RU2773062C1 - Roller device for transfer of switches - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of railway transport, and in particular to a roller device for the translation of turnouts. The roller device for switching switch blades includes a housing consisting of side walls, end transverse walls, a bottom wall, a clamping block in the form of a spring clamp having a complex shape and an anchor bolt with a nut installed in the holes of one of the end walls of the housing, rollers in the form of composite parts , the rotation of which is carried out by means of rolling bearings, the axes of which are fixed in vertically directed grooves located in the side walls of the housing, made with the possibility of separate adjustment of the position of the axes of the rollers in height by means of adjustment bolts installed in the holes located in the side walls of the housing, which ensure the rollers protrude above the housing and adhere to the sharp point, an elastic element made in the form of a spring installed in the closed part of the housing, interacting with the guide pressure a movable element consisting of a spring support connected by means of a bolt to the guide element. The guiding pressure movable element is configured to press the body against the frame rail and the rollers against the blade under the action of a spring acting on the body through the spring support.

EFFECT: loads from the rolling stock on the roller device are reduced, the return of the roller device to its original state is ensured, as well as the possibility of leveling the clamping plane of the roller along the point, the effect of load drops on the change in the geometry of the turnout is reduced.

1 cl, 3 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention relates to the field of railway transport, namely, to a roller device for switching switch points and is intended for installing a roller device on turnouts of type P65 brand 1/11 project 2750.00.000 at stations, in particular, on turnouts subject to sand ingress and bulk cargo from rolling stock.

State of the art

The prior art technical solution according to the patent for the invention CS277946 (B), PALIVOVY KOM [CZ], B61L 5/02; E01B 7/02, publ. 1993-06-16, which presents a description of the descent, in which the clamping block is made with a clamp for attaching to the base of the frame rail, and the rocking arm carrying the movable knurled rollers is lifted by a spring located obliquely on the sleeve on the side and connected to the rocking arm by a rod.

The disadvantage of the above design is the location of the spring, which falls into the space between the rails. The location of the spring can not only interfere with the control, manual or mechanical maintenance of the track, but damage to the spring itself can occur, which will lead to an accident.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is the technical solution according to the RF patent for invention No. 2673124, Ecoslide s.r.o. (CZ), E01B7/02, E61L5/02, publ. 11/22/2018, which describes an adjustable roller device for switch blades, including a body equipped with guides designed for installation on the base of a frame rail, and consisting of side walls, end transverse walls and a bottom wall, a clamping block in the form of a spring clamp and an anchor bolt with a nut installed in one of the end walls, an elastic support placed in the hole of the bottom wall, a rocking lever having contact with the elastic support and one end of which is mounted on an axis located in the holes on the side walls of the housing, and on the rocking lever there are two trunnions and rollers, and one of them has contact with an elastic support, characterized in that the swing arm is made in the form of two vertical panels connected to each other by a transverse panel, installed in the housing, and the device is equipped with an additional trunnion, and all the trunnions are fixed in vertical panels of the rocker arm, and the elastic support is made of elastomer, while the spring clamp is made of a complex shape from a whole piece of elastic material in the form of two sections parallel to each other, designed to mate with the outer side of the housing, and the middle part, the shape of which ensures mating with the anchor bolt, holes on the side walls of the housing for fastening the axes of the rocking lever are made in the form of vertically directed grooves. General features, coinciding with the essential features of the claimed invention, are: an adjustable roller device for switch points, including a body consisting of side walls, end transverse walls and a bottom wall; guides designed for installation on the base of the frame rail; clamping block in the form of a spring clamp and an anchor bolt with a nut installed in one of the end walls; elastic support; two trunnions and rollers; the spring clamp is made of a complex shape from a whole piece of elastic material in the form of two sections parallel to each other, designed to mate with the outer side of the body, and the middle part, the shape of which ensures mate with the anchor bolt; holes on the side walls of the housing, made in the form of vertically directed grooves.

A technical problem that could not be solved using the closest analogue is that

- after installing the adjustable roller device for switch blades on the frame rail, the pressure plane of the roller cannot be aligned with the switch blade,

- when the load on the adjustable roller device is not fully compensated, and all the force acts on the rail, resulting in a turn of the roller device,

- the elastic element is in the contamination zone, which leads to its rapid contamination and jamming.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention.

The technical result provided by the invention is

- reduction of loads from the rolling stock on the roller device, ensuring the return of the roller device to its original state, the possibility of aligning the clamping plane of the roller along the point, reducing the effect of load drops on changing the geometry of the turnout,

- increasing the smoothness of the transfer of arrows with minimal effort and reducing the consumption of electricity spent on the operation of the turnout,

- elimination of distortions when the rollers fit to the wit,

- reducing the impact of an unfavorable environment on the performance of the elastic element, which is achieved by the implementation of a roller device for the transfer of switch points (hereinafter the roller device), including a housing consisting of side walls, end transverse walls, bottom wall; a guide element designed to be installed on the base of the frame rail; elastic element; clamping block in the form of a spring clamp having a complex shape and an anchor bolt with a nut installed in the holes of one of the end walls of the housing; rollers mounted on axles; vertically directed grooves located on the side walls of the housing; the elastic element is made in the form of a spring installed in the closed part of the housing, interacting with the guiding clamping movable element, consisting of a spring support connected by means of a bolt to the guiding element, while the guiding clamping movable element is configured to press the housing to the frame rail and the rollers to the point under the action of a spring acting on the body through the spring support; the rollers are made in the form of composite parts, the rotation of which is carried out by means of rolling bearings; the rollers are made with the possibility of separately adjusting the position of the roller axes in height by means of adjustment bolts installed in the holes located in the side walls of the housing, which ensure the rollers protrude above the housing and adhere to the blade, while the axes of the rollers are fixed in vertically directed grooves located in the side walls of the housing .

Reduction of loads from the rolling stock on the roller device, ensuring the return of the roller device to its original state after its turn, the possibility of aligning the pressure plane of the roller along the point, reducing the effect of load drops on changing the geometry of the turnout provided:

- the presence in the roller device of an elastic element made in the form of a spring installed in the closed part of the housing, interacting with the guiding clamping movable element, consisting of a spring support connected by means of a bolt to the guiding element, making the guiding clamping movable element with the possibility of pressing the housing against the frame rail and rollers to the wit under the action of a spring acting on the body through the spring support. The body is pressed against the frame rail and the rollers against the sharp edge is carried out due to the combined action of the spring clamp and the guiding clamping movable element, which is acted upon by the spring through the spring support. The load is fully compensated using a roller device. Under the influence of the load, the casing of the roller device is pressed. When the load is removed, the spring acts on the body through the spring support, returns it to its original position and hangs the wit.

Improving the smoothness of the transfer of arrows with minimal effort and reducing the consumption of electricity spent on the operation of the turnout is ensured by:

- due to the spring installed in the closed part of the housing, additionally, in combination with a spring clamp, which reduces the effect of vibrations when switching wits, and the rollers are made in the form of composite parts, the rotation of which is carried out by means of rolling bearings, as a result, there is an increase in the smoothness of the transfer of arrows when minimum effort, the wear of the switches is reduced, the probability of failure of the motor of the turnouts is reduced, the consumption of electricity spent on the work of the turnout is reduced.

The elimination of distortions when the rollers fit to the point is provided by:

- making rollers with the possibility of separately adjusting the position of the roller axes (the position of the axis of each roller can be adjusted separately) in height by means of adjusting bolts installed in the holes located in the side walls of the housing, ensuring the rollers protrude above the housing and fit to the blade, and fixing the axes of the rollers in a vertical directional grooves located in the side walls of the housing.

Reducing the impact of an unfavorable environment on the performance of an elastic element is ensured by:

- installation of an elastic element, made in the form of a spring, in the closed part of the body, which allows to avoid its contamination and jamming and work in any conditions.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a general view of the roller device (axonometric projection), figure 2 shows a side view of the roller device, in section, figure 3 shows a diagram of the installation of roller devices.

The positions in the figures are:

1 - body,

2 - side wall of the body,

3 - end walls of the body,

4 - bottom wall of the body,

5 - closed part of the body,

6 - open part of the body,

7 - clamping block,

8 - spring clamp,

9 - anchor bolt,

10 - nut,

11 - elastic element (spring),

12 - guiding clamping movable element,

13 - guide element,

14 - spring support,

15 - bolt (connecting the guide element with the spring support),

16 - rollers,

17 - clamping plane of the roller,

18 - axes of rollers,

19 - rolling bearings,

20 - clip,

21 - adjusting bolts,

22 - vertically directed grooves,

23 - window,

24 - holes for adjusting bolts.

Implementation of the invention.

The design of the roller device for switching switch blades contains a housing 1, which is a single block consisting of the side walls of the housing 2, the end walls of the housing 3, the lower wall of the housing 4, in which are installed: a clamping block 7 in the form of a spring clamp 8 and an anchor bolt 9 with nut 10 installed in one of the end walls of the housing 3; elastic element 11, made in the form of a spring, located on the support of the spring 14; guide pressure movable element 12, consisting of a spring support 14, connected by means of a bolt 15 with a guide element 13, designed to be installed on the base of the frame rail (not shown); rollers 16.

The spring clamp 8 is made of a complex shape from a whole piece of elastic material in the form of two sections parallel to each other, intended for mating with the outer side of the body, and the middle part, the shape of which ensures mating with the anchor bolt 9.

Housing 1 includes a closed part of housing 5 and an open part of housing 6.

The elastic element 11, made in the form of a spring, is installed in the closed part of the housing 5. The guide element 13 and the spring support 14, connected by a bolt 15, form a movable connection in the form of a guide pressure moving element 12 interacting with the elastic element 11. The guide pressure moving element 12 is configured to move in the vertical direction and press the housing 1 against the frame rail and rollers 16 to the wag (not shown in the drawing) under the action of the spring 11 acting on the housing 1 through the spring support 14.

The rollers 16 are installed in the open part of the housing 6. The axes of the rollers 18 are fixed in vertically directed grooves 22 located in the side walls of the housing 2. The rollers 16 are composite prefabricated parts, consisting of rolling bearings 19, through which the rotation of the rollers, and the cage 20. Rollers 16 are made with the possibility of separate adjustment of the position of the axes of the rollers 18 (the position of the axis of each roller can be adjusted separately) in height by means of the holes 24 of the adjusting bolts 21 installed in the side walls of the housing 2, which ensure that the rollers 16 protrude above the housing 1 and fit to the blade by aligning the pressure the plane of the roller 17 along the wit.

In the lower part of the housing below the rollers 16 in the housing 1, a window 23 is provided for installing an automatic compressed air supply valve in order to purge the housing 1 of the roller device and clean the rollers 16.

The installation, configuration and operation of the proposed roller device for switch blades is carried out as follows:

The roller device is installed on turnouts of type P65 brand 1/11 of project 2750.00.000 at stations, in particular, on turnouts subject to ingress of sand and bulk cargo from rolling stock, to prevent lubrication of switch shoe pads, reduce the effort and time of switching the switch wit , reducing labor costs for the maintenance of arrows. The roller device is used for outdoor operation at an ambient temperature of -60°C to +60°C.

Before bringing the roller device into working condition, a sleeper box (not shown in the drawing) is released under the roller device, which contains a housing 1, consisting of the side walls of the housing 2, the end walls of the housing 3, the lower wall of the housing 4, in which in one of the end walls of the housing 3, a clamping block 7 is installed in the form of a spring clamp 8 and an anchor bolt 9 with a nut 10, an elastic element 11 is installed in the closed part of the housing 5, made in the form of a spring interacting with the guide clamping movable element 12, consisting of a spring support 14 connected by means of a bolt 15 with a guide element 13, in the open part of the housing 6 there are rollers 16, which are components consisting of rolling bearings 19, through which the rollers rotate, and a cage 20.

The roller device is installed on a frame rail, which is previously cleaned from contaminants, snow, etc. at the installation site of the roller device. and free from rubble the place under the frame rail necessary for the installation of the roller device (approximately to a depth of 170-220 mm). The lower surface of the wit is also cleaned at the point of contact with the rollers 16, which in the roller device itself must be released into the same plane with the body 1.

The installation locations and the number of pieces of the proposed roller device are selected individually. Depending on the individual features of the laying of the wits, it is permissible to change the installation position of the adjustable roller device for switch wits by a maximum of one or two spaces between the sleepers (one or two sleeper boxes) from their main position in accordance with the diagram shown in Fig.3. If necessary, it is allowed to install separate adjustable roller devices not opposite each other, but with an offset by one sleeper box, in a “run-up”.

The roller device is brought under the sole of the frame rail after the wit is transferred to the position - “the wit is retracted from the frame rail”, then, by means of a guide clamping movable element 12, the roller device is put on the frame rail and, having installed the spring clamp 8, they begin to retract and press the roller device to the frame rail , while simultaneously controlling the installation of the spring clamp 8, if necessary, guiding it.

After installing the roller device on the frame rail, the wit is transferred to the working position - “the wit is pressed against the frame rail” and by raising one of the rollers 16, the position of the wit is adjusted by 0.5 ... 1 mm relative to the support plates of the wit.

The lifting height of each of the rollers 16, the axes of which are fixed in vertically directed grooves 22 located in the side walls of the housing 2, can be adjusted by separately adjusting the position of the axes of the rollers 16 in height using the adjusting bolts 21 installed in the holes 24 located in the side walls of the housing 2 followed by bolt fixing. The adjusting bolts 21 ensure that the rollers 16 protrude above the housing 1 and adhere to the point.

After transferring the wit to the position - “the wit is removed from the frame rail”, the wit is suspended by the second roller 16 by unscrewing the adjusting bolts 21 by 0.5 ... 1 mm. Upon reaching the required position of the wit, the bolts 21 are locked with nuts .

Then they check the correct installation of the roller device, for this, after its installation, the wit is transferred from the position “the wit is removed from the frame rail” to the position “the wit is pressed against the frame rail”, once to control the position of the wit relative to the rollers, while the wit must always be on the rollers , in other words, the pressing plane of the roller 17 must be aligned with the blade.

The main work in the proposed roller device is performed by the body, which determines the location of all structural elements included in it, which partially perceives the loads from the rolling stock until the point of contact of the pointer with the pads of the switch shoes and ensures the pointer is hung out in the absence of load. The case is a single block with two side walls, where the roller axles are located and their adjustment relative to the base of the blade is provided by unscrewing the bolts, which ensures that the blade is raised relative to the supports to a height of 0.5 to 3 mm, depending on the requirements. In the housing there is a guide clamping movable element 12, including a guide element 13, for installation on a frame rail and the perception of loads from the rolling stock. The elastic element in the form of a spring 11 acts on the housing 1 through the guide clamping movable element 12, which is configured to press the housing 1 to the frame rail and the rollers 16 to the sharp point, under the action of the spring 11 through the spring support 14. Thus, the housing 1 is constantly pressed against frame rail and rollers 16 to the wit. When the composition passes through the wit through the rollers 16, force is transmitted to the body 1 and, due to the spring clamp 8, the body 1 is pressed and turned, when the load is removed, the spring 11 through the guide clamping moving element 12, acting on the body 1, returns the roller device to its original position and hanging out a wit.

The elastic element 11 (spring) is closed by the housing and is not affected by the adverse environment, which allows it to work in any conditions.

To purge the body 1 and clean the rollers 16 to the window 23, located below the rollers 16, an automatic compressed air supply valve is installed.

The proposed roller device for switching switch blades makes it possible to exclude lubrication of the pads of the switch shoes, which reduces operating costs and increases the environmental friendliness of the turnout by reducing the waste of lubricant that enters the soil during the operation of the turnout. Due to the exclusion of lubrication of the pads of the switch shoes, labor safety is increased due to a decrease in the movement of workers along the tracks (especially on hump yards).

The roller device contains in its design flexible and elastic elements, namely, the spring 13, the spring clamp 8, which work in concert with the guide clamping movable element 12, which makes it possible to reduce the effect of vibrations during the translation of wits and, as a result, to increase the smoothness of the translation.

When operating a turnout with the proposed roller device, the pointers of the turnouts are transferred smoothly and with minimal effort, reducing both the wear of the turnouts and reducing the likelihood of failure of the turnout motor, the turnout time is steadily reduced. At the same time, the consumption of electricity spent on the operation of the turnout is also reduced.

After the manufacture of the proposed device and the tests, the following results were obtained, shown in table 1 and table 2.

Table 1

The results of measuring the time of the transfer of wits

Time parameter Switching time, sec Ratio of translation time before and after installation of the roller device, times before installing the roller device after installing the roller device minimum 0.900 0.632 1.42 average 1.367 0.982 1.4 maximum 1.834 1.332 1.38

table 2

The results of measurements of the required current strength when translating wits

Time parameter Current strength for the translation of arrows, A The ratio of the current strength for transfer before and after the installation of the roller device, times before installing the roller device after installing the roller device minimum 2.5 one 2.5 average 3.7 1.75 2.23 maximum 4.9 2.5 1.96

As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the minimum transfer time decreases from 0.9 seconds to 0.632 seconds (1.42 times), the maximum - from 1.834 seconds to 1.332 seconds (1.38 times). The required current for transferring a wit decreases from a minimum of 2.5 A to 1 A (2.5 times), a maximum from 4.9 A to 2.5 A (1.96 times).

In general, operational tests of turnouts equipped with the proposed roller device showed reliable operation of both the roller devices themselves and the elements of switches and transfer devices.

The use of the proposed roller device for turnouts on turnouts will ensure the cost-effective operation of the turnout, as well as the safety and uninterrupted movement of rolling stock, which is a great advantage of the proposed roller device.

Claims (1)

Roller device for switching switch blades, including a body consisting of side walls, end transverse walls, a bottom wall, a guide element designed for installation on the frame rail base, an elastic element, a clamping block in the form of a spring clamp having a complex shape and an anchor bolt with a nut installed in the hole of one of the end walls of the housing, rollers mounted on axes, vertically directed grooves located on the side walls of the housing, characterized in that the elastic element is made in the form of a spring installed in the closed part of the housing, interacting with a guiding clamping movable element, consisting from a spring support connected by means of a bolt to a guide element, while the guide clamping movable element is made with the possibility of pressing the body against the frame rail and the rollers against the point under the action of the spring acting on the body through the spring support, the rollers are made in the form of composite parts, rotation which are carried out by means of rolling bearings, the rollers are made with the possibility of separate adjustment of the position of the axes of the rollers in height by means of adjustment bolts installed in the holes located in the side walls of the housing, which ensure the rollers reach over the housing and fit to the point, while the axes of the rollers are fixed in vertically directed grooves located in the side walls of the case.

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