RU2773249C2 - Highly concentrated herbicide composition based on glyphosate, ready-to-use composition obtained on the basis of this composition, and method for combat various types of weeds in growing crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to means of combating unwanted vegetation. The highly concentrated herbicidal composition contains glyphosate in the form of a mixture of potassium and monoisopropylamine salts of glyphosate at a concentration of 400 to 600 g/l (in terms of glyphosate acid) in perfect equilibrium with the surfactant system formed by N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide, ethylene glycol and the complexing agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetate. The highly concentrated herbicidal composition is suitable for use in a method for controlling weeds in crops such as glyphosate-tolerant soybeans, corn and cotton, and sugar cane.

EFFECT: highly concentrated herbicidal composition has high efficiency, improved foliage penetration, low toxicity, low drift.

17 cl, 3 dwg, 15 tbl

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

[0001] The present invention relates to a highly concentrated glyphosate herbicidal composition using a surfactant system in combination with various salts of glyphosate at high concentrations. In particular, the present invention relates to highly concentrated glyphosate-based compositions exhibiting easier herbicidal foliar penetration, increased absorption and transport of glyphosate to weeds (weeds) being controlled.

[0002] The main chain of the invention is to provide a composition that helps to increase the concentration of glyphosate herbicide applied to plants, so that in addition to its herbicidal effect there is a higher degree of weed control in order to reduce possible losses of glyphosate due to washing off by rains after its application, thereby reducing the environmental burden and also reducing the costs associated with transport, storage and especially the disposal of packaging compared to other glyphosate formulations available on the market.

[0003] Combinations of surfactant systems containing an amine oxide, an aliphatic alcohol, and a complexing agent have been used to prepare herbicidal formulations containing high concentrations of glyphosate salts in order to increase the concentration of herbicidal glyphosate, that is, to increase the effectiveness and dynamics of the impact on various plant weeds, for example, like the brachiaria. However, the present invention, despite the increased concentration of glyphosate in the plant, does not adversely affect the efficiency, selectivity of soybean, corn and cotton crops, in addition to greater safety for farmers, consumers and the environment.

[0004] In the proposed composition, the components are present in balanced proportions, which makes it more effective in controlling weeds under various conditions of agricultural production, as well as increased selectivity for transgenic soybeans, corn and cotton, which contributes to the preservation and increase of the potential fertility of these cultures.

[0005] In addition, in addition to the low cost of production, the proposed composition is less toxic to humans and the environment.

[0006] In addition, the present invention relates to a herbicidal composition, which is created ready to be loaded into a container, where it is prepared into a slurry suitable for field spraying.

[0007] In particular, the present invention is characterized in that it can provide herbicidal compositions in various states of aggregation, for example, in the form of solid particles: powder or granules, in particular - in the form of dispersible granules.

[0008] More preferably, a solution in which the proposed composition is prepared in the form of a concentrated solution containing glyphosate at a high concentration, the components of which (solution) are properly balanced, and in which a surfactant system is used. It is a concentrated aqueous solution, so it can be expected that, in terms of weed control, there will be variability in glyphosphate dynamics in plants such as brachiaria.

[0009] However, despite the increased concentration of glyphosate in plants, which depends on various specific applications, which, in turn, vary depending on the type of processing and crops for which the compositions are used, the proposed composition does not harm the efficiency, selectivity, for soybeans, corn and cotton, among others, and provides greater safety for farmers, consumers and the environment. Said formulations are intended to facilitate the penetration of herbicides and their uptake by leaves and the transport of glyphosate in the weed to be controlled.

[0010] In another aspect of its implementation, the present invention is directed to a method of suppressing various weeds and/or undesirable growth of various crops, including plants resistant to glyphosate, which consists in promoting the proper use of various compositions of the proposed composition in the cultivated plantation.

Prerequisites for the creation of the invention

[0011] Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world. It plays an essential role in no-till or minimum-tillage crop production. Even in light of the emergence of resistance to glyphosate in some weed species, it has shown to be indispensable as a desiccant in pre-planting annual and perennial crops, in targeted use for perennial crops, in area-wide application on genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops (e.g., soybeans, corn and cotton).

[0012] Glyphosate is a very weak acid and can have three ionizations. It is highly absorbed by the soil and quickly decomposes in it. Its effect is manifested only when it is applied to the leaves of plants. It is a non-selective herbicide and can control weeds of different classes. It is slightly toxic to animals, but is rapidly eliminated from the animal's body. One of its characteristics is the ability to be transported by the phloem, the plant's conducting system, which carries photoassimilation products from areas of the plant where they are produced to areas of their consumption. Its action is due to the fact that it inhibits the enzyme 5-enoylpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs), which is involved in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids.

[0013] In this regard, it is of great interest to obtain compositions that provide higher levels of application, penetration and absorption of glyphosate and its salts, processing with less loss due to rain washing, lower environmental pollution and more effective weed control.

[0014] In this area, studies have been conducted with different salts of glyphosate (monoisopropylamine (MIPA) , as well as with combinations of two or more salts in their different concentrations and ratios.

[0015] The present inventors have established how to properly select glyphosate salts to use with each other and with an effective and compatible surfactant system, and how to more accurately select their ratios so that it most appropriately addresses the problem of glyphosate herbicide resistance. even in genetically modified crops, has solved the perennial problem of such crops being harmed by the use of glyphosate.

[0016] The proposed combination in the control of various types of weeds of most crops provides better results than combinations known in this field, in particular, combinations in which only one type of glyphosate salt is used.

[0017] For example, WO 02069718 discloses an aqueous concentrated herbicide composition comprising glyphosate, a surfactant, and oxalic acid or a salt or ester thereof, wherein a) the glyphosate or salt or ester thereof is in solution at a concentration that is biologically effective, when the composition is diluted in the proper volume of water and applied to the leaves of the plant to be treated, b) the surfactant system is in solution, suspension, emulsion or dispersed in a medium and contains one or more surfactants (ethoxylated fatty amine, phosphoric acid ester, diphosphoric acid ester , etheramines and quaternary ammonium salts) and c) oxalic acid or a salt or ester thereof is present. However, this publication does not disclose or aim to provide a composition containing mixtures of glyphosate salts at high concentrations and in an ideal balance of glyphosate salts with respect to each other and to the surfactant system, which would contribute to better penetration and absorption into weed leaves, and then better transfer of glyphosate into them, resulting in an increase in the speed and efficiency of suppression of these weeds.

[0018] Many formulations based on glyphosate salts have been described. In particular, a mixture of an isopropylamine salt and a potassium salt is disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,871,707, which refers to a glyphosate composition containing potassium cations and isopropylammonium cations or monoethanolammonium cations, or both. Preferably, the molar ratio of isopropylammonium to potassium cations is less than 30:1 but greater than 1:10, more preferably less than 15:1 but greater than 1:2.

