RU2772447C1 - Automatic monitoring and control system for industrial safety of hydraulic structures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automatic control systems.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to systems for automatic monitoring and control for industrial safety of hydraulic structures, including many automated operator locations connected via a combined network with a remote server, which is connected via a combined network with many monitoring and control units for industrial safety of hydraulic structures located at hydraulic engineering installations. According to the invention, the monitoring and control unit for industrial safety of hydraulic structures is made in the form of a base station having a module for exchanging signals over a radio channel with a piezometric control point, a thermometric control point and a water level control point in open reservoirs.

EFFECT: possibility of autonomous functioning of the system in the absence of an infrastructure of communication channels and power supply, while ensuring high reliability of operation.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs .

This invention relates to the field of ensuring the safety of operation of hydraulic structures, which includes: instrumentation, data collection device, server, special software.

The following abbreviations are used in this description:

workstation - automated workplace; AC - hardware server; DB - database; BSV - Baltic system of heights; BSPD - data collection and transmission unit; BSPD - block for collecting and transmitting water level data; BSPD - block for collecting and transmitting water temperature data; BSPDP - piezometric data acquisition and transmission unit; BSPDT - thermometric data acquisition and transmission unit; GTS - hydraulic structure; KIA - control and measuring equipment; MSC - the time of the time zone in which the capital of the Russian Federation is located - the city of Moscow; OS - operating system; ON - software; PSP - software application server; PSS - software network server; SAMIK GTS - system of automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures DBMS - database management system; TC - control point; TKOV - point of control of water level in open reservoirs; TPK - point of piezometric control; TTC - point of thermometric control; 1 wire - (from English - "one wire") - a bidirectional communication bus for devices with low data transfer rates (typically 15.4 Kbps, maximum 125 Kbps in overdrive mode), in which data is transmitted over the power circuit (that is, in total, two wires are used - one common (GND), and the second for power and data; DevEUI - global unique identifier of the LoRaWAN module of the end device (8 bytes, IEEE EUI64, analogue of the MAC address), which uniquely identifies it; ethernet - (Local network) (English Ethernet from English ether - "ether" and English network - "network, chain") - a family of technologies for packet data transfer between devices for computer and industrial networks; LoRaWAN - Long Range Wide Access Net - an energy-efficient long-range network with a large subscriber capacity; PoE - Power over Ethernet - a technology that allows the transmission of electrical energy along with data to a remote device through a standard twisted pair cable in an Ethernet network; WiFi - Wireless Fidelity - wireless LAN technology with devices based on IEEE 802.11 standards.

In this description, the following terms are used:

End device - designed to implement control or measurement functions. Contains a set of necessary sensors and control elements.

Gateway (base station) - a device that receives data from end devices using a radio channel and transmits them to the transit network. The gateway is a multi-channel LoRaWAN transceiver. The backhaul network can be Ethernet, WiFi, or mobile radiotelephone networks. The gateway and end devices form a star network topology. Typically, this device contains multi-channel transceivers for processing signals in several channels at the same time or even several signals in one channel. Accordingly, several such devices provide the radio coverage of the network and transparent bidirectional data transmission between the end devices and the server.

Network server - designed to manage the network: scheduling, speed adaptation, storage and processing of received data.

Application server - remotely controls the operation of end devices and collects the necessary data from them.

The level of technology.

Currently, there are systems for automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures. Thus, a system for automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures is known from the prior art, which includes a plurality of automated operator stations connected via a unified network to a remote server, which is connected via a unified network to a plurality of monitoring and control units for industrial safety of hydraulic structures located on hydraulic structures. See patent No. 2460127, published 2011.

This system is the closest in technical essence and achieved technical result and is chosen as a prototype of the proposed invention as a system.

The disadvantage of this prototype is also the complexity or impossibility of installing system elements in places where there are no communication lines, power supply.

Disclosure of the invention.

