RU2772352C1 - Device for lifting bulk materials with high concentration in the gas mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pipeline transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pipeline transport. The device for lifting loose materials with high concentration in the gas mixture contains a mixing chamber, a vertical transport pipeline and an inclined feeder. A spring-loaded damper is installed in the loading feeder inclined at an angle "α" to the horizon. The damper area F, the reduced angular stiffness "C_a" and the capacity "Q" of the feeder are interconnected. When changing the transported material, the calculated height "H" of the bulk material is regulated, having different density "H" and friction coefficient "ƒ".

EFFECT: reduced consumption of compressed gas, increased reliability of the installation and environmental protection.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pipeline transport, and in particular to devices for vertical and inclined pneumatic transport of bulk materials with a high concentration in the gas mixture.

A device for lifting bulk materials with a high concentration in the gas mixture (pat. No. 2194661, 12/20/2002 Bull. No. 35 and Pat. No. 2294886, 03/10/2007 Bull. No. 7), containing a mixing chamber, a vertical transport pipeline and a vertical feeder .

In the known device, an important factor is the presence of the estimated filled height of the boot feeder with bulk material. When this filled height is lowered by bulk material, material is ejected due to excess pressure towards the outlet of the feeder, which leads to excessive consumption of compressed gas, contamination of working areas and stopping the material pneumatic lifting system.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the consumption of compressed gas, increase the reliability of the installation and protect the environment.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for lifting bulk materials with a high concentration in the gas mixture, containing a mixing chamber, a vertical transport pipeline and an inclined feeder, in order to regulate the estimated height " H " of bulk material having a different density "ρ" and coefficient friction “ f ” in the loading feeder inclined at an angle “α” to the horizon, a spring-loaded rectangular shutter with side “ a ” is installed, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is F \ u003d a ² , the reduced angular stiffness of the spring “ C _y ” and the productivity “ Q ” of the feeder are related by the relations:

– угол поворота заслонки;

– ускорение свободного падения;

– коэффициент расхода (учитывает потери давления при истечении материала через отверстие);

– приведенная угловая жесткость пружины заслонки. where

- angle of rotation of the damper;

- acceleration of gravity;

– flow coefficient (takes into account the pressure loss when the material flows through the hole);

is the reduced angular stiffness of the damper spring.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device; in fig. 2 - loading part of a semi-industrial installation, in Fig. 3 - control damper - valve.

The device for lifting bulk materials with a high concentration in the gas mixture contains a mixing chamber 1 with a transport pipeline 2. In the lower part of the mixing chamber there are branch pipes 3 for supplying compressed air and a porous gas distribution partition 4. The feeding part in the form of a vertical feeder 6 of the mixing chamber 1 is located above the branch pipe of the transport pipeline 2. Bulk material from the feeding part 6 continuously enters the mixing chamber 1. Compressed gas through the porous partition 4 is fed under the layer of bulk cargo. After passing through the porous partition 4, the gas flows, acting on the bulk cargo, aerate it to a fluidized (boiling) state. Under the action of excess gas pressure in the mixing chamber and the constant bulk cargo overpressure, fluidized material with an increased concentration is fed into the pipeline branch pipe 2. Due to the pressure drop, the bulk cargo moves through the pipeline in a stagnant state by creating additional resistances in the form of transverse inserts 5 with holes installed dispersed along the height of the pipeline with a certain step. The entire height of the material-gas mixture column along the height of the pipeline is divided by transverse inserts 5 into separate sections. In order to exclude the movement of material in the opposite direction, a damper 7, a spring 8 with an adjusting bolt 9 are installed in the lower part of the pipe of the inclined feeder 6 (Fig. 3), with the possibility of blocking the flow of compressed gas from the mixing chamber.

The device works as follows.

» подпружиненной заслонки 7, который в сувою очередь зависит от приведенной угловой жесткости -

пружины 8 заслонки 7.Bulk material from the feeding part 6 continuously enters the mixing chamber 1. The material consumption is determined by the height of the column "H" and the angle of rotation "

» spring damper 7, which in turn depends on the reduced angular stiffness -

springs 8 dampers 7.

The compression force of the spring 8 and, accordingly, the height of the material layer "H" is determined by its density ρ, friction coefficient f and is regulated by the bolt 9. Violation of this minimum height H leads to the release of bulk material from the mixing chamber through the feeder 6 into the environment. The compressed gas is fed through the porous partition 4 under the material layer. After passing through the porous partition 4, the gas flow, acting on the material, aerates it to a fluidized state. Under the action of the excess gas pressure in the mixing chamber 1 and the constant backwater of bulk material flowing through the feeding part 6, fluidized material with an increased concentration is fed into the pipeline branch pipe 2. The lifting height of the material depends on the pressure drop, the number of inserts 5 built into the pipeline 4, and the number and diameter of holes in these inserts 5. When changing the transported material, the estimated height "H" of the bulk material having different density "ρ" and friction coefficient " f " is regulated.

The calculation of the permissible minimum height H is made according to the equation:

– угол поворота заслонки;

– ускорение свободного падения;

– коэффициент расхода (учитывает потери давления при истечении материала через отверстие);

– приведенная угловая жесткость пружины заслонки. where

– damper rotation angle;

- acceleration of gravity;

– flow coefficient (takes into account the pressure loss when the material flows through the hole);

is the reduced angular stiffness of the damper spring.

Thus, the transport is carried out with a high concentration of material, and therefore with a low air consumption. With pneumatic transport in a dense layer, the operating speed of the air flow is not more than 2 m/s and its increase up to 2.5 times does not lead to a significant increase in pressure losses.

Example:

For JSC "BAZ-SUAL" an inclined pneumatic lift with a cascade movement of materials was installed to supply alumina dust from electrostatic precipitators to the receiving tank of the rotary kiln of the calcination shop. A decrease in the speed of dust and gas flows inevitably led to a decrease in the cost of dust and gas cleaning. The lifting of bulk cargo is carried out with a high concentration in the gas mixture and low speeds, and hence with a low consumption of compressed gas.

With pneumatic lifting to a height of up to 40 m, it is possible to achieve a mass concentration of bulk cargo in gas up to 200 ... 300 kg / kg, a gas flow velocity of 1 ... 3 m / s, which can significantly reduce the consumption of compressed gas, and therefore reduce energy costs for pneumatic lifting and dust and gas cleaning when operating at low gas flow rates.

Calculation example:

1. Initial data:

;

;

;

;

мм;

mm;

;

;

– коэффициент парусности;

- windage coefficient;

м;

m;

2. Calculation:

Soaring speed:

Accept air speed

Material conveying speed:

;

;

Mass air flow

кг/с;

kg/s;

Mass consumption of material:

кг/с = 230 т/час

kg/s = 230 t/h

и повторить расчет.If you need to increase the productivity of the installation, you can increase

and repeat the calculation.

When changing the size of the material and its density, the air speed can be changed.

Claims (3)

A device for lifting bulk materials with a high concentration in the gas mixture, containing a mixing chamber, a vertical transport pipeline and an inclined loading feeder, characterized in that, in order to regulate the estimated height "H" of bulk material having different density "ρ" and friction coefficient "ƒ ”, in the loading feeder inclined at an angle “α” to the horizon, a spring-loaded shutter is installed, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is F, the reduced angular rigidity “C _y ” and the performance “Q” of the feeder are related by the relations:

, where ϕ is the damper rotation angle; ɡ is free fall acceleration; µ – flow coefficient (takes into account the pressure loss when the material flows through the hole); C _y is the reduced angular stiffness of the damper spring.

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