RU2773544C1 - Method for producing a polymer article - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shaping.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for producing high-molecular polymer-based compounds with the inclusion of liquid components, as well as to polymer articles produced from said compounds by means of extrusion. The technical result is achieved due to the method for producing a polymer article being characterised by the fact that for implementation thereof, the raw components in accordance with the specified composition are supplied into a plasticiser mixer wherein the raw materials are mixed by reciprocating movements and rotation of a four-bladed screw shaft and plasticised consecutively in three mixing area with a temperature mode in the areas of 40°C in area No. 1, 43°C in area No. 2, 38°C in area No. 3. The plasticised raw materials are compressed at the beginning of each mixing area. At the beginning of the third mixing area, distanced from the beginning of the effective length of the four-bladed screw shaft by L/D=5-6, wherein L is the length of the screw shaft, D is the diameter of the screw shaft under pressure, a liquid additive is supplied. After mixing the raw materials in the plasticiser extruder, they are directed into a dosing extruder, at the outlet whereof the melt is shaped into a finished article using a shaping extrusion head. The resulting shaped article is directed into a calibration bath for final shaping and cooling. Using a pulling roller apparatus installed at the output of the calibration bath, the finished article is directed for further processing.

EFFECT: ensured high content of the liquid component in the polymer raw materials at low melting points.

8 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for producing macromolecular compounds based on polymers with the inclusion of liquid components, as well as polymer products obtained from these compounds by extrusion [B29C 47/04, A01N25/10, B29C 47/36].

The prior art is known EXTRUSION METHOD [WO9614199 (A1), publ. May 17, 1996], characterized by the following stages:

a) extrusion of the material in the molten state past the first cooling means capable of cooling the molten material to a temperature just above the melting point of the material;

b) extruding the cooled molten material past a second coolant capable of freezing the molten material so that the material remains substantially intact after being removed from the extrusion process.

The disadvantage of this method is the high melting point during its implementation, as well as the impossibility of adding a large amount of the liquid component.

Also known from the prior art is a METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS FROM A MIXTURE OF RESIN-FILLER WITH A HIGH FILLER CONTENT [EP0774337 (A1), publ. 05/21/1997], characterized in that at the first stage of the process in the mixer of plastic and filler with good thermal conductivity, a mixture is prepared. , in which the filler is evenly distributed and the plastic is melted, in the second stage of the process the mixture is discharged from the mixer and allowed to harden, in the third stage the solidified mixture is broken and crushed and in the fourth stage of the process the crushed mixture or fractions separated and homogenized from it are extruded into molded articles using an extruder with a feed zone that is efficient for transport (groove extruder).

The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of using only solid fillers.

The closest in its technical essence is the METHOD FOR COMPOSITION OF FILLED SILICONE COMPOSITIONS [EP1110691 (A2), publ. 27.06.2001], including: mixing the filler, process fluid and silicone polymer in the first device for mixing (12) to obtain a dispersed composition containing volatile substances; and removing volatile components of said particulate composition in a long extruder (14) having an L/D ratio of more than 50 to remove volatile components of said particulate composition.

The main technical problem of this method is that its implementation is possible only with silicone polymers, as well as the impossibility of including natural extracts and oils in the composition of the polymer mass.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of analogues.

The technical result of the invention is to provide a high content of the liquid component in the polymer raw material at low melting temperatures.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method of obtaining a polymer product, characterized in that for its implementation, raw materials, in accordance with a given recipe, are fed into a mixer-plasticizer, where reciprocating movements and rotation of a four-blade screw shaft produce mixing and plasticization of the raw materials in series in three mixing zones with a temperature regime in zones that are in zone No. 1 - 40 ° C, in zone No. 2 - 43 ° C, in zone No. 3 - 38 ° C., at the same time, at the beginning of each mixing zone, the plasticized raw material is compressed, and at the beginning of the third mixing zone, at a distance from the beginning of the useful length of the four-bladed screw shaft, L / D = 5-6, where L is the length of the screw shaft, D is the diameter of the screw shaft, a liquid additive is supplied under pressure, then after mixing the raw material in the extruder - plasticator it is sent to a dosing extruder at the exit of which, using a forming extrusion head, the melt is shaped into g of the finished product, the formed finished product is sent to the calibration bath for its final formation and cooling, with the help of a pulling roller device installed at the outlet of the calibration bath, the finished product is sent for further processing.

In particular, the raw materials are fed by a gravimetric feeding system.

