RU2771682C1 - Pumping unit bypass system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used both for the extraction of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, and for work in wells with a horizontal termination without extracting pumping equipment. The bypass system of the pumping unit contains a y-adapter with an electric centrifugal pump installation (ECPI) and a bypass line attached to it. The bypass line consists of a column of bypass pipes, a bypass line holder and protectolizers connecting the bypass line and the ECPI into a common structure along the entire layout. A guide for the delivery vehicle, made in the form of a coupling or non-coupling pipe column, with a length determined by calculation based on the condition of the delivery vehicle reaching the required area of the horizontal section of the well, is rigidly connected to the bypass line holder from below. The diameter of the specified guide is no more than double the diameter and no less than one diameter of the delivery vehicle and/or the delivered equipment.

EFFECT: increase in the passage depth of the delivery vehicle, minimizing the risks of equipment not reaching the required areas in the well, eliminating the risks arising from the movement of the delivery vehicle and the equipment of the production column above the shank.

10 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used both for the production of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, and for work in horizontal wells without removing pumping equipment.

Bypass pumping systems are known (for example, according to patents RU2654301, RU2495280, GB2410965, application WO2016/209658), containing a Y-block connecting the bypass pipe string and the electric centrifugal pump unit (ESP), fastened together by protectolizers.

A common disadvantage of these systems is the high risk of the delivery means (coiled tubing - coiled tubing, rigid geophysical cable - LCD, etc.) not reaching the bottom of the well with a horizontal end and, as a result, the impossibility of performing the necessary technological operations on the well. The shortfall occurs due to the free location of the delivery device in the space of the production casing of the well below the funnel of the above bypass systems, which leads to undulating and spiral twisting of cables and pipes, contact surfaces increase, friction increases, the transfer of pushing force worsens, and the likelihood of blocking and rupture of the pipe increases.

The closest in terms of technical features is the bypass system of the pumping unit according to patent RU2449117 (IPC E21B47/00, publ. 27.04.2012). The bypass system of the pumping unit consists of a y-piece to which the pumping unit and the bypass pipe string are attached, as well as a swivel, saddle and protectolizers. A breakaway sleeve is installed between the y-junction and the tubing string, and a plug is installed in the y-junction, in addition, the pump string contains a balancing valve, and the bypass pipe string contains a funnel, while the pump string and the bypass pipe string are fixed between themselves by protectolizers with the possibility of their separation and the seat with the possibility of its separation and are attached to the y-adapter using breakable couplings.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the failure of the delivery vehicle to reach the bottom hole in the horizontal section of the well due to the phenomenon of locking in the section of the well between the funnel of the bypass system and the liner of the production string, in which the risks of pipe fracture are high.

The technical problem solved by the invention is the creation of a bypass system devoid of the disadvantages of analogues.

The technical result is an increase in the depth of passage of delivery vehicles in inclined and horizontal sections of wells while minimizing their twisting, bending, locking and breaking.

The technical problem is solved, and the result is achieved by the bypass system of the pumping unit, consisting of a y-adapter, to which the electric centrifugal pump unit (ESP) and the bypass line, consisting of the bypass pipe string, the bypass line holder and protectolizers are fixed, connecting the bypass line and the ESP into a common structure throughout the assembly. In contrast to the prototype , a guide for the delivery tool is rigidly connected from the bottom with the bypass line holder, made in the form of a sleeved or sleeveless tubular string, with a length determined by calculation based on the condition for the delivery vehicle to reach the required area of the horizontal section of the well, while the diameter of the specified guide is not more than double the diameter and at least one diameter of the delivery vehicle and/or the equipment to be delivered.

According to the invention, in particular cases of execution:

- the guide for the delivery vehicle below the holder has a length of at least from the bypass line holder to the guide entering the well liner;

- the guide for the delivery device below the holder has a length that allows it to enter the liner of a horizontally completed well, and at the end of the guide for the delivery device there is a funnel made as a guide for entering the liner, sealed or with channels for the passage of fluid along its outer contour, above which perforated nozzles of the guide for the delivery vehicle are installed;

- a check valve is installed between the y-adapter and the ESP to prevent liquid from draining through the ESP when it stops;

- the system contains a telescopic sleeve, below which there is a support element for safe installation with a bypass pipe, on which a guide for the delivery vehicle is suspended through the holder;

- the system contains a nipple for the installation of technological equipment, made as a separate part or as part of a y-adapter or a telescopic coupling;

- the delivery vehicle is made in the form of an umbilical, a steel-polymer pipe, a rigid cable, a flexible tubing (CT);

- in the pump line, which is a pipe or several pipes connecting the y-adapter with the ESP, a coupling with a neck is installed between the y-adapter and the ESP, if necessary, additional fixation of the pump line with the bypass line with a protectolizer;

- a system of reference pipes is installed above the y-adapter to determine the place of landing / removal of technological plugs and valves;

- between the y-adapter and the system of reference pipes, a nipple is installed for pressure testing of the tubing lift (tubing pipes).