[0019] According to this source, the glyphosate composition, in addition to potassium and isopropylamine salts or monoethanolamine salts, or both, may also contain at least one surfactant selected from the following group: a) etheramine, b) ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols or acids, c) random copolymers of silicone or ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and d) random block copolymers or copolymers of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide based on aliphatic alcohols, as well as a weed control method using this composition.

[0020] According to this source, such a solution is preferred when this composition is prepared in the form of solid particles. This source also does not disclose a ready to use concentrated solution and is characterized in particular by the use of at least three salts of glyphosate, without suggesting or giving reason for the use of surfactant systems in addition to this.

[0021] US 2009215626 describes an aqueous solution composition that contains a glyphosate salt (isopropylamine salt, sodium salt and monoalkylamine salt) at a concentration greater than 480 g/l a.i. (not deciphered, presumably the active ingredient - transl.), b) fatty amine alkoxylate and c) EDA alkoxylate (ethylenediamidalkoxy) and propylene oxide. More specifically, the compositions contain a) a salt of glyphosphate at a concentration of more than 580 g/l a.i. (see note above), b) fatty amine alkoxylate; and c) EDA alkoxylate, with the cloud point of the composition above 90°C. This publication also does not disclose the use of either the potassium salt of glyphosate or the surfactant system, as is the case in the present invention.

[0022] WO 2006023431 describes a herbicidal composition characterized in that it contains, in aqueous solution, a mixture of glyphosate salts in a total concentration in terms of glyphosate acid of at least 360 g/l, wherein a) glyphosate is in an anionic form, accompanied by low molecular weight non-amphiphilic cations, in a total molar amount of 100% to 120% of the molar amount of glyphosate, b) the cations contain potassium and propylammonium cations in a molar ratio of 70:30 to 90:10, and c) potassium and propylammonium cations together they represent from 90 mol% to 100 mol% of the total molecular weight of the non-amphiphilic cations in the composition.

[0023] WO 2011057361 discloses a liquid formulation containing at a concentration of at least 500 g/l glyphosate, a surfactant that enhances the effect of glyphosate and is compatible with the potassium salt of glyphosate, at a concentration below 100 g/l, non-amphiphilic cations, most of which are cations potassium, a low molecular weight non-glyphosate acid, and water.

[0024] Certain surfactant systems are used in formulations based on glyphosate or salts thereof, as described, for example, in WO 02096199, which discloses that the addition of diamines or other polyamines improves the compatibility of etheroamine surfactants with pesticide formulations containing glyphosate or salts thereof or esters.

[0025] This publication is directed to a cationic surfactant composition for use in an aqueous pesticide formulation containing a first cationic surfactant and a second cationic surfactant, a diamine or triamine. The cationic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of dialkoxylated amines or quaternary ammonium salts, ethoxylated alkyl quaternary amines, alkoxylated amino alcohols or their quaternary salts, ethers or quaternary ammonium salts, alkoxylated poly(hydroxyalkyl)amines.

[0026] The diamine surfactant mentioned in this publication is selected from the group consisting of diamines independently substituted with alkoxy, linear or branched alkyl, ethers substituted with a hydrocarbon radical or hydrocarbon radical substituents, or a substituted hydrocarbylene or hydrocarbylene.

[0027] WO 0117358 discloses a method for enhancing the herbicidal activity of a glyphosate herbicide, comprising the step of adding to the herbicide a mixture of a first surfactant and a second surfactant in a total weight ratio of surfactant to glyphosate from about 1:30 to about 2:1, wherein the first surfactant has the following formula:

R-CO-NR1-(CR'2)n COOM.

[0028] The second surfactant is selected from alkyl tertiary amines and alkyl ether amines, polyoxyethylene alkyl tertiary amines and alkyl ether amines, quaternary ammonium, pyridine and imidazoline surfactants, alkyl oxides and polyoxyethylene alkyl diamines.

[0029] Said compositions may be applied to plants in an amount providing herbicidal efficacy and may effectively control one or more plant species of the following genera without limitation: Abutilon, Amaranthus, Artemisia, Asclepias, Avena, Axonopus, Borreria, Brachiaria, Brassica, Bromus , Chenopodium, Cirsium, Commelina, Convol20 vulus, Cynodon, Cyperus, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Eleusine, Elymus, Equisetum, Erodium, Helianthus, Imperata, Ipomoea, Kochia, Lolium, Malva, Oryza, Ottochloa, Panicum, Paspalum, Phalaris, Phragmites, Polygonum, Portulaca, Pteridium, Pueraria, Rubus, Salsola, Setaria, Sida, Sinapis, Sorghum, Triticum, Typha, Ulex, Xanthium and Zea.

[0030] WO 0189302 discloses a shelf-stable herbicidal concentrate diluted with water to obtain a herbicidal mixture applied to the leaves of a plant containing glyphosate or a salt or ester thereof at a concentration of at least 500 g/l in terms of glyphosate acid and surfactant . According to this publication, said surfactant may contain at least one substance selected from the following group: a) monoalkoxylated amines, b) dialkoxylated amines, c) secondary or tertiary amines, d) dialkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts, e) quaternary ammonium salt monoalkoxylates, f ) quaternary ammonium salts, g) diamines, h) alkoxylated alcohols, i) alkoxylated dialkylphenols and alkoxylated phosphates, as well as mixtures of these substances.

[0031] WO 0030451 discloses a glyphosate herbicide storage and delivery system that comprises a vessel with a capacity of from about 0.1 liter to about 100,000 liters or more filled with an aqueous solution of glyphosate, primarily in the form of one or more mixtures of its potassium and monoethanolammonium salts. , and the content in the solution of glyphosate in terms of glyphosate acid is not less than about 30 wt. %. Describes concentrated compositions of glyphosate, especially its potassium and monoethanolammonium salts or mixtures thereof in concentrations in terms of glyphosate acid from 30% (or 360 g/l) to the maximum value dictated by the solubility of the present salts of glyphosate. A preferred solution is when the following surfactants are used in the composition: polyoxyethylene(5)cocoamide, N-cocoalkyl-N-methyl-N,N-diethanoammonium chloride and N-cocoalkyl-N,N-diethanolamine oxide.

[0032] Thus, potassium and isopropylamine salt compositions of glyphosate are already known in the prior art, using different surfactant systems compatible with these salts, used throughout the world to control a wide variety of weeds.

[0033] However, until now, no document from the prior art has disclosed a herbicidal composition formed by potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in perfect equilibrium with a surfactant system formed by an amine oxide, an aliphatic diol and a complexing agent, as proposed by the present invention, and effective against one or more weeds from different families and genera, for example the family Poaceae, the genus Brachiaria, and more specifically the species Brachiaria decumbens in addition to other species such as Eleusine indica and Comelinea benghalensis.