In particular, the raw materials for its implementation include:

sevilen from 52 to 91.5 parts by weight; plasticizer from 5 to 32 parts by weight; dyes up to 2 parts by weight; liquid additives from 5 to 43 wt.h.

In particular, solutions of essential and natural unrefined oils are used as liquid additives.

In particular, plant extracts are used as liquid additives.

In particular, that repellents selected, for example, from geranium, lavender, citronella, chamomile, are used as liquid additives.

In particular, repellents such as natural neem oil are used as liquid additives.

In particular, flavors selected from, for example, chamomile, mint are used as liquid additives.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the installation for obtaining a polymer mass with a high content of the liquid component.

In FIG. 2 shows a section A-A of a plant for producing a polymer mass with a high content of a liquid component.

In FIG. 3 shows a four-bladed screw shaft.

In FIG. 4 shows a B-B section of a four-blade screw shaft.

The figures indicate: 1 - mixer-plasticator, 2 - cylinder, 3 - screw shaft, 4 - electric motor, 5 - blades, 6 - pins, 7 - gravimetric system for supplying components, 8 - hoppers for raw materials, 9 - dosing extruder, 10 - dosing extrusion head, 11 - melt supply points, 12 - auxiliary extruder, 13 - calibration bath, 14 - pulling roller device.

Implementation of the invention.

An installation for producing a polymer mass with a high content of a liquid component containing a mixer-plasticator 1 (see Fig. 1, 2) made in the form of a cylinder 2 that opens along its longitudinal axis. A screw shaft 3 is installed inside the cylinder 2 along its entire length (see Fig. 3, 4) with three mixing zones No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 driven by an electric motor 4. At the same time, the dimensions of the screw shaft are determined by the ratio of its length L to its diameter D as L / D = 18/1. The screw shaft 3 is made with the possibility of reciprocating movements inside the cylinder 2.

The screw shaft 3 in the mixing zones No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 is made in the form of a four-blade screw, consisting of curved blades 5 with gaps between them.

On the inner walls of the cylinder 2, in accordance with the mixing zones, fixed pins 6 are installed, located in the gaps between the blades 5 of the screw shaft 3. At the same time, at the beginning of the mixing zone No. 3, one of the pins 6 is made with the possibility of injecting a liquid component through it.

The inner walls of the cylinder 2 are made with the possibility of heating in accordance with the mixing zones No. 1, No. 2, No. 3.

Above the mixer-plasticizer 1, a gravimetric system for supplying components 7 with bins for raw materials 8 is mounted.

The mixer-plasticizer 1 is hydraulically connected to the dosing extruder 9 on the end side of which is mounted a dosing extrusion head 10 with two melt supply points 11. One of the melt supply points 11 is connected directly to the output of the dosing extruder 9, and the other to the output of the auxiliary extruder 12 for forming, if necessary, an additional layer on the finished product.

At the outlet of the dosing extrusion head, a calibration bath 13 is installed to form and cool the finished product. At the outlet of the calibration bath 13, a pulling roller device 14 is installed for pulling the finished product through the units of the device.

A method for producing a polymer with a high content of a liquid component, characterized in that for its implementation the raw materials (polymer granules, chemical additives, coloring pigments, liquid additives) in the composition:

sevilen from 52 to 91.5 parts by weight, plasticizer from 5 to 32 parts by weight, dyes up to 2 parts by weight, liquid additives from 5 to 43 wt.h.

is served by a gravimetric system for supplying components 8, in accordance with a given recipe, to a mixer-plasticator 1. In this case, solutions of essential and/or natural unrefined oils and/or plant extracts are used as liquid additives. In the mixer-plasticizer 1, due to the reciprocating motion and rotation of the four-blade screw shaft 3, mixing and plasticizing of the raw material are carried out sequentially in mixing zones No. 1, 2, 3. During mixing and plasticizing of the raw material at the beginning of the mixing zone No. at a distance from the beginning of the useful length of the screw shaft 3 by L/D = 5-6, where L is the length of the screw shaft, D is the diameter of the screw shaft, the liquid component is supplied under pressure. In addition, before the mixing zone No. 3, the mixed mass is compressed to create additional pressure and improve the quality of the mixing of the components. In this case, the screw shaft 3 with its blades 5, during the rotational and reciprocating movements, additionally interacts with the fixed pins 6 installed on the walls of the expanding cylinder 2. Thus, versatile mixing is provided, due to which the molecules of the liquid component are built into the intermolecular space of the polymer. Thus, a homogeneous viscous mass (melt) is created with a high content of the liquid component that does not precipitate in the form of condensate.

Mixing and plasticization are carried out in three sequentially located zones with different temperature characteristics to compensate for the additional frictional heating that occurs during the friction of the components. The temperature regime of the zones is: zone No. 1 - 40°С; zone No. 2 - 43°С; zone №3 - 38°С. The temperature of the melt in this case does not exceed 900C, thereby eliminating the overheating of liquid additives.

After that, the resulting mass is fed under pressure into the dosing extruder 9, then the melt is fed into the forming extrusion head (die) 10, in which the finished product is shaped. The formed finished product is sent to the calibration bath 13 for the final formation of the finished product and its cooling. Then, with the help of a pulling roller device 14, the finished product is sent for further processing (cutting, packaging).

If it is necessary to form a two-component polymer product, the formed polymer mass is supplied to the dosing extrusion head 10 through an additional melt supply point 11 from the auxiliary extruder 12, while inside the dosing extrusion head 10, due to the shape of its channels, the pressure of both flows is balanced for uniform superposition of melt layers. The melt in the auxiliary extruder 12 is formed similarly to the formation of the melt in the mixer-plasticizer 1.

In the claimed embodiment, the product made on the basis of the above described method is a single or multilayer tape containing a polymer base mixed with liquid components. At the same time, in one of the options, the polymer product is characterized by the fact that in the manufacture of the melt for its production, components are used in the following percentages:

sevilen 88% a piece of chalk 3% dye 2% geraniol 5.82% ef. citronella oil 0.59 ef. lavender oil 0.59%.

In another version of the polymer product, the melt for its manufacture contains:

sevilen 52% polyolefin plastomers fourteen% high pressure polyethylene 16% dye 2% ef. citronella oil eight% ef. lavender oil 4.5% ef. mint oil 0.5% ef. geranium oil 2% natural neem oil one%.

Also, the polymer product can be made two-layer, while the composition of the melt for the production of the upper layer is characterized by the fact that it contains:

sevilen 88% a piece of chalk 3% dye 2% geraniol 5.82% ef. citronella oil 0.59 ef. lavender oil 0.59%

The composition of the melt for the production of the lower layer of a polymer product includes:

sevilen 91.5% a piece of chalk 3% dye 2% natural neem oil 2.5% chamomile extract 0.5% aloe vera extract 0.5%.

Also, in one embodiment, the composition of the melt for the upper layer includes:

sevilen 52% polyolefin plastomers fourteen% high pressure polyethylene 16% dye 2% ef. citronella oil eight ef. lavender oil 4.5% ef. mint oil 0.5% ef. geranium oil 2% natural neem oil one%.

Claims (9)

1. A method for producing a polymer product, characterized in that for its implementation, the raw materials in accordance with a given recipe are fed into a mixer-plasticator, where reciprocating movements and rotation of a four-blade screw shaft produce mixing and plasticizing of the raw materials sequentially in three mixing zones with a temperature regime in zones constituting 40°С in zone No. 1, 43°С in zone No. 2, 38°С in zone No. 3, while at the beginning of each mixing zone, the plasticized raw material is compressed, and at the beginning of the third mixing zone at a distance from the beginning useful length of the four-blade screw shaft by L/D=5-6, where L is the length of the screw shaft, D is the diameter of the screw shaft, the liquid additive is supplied under pressure, then after mixing the raw material in the extruder-plasticator it is sent to the dosing extruder, at the exit from which, with the help of a forming extrusion head, the melt is shaped into a finished product, the formed finished product is sent to a calibration bath for its final formation and cooling, with the help of a pulling roller device installed at the outlet of the calibration bath, the finished product is sent for further processing. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the raw materials are supplied by a gravimetric supply system. 3. A polymer product, characterized in that the composition of the raw materials for its implementation includes, parts by weight: sevilen from 52 to 91.5 plasticizer from 5 to 32 dyes up to 2 liquid additives from 5 to 43 4. A polymer product according to claim 3, characterized in that solutions of essential and natural unrefined oils are used as liquid additives. 5. A polymer product according to claim 3, characterized in that plant extracts are used as liquid additives. 6. A polymer product according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that repellents selected, for example, from geranium, lavender, citronella, chamomile, are used as liquid additives. 7. A polymer product according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that repellents, such as natural neem oil, are used as liquid additives. 8. A polymer product according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that flavors selected, for example, from chamomile, mint, are used as liquid additives.

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