The present invention mainly aims to propose an automated system for wireless monitoring of hydraulic structures with data accumulation for subsequent analysis, which makes it possible to at least mitigate at least one of the above drawbacks, namely, to provide the possibility of autonomous operation of the system in the absence of a communication channel infrastructure and power supply, while ensuring high reliability, which is the technical task.

To achieve this goal, the block for monitoring and controlling the industrial safety of hydraulic structures is made in the form of a base station, having an autonomous power supply unit and a radio signal exchange module with autonomous modules installed on the hydraulic structure:

- piezometric control point,

- thermometric control point,

- a water level control point in open reservoirs, each point has its own autonomous power supply unit.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to operate the system autonomously in the absence of an infrastructure of communication channels and power supply, while ensuring high reliability. Each module can be installed regardless of the presence of the infrastructure of communication channels and power supply, data from each module is transmitted via a radio channel to the base station. The system can be scaled, modified, and each module does not require constant maintenance. It is enough to change the power supply, for example, every 2-3 years.

Ultimately, the network has a star-of-stars topology, has end devices that communicate with the central server of the network through gateways that form transparent bridges.

First of all, the issue of data transmission via a wireless channel from modules of piezometric, thermometric monitoring and control of water level in open reservoirs to the base station (monitoring and industrial safety control unit) within a radius of 10 km is solved in this way. The wireless transmission method eliminates the need to build a communication channel infrastructure, which significantly saves resources. After all, there are places where the creation of infrastructure is simply impossible, and there is no constant power supply. That is why all modules are self-contained, equipped with individual batteries and vandal-resistant. Thus, it becomes possible to install the required number of base stations with a frequency of 10 km, in such a way as to bring the radio signal to the entry point to the permanent Ethernet network, where there is already access to power, and then transfer everything to a remote server, where special software displays the results monitoring and performs analytical calculations, builds a depression curve.

There is a version of the system, in which the piezometric control point includes a housing in which are located:

- data collection and transmission unit, which includes:

i. block for collecting and transmitting data on the water level;

ii. temperature data acquisition and transmission unit;

iii. lithium-ion battery;

iv. sealed housing with cable glands;

- water level and temperature sensor;

- whip antenna

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, a specific design of the piezometric control point is possible.

There is a version of the system, in which the thermometric control point includes a housing in which are located:

- data collection and transmission unit, which includes:

i. hardware timer with time synchronization over the LoRaWAN network;

ii. interface converter board 1-wire-RS-232 of the work control controller;

iii. radio modem board with RS-232 interface;

iv. lithium-ion battery;

v. sealed housing with cable glands;

- a thermal garland consisting of temperature sensors;

- whip antenna.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, a specific design of the thermometric control point is possible.

There is a version of the system in which the base station is located in an insulated metal cabinet

Due to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to increase the service life of the base station.

Thus, thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it becomes possible to automate the control of the level and temperature of water in piezometric wells, open reservoirs, temperature regimes at the depths of placement of thermal garlands in thermal wells on the hydrotechnical system and to determine the position of the drawdown curves and temperature distributions on the hydrotechnical system based on these data, which makes it possible to control critical risks.

It also becomes possible to automate access control, register and record user actions in the system, ensure secure internetworking, cryptographic information protection, anti-virus protection, and user identification.

The set of essential features of the invention is unknown from the prior art for methods of similar purpose, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "novelty" for the invention in relation to the method is met. In addition, this decision is not obvious to a person skilled in the art.

Brief description of the drawings.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the description which follows, by way of illustration and without being restrictive, with reference to FIGS. 1, which shows the functional structure of the system, according to the invention, the system for automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures includes such elements as:

- piezometric control point (TPK);

- thermometric control point (TTK);

- point of control of water level in open reservoirs (TKOV);

- base station;

- hardware server (AS), which includes:

- software network server (PSS);

- software application server (PSS) with installed open source software;

- Operator workstation.