[0034] The surfactant system used in the present invention may be accompanied by other additives such as defoamers, promoters, activators, modifiers and/or diluents, solvents, and the like.

[0035] The species B. decumbens has become an aggressive plant over the years, requiring strict control. In areas where brachiaria was introduced as a fodder crop, but with the subsequent conversion of these areas for planting other crops, this plant turns into an aggressive weed that has to be fought.

[0036] According to Bianco et al. (2005), brachiaria infestation in sugarcane plantations is a major problem when the plant begins to take away natural resources such as water, light and nutrients, harbors pests and common diseases, damage crops.

[0037] In addition to the problems of competition with other crops, this species can exhibit an allelopathic effect, as is observed for eucalyptus, cotton, corn, rice, soybeans and wheat.

[0038] The urgency of the problem of Brachiaria decumbens as a weed in relation to annual and perennial crops should be emphasized in almost all tropical regions where agriculture is practiced, especially in Brazil.

[0039] However, in crop production, and in particular when growing crops such as sugarcane, soybeans and rice, herbicide weeding and control are necessary, which is achieved using the compositions obtained from the proposed composition, which, with its effectiveness in reducing crop overgrowth by weeds, directly satisfies the requirement to reduce the time of action on the weed, combined with a decrease in the consumption of the applied product and a decrease in the time of exposure to natural elements.

[0040] The proposed composition may be effective in suppressing one or more plant species of the following genera: Aeschynomene rudis; Alternanthera tenella; Amaranthus hybridus; Amaranthus viridis; Bidens pilosa; Brachiaria decumbens; Brachiaria plantaginea; Brachiaria brizantha; Cenchrus echinatus; Conyza bonariensis; Cynodon dactylon; Cyperus ferax; Cyperus rotundus; Commelina benghalensis; Digitaria horizontalis; Digitaria sanguinalis; Eleusine indica; Emilia sonchifolia; Euphorbia heterophylla; Echinochloa crusgalli; Galinsoga parviflora; Lolium multiflorum; Nicandra physaloides; Panicum maximum; Raphanus raphanistrum; Richardia brasiliensis; Sida rhombifolia; Solanum americanum; Tridax procumbens; Amaranthus hybridus; Ipomoea nil; Portulaca olerace; Chamaesyce hirta.

[0041] Thus, effectively balancing a surfactant system compatible with potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate at high concentrations in order to achieve higher efficiency in suppressing various types of weeds has been a problem unsolved in the current state of the art.

Brief description of the invention

[0041] The present invention relates to a herbicidal composition containing a combination of glyphosate salts (isopropylamine and potassium salts) in perfect interaction with a surfactant system containing an amine oxide, an aliphatic alcohol and a complexing agent, as well as adjuvants, potentiators (lyophilizing, wetting, gluing, impregnating, protective), as well as general purpose additives (acidifiers, defoamers, compatibilizers, emulsifiers, chelating agents, dispersants, buffers), which, due to the perfect balance, unexpectedly exhibits agronomic efficiency higher than known herbicide compositions in the industry.

[0043] Thus, the subject of the present invention is a herbicidal composition with an ideal balance between the different salts of glyphosate used in it (monoisopropylamine (MIPA) and potassium salts) and an innovative surfactant system, along with ranges of ratios and concentrations of each component of the composition.

[0044] The aim of the study was to achieve a more effective suppression of various types of weeds, as well as the re-growth of sugar cane, compared with known compositions.

[0045] It seems to be preferable that the proposed combination has a lower environmental burden and has a good cost-benefit ratio, since the constant implementation of more efficient agrotechnical operations could reduce the frequency of herbicide application.

[0046] The present herbicidal composition provides specific limits for the content of each ingredient of the composition, which provides a much higher efficiency, allowing a reduction in the amount of glyphosate acid used by the farmer, thereby reducing the number of applications and reducing the likelihood of error.

[0047] Unexpectedly, according to the purpose of the present invention, it was possible to achieve maximum speed and reliability in the destruction of weeds of various crops (especially soybeans), as well as in the suppression of the re-growth of sugar cane by herbicide weeding in areas with natural re-growth of sugar cane, which makes it possible to make new landings faster and more safely.

[0048] Against the background of the performance of traditional glyphosate-based formulations on the market, such results obtained as a result of the research and development carried out by the authors of the present invention are unexpectedly outstanding, as shown by tests, and describe the examples given here, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the present invention. .

[0049] To increase the concentration of glyphosate herbicide to improve the agronomic efficiency of the composition, various compositions containing combinations of glyphosate salts, in particular its monoisopropylamine and potassium salts, were investigated to determine the ratio between them.

[0050] Namely, different ratios of these salts were tested to develop such compositions until the most adequate and effective ratio was established, at which the benefits of monoisopropylamine and potassium salts were manifested, maximum penetration depth, absorption and transport of glyphosate were provided.

[0051] This ideal ratio of glyphosate salts is composed of the required amount of potassium salt of glyphosate for rapid penetration into the plant and the required amount of monoisopropylamine salt of glyphosate to hold the liquid droplet on the leaf surface for a longer time, thereby facilitating the penetration of the herbicide.

[0052] To establish optimal ratios of different glyphosate salts, several aspects of agronomic performance were evaluated, including absorption rate, resistance to rain washout of applied herbicide on the leaf, suppression of various weeds and post-emergence selectivity for soybean cultivation, as well as the highest possible concentrations of different glyphosate salts, resulting in improved logistics, increased herbicidal efficacy, reduced environmental footprint and safety.

[0053] The proposed composition contains a mixture of potassium and monoisopropylamine salts of glyphosate. Preferably, the solution is such that the proportion of these glyphosate salts in terms of glyphosate acid relative to the total weight of the composition is in the range from 15% to 40%, more preferably from 20% to 35%.

[0054] It should be noted that the ideal ratio between the monoisopropylamine and potassium salts of glyphosate is highly dependent on the surfactant system and other additives used in the formulation.

[0055] Thus, the goal was to optimize the effectiveness of glyphosate at the same time to find the limits of ideal ratios between these salts and the best system of surfactants and additives, and thereby minimize adverse effects and risks in use.

[0056] The above surfactant system and additives have been investigated to develop a range of additives that reduce the surface tension of the product, that is, change the properties of the liquid at the interfaces and on its outer surface. Additives of this group have this property due to the fact that they have in their composition a polar (hydrophilic) component and a non-polar (hydrophobic) component. This system is itself a single adjuvant providing properties such as amphotericity (low pH makes it act as a cationic surfactant), detergent, excellent wetting, water solubility, water stability at pH 4 to 9, non-toxicity and biodegradability.

[0057] A preferred solution is that the surfactant system consists of a mixture of an amine oxide and an alcohol, preferably such as 1,2-ethanediol or ethylene glycol, which acts as a hydrotrope to stabilize the surfactant system.