The technical result is achieved as follows.

The presence of the specified guide allows you to exclude the free location of the delivery device in the space of the production string of the well.

The specified diameter of the guide is chosen by the authors empirically and allows you to provide a gap between the delivery vehicle and the inner walls of the guide, sufficient for the smooth passage of the delivery vehicle along the entire length of the guide (pipe string). At the same time, the guide with the specified diameter minimizes the undulating and helical twisting of cables and pipes, reduces the contact surfaces, friction, improves the transmission of pushing force, reduces the risk of blocking and eliminates the risk of breaking the delivery vehicle.

The specified length, selected by calculation based on the condition of reaching the delivery vehicle to the required area of the horizontal section of the well, provides the maximum reach to the bottom of the delivery vehicle (pipes, coiled tubing, rigid cables) in wells with a horizontal ending due to a long sleeved or sleeveless tubing string below the holder. In a particular case, a length not less than from the holder of the bypass system to the entry of the guide into the well liner also makes it possible to minimize or exclude the delivery vehicle from entering the production string above the liner.

All of the above makes it possible to increase the depth of the delivery vehicle passage, minimize the risks of equipment not reaching the required areas in the well, and eliminate the risks arising from the movement of the delivery vehicle and production string equipment above the liner.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings showing the claimed system:

In FIG. 1 - in general;

Figure 2 - one of the special cases of the system.

The figures show:

1. Elevator tubing

2. Reference pipe or their system

3. y-adapter connecting the pumping unit and the bypass line with the tubing lift

4. nipple for installing plugs sealing the bypass pipe string during technological operations and well operation in production mode (both a separate part and part of a y-adapter or telescopic sleeve)

5. telescopic coupling, allowing to mount parallel bypass and pumping lines

6. support element installed in the bypass line below the telescopic sleeve

7. bypass line

8. pump line

9. coupling with a neck, installed in the pumping line if additional fixation with a protectolizer is required

10. protectolizers connecting the bypass and pump lines into a common structure along the entire layout

11. shank installed under the ESP with a flanged or threaded connection

12. shank rod to guide the movement of the holder when mounting / dismounting the bypass system

13. saddle with a neck for installing a protectolizer at the lower point of the joint location of the bypass and pump lines of the assembly and the support of the bypass line during installation / dismantling

14. bypass line holder

15. delivery vehicle guide

16. funnel (feather)

17. Suspension pipe of the pump line

18. upper assembly of the bypass system.

The operation of the bypass system is shown for a particular implementation case.

Installation is carried out at the wellhead completely, or from pre-assembled units. The funnel 16 is connected to the bottom thread of the guide 15 of the delivery vehicle.

As a guide 15, in particular, can be used tubing (tubing) . Next, the required length of the guide 15 is dialed according to preliminary calculations for reaching the required area of the horizontal section of the well in specialized existing calculation programs, for example, "MEDCO" (on the site www.medcotas.com), "Cerberus" (https://www. nov.com/-/media/nov/files/products/caps/intervention-and-stimulation-equipment/cerberus/cerberus-for-coiled-tubing-flyer-russian.pdf), "ORION", by iterating over the dimensions of the guide and obtaining a theoretical result in any of the existing programs. These software products make it possible to carry out accurate calculations of coiled tubing reaching the bottom of the well, to calculate the design of the tubing, and to take into account the applied layout of the bottom of the string.

An example of choosing a guide for a delivery vehicle.

It is necessary to select the parameters of the guide for the layout of the well: tubing lift 89 to ch. 2580, bypass system with a bore diameter of 60 mm to a depth of 2620 m. A 38 mm coiled tubing delivery vehicle with a geophysical cable stored in it. There is oil in the well, nitrogen in the coiled tubing. Using the MEDCO program, the forces acting on the pipe are calculated, taking into account the well inclinometry parameters (depths, angles, axis coordinates, curvature - full profile), the geometry of the bottom of the string, the level and composition of the well fluid. The coefficient of friction along the entire barrel is taken as 0.3. The calculation of the balance of forces acting on the pipe is carried out for the following conditions: the load on the pipe is below the maximum allowable, in order to avoid fracture, the friction force is below the pushing force, so that there is no locking and there is reaching to the bottom. By selecting the length and diameter, the parameters of the delivery vehicle guide were selected: tubing with a bore diameter of 62 mm to a depth of 2935 m, then a liner 114 to a depth of 3755 m.

Also, the length can be selected based on the requirements of the entry of the guide 15 into the well liner. When the guide 15 enters the well liner with a horizontal end, the funnel 16 can both hermetically seal the inner diameter, and only center the guide 15, leaving space for the fluid to pass along the outer contour. The diameter of the guide is also selected using the indicated programs from the calculation data for the passage of the delivery vehicle, but not more than twice the diameter of the delivery vehicle and/or the equipment being delivered.

The upper thread of the guide 15 is connected to the holder 14, which is threaded through a free hole onto the rod 12 of the shank 11 and fixed by the seat 13. A bypass line 7 is typed onto the upper thread of the holder. The shank 11 is connected by a threaded or flanged connection to the base of the ESP or its telemetry unit. Bypass line 7 is mounted parallel to the ESP and connected to it by protectolizers 10 along the entire length of the bypass system. Protectolizers 10 are installed on the necks of the ESP sections, fix the electric cable of the submersible motor and cover the bypass pipe 7, creating a guide chute for its longitudinal movement during installation.

The upper thread of the bypass line 7 is connected to the y-adapter 3 of the bypass system.

In other cases of execution: a support element 6 (coupling or sub) is installed to the upper thread of the bypass column, which makes it possible to securely hold the heavy suspension of the bypass line during installation / dismantling. Above the ESP there is an upper node 18 of the bypass system consisting of a y-adapter 3, a nipple 4, a telescopic coupling 5, a hanging pipe 17. The connection of the bypass line 7 with the upper node 18 is carried out by unloading the bypass system to the support element 6 with its subsequent connection directly to the telescopic coupling 5 or through the pipes of the bypass line 7. A reference pipe 2 or a system of pipes of the required length is installed above the y-adapter 3.

The ESP is also connected to the y-adapter 3 through a coupling with a neck 9 and a hanging pipe 17.

Next, the assembled bypass system is connected to the tubing lift 1, on which it is lowered into the well to the required depth up to entering the liner if necessary.

During operation, technological sealing elements are installed in the y-adapter 3 or nipple 4 - blind and logging plugs.

The sealing of the bypass line makes it possible to carry out work in the well without removing the ESP, as well as during its operation, in particular, geophysical surveys of horizontal wells in the field operation mode. When carrying out logging operations, the delivery means (LC, coiled tubing, downhole tractor, etc.), limited by the inner diameter of the guide of the delivery means, significantly increase the distance of passage along the horizontal section of the wellbore, up to its bottom.

Thus, the invention makes it possible to increase the penetration depth of the delivery tool, to minimize the risks of the equipment not reaching the required areas in the well, to eliminate the risks arising from the movement of the delivery tool and production string equipment above the liner.

Claims (10)

1. Pump unit bypass system, consisting of a y-adapter, to which an electric centrifugal pump unit (ECP) and a bypass line are fixed, consisting of a bypass pipe string, a bypass line holder and protectolizers connecting the bypass line and the ESP into a common structure along the entire layout, characterized in that a guide for the delivery means is rigidly connected from the bottom with the holder of the bypass line, made in the form of a sleeved or sleeveless pipe string, with a length determined by calculation based on the condition for reaching the required area of the horizontal section of the well, while the diameter of the specified guide is not more than double the diameter and at least one diameter of the delivery vehicle and/or the equipment to be delivered. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide for the delivery vehicle below the holder has a length not less than from the holder of the bypass line before the guide enters the well liner. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide for the delivery device below the holder has a length that allows you to enter the liner of a horizontally completed well, and at the end of the guide for the delivery device there is a funnel made as a guide for entering the liner, sealed or with channels for the passage of liquid along its outer contour, above which perforated nozzles of the guide for the delivery means are installed. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a check valve is installed between the y-adapter and the ESP to prevent liquid from draining through the ESP when it stops. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system comprises a telescopic sleeve, below which a support element is installed for safe installation with a bypass pipe, on which a guide for the delivery vehicle is suspended through the holder. 6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system contains a nipple for installing technological equipment, made as a separate part or as part of a y-adapter or telescopic coupling. 7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the delivery means is made in the form of an umbilical, a steel-polymer pipe, a rigid cable, a flexible tubing (CT). 8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the pump line, which is a pipe or several pipes connecting the y-adapter with the ESP, a sleeve with a neck is installed between the y-adapter and the ESP, if necessary, additional fixation of the pump line with the bypass by the protectolizer. 9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a system of reference pipes is installed above the y-adapter to determine the place of landing / removal of technological plugs and valves. 10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that between the y-adapter and the system of reference pipes there is a nipple for pressure testing the tubing lift (tubing pipes).

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