Piezometric control point (TPK) is a piezometric well, which consists of the following components:

- BSPDP data collection and transmission unit, which includes:

- BSPDPu data acquisition and transmission unit (measures the water level) - 1 pc;

- BSPDPt data acquisition and transmission unit (measures temperature) - 1 pc;

- Li-Ion battery 3.6 V, 10 Ah - 2 pcs.;

- sealed housing with cable glands - 1 pc.;

- water level and temperature sensor - 1 pc.;

- whip antenna 868 MHz - 2 pcs.;

- antenna housing - 1 pc.;

- materials for installation.

BSPDPu, which measures the water level, consists of the following components:

- 4-20 mA water level signal converter - 1 pc;

- controller - a device that determines the logic of operation of the BSPDPu - 1 pc.;

- radio modem - 1 pc.

The temperature-measuring BSPDP consists of the following components:

- temperature signal converter 4-20 mA - 1 pc;

- controller - a device that determines the logic of the operation of the BSPDP - 1 pc.;

- radio modem - 1 pc.

Each BSPDP has a DevEUI identifier, which allows it to be uniquely identified and registered on the network.

The BSPD transmits information to the network on the frequencies of the license-free band 863-870 MHz.

The maximum transmitter power is 100 mW and can be remotely stepped. Receiver sensitivity -138 dBm.

BSPDP measurement and data transmission algorithm:

With the set frequency of measurements once a day, measurements are made at 00:00:00 according to the built-in clock of the BSPDP and at all network control points. Data transfer to the server is carried out during the next day at random times. This is done to prevent collisions on the air.

For other values of the time period, the algorithm is preserved with the difference that the described events occur at time intervals corresponding to the period. For a 12-hour measurement period at 00h.00m.00s, and at 12h.00m.00s. etc.

The total time of measurement and data transmission does not exceed 4 sec.

BSPDP have a built-in non-volatile memory for 200 measurements. As a general rule, measurement results should be transmitted according to the above procedure. However, due to certain circumstances, data transfer may not take place. Server unavailability, base station malfunction, interference on the air. Once these problems are resolved on the network, the data is immediately transferred to the server, provided acknowledgments are used. Otherwise, the packets are simply broadcast.

Synchronization of the internal clock of the BSPDP is carried out by the server using a radio channel and separate communication sessions.

Temperature control point (TTK) - a thermometric well, which consists of the following components:

- BSPDT data acquisition and transmission unit - 1 pc., which includes:

- hardware timer with time synchronization over the LoRaWAN network - 1 pc.;

- 1-wire-RS-232 interface converter board for the BSPDT operation control controller - 1 pc.;

- radio modem board with RS-232 interface – 1 piece;

- Li-Ion battery 10.68 V - 1 pc.;

- sealed housing with cable glands - 1 pc.;

- a thermal garland consisting of temperature sensors - 1 pc.;

- whip antenna 868 MHz - 2 pcs.;

- antenna housing - 1 pc.;

- materials for installation.

Each BSPDT has a DevEUI identifier, which allows it to be uniquely identified and registered on the network.

The algorithm for measuring and transmitting data in the TTC differs from the TPC algorithm. This is primarily due to the large amount of data transmitted from the thermal strings and the relatively low transmission rate. Polling one sensor is carried out within a few seconds.

The measurement is carried out by organizing a "transparent" connection of the thermogarland with the server via a radio channel, in which the server polls each temperature sensor according to the list of identifiers.

Scheduled activation provides a programmable timer. The timer uses its own module to synchronize the clock with the server and receive new settings on a schedule.

The point of water level control in open reservoirs (TKOV) is designed to control the water levels of the tailings and storage pond.

This control point has no fundamental differences from the TPK. The TKOV includes the BSPDP, which, in turn, consists of the BSPDPu and the BSPDPt.

TKOV features:

- increased requirements for the water level sensor in terms of measurement accuracy (0.1% at URL of 10 m will be 1 cm);

- frequency of measurements and data transmission 1 time per hour;

- TKOV has a constant power supply of 220V (4 battery blocks are provided as a backup power supply);

- placement of BSPDPu and BSPDPt in a thermally protected case.

The base station is designed to deploy the LoRaWAN data collection network and is a gateway for connecting the BSPD with the server equipment. The network is built on a star topology where each device interacts directly with the central equipment.

The base station, as an external placement device, is located in an insulated metal cabinet.

The base station communicates with the server via Ethernet. The device is powered by PoE technology.

The base station is equipped with a collinear 868 MHz antenna and has an increased gain.

Software Network Server (PSS) - a specialized program - is responsible for the operation of the network, providing its configuration by registering BSPD based on DevEUI.

The PSS processes service information, which, in particular, are the remaining battery life of control points, temperature at control points, signal level from control points, etc.

The MSS forms and maintains a database (DB) and a log of logs - all events occurring in the network (including errors and failures), ensures the transmission of data (packets) of the BSPD received from the base station, as well as the transmission of data to the BSPD with the organization of the packet queue on sending.

The software application server (PSS) processes the data received from the SSS, parses (interprets) packets from the BSPD, binds the results (sensor readings and process data) to specific control points, implements the algorithms for measuring and synchronizing the BSPD clocks.

Forms a user interface, provides information to the end user by:

- visualization of measurement results in graphical and tabular forms;

- display of the current (last) measurement results;

- formation of reporting documents by exporting measurement results to files of various formats;

- notification in case of output of results for the specified borders;

- informing about the state of the network, malfunctions of the TPK and TTK, the residual charge of the batteries, the temperature at the location of the devices.

Special software for the system of automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures consists of the following functional blocks:

1. User interface block.

2. Block built-in web server.

3. Block of interaction with the network server.

4. Block for implementing exchange protocols.

5. Block of interaction with the shopping mall.

6. Access block to the data storage.

7. Report generation unit.

The user interface functional block forms a graphical operator user interface that provides interactive access to the results of the system operation and implements the following set of functions:

- displaying the list of shopping malls on the object selected by the operator;

- displaying a map (plan) of an object with TCs located on the object;

- display of the current (last received) state of the TC selected by the operator;

- display of isotherms along the alignment selected by the operator;

- display of the drawdown curve along the alignment selected by the operator;

- displaying a graph of the dependence of the water level on time according to the TPK or TKOV selected by the operator;

- editing parameters of alignments and TC;

- access to managing the settings of terminal devices;

- generation of reports (export).

Unlike other functional blocks of open source software running on the server, this block is executed on the workstation in the browser.

The built-in web server functional block implements the web server built into the program that processes incoming requests (connections) via the HTTP and WebSocket protocols and implements the following set of functions:

- processing requests for static content (user interface files);

- processing requests for obtaining data from the storage (list and attributes of objects, alignments, TC, measurement results);

- support for the WebSocket protocol to organize a permanent connection with the user interface block to send notifications about events that occur on the server.

The functional block of interaction with the network server provides interaction with the network server and implements the following set of functions:

- checking the connection with the network server;

- checking the availability of communication with the data collection point;

- receiving received packets from terminal devices;

- transmission of generated packets for terminal devices.

The function block for the implementation of exchange protocols converts terminal device packets received from the network server into a set of values, as well as inverse transformation - the formation of packets for terminal devices from the input set of values and implements the following set of functions:

- determination of the type of the package by the service fields of the package;

- checking the integrity of the package and its suitability for further processing;

- converting the packet into a presentation format used by the network server;

- obtaining a set of parameters describing the complete state of the terminal device from the received state packet (battery charge level, temperature inside the device, radio signal reception quality indicators, measured current value);

- receiving a set of configuration parameters of the terminal device from the received packet;

- formation of a package for changing the configuration parameters of the terminal device;

- obtaining a binary array of data from the received packet from the terminal device with a serial interface;

- formation of a packet with a binary array of data, intended for a terminal device with a serial interface;

- determining the time value of the built-in clock of the terminal device from the received time adjustment request;

- formation of a response to the request for time adjustment with the specified amount of adjustment;

- generation of commands for the 1-Wire bus controller and temperature sensors as part of the TTK;

- checking the correctness and interpreting the responses of temperature sensors as part of the TTC.

The functional block for interaction with the TC implements the basic procedures for interaction with terminal devices within the TC. For receiving and transmitting packets, it uses a block for interacting with a network server; for parsing and forming packets, it uses a block for implementing exchange protocols. The block implements the following set of functions:

- determination of the corresponding TC by the identifier of the terminal device in the received packet;

- checking the correctness of data values in the received packet (measurement time, measured current value);

- generating a response to a time adjustment request with the calculation of the required amount of adjustment based on the values of the server system clock and the terminal device clock;

- execution of the measurement procedure for the TTC - initialization of the 1-Wire bus, transmission of the measurement start command, sequential receipt of results for each sensor of the thermogarland as part of the TTC, binding of the measured temperature value to the height mark of the sensor in the BSV and transmission of the generated result to the data storage access block ;

- conversion of the obtained values of the measured current into sensor readings and the value of the water level in the BWW for TPK and TKOV and transfer of the generated result to the data storage access block;

- formation of notifications transmitted to the user interface block (via the web server block) after performing measurements according to the TC;

- formation of a list of warnings, malfunctions and alarms based on the results of analysis of the latest received packets from the terminal devices of the TC and comparison of the measurement results for the TC with the specified threshold values.

The data storage access functional block provides interaction with the DBMS to read or modify data stored in the database and implements the following set of functions:

- reading the full list of monitoring objects, alignments, TCs as part of the system;

- reading the attributes of a separate object, alignment, TC with the specified identifier;

- search for a TC by the value of individual attributes (by name, identifier of the terminal device, belonging to an object, alignment);

- modification of the attributes of a separate object, alignment, TC with the specified identifier;

- adding new records with the results of measurements according to the TC (sensor readings and technological parameters) to the appropriate tables;

- reading the measurement results according to the TC with the specified identifier with additional conditions (the latest measurement, the list of measurements for the specified period).

The functional block for generating reports generates reporting documents in the standardized Office Open XML (OOXML) format, which can be opened for further processing on another workstation using the Microsoft Office package (Word, Excel) version 2007 and higher (files with the extension .docx and . xlsx). The following types of reports are generated:

- dependence of temperature on depth at the selected point in time for the TTC selected by the operator;

- dependence of the water level on time for the TPK or TKV selected by the operator.

The following programming languages were used to develop SAMIK GTS open source software: С# (C Sharp), JavaScript.

Development environment: Microsoft Visual Studio 2017.

The hardware server is designed to host PSS and PSP.

The server operates in a round-the-clock (permanent) mode and has a network connection with the base station and workstation, which require access to the measurement results.

The workplace of the operator of the system for automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures is used as an automated workplace.

The connection is made via the WEB-interface (the address of the server is entered in the browser, and it does not require pre-installation of special software on the user's computer, all software is located on the server).

DB systems for automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures organized as a set of interrelated tables that can be divided into two groups:

Tables with permanent, rarely modified data:

- Objects of monitoring;

- Gates;

- Parameters of control points (TC).

Tables with regularly updated information:

- Measurement results received from the TC;

- Received and transmitted packets of TC terminal devices.

The amount of information is determined by the number of control points in the measuring network and the selected measurement period.

The file system on the server's hard drive is used to store information. As a DBMS, a compact embedded relational DBMS SQLite version 3 is used, the database is a single file.

4 types of reporting documents (MS Office files) are implemented in SAMIK GTS - 2 according to the state of the TTC at a point in time, 1 according to the state of the TPK at a selected alignment at a specified point in time (day) and 1 graph of water level versus time.

Implementation of the invention.

The following technical solutions have been implemented in SAMIK GTS:

- autonomous operation of control points (thermometric and piezometric wells) by using power batteries with the longest operating time before replacement;

- data transmission using a radio channel.

These solutions assume a periodic control regime. The measurements take place at discrete times, when the data acquisition and transmission units (DACUs) are active, the rest of the time they are in the “sleep” state.

The system operation schedule provides for the following measurement time intervals:

- temperature measurement - up to 10 times in 10 days;

- water level (piezometric pressure) and water temperature in piezometric wells - up to 10 times a day;

- water level in tanks - up to 6 times per hour.

At the same time, SAMIK GTS provides for a remote change in the period of measurements and data transmission.

The communication organization scheme is based on the "Star" principle, in which all terminal devices (control points) communicate with the central receiving-transmitting unit (base station).

Radio facilities as part of SAMIK GTS have the following characteristics:

- work in permitted, unlicensed radio frequency bands;

- minimum transmitter power at maximum range;

- minimum time of data transmission (being on the air);

- high sensitivity of the receiver.

SAMIK GTS uses wireless data transmission technology.

It is characterized by noise-immune and cryptographic coding, control of the integrity of transmitted data packets, and an extremely short time spent by devices in active mode.

The high sensitivity of the receiver and a special type of radio signal modulation provide stable communication at a distance of up to 3-5 km in urban areas and up to 15 km in the line of sight.

The network consists of the following elements: end device, gateway, network server and application server.

Automated system for wireless monitoring of hydraulic structures with data accumulation for subsequent analysis provides automated control of measurements of the following parameters:

- water levels in piezometric wells (interface 4-20 mA);

- water levels in open reservoirs (interface 4-20 mA);

- water temperature in piezometric wells and reservoirs from level sensors with an integrated water temperature sensor (4-20 mA interface);

- temperature distributions in thermometric wells from thermometric strings (1Wire interface).

The technical solutions for SAMIK GTS include end devices of classes A and C.

Bi-directional end-devices (Class A) allow bidirectional exchange. Moreover, only the end device can initiate communication, after which two time windows are allocated, during which a response from the network is expected. The transmission interval is planned by the end device based on its own needs due to small random time fluctuations (protocol type ALOHA). End devices of "class A" are used in applications where data transmission from the network is possible only as a response to receiving data from the end device and the maximum operating time from an independent power source is required.

Bi-directional end-devices (Class C) have an almost continuously open receive window. The receiving window is closed only for the duration of data transmission. This type of end device is suitable for tasks where it is necessary to receive large amounts of data and do not require long-term operation from an independent power source.

In the Russian Federation, the relevant regulatory documents define the procedure for using these devices and allocate the necessary radio frequency bands.

For data transmission via the 4-20 mA interface, "class A" end devices are used, since the amount of transmitted data is minimal.

For data transmission via the 1-Wire interface, “class C” devices are used.

The use of "class C" devices requires a permanent power supply. Therefore, to organize communication in this class of devices, a quasi-permanent power supply scheme was used, which is organized using an on timer - a “class A” device.

The turn-on timer is a transceiver - a "class A" device, including a 1-Wire signal converter for transmitting data from thermal garlands to a server through a gateway - a base station.

SAMIK GTS implements the following requirements for accuracy, reliability, reliability and availability of the necessary data and characteristics when performing measurements:

1. The absolute error of temperature measurements in wells is not worse than 0.1 °С.

3. Absolute measurement error of water levels in tanks is not more than 0.01 m.

4. Range of measurements of water levels in a piezometric well in the zone of guaranteed water availability (max 10 m).

5. The presence of a graphical mode for displaying the distribution of water levels over time, temperature in wells by depth.

6. Output of messages about exceeding the criteria values above the design value.

7. Possibility to change the frequency of polling measuring wells.

8. Data archiving.

9. Warranty period of operation of the equipment is at least 24 months from the date of putting into commercial operation.

We give the most comprehensive example of the implementation of the invention. Bearing in mind that this example does not limit the application of the invention.

SAMIK GTS includes the following types of information objects:

- objects of monitoring;

- alignments;

- TTK;

- TPK;

- TKOV;

- state (measurement result) of TTK;

- state (measurement result) of TPK;

- state (measurement result) TKOV.

Each information object has a number of attributes, the set of values of which forms a separate instance of the object (a separate TC, a separate dimension).

- Monitoring object: name, map image, map image borders in WCS.

- Alignment: belonging to the monitoring object, name, coordinates of the alignment line on the plan in the MSC.

- TTK: name, belonging to the object and alignment, altitude position, coordinates in the plan (MCC), identifiers of terminal devices, a list of thermogarland sensors.

- TPK: name, belonging to the object and alignment, altitude position, coordinates in the plan (MCC), identifiers of terminal devices.

- TKOV: name, belonging to the object, altitude position, coordinates in the plan (MCC), identifiers of terminal devices.

- Status (measurement result) of the TTC: belonging to the TTC, the time of the measurement, the temperature values of each sensor with reference to the height mark (BV), technological parameters (battery charge level, temperature inside the device case, signal reception quality indicators).

- Status (measurement result) of the TPK: belonging to the TPK, the time of the measurement, the value of the water level mark (WSL) or water temperature, technological parameters (battery charge level, temperature inside the device case, signal reception quality indicators).

- Status (measurement result) of the TKOV: belonging to the TKOV, the time of the measurement, the value of the water level mark (WSL) or water temperature, technological parameters (battery charge level, temperature inside the device case, signal reception quality indicators).

On the basis of a set of properties of information objects, algorithms and procedures for processing information in SAMIC GTS are built:

- obtaining a complete list of monitoring objects, alignments, TCs as part of the system;

- obtaining a list of alignments and shopping malls belonging to a particular object;

- obtaining attributes of a separate object, alignment, TC with the specified identifier;

- obtaining a set of measurement results for the TC with the specified identifier with additional conditions (the latest measurement, the list of measurements for the specified period);

- formation of a set of measurement results for several TCs in one section for plotting isotherm graphs and a drawdown curve;

- determination of the corresponding TC by the identifier of the terminal device in the received packet;

- conversion of the obtained values of the measured current into sensor readings and the value of the water level in the BWW for TPK and TKOV based on the values of the altitude position of the TC.

Industrial applicability.

The proposed SAMIK HTS with the accumulation of data for subsequent analysis can be carried out by a specialist in practice and, when implemented, ensures the implementation of the stated purpose, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

SAMIK GTS is a territorially local automated system that operates continuously around the clock and is in constant readiness to perform assigned tasks.

The following main technical requirements are implemented in the automated system for wireless monitoring of hydraulic structures with data accumulation for subsequent analysis:

1. Reliability.

2. Functionality.

3. Openness of the database server.

4. Self-diagnostics: availability of the well controller, control of the integrity of information packets, confirmation of data delivery, informing about the non-receipt of data from the measuring well in due time.

5. Convenience in repair, the possibility of repairing equipment by replacing it in blocks.

6. Ensuring operational testing of sensors and communication channels.

7. Reliability of the results obtained in the processing of measurement information.

8. Maintainability and the possibility of replacing failed instrumentation and individual elements of ASMB.

9. Ensuring the safe conduct of observations, operational and maintenance of control and measuring systems and equipment, including their repair and replacement.

As the main means of computer technology, a server with characteristics no worse than:

- processor with a frequency of 2.1 GHz and the number of cores 8;

- 16 GB RDIMM DDR4 RAM;

- total HDD capacity 6 TB;

- network interface (Ethernet 100/1000 Mbps) for connecting to a local network.

Recommended hardware characteristics of the workstation:

- Intel Core i3 / AMD Ryzen 3 class processor or higher;

- at least 8 GB of RAM;

- system disk SSD or HDD from 250 GB (for OS and basic software);

- network interface (Ethernet 100/1000 Mbps) for connecting to the network.

Requirements for communication channels: throughput not less than 100 Mbps.

To ensure the functioning of SAMIK GTS, the following preinstalled system-wide software is required:

- on server:

- operating system of the Windows Server line;

- on AWP:

- operating system of the Windows family;

- modern browser with support for HTML5 standards.

- Microsoft Office suite of applications.

SAMIK GTS with data accumulation for subsequent analysis provides the following procedures:

1. Automated interrogation of sensors, collection of information, its storage, processing and transmission of data to a computer network.

2. Implementation of periodic automatic polling of sensors according to a given time mode:

- temperature measurement - 1 time in 10 days (the maximum is not more than 1 time per day);

- water level (piezometric head) and water temperature in piezometric wells - 1 time per day;

- water level in tanks - 1 time per hour.

3. Processing of measurement information: conversion of readings into indications, if necessary, averaging of data according to specified rules, visualization of the results of the CIA survey, comparison of indications with measurement limits.

4. Formation of an information package of observational data with the preservation of all information in the server memory and in archives on independent electronic media; creation and storage of protocols of errors and failures in work.

5. Comparison of the obtained results of the CME survey with safety criteria and automatic display of a message in case the controlled parameter goes beyond the established limits, with the notification of the operator about the increased acceleration of changes in temperature and levels, with the possibility of setting the acceleration threshold manually.

6. Unobstructed ability to scale the number of observed objects by 10 times.

SAMIK GTS with data accumulation for subsequent analysis was developed using technologies for wireless monitoring of the state parameters of thermometric, piezometric control points and water level control points in open reservoirs.

The functionality of the system makes it possible to increase the level of safety in the operation of hydraulic structures by periodically evaluating the parameters of control points and comparing them with the safety criteria for a specific monitoring object.

Additional achieved technical result:

1. Autonomy, maintenance of points every 3-5 years (depends on the frequency of measurements, which is configured) and this is only a replacement of batteries, if necessary, verification of measuring equipment.

2. No need to build a communication infrastructure - everything is organized wirelessly, including in hard-to-reach areas.

3. Vandal resistance - all equipment is in the wells, only the antenna is outside, it can be used at unguarded facilities.

Claims (23)

1. A system for automated monitoring and control of industrial safety of hydraulic structures, including a plurality of automated operator stations connected via a unified network to a remote server, which is connected via a unified network to a plurality of monitoring and control units for industrial safety of hydraulic structures located on hydraulic structures, characterized in that the block for monitoring and controlling the industrial safety of hydraulic structures is made in the form of a base station having an autonomous power supply unit and a radio signal exchange module with autonomous modules installed on the hydraulic structure: • piezometric control point, • thermometric control point, • water level control point in open reservoirs, moreover, each point has its own autonomous power supply unit, while the thermometric control point includes a housing in which are located: • data collection and transmission unit, which includes: i. hardware timer with time synchronization over the LoRaWAN network; ii. interface converter board 1-wire-RS-232 of the work control controller; iii. radio modem board with RS-232 interface; iv. lithium-ion battery; v. sealed housing with cable glands; • thermal garland consisting of temperature sensors; • whip antenna. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the piezometric control point includes a housing in which are located: • data collection and transmission unit, which includes: i. block for collecting and transmitting data on the water level; ii. temperature data acquisition and transmission unit; iii. lithium-ion battery; iv. sealed housing with cable glands; • water level and temperature sensor; • whip antenna. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the base station is located in an insulated metal cabinet.

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