[0058] In the composition of the proposed composition, these developed surfactants play an important role as a means of promoting the penetration of glyphosate into the sheet.

[0059] Thus, thanks to the proposed invention, it became possible to develop a composition in which the ideal ratio of glyphosate salts was achieved in combination with ideally selected amounts of specially selected additives, resulting in a final product with a higher content of the active ingredient, better herbicidal activity and providing better growing dynamics.

[0060] A relationship should be established between the ideal ratios in the proposed composition of glyphosate salts (its potassium and monoisopropylamine salts) and the ratios of the surfactant system and additives so that three processes are provided responsible for the penetration of glyphosate salts into the plant, namely, penetration processes, absorption and transfer.

[0061] Briefly, these processes are as follows:

- Penetration. This is the initial movement of the apoplast (a set of components that do not have a metabolic effect). At this stage, additives play a fundamental role because glyphosate is a polar compound and must interact and cross multiple layers of non-polar compounds in the serosa. The use of inappropriate additives can limit the movement of glyphosate in the apoplast, especially in the environment of low polarity compounds in the serosa.

- Suction. This is the passage from apoplast to symplast. It takes place after penetration. It doesn't happen if there is no penetration.

- Transfer along the phloem. It is essential for the herbicide to reach all parts of the plant, including the root system.

[0062] In addition, in order to increase the concentration of the active ingredient, the highest possible concentration was set, which would ensure the effectiveness of the herbicide and its physical and chemical stability. It has thus been found that the said ideal ratio of glyphosate salts, which satisfies the above assumptions, is achieved by such a combination of potassium and monoisopropylamine salts of glyphosate, which corresponds to the following reactions:

[0063] When reaction (2) proceeds with the equilibrium shifted to the acid side, K ⁺ ions are released. The ideal ratio of potassium and monoisopropylamine salts of glyphosate in the proposed herbicidal composition is described in Table 1 below.

[0064]

[0065] In addition, the proposed surfactant system contains compounds based on amine oxide and based on monoethylene glycol, as well as a complexing agent in addition to other additives, such as antifoam.

[0066] The ideal ratio between the mixture of glyphosate salts and the surfactant system, providing an ideal balance between the components of the proposed composition, is a molar ratio of from about 94.56:5.44 to 83.73:16.27, preferably from 93.09:6 .91 to 86.75:13.25.

[0067] When such ratios are observed, the final product can have a very high concentration of the active ingredient: in terms of glyphosate acid not less than 500 g / l, and the cations include potassium cations and propyl cations in a ratio of from about 56:44 to about 58:42 , resulting in increased herbicidal efficacy and better growth dynamics, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0068]

[0069] The composition of the surfactant system in relation to the correlation between additives is shown in Table 3 below.

[0070]

[0071] The concentrated aqueous solutions of glyphosate salts of the invention, in which the different salts of glyphosate are perfectly balanced and interact with the surfactant system, along with other additives in the appropriate ratios of the invention, provide superior herbicidal action compared to such traditional glyphosate-based formulations. like the Original Roundup® and Roundup WG®, manufactured and marketed by Monsanto Co. (Monsanto Co.).

Brief Description of Attached Graphics

[0072] the Invention is adequately illustrated by the accompanying drawings, which show the results of the tests, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed composition.

In FIG. 1 shows graphs of temperature (°С) and relative humidity (%) changes in the air in the growing house over time during the period of the experiments.

In FIG. 2 shows scores for Factor-1 (Commelina benghalensis / control scores) in a treatment related to the type of crop for which the evaluation was made.

In FIG. 3 shows scores for Factor-2 (Eleusine indica / control scores) for the treatment related to the type of crop for which the evaluation was made.

Detailed description of the invention

[0073] The proposed herbicidal composition contains a surfactant system in an ideal balance of the concentrations of its components relative to the potassium and monoisopropylamine salts of glyphosate.

[0074] Namely, the proposed herbicidal composition contains a) a surfactant system formed by compounds based on monoethylene glycol and amine and a complexing agent together with other additives, such as b) an antifoaming agent, c) a solvent, and in perfect equilibrium with the potassium and monoisopropylamine salts of glyphosate in a proportion of 0.2 to 1.0 relative to the content of pure glyphosate acid (100%) in the composition.

[0075] Namely, the surfactant system used in the proposed composition is characterized in that it contains one or more compounds satisfying the structural formula (I), that is, belonging to the class of amine oxides (amphoteric surfactant), preferably such as N.N- dimethyldodecylamine oxide represented by the general structural formula (I).

[0076] A subgroup of surfactants satisfying formula (I) are those surfactants in which R ¹ is a C ₈ -C ₁₈ aliphatic chain, am is zero. Namely, when R ¹ can be considered a hydrophobic group of a surfactant and it is directly connected to an amino functional group, there are alkylamines.

[0077] When in formula (I) R ¹ is a C ₈ -C ₁₈ aliphatic chain, m is zero, R ⁵ is an anion oxide group, at is zero, then there is a well-known surfactant called alkyldimethylamine oxide (where n, x and y are equal zero, and R ⁶ and R ⁷ are methyl groups.

[0078] According to the invention, one of the groups of preferred surfactants included in the surfactant system is represented by alkitdimethylamine oxides (amphoteric surfactants), such as N.N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide, represented by the structural formula (II).

[0079] Amphoteric surfactants have excellent compatibility with other surfactants, forming mixed micelles, being chemically stable in both acidic and alkaline environments.

[0080] Another class of surfactants of particular interest in terms of the aqueous composition of the invention are aliphatic diols such as monoethylene glycol, preferably 1,2-ethanediol, compounds of formula (III).

[0081] Of the complexing agents from the point of view of the proposed composition, compounds based on diethylenetriaminepentaacetates (DTPA) represented by the structural formula (IV) are of interest.

[0082] The complexing agent contributes to the physical stability of the composition and the physical stability of the concentrated solution used.

[0083] Of the defoamers for the proposed herbicidal composition, silicon compounds are suitable, preferably silicones and/or siloxanes, for example, such as "silcolapse® C585" manufactured by Elkem Co. (Elkem Co.).

[0084] Turning now to a more detailed description, it should be said that the present invention provides for the creation of a surfactant system formed by alkyldimethylamine oxidase [sic!], monoethylene glycol and a complexing agent, together with an antifoam forming stable and balanced solutions in combination with potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in high concentration.

[0085] As examples, compositions were obtained containing potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in an amount of 15 wt. % up to 40 wt. % mixed with a surfactant system that acts as a single surfactant containing 2% to 5% N.N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide, 0.1% to 2% monoethylene glycol and 0.01% to 1% diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, as well as 0 .01% to 1% siloxanes.

[0086] The proposed composition has the following unexpected properties: a) has a chemically balanced and stable composition with the proper content of components, even allowing for variations in the content of glyphosate salts, b) provides improved transfer of the glyphosate herbicide through the serosa, and c) has a higher efficiency than with commercial products such as "Glyphosate WG®" and "Original Roundup®". When applied to treated plants, the compositions of the proposed composition showed penetration into the leaves of weeds and absorption more effective than "Glyphosate WG®" and "Original Roundup®" by 21.82% to 48.24%, taking into account the average internal content of shikimic acid in brachiaria plants (Brachiaria decumbens).

[0087] Therefore, the main result obtained is increased reliability in weed control due to increased application rate, absorption and penetration into the leaves of these unwanted plants, reduced loss due to rains after application, higher product concentration in the biological object, increased weed suppression efficiency , a lower failure rate for weed control and regrowth suppression, and a consequent lower need for reapplication.

[0088] In other words, it can be said that the success of the compositions obtained on the basis of the proposed composition is directly related to the reduction in the time of action of the composition applied to the weed, which provides the benefits of reducing the consumption of the product due to the reduction of the time it is exposed to weather factors and the reduction of new waves of weeds that are being controlled in a given field.

[0089] Therefore, perseverance in performing weed control actions produces superior results due to the success of herbicide application, provides a reduction in the cost of this destruction on the treated hectare by 35% to 40% compared to areas where there is a greater risk or where there is a need for repeated herbicide applications, and/or costs for the same product or for the use of other herbicide formulations.

[0090] Thus, it should be understood that the present invention discloses a herbicidal composition that can be dissolved in a container to obtain a field-sprayable aqueous solution containing various glyphosate salts and a surfactant system, as well as other additives and much more effective in compared to other glyphosate-based formulations on the market.

[0091] In another aspect of its implementation, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a herbicidal composition based on glyphosate, containing the following stages: 90% of the solvent is loaded into the mixing reactor, then the potassium hydroxide solution is added and the active ingredient is slowly added, making sure that the temperature does not exceeded 40°C, then slowly add isopropylamine, making sure that the temperature does not exceed 40°C, and stir until the reaction is complete (pH from 4.8 to 5.5), after which the defoamer, surfactant system and the rest of the solvent are added and mixed until complete homogenization , after which a sample is taken for physical and chemical control and, after physical and chemical analysis, the product is packaged.

Examples

[0092] To test the herbicidal effectiveness of the proposed composition, an experiment was conducted in which highly concentrated formulations based on glyphosate according to the proposed invention were used.

[0093] The experiment was carried out for three months. The purpose of the experiment was to study the processes of application, absorption and effectiveness of the compositions created on the basis of the proposed composition, in relation to brachiaria (Brachiaria decumbens cultivar Basilisk).

[0094] In order to achieve a high accuracy of the experiment, the experiment was designed on randomized blocks with repetitions of a total of 10 (ten).

[0095] These ten repetitions were divided into two groups: water deficient trials and water deficient trials, as described below.

[0096] Testing in water-deficient and non-water-deficient conditions is essential in terms of reproducing conditions that may occur in nature. Post-emergence herbicides should show sustained effectiveness under different environmental conditions.

[0097] The results were subjected to analysis of variability. To compare treatments, the T test was used at a 5% confidence interval (p<0.05).

Experimental plants and growing conditions

[0098] The pilot plants were 1.7 liter plastic containers, each containing a standard substrate of 0.5 kg, which was planted with approximately three grams of seed and irrigated daily. Emerging seedlings were thinned out, leaving 20 brachiaria plants in each container.

[0099] After seedling thinning, the experimental setups with brachiaria plants were divided into two groups. One of them was kept on trays with water, providing irrigation by capillary action until the end of the tests, and for the other, regular irrigation was suspended and carried out only from time to time with small amounts of water to keep the plant alive until the end of the tests. In this second group, the plants were kept under severe water deficiency until the end of the experiment. Thus, the first group was tested in non-deficient conditions, and the second - in conditions of water deficit.

[0100] The tests were carried out in a growing house at an average temperature of 20°C and a relative humidity of 70% to 80%, in natural light. Planting time, emergence, thinning, herbicide treatment and evaluation of results are presented in Table 5, and the temperature and relative humidity values for the entire period are shown in FIG. 2.

[0101] To perform treatments T1 - T4, Compositions 1 - 4 were prepared, respectively, for which the components were mixed in the ratios indicated in Table 4 (in wt.%).

[0102]

[0103] Processing was carried out with the following formulations:

- Composition 1 (treatment type T1) was a concentrated aqueous composition containing potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in a ratio of 0.2.1.0 and a surfactant system (dodecyldimethyloamine oxide + 1,2-ethanediol) together with a complexing agent (sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate);

- Composition 2 (treatment type T2) was a concentrated aqueous composition containing potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in a ratio of 0.2:1.0 and a surfactant system (dodecyldimethyloamine oxide, 1,2-ethanediol and carboxymethyl), no complexing agent was added;

- Composition 3 (treatment type T3) was a concentrated aqueous composition containing potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in a ratio of 0.2: 1.0 and a surfactant system consisting of dodecyldimethylamine oxide and 1,2-ethanediol + ethanolamine, with an agent, under the action of water to facilitate the absorption of glyphosate;

- Composition 4 (treatment type T4) was a concentrated aqueous composition containing potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in a ratio of 1.1:2.0 and a surfactant system (dodecyldimethyloamine oxide and 1,2-ethanediol) together with a complexing agent (pentasodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate);

- Composition 5 (treatment type T5) was a concentrated aqueous composition containing potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in a ratio of 1.1:2.0 and a surfactant system (dodecyldimethylamine oxide and 1,2-ethanediol + carboxymethyl);

- Composition 6 (treatment T6) was a concentrated aqueous composition containing potassium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate in a ratio of 1.1:2.0 and a mixture of surfactants together with an agent that facilitates the absorption of glyphosate;

- "Original Roundup" (T7 processing type) - a commercially available product under this name;

- "Roundup Double-Gee" (Roundup WG) (processing type T8) - a commercially available product under this name; and

- Control group (treatment type T14) - no glyphosate herbicide was used.

[104]

[0105] The treatment was carried out with six compositions based on the proposed composition and two commercially available products based on glyphosate, with one control group: a total of nine treatments presented in Table 6, the evaluation was carried out for water-deficient and non-deficient conditions. For treatment, a dose of 270 g/ha was used (in the original, the dose unit is designated as "g e.a. ha ^-1 ", the letters "e.a." are not deciphered - transl.).

[106]

[0107] Table 7 indicates local conditions during herbicide application.

[108]

[0109] All compositions based on the proposed composition were applied to brachiaria plants that produced three to four leaves (beginning of tillering). For herbicide application, a stationary sprayer was used, installed nearby at a distance of 0.5 m, at a height of 0.5 m above the target surface and equipped with four XR110.02VS spray tips.

[0110] The system was operated at a travel speed of 3.6 km/h, the composition was applied at a rate of 200 l/ha at a pressure of 1.5 bar (150,000 Pa) generated by compressed air. During the application of the herbicide, the current monitoring of local atmospheric conditions was carried out, which are indicated in Table 7. After the application of the compositions, the experimental plants were transferred back to the growing house, where they remained until the end of the tests.

[0111] The evaluation was made based on the analysis of the application of the herbicidal composition, its absorption and the action of glyphosate. This effect was assessed by the content of shikimic acid, a glyphosate-inhibited metabolic pathway intermediate, which accumulates in the plant after herbicide application. A visual assessment of intoxication and final dry biomass was also carried out.

[0112] It should be noted that the content of glyphosate in the leaf tissue of Brachiaria decumbens was considered priority information. As discussed above, this information is most useful for classifying formulations in terms of herbicide application, penetration, and uptake by the indicator plant.

[0113] Based on the results obtained, for each evaluated experimental formulation or commercial product, a dose in grams of glyphosate per hectare was determined sufficient to achieve one nanogram of glyphosate in one gram of Brachiaria decumbens leaf biomass. The unit ng/g (nanogram per gram) is equivalent to the units µg/kg or mg/t.

[0114] Evaluations of effectiveness based on visual scales or by determining accumulations of biomass do not always distinguish between different compositions. If the experimental dose is high, then all types of treatment contribute to high levels of weed suppression. If it is low, then no type of treatment may be effective. Therefore, discrimination is possible only when the dose is chosen in the range of high sensitivity of the test plant to the herbicide. In this case, you need to determine what the sensitivity range is.

[0115] Glyphosate absorption analysis was performed 24 hours after application. For this, eight brachiaria plants were collected in the experimental setup, which were weighed and subjected to two successive washings with 100 ml of deionized water. The 200 ml solution resulting from the washings was homogenized and a 15 ml aliquot sample was kept for further quantitative analysis of the content of components present outside the vegetative tissues (external content).

[0116] The washed plant material was then stored in a freezer at -80°C for subsequent determination of internal glyphosate, its metabolites, and herbicide indicators.

[0117] To determine the content of the components, the samples were subjected to research according to the following protocol:

a) the extrinsic content was determined as follows: the approximately 3 ml solution obtained from the washing was filtered through polyvinylidene fluoride membrane filters (Millex® HV) with a pore size of 0.45 μm and conditioned in 1.5 ml chromatography vials, and

b) internal content was determined as follows: the washed preserved plant material was manually macerated in liquid nitrogen and lyophilized for 72 hours. After extracting the compounds (glyphosate and shikimic acid), 10 ml of acidified water (pH 2.5) was added to the dried and ground plant material in an amount of approximately 0.2 g of brachiaria and 0.1 g of milkweed (Euphorbia heterophylla).

[0118] The samples were then sonicated at 50-55°C for 30 minutes and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes to decant plant fragments. The supernatant was filtered through a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane filter (Millex® HV) with a pore size of 0.45 μm and packaged in vials for analysis. The content of the components in the leaves after washing was assimilated in the cells. The results are shown in Table 8. All components are presented in nanograms per gram (ng/g) of dry biomass. The external and internal contents of the components were determined and quantified using specific high performance chromatographic procedures in combination with quadrupole mass spectrometry (high performance liquid chromatograph "LC/MS/MS ABSciex Triple Quad 4500"). The application of the herbicide to the plants corresponds to the total content obtained by adding the external content and the internal content.

[0119] It should be noted that internal content is the most relevant feature for comparing different treatments, as it reflects all possible changes in herbicidal glyphosate application, penetration, and absorption.

[0120] Phytotoxicity tests or visual assessment of phytotoxicity were performed on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after herbicide application, using a control sample that was not coated with glyphosate as a reference, and using a procedure standardized by the Brazilian Scientific Society of Weeds (SBCPD).

[0121] A score of "0" was assigned in the absence of symptoms, and a score of "100" was assigned in the event of plant death. Table 4 shows the results of the phytotoxicity tests.

[0122] The final dry biomass of plant shoots was determined on day 28 after herbicide application. All shoots were cut, harvested and dried in a forced air oven at 55°C until constant weight was reached. Biomass weighing was performed using a balance with an accuracy of 0.001 g. Table 9 shows the results of biomass weighing, and Table 10 shows the average levels of shikimic acid in the treated plants.

[0123] Tables 11, 12, and 13 present mean values by treatment and analysis of variability for three parameters: component content, phytotoxicity and biomass determinations, and treatment performance indicators for Brachiaria decumbens.

[0124] Visual assessment and determination of the accumulation of dry biomass was performed on day 28 after application of herbicides. The content of shikimic acid was evaluated 24 hours after application.

[0125]

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] In a visual assessment of weed control, the highest average values were observed for a significant difference between Formulations 4 and 5 on the one hand and the product "Original Roundup" on the other. The lowest mean values were observed for plants that were not treated with glyphosate, that is, for the control group. At the same time, although there was no statistically significant difference between the compositions based on the proposed composition and commercial products in relation to the content of shikimic acid, it was still noticed that Formulations 1-5 gave higher values for the content of shikimic acid (see Table 10) than commercial products and much higher than those of the control group.

[0129] It is most accurate and biologically adequate to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of post-emergence herbicides by the accumulated dry biomass of indicator plants (Table 9), that is, the less accumulated dry biomass, the more effective weed control. For test weeds, the lowest mean value was observed for Formulation 4, ie, this Formulation provided greater control of Brachiaria decumbens than the commercial products and was statistically different from the control group treatment within a 5% confidence interval.

[0130] Tables 11 and 12 present the average values of the applied herbicide content and the results of statistical analysis of the total and internal content of glyphosate 24 hours after application of the Formulations.

[0131] The highest average total content was observed for Formulation 1. The lowest average total content was observed for Formulations 2 and 5. Formulation 4 showed intermediate values.

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] As mentioned above, the most relevant parameter for comparing treatments and ranking them by overall herbicide application, penetration, and uptake efficiency is glyphosate internal content measured 24 hours after application (Table 12).

[0135] Analysis of the results shows that Composition 4 provided the highest concentrations of glyphosate within the leaves of Brachiaria decumbens. the highest efficiency generalized for herbicide application, penetration and absorption by the leaves of Brachiaria decumbens. It should be noted that the experiment on Brachiaria decumbens was performed with ten repetitions (five under water deficient conditions and five without water deprivation).

[0136] Each experimental setup contained ten plants of Brachiaria decumbens, so the average values were obtained taking into account a total of 150 plants per treatment.

[0137] The average values of the internal content of glyphosate in the leaf tissues of Brachiaria decumbens are presented in Table 13. However, these average levels are expressed as a percentage of the average values observed for the Original Roundup product, the Roundup WG product, and both products together.

[0138] The results indicate that Formulation 4 provides intrasheet glyphosate content 21.82% higher than the Original Roundup product and 48.34% higher than the Roundup WG product. When these two commercial products are counted together, the advantage of Composition 4 is 35.08%.

[0139]

[0140] A pair of Formulations 1, 2 have identical combinations and ratios of glyphosate salts (ratio of potassium salt : monoisopropylamine salt = 0.74). The same is true for the pair of Formulations 4, 5 (ratio potassium salt : monoisopropylamine salt = 1.34).

[0141] With regard to the combination and ratio of surfactants present in the Formulations, they are identical for the pairs of Formulations 1 and 4 and 2, 5, as can be seen in Table 4.

[0142] Analysis of the results obtained, especially information regarding the internal content of glyphosate in the leaves of Brachiaria decumbens (Tables 9 and 10) shows that obtaining a herbicidal composition based on glyphosate, highly effective in terms of its application to the surface of the leaves, penetration, absorption and transport of glyphosate in the weed , depends on the combination and ratio of both the glyphosate salts and the surfactants used, as suggested in the formulations listed in Table A [sic!] and designated as Compositions 1-4.

[0143] Optimization of these two factors makes it possible to develop, based on the proposed composition, various Formulations indicated in Table 4, namely, it turned out that when using Formulation 4 against Brachiaria decumbens, an average increase in efficiency of 21.82% was achieved relative to the commercial product "Original Roundup" and 48.34% relative to the commercial product "Roundup WG".

[0144] Similarly, as can be seen from Table 10, all compositions derived from the proposed composition, when tested against Brachiaria decumbens, showed better results than the commercial product "Roundup WG".

[0145] This increase in potency is significant and indicates that Formulation 4 provides a greater degree of weed control at the same dose, or it requires a lower dose to achieve the same degree of weed control. This provides great agrotechnical and environmental benefits. Other formulations tested also demonstrate herbicidal efficacy. This is especially evident when used against weeds that are less aggressive than Brachiaria decumbens, where they are shown to be more effective than commercial products.

[0146] An analysis of the research results suggests that the proposed invention is the result of optimizing two factors: a combination of different glyphosate salts and balancing the surfactant system and / or additives in adequate concentrations and ratios, in other words, the result is the development of the proposed composition, in particular, obtaining the Composition 4 yielding an average efficiency gain (in terms of internal glyphosate content in Brachiaria decumbens leaves) of 21.82% over the commercial product "Original Roundup" and 48.34% over the commercial product "Roundup WG".

[0147] On the other hand, with regard to weeds, which, as shown by field experiments, are difficult to control before sowing or when sowing various crops, it was noticed that the proposed herbicidal composition containing in ideally balanced concentrations of different salts of glyphosate and Surfactants and / or additives play an essential role in weed control at the pre-sowing stage and at the stage of sowing various crops.

[0148] In this context, several additional trials were carried out experimentally with the goal of the present invention, a herbicide composition based on highly concentrated glyphosate, associated or not associated with other herbicides with a different mechanism of action, thus allowing successful work in the control of resistant weeds of key agricultural cultures.

[0149] Using the proposed composition, it became possible to deal with, among others, such resistant weeds as Indian Eleusina (Eleusine indica) and Bengal commelina (Commelina benghalensis).

[0150] That is, the use of various formulations based on a herbicidal composition containing various salts of glyphosate and surfactants, as well as additives in ideal concentrations and ratios, at the pre-sowing stage and / or at the stage of sowing crops such as soybeans, corn, cotton was evaluated. and others.

[0151] The experiment was designed and carried out on randomized blocks with repetitions of a total of 04. Each experimental setup had a size of 5 m × 3 m, that is, had an area of 15 m ² .

[0152] For the treatment used two formulations based on the proposed composition (Formulations 1 and 4) and two commercial products, in two doses, with two control groups (unweeded and cleared of weeds), - a total of 10 treatments, as presented in Table 14. Doses were 1080 g/ha and ²¹⁶⁰ g/ha

[0153]

[0154] The application of herbicides was carried out under ideal conditions, that is, in conditions of full humidity and with weeds in a state of good vegetation. The suppression of Commelina benghalensis (Commelina benghalensis) was assessed on days 7, 14 and 21 after herbicide application visually on a percentage scale from 0% to 100%, with a score of 0% corresponding to no suppression and a score of 100% to the complete destruction of the weed. The results were subjected to multivariate analysis, as detailed below.

[0155] In a multivariate analysis, the interactions between the measured values of the variables were determined using factor analysis. It should be noted that in this analysis only the most representative parameters are selected to enable identification of the processes that best explain the behavior of interest. In these studies, no parameters were removed from the analysis.

[0156] With a large number of factors extracted to determine if there was a significant difference between treatments, when processes were determined from factor analysis, one-way analysis of variance was performed. Confidence intervals with a confidence level of 0.95 were used for testing. If the vertical bars (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), indicating the confidence interval, overlap, then there is no significant difference between the types of processing (p>0.05).

[0157] When analyzing and discussing the results of this experiment, it should be noted that different (in terms of ingredients, balance and concentrations of salts of glyphosate and surfactants and / or additives) compositions, being applied during technical operations, that is, before pre-sowing or sowing works, in against crops such as soybeans, corn, cotton and others showed a significant difference in the suppression of resistant weeds, resulting in high levels of suppression of these weeds.

[0158] When analyzing the results obtained with respect to the suppression of Indian eleusine (Eleusine indica) and Bengal commelina (Commelina benghalensis), it was observed that the treatment with Formulation 1 (from 2.0 l to 4.0 l pf / ha) (which means pf, unable to ascertain - trans.) and Composition 4 (2.0 L to 4.0 L pf/ha) compared to commercial products "Original Roundup" (6.0 L pf/ha), "Roundup WG » (1.5 kg pf/ha), «Roundup WG» (3.0 kg pf/ha), «Original Roundup» (3.0 L pf/ha), «Original Roundup» showed that such formulations show significant difference in weed suppression, provide faster suppression and better end results.

[0159] Quantitative results of weed suppression (Eleusine indica and Commelina benghalensis) showed different behavior when assessed on days 07, 14 and 21 after herbicide application. The dispersion was redistributed to two factors. The first factor (Factor 1) explained 51.5% of the variance, and the second factor (Factor 2) explained 47.2% (Table 15).

[0160] Factor 1 evaluated the quantitative results of the suppression of Commelina benghalensis on days 07, 14 and 21 after herbicide application. In Factor 2, the quantitative results of Eleusine indica suppression were also evaluated on days 07, 14 and 21 after herbicide application.

[0161] Since the factors are orthogonal (do not correlate), the processes accounted for by Factors 1 and 2 are independent of each other. Thus one-way analysis of variance was performed with Factor 1 (FIG. 1) and with Factor 2 (FIG. 2).

[0162]

[0163] When one-way analysis of variance was performed with Factor 1 parameters, a significant difference (F=224.82; p=0.0001) was observed between treatments when Commelina benghalensis control scores were assessed on days 07, 14, and 21 post-application, e.g. , in how the unweeded control group differed from the treated ones.

[0164] The results for Composition 1 (2.0 l/ha) and products "Original Roundup" (3.0 l/ha) and "Roundup WG" (1.5 kg/ha) did not differ from the cleared control group . On the other hand, the results for Formulation 4 (4.0 l/ha) also differed from the results for the other treatments (FIG. 2).

[0165] When one-way analysis of variance was performed with Factor 2 parameters, a significant difference (F=164.25; p=0.0001) was observed between treatments when Eleusine indica control scores were assessed on days 07, 14, and 21 post-application, e.g. , in how all treatments differed from the non-weeded control group. The results for Formulation 4 also differed from the results for all treatments.

Comparative evaluation of results for the species Brachiaria decumbens, Eleusine indica and Commelina benghalensis

[0166] From the above results on the control of Eleusine indica and Commelina benghalensis, it can be concluded that the herbicidal action of "Original Roundup", "Roundup WG" and Formulation 1 is very similar and its result does not differ from the control group cleared of weeds, which indicates the fact that the compositions obtained on the basis of the proposed composition are not inferior to commercial products.

[0167] However, it should be noted that competitive results are achieved at lower doses (see Table 14), and under certain conditions, the compositions of the invention are superior to commercial products, which proves the effectiveness of proper balancing of the components of the proposed composition.

[0168] In addition, the results indicate that Formulation 4 exhibits a higher herbicidal activity, statistically significantly different from the commercial products "Original Roundup" and "Roundup WG" when used to control both Brachiaria decumbens and with Eleusine indica and Commelina benghalensis.

[0169] Thus, a multivariate analysis of the satisfactory results obtained with preplant treatment under water scarce conditions confirmed that the present invention is the result of optimizing two factors: the combination of different salts of glyphosate and balancing surfactants and / or additives in terms of concentrations and ratios.

[0170] That is, the proposed composition in the tests carried out in comparison with known commercial products gave a statistical gain and a difference in the suppression of generally glyphosate-resistant weeds such as Eleusine indica and Commelina benghalensis.

[0171] This gain is highly significant and indicates that the present composition may be more reliable in killing weeds when applied at the same dose, or it may be required at a lower dose to provide the same degree of weed control. In particular, Composition 4 obtained on the basis of the proposed composition provides great advantages both in terms of agricultural technology and from the point of view of ecology.

[0172] Other Formulations also showed satisfactory results at both doses compared to the commercial product "Roundup WG", which confirms similar results when tested against Brachiaria decumbens.

Claims (34)

1. A highly concentrated herbicidal composition that provides high efficiency in weed control and has low toxicity to the environment and humans, characterized in that it contains the following components: - glyphosate in the form of a mixture of potassium salts in an amount of from 20 to 35 wt. % and isopropylamine salt in an amount of 20 to 35 wt. % relative to the total weight of the composition, while ensuring the content of glyphosate in terms of acid at a dosage of 400 to 600 g/l, - a system of surface-active substances (surfactants) containing N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide in an amount of 2.0 to 5.0 wt. % relative total weight of the composition, ethylene glycol in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 wt. % relative total weight of the composition, and complexing agent, - solvent, - defoamer, and - if necessary, additional surfactant. 2. The composition according to p. 1, in which the complexing agent is contained in an amount of from 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % relative to the total weight of the composition. 3. Composition according to claim 1 in which the complexing agent is represented by diethylenetriaminepentaacetate of the formula:

4. The composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the complexing agent is contained in an amount of from 0.01 to 1.0 wt. % relative to the total weight of the composition. 5. The composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, in which the defoamer is selected from silicones and siloxanes. 6. The composition according to p. 5, in which the defoamer is selected from polydimethylsiloxanes and its amount is from 0.2 to 0.4 wt. % relative to the total weight of the composition. 7. The composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that it is prepared in the form of an aqueous solution. 8. The composition according to claim 7, characterized in that its penetration and absorption in the leaves of a weed plant, in particular a grassy weed plant, is provided by a value of from 21.82 to 48.24%, taking into account the average internal content of shikimic acid in plants. 9. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that 24 hours after application of the composition, the average content of shikimic acid in the weed plant is from 107,213.50 to 126,631.60 ng/g. 10. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that 24 hours after application of the composition, the average internal content of glyphosate in the weed plant is from 235.59 to 300.55 ng/g. 11. Composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-10, characterized in that it can be prepared in various physical forms: in the form of solid particles, powder or granules, in particular in the form of dispersible granules, water-dispersible granules. 12. The method of preparation of the composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-11 containing the following steps: (a) 90% solvent is added to the vessel of the mixing reactor, (b) add potassium hydroxide solution and slowly add glyphosate (acid), making sure that the temperature is not higher than 40°C, (c) slowly adding isopropylamine, making sure that the temperature is not higher than 40°C, and stirring until the reaction is complete with a pH of 4.8 to 5.5, (d) add the defoamer, surfactant system, the rest of the solvent and mix until completely homogenized, and (e) package the product. 13. Herbicidal composition based on the composition according to claim 1, containing from 20 to 25 wt. % potassium salt of glyphosate, from 25 to 35 wt. % isopropylamine salt of glyphosate, from 3.0 to 5.0 wt. % N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide, from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. % ethylene glycol, from 0.01 to 1.0 wt. % sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, from 0.2 to 0.40 wt. % dimethylsiloxane and from 31.6 to 51.6 wt. % water. 14. Herbicidal composition based on the composition according to claim 1, containing from 25 to 35 wt. % potassium salt of glyphosate, from 20 to 25 wt. % isopropylamine salt of glyphosate, from 3.0 to 5.0 wt. % N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide, from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. % ethylene glycol, from 0.01 to 1.0 wt. % sodium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, from 0.2 to 0.40 wt. % dimethylsiloxane and from 31.6 to 51.6 wt. % water. 15. A method of controlling weeds of various crops, such as glyphosate-tolerant soybeans, corn and cotton, as well as sugar cane, comprising the step of applying a herbicidal composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-11. 16. A method for herbicidal weed control on a plantation, comprising the following steps: a) in a suitable volume of water, a herbicidally effective amount of the highly concentrated herbicidal composition according to any one of paragraphs is diluted. 1-11, and b) applying the composition to the leaves of the weed. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that it is effective against the family Poaseae, the genus Brachiaria, in particular the species Brachiaria decumbens, as well as the weeds Eleusine indica, Comelinea benghalensis.

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