25), mark the points of placement of magnets in these places.

There are 4 magnets on the hypotenuse √5w = 112 cm, to calculate the locations of the magnets, you must use the algorithm given above:

1. Divide √5w (112 cm) by w (50 cm) rounded down to the nearest integer q (in this case, q = √5w/w = 112/50 = 2 (√5w divided by w with a remainder).

2. Divide the segment √5w (112 cm) into q=2 equal parts, each with length l=56 cm (l = √5w/2=(√5/2)w = 56 cm).

3. On the segment l, find the center lc (56/2 = 28 cm).

4. Step back from the center lc to the left and right distance s = 15 cm (4 <15 <50/2, m is the size of the largest part of the magnet), mark the points of placement of the magnets in these places.

If a pair of magnet (M) and a metal-ferromagnet (F) is used, then the placement of the magnet and the metal-ferromagnet must obey the rule: on opposite edges of one face, the magnets must be located in pairs of a magnet - a ferromagnet, each magnet on one edge is opposed to a ferromagnet on the other edge (Fig.6).

The claimed technical solution can be used in constructor parts that have geometric bodies that are mirror reflections of each other and/or have one or more axes of symmetry, for example, a polyhedron (parallelepiped, square, triangular prism), half-cylinder, cylinder.

The number N of magnets and/or ferromagnets and their strength on the faces are selected in a practical way and must be such that when the surfaces of the parts come into contact, the first part holds the second part and vice versa.

Claims (3)

1. Detail of the designer, made in the form of a polyhedron, containing magnets and/or ferromagnets fixed on the face of the polyhedron with the possibility of its connection with another surface of another polyhedron similar in terms of placement of magnets and/or ferromagnets, characterized in that the magnets and/or ferromagnets are placed in cavities of polyhedron covers formed on the edges of the polyhedron, where they can freely move and rotate, providing the possibility of docking one polyhedron with another polyhedron, while the placement of magnets and / or ferromagnets is carried out according to the following algorithm: the quotient, rounded to a smaller integer, is obtained from dividing the length of the edge by the length of the smallest edge of the polyhedron, dividing the length of the edge into a number of parts equal to the rounded quotient, finding the center of each segment obtained and retreating to the left and right by a distance greater than twice the size of the magnet, but less than half the length of the smallest edge of the polyhedron, The cover is made of a material that transmits a magnetic field. 2. Detail of the designer according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnets and / or ferromagnets have any shape, including a ball, cylinder, square, parallelepiped with a square section, and any other. 3. Detail of the designer according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnets can be ferrite or neodymium